## Package version: 2.1.2
## Parallel computing: 2 of 2 threads used.
## See https://quanteda.io for tutorials and examples.
## 
## Attaching package: 'quanteda'
## The following object is masked from 'package:utils':
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##     View
## Loading required package: usethis
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## Attaching package: 'quanteda.textmodels'
## The following object is masked from 'package:quanteda':
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##     data_dfm_lbgexample
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## Attaching package: 'seededlda'
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## Attaching package: 'packrat'
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##     install, install_local

R Markdown

#create corpus

## readtext object consisting of 24 documents and 1 docvar.
## # Description: df[,3] [24 × 3]
##   doc_id         text                docvar1   
##   <chr>          <chr>               <chr>     
## 1 Sardinia1.pdf  "\"          \"..." Sardinia1 
## 2 Sardinia10.pdf "\"          \"..." Sardinia10
## 3 Sardinia11.pdf "\" Wha's Lik\"..." Sardinia11
## 4 Sardinia12.pdf "\"          \"..." Sardinia12
## 5 Sardinia13.pdf "\"          \"..." Sardinia13
## 6 Sardinia14.pdf "\"          \"..." Sardinia14
## # … with 18 more rows

#create corpus

## [1] 24
##      docvar1
## 1  Sardinia1
## 2 Sardinia10
## 3 Sardinia11
## 4 Sardinia12
## 5 Sardinia13
## 6 Sardinia14
## Corpus consisting of 24 documents, showing 24 documents:
## 
##            Text Types Tokens Sentences    docvar1
##   Sardinia1.pdf   293    565        20  Sardinia1
##  Sardinia10.pdf   276    460        14 Sardinia10
##  Sardinia11.pdf   376    784        23 Sardinia11
##  Sardinia12.pdf   323    696        23 Sardinia12
##  Sardinia13.pdf   263    483        14 Sardinia13
##  Sardinia14.pdf   148    250         8 Sardinia14
##  Sardinia15.pdf   348    676        26 Sardinia15
##  Sardinia16.pdf   223    403        18 Sardinia16
##  Sardinia17.pdf   381    875        31 Sardinia17
##  Sardinia18.pdf   298    613        19 Sardinia18
##  Sardinia19.pdf   233    398        14 Sardinia19
##   Sardinia2.pdf   161    226         7  Sardinia2
##  Sardinia20.pdf   147    243        10 Sardinia20
##  Sardinia21.pdf   473   1002        41 Sardinia21
##  Sardinia22.pdf   187    332        13 Sardinia22
##  Sardinia23.pdf   273    463        17 Sardinia23
##  Sardinia24.pdf   402    807        26 Sardinia24
##   Sardinia3.pdf   451   1051        36  Sardinia3
##   Sardinia4.pdf   398    803        39  Sardinia4
##   Sardinia5.pdf   312    626        22  Sardinia5
##   Sardinia6.pdf   180    316        12  Sardinia6
##   Sardinia7.pdf   158    228         9  Sardinia7
##   Sardinia8.pdf   185    322        12  Sardinia8
##   Sardinia9.pdf   442    864        42  Sardinia9

#create dfm

## Length  Class   Mode 
##  48888    dfm     S4

#Cleaning up using tokens

##                Length Class  Mode     
## Sardinia1.pdf  311    -none- character
## Sardinia10.pdf 250    -none- character
## Sardinia11.pdf 386    -none- character
## Sardinia12.pdf 348    -none- character
## Sardinia13.pdf 250    -none- character
## Sardinia14.pdf 129    -none- character
## Sardinia15.pdf 345    -none- character
## Sardinia16.pdf 207    -none- character
## Sardinia17.pdf 446    -none- character
## Sardinia18.pdf 304    -none- character
## Sardinia19.pdf 217    -none- character
## Sardinia2.pdf  126    -none- character
## Sardinia20.pdf 126    -none- character
## Sardinia21.pdf 462    -none- character
## Sardinia22.pdf 181    -none- character
## Sardinia23.pdf 228    -none- character
## Sardinia24.pdf 409    -none- character
## Sardinia3.pdf  551    -none- character
## Sardinia4.pdf  388    -none- character
## Sardinia5.pdf  329    -none- character
## Sardinia6.pdf  164    -none- character
## Sardinia7.pdf  126    -none- character
## Sardinia8.pdf  157    -none- character
## Sardinia9.pdf  421    -none- character

#kwic doesn’t work with dfm, so you have to use tokens

docname from to pre keyword post pattern
Sardinia1.pdf 14 14 wednesday associat press right reserv section international right
Sardinia11.pdf 20 20 media group limit right reserv section news right
Sardinia11.pdf 216 216 independ most campaign right self-determin sardinian someth right
Sardinia12.pdf 16 16 agenc franc press right reserv length word right
Sardinia13.pdf 20 20 agenc franc press right reserv length word right
Sardinia16.pdf 16 16 saturday associat press right reserv section international right
Sardinia18.pdf 35 35 media group limit right reserv section news right
Sardinia2.pdf 18 18 agenc franc press right reserv length word right
Sardinia20.pdf 15 15 entertain pvt ltd right reserv length word right
Sardinia21.pdf 24 24 time newspap limit right reserv section news right
Sardinia23.pdf 14 14 new internat ltd right reserv section world right
Sardinia24.pdf 17 17 journal co ltd right reserv section international right
Sardinia4.pdf 21 21 guardian newspap limit right reserv section pg right
Sardinia6.pdf 24 24 cet © ansa right reserv length word right
Sardinia7.pdf 11 11 pm est u.p.i right reserv length word right
docname from to pre keyword post pattern
Sardinia10.pdf 79 79 repubrica de sardigna independ republ sardinia movement independ
Sardinia11.pdf 56 56 lifelong campaign sardinian independ starv death age independ
Sardinia11.pdf 84 84 libya declar sardinia independ republ order promot independ
Sardinia11.pdf 89 89 order promot sardinian independ attempt creat micro-n independ
Sardinia11.pdf 121 121 ossetia declar maluentu independ state part sardinian independ
Sardinia11.pdf 125 125 state part sardinian independ movement declar presid independ
Sardinia11.pdf 150 150 de sardigna irs independ republ sardinia five independ
Sardinia11.pdf 185 185 unit mourn sardinian independ movement riven mani independ
Sardinia11.pdf 213 213 fight greater autonomi independ most campaign right independ
Sardinia11.pdf 261 261 object view demand independ island five year independ
Sardinia11.pdf 273 273 cent sardinian favour independ per cent want independ
Sardinia11.pdf 285 285 shown demand either independ greater autonomi sardist independ
Sardinia11.pdf 333 333 lombardi referendum time independ reform parti coordin independ
Sardinia12.pdf 253 253 anarchoseparatist group fight independ sardinia group alreadi independ
Sardinia13.pdf 234 234 anarchist group fight independ sardinia load-dat august independ
Sardinia14.pdf 124 124 wage violent campaign independ load-dat juli end independ
Sardinia15.pdf 9 9 villa used blairs independ london august thursday independ
Sardinia15.pdf 13 13 london august thursday independ print ltd section independ
Sardinia15.pdf 147 147 low-level campaign sardinian independ sever year kataweb independ
Sardinia16.pdf 61 61 contain letter call independ mediterranean island sardinia independ
Sardinia16.pdf 83 83 packag letter call independ sardinia howev favor independ
Sardinia16.pdf 169 169 polit island contain independ group never activ independ
Sardinia18.pdf 268 268 ask recognis island independ 1980s mr meloni independ
Sardinia2.pdf 5 5 hous stage sardinian independ protest agenc franc independ
Sardinia2.pdf 54 54 sale leader island independ group indipendenzia republica independ
Sardinia20.pdf 5 5 plan onlin vote independ itali ians-english march independ
Sardinia20.pdf 31 31 hold onlin referendum independ itali russia today independ
Sardinia20.pdf 65 65 parti psdaz organis independ onlin vote sardinia independ
Sardinia20.pdf 85 85 ask sardinian want independ said john hill independ
Sardinia21.pdf 73 73 combat attempt win independ nativ sardinia highest-profil independ
Sardinia21.pdf 204 204 sympathi secessionist caus independ movement allow flourish independ
Sardinia21.pdf 439 439 salvator meloni campaign independ sardinia born may independ
Sardinia23.pdf 43 43 italian state sardinian independ campaign starv death independ
Sardinia23.pdf 71 71 much life sardinian independ former lorri driver independ
Sardinia23.pdf 141 141 everyon love freedom independ said sardinian independ independ
Sardinia23.pdf 144 144 independ said sardinian independ movement particular virul independ
Sardinia23.pdf 167 167 around number minor independ parti recent revolutionari independ
Sardinia24.pdf 48 48 communiti among bid independ peopl sardinia late independ
Sardinia4.pdf 53 53 accord organis vote independ howev secessionist spirit independ
Sardinia4.pdf 122 122 ident minor sardinian independ remain island best independ
Sardinia6.pdf 2 2 sardinian independ man die hunger independ
Sardinia6.pdf 35 35 juli 74-year-old sardinian independ campaign salvator doddor independ
Sardinia6.pdf 59 59 best-known leader sardinia independ fight meloni former independ
Sardinia6.pdf 98 98 south ossetia declar independ state part broader independ
Sardinia6.pdf 106 106 larger group win independ sardinia declar presid independ
Sardinia6.pdf 130 130 meet place sardinian independ parti summer salvator independ
Sardinia9.pdf 106 106 activist small sardinian independ movement hand leaflet independ
docname from to pre keyword post pattern
Sardinia9.pdf 168 168 anticip deathblow mediterranean free trade zone eu free
docname from to pre keyword post pattern
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Sardinia11.pdf 331 331 like veneto lombardi referendum time independ reform referendum
Sardinia11.pdf 364 364 advis said thank referendum two richest region referendum
Sardinia20.pdf 30 30 plan hold onlin referendum independ itali russia referendum
Sardinia20.pdf 39 39 wednesday earlier similar referendum held march reveal referendum
Sardinia20.pdf 108 108 motion stage onlin referendum present region council referendum
Sardinia24.pdf 357 357 motion propos hold referendum whether seced itali referendum
Sardinia4.pdf 47 47 region held unoffici referendum million peopl accord referendum
docname from to pre keyword post pattern
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Sardinia2.pdf 71 71 accus itali illeg occupi island year seafront occupi
Sardinia23.pdf 180 180 sassari second citi occupi missil launch ramp occupi
docname from to pre keyword post pattern
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Sardinia1.pdf 153 153 fire respons berlusconi war war appar refer war
Sardinia1.pdf 154 154 respons berlusconi war war appar refer itali war
Sardinia24.pdf 116 116 savoy wake spanish war success went unifi war
Sardinia24.pdf 220 220 democrat second world war sardinian found even war
Sardinia5.pdf 129 129 prime minist specif war iraq tip-off came war
Sardinia5.pdf 156 156 piec shit berlusconi war war said caller war
Sardinia5.pdf 157 157 shit berlusconi war war said caller group war
docname from to pre keyword post pattern
docname from to pre keyword post pattern 
## Tokens consisting of 24 documents and 1 docvar.
## Sardinia1.pdf :
##  [1] "bomb"       "found"      "town"       "near"       "berlusconi"
##  [6] "villa"      "associat"   "press"      "online"     "august"    
## [11] "wednesday"  "associat"  
## [ ... and 299 more ]
## 
## Sardinia10.pdf :
##  [1] "protest"    "make"       "mockeri"    "secur"      "berlusconi"
##  [6] "villa"      "time"       "london"     "march"      "monday"    
## [11] "time"       "newspap"   
## [ ... and 238 more ]
## 
## Sardinia11.pdf :
##  [1] "wha"       "like"      "us"        "lifelong"  "activist"  "salvator" 
##  [7] "meloni"    "starv"     "death"     "sardinian" "jail"      "nation"   
## [ ... and 374 more ]
## 
## Sardinia12.pdf :
##  [1] "bomb"             "discov"           "sardinia"         "berlusconi-blair"
##  [5] "meet"             "agenc"            "franc"            "press"           
##  [9] "english"          "august"           "wednesday"        "gmt"             
## [ ... and 336 more ]
## 
## Sardinia13.pdf :
##  [1] "blair"   "chang"   "holiday" "schedul" "secur"   "reason"  "italian"
##  [8] "press"   "agenc"   "franc"   "press"   "english"
## [ ... and 238 more ]
## 
## Sardinia14.pdf :
##  [1] "parcel"   "bomb"     "explod"   "milan"    "sort"     "offic"   
##  [7] "agenc"    "franc"    "press"    "english"  "juli"     "saturday"
## [ ... and 117 more ]
## 
## [ reached max_ndoc ... 18 more documents ]
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Sardinia.tokens2

#create dfm from first tokenized steps

#word cloud

#co-occurance

##   meloni    parti       mr    water    group     said independ  premier 
##     5851     5402     4845     4441     4357     4085     3882     3868 
##   region    itali 
##     3758     3744
##  [1] "meloni"     "parti"      "mr"         "water"      "group"     
##  [6] "said"       "independ"   "premier"    "region"     "itali"     
## [11] "separatist" "sardinian"  "farmer"     "sardinia"   "year"      
## [16] "plan"       "document"   "also"       "end"        "holiday"   
## [21] "break"      "letter"     "two"        "member"     "attack"