DataViz: Thanksgiving Hints
Heather Kitada Smalley
Motivation
Thanksgiving is just around the corner. Let’s celebrate the best way we know how, by analyzing some festive data! I hope you have fun making graphics! Happy Thanksgiving!
Dataset/Article
We are using the data from fivethirtyeight the Here’s What Your Part of America Eats on Thanksgiving article https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/heres-what-your-part-of-america-eats-on-thanksgiving/.
The original data set can be found here: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/fivethirtyeight/data/master/thanksgiving-2015/thanksgiving-2015-poll-data.csv
The variables for the survey are described here:https://github.com/fivethirtyeight/data/tree/master/thanksgiving-2015
I cleaned up the data, selected a subset of variables, and created binary variables. My dataset can be found here: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kitadasmalley/FA2020_DataViz/main/data/useThanks.csv
useThanks<-read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kitadasmalley/FA2020_DataViz/main/data/useThanks.csv",
header=TRUE)
str(useThanks)## 'data.frame': 1058 obs. of 83 variables:
## $ id : num 4.34e+09 4.34e+09 4.34e+09 4.34e+09 4.34e+09 ...
## $ celebrate : Factor w/ 2 levels "No","Yes": 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ...
## $ main : Factor w/ 9 levels "","Chicken","Ham/Pork",..: 9 9 9 9 7 9 9 9 9 5 ...
## $ cooked : Factor w/ 6 levels "","Baked","Fried",..: 2 2 6 2 2 6 2 2 6 2 ...
## $ stuffing : Factor w/ 5 levels "","Bread-based",..: 2 2 5 2 2 5 2 5 2 2 ...
## $ cranberry : Factor w/ 5 levels "","Canned","Homemade",..: 4 5 3 3 2 3 2 3 2 5 ...
## $ gravy : Factor w/ 3 levels "","No","Yes": 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ...
## $ brussel.sprouts : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Brussel sprouts": 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 ...
## $ carrots : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Carrots": 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 ...
## $ cauliflower : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Cauliflower": 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ corn : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Corn": 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 ...
## $ cornbread : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Cornbread": 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 ...
## $ fruit.salad : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Fruit salad": 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 ...
## $ green.beans : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Green beans/green bean casserole": 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 ...
## $ mac.n.cheese : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Macaroni and cheese": 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ mashed.potatoes : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Mashed potatoes": 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 ...
## $ rolls : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Rolls/biscuits": 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 ...
## $ squash : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Squash": 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 ...
## $ salad : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Vegetable salad": 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ yams.sweet.potato : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Yams/sweet potato casserole": 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 ...
## $ apple.pie : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Apple": 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 ...
## $ buttermilk.pie : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Buttermilk": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 ...
## $ cherry.pie : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Cherry": 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ chocolate.pie : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Chocolate": 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 ...
## $ coconut.pie : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Coconut cream": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ keylime.pie : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Key lime": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ peach.pie : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Peach": 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ pecan.pie : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Pecan": 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ pumpkin.pie : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Pumpkin": 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 ...
## $ sweet.potato.pie : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Sweet Potato": 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 ...
## $ apple.cobbler : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Apple cobbler": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ blondies : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Blondies": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ brownies : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Brownies": 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ carrot.cake : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Carrot cake": 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ cheesecake : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Cheesecake": 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ cookies : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Cookies": 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 ...
## $ fudge : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Fudge": 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ ice.cream : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Ice cream": 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ peach.cobbler : Factor w/ 2 levels "","Peach cobbler": 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ pray : Factor w/ 3 levels "","No","Yes": 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 ...
## $ friendsgiving : Factor w/ 3 levels "","No","Yes": 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 ...
## $ black.friday : Factor w/ 3 levels "","No","Yes": 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 2 ...
## $ area.live : Factor w/ 4 levels "","Rural","Suburban",..: 3 2 3 4 4 4 2 2 4 3 ...
## $ age : Factor w/ 5 levels "","18 - 29","30 - 44",..: 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 ...
## $ gender : Factor w/ 3 levels "","Female","Male": 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ...
## $ income : Factor w/ 12 levels "","$0 to $9,999",..: 11 10 2 8 4 2 9 12 11 9 ...
## $ DivName : Factor w/ 10 levels "","East North Central",..: 4 3 5 7 7 7 2 5 4 3 ...
## $ celebrate01 : int 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ gravy01 : int 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ friendsgiving01 : int 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 ...
## $ black.friday01 : int 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 ...
## $ brussel.sprouts01 : int 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 ...
## $ carrots01 : int 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 ...
## $ cauliflower01 : int 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ corn01 : int 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 ...
## $ cornbread01 : int 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 ...
## $ fruit.salad01 : int 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 ...
## $ green.beans01 : int 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 ...
## $ mac.n.cheese01 : int 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ mashed.potatoes01 : int 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 ...
## $ rolls01 : int 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 ...
## $ squash01 : int 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 ...
## $ salad01 : int 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ yams.sweet.potato01: int 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 ...
## $ apple.pie01 : int 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 ...
## $ buttermilk.pie01 : int 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 ...
## $ cherry.pie01 : int 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ chocolate.pie01 : int 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 ...
## $ coconut.pie01 : int 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ keylime.pie01 : int 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ peach.pie01 : int 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ pecan.pie01 : int 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ pumpkin.pie01 : int 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 ...
## $ sweet.potato.pie01 : int 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 ...
## $ apple.cobbler01 : int 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ blondies01 : int 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ brownies01 : int 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ carrot.cake01 : int 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ cheesecake01 : int 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ cookies01 : int 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 ...
## $ fudge01 : int 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ ice.cream01 : int 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ peach.cobbler01 : int 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...Directions
Option 1: Create
Step 1: Use the variables from the dataset to ask a question about Thanksgiving
Step 2: Make your first attempt at creating a graphic
Step 3: Color palette
Step 4: Brainstorming/Planning
Step 5: Update your plot
Step 6: Final polished plot
Option 2: (CHALLENGE) Recreate
This is pretty tough and requires a fair bit of data wrangling. Here are a few hints to help you along the way.
Hint 1: Group_by and Summarise
- Find the total number of households who serve each of the menu items, by region
- Find the total number of houesholds in each region
Hint 2: Mutate
- Find the proportion of households who serve each of the menu items, by region
Hint 3: Census Statistics
In order to assess what dishes are served “disproportionately” by region, we first need to understand national trends. Thus, we must calculate national values as weighted averages by population distribution in regions. This data comes from https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/figures/nis_figure1_2018.jsp
Here is some data about how people are distributed accross regions:
popDiv<-data.frame(DivName=c("East North Central",
"East South Central",
"Middle Atlantic",
"Mountain",
"New England",
"Pacific",
"South Atlantic",
"West North Central",
"West South Central"),
pop=c(46798649,
18931477,
41601787,
23811346,
14757573,
52833604,
63991523,
21179519,
39500457))%>%
mutate(popProp=pop/323405935)
popDiv## DivName pop popProp
## 1 East North Central 46798649 0.14470560
## 2 East South Central 18931477 0.05853782
## 3 Middle Atlantic 41601787 0.12863644
## 4 Mountain 23811346 0.07362681
## 5 New England 14757573 0.04563173
## 6 Pacific 52833604 0.16336622
## 7 South Atlantic 63991523 0.19786750
## 8 West North Central 21179519 0.06548896
## 9 West South Central 39500457 0.12213894Hint 4: National Trends / Weighted Averages
- Join the population distribution website above with summarised Thanksgiving dataset (at the region/division level)
- Weight the proportions
- Compute the national level values
## Joining, by = "DivName"Hint 5: Differences
- Take the differences between the region level proportions and the national proportions
- Find the items that are MOST distributionate (ie have the largest difference)
Hint 6: Summarise to Region/Division Favorites
favorites<-divPie2%>%
select(DivName, favFlavor, favSide)%>%
mutate(DivName=paste(DivName, " Division", sep=""))
favorites## # A tibble: 10 x 3
## DivName favFlavor favSide
## <chr> <chr> <chr>
## 1 " Division" Coconut Salad
## 2 "East North Central Division" Pumpkin Rolls
## 3 "East South Central Division" Pecan Mac N Cheese
## 4 "Middle Atlantic Division" Apple Squash
## 5 "Mountain Division" Pecan Salad
## 6 "New England Division" Apple Squash
## 7 "Pacific Division" Cherry Salad
## 8 "South Atlantic Division" Sweet Potato Mac N Cheese
## 9 "West North Central Division" Pumpkin Green Beans
## 10 "West South Central Division" Pecan CornbreadHint 7: Import Map Package
#install.packages("usmap")
library(usmap)## Warning: package 'usmap' was built under R version 3.6.2states <- usmap::us_map()Hint 8: Join to Your Data
- You’re going to need a way to connect regions/divisions to states. You can use the file that I created from my github.
fips<-read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kitadasmalley/FA2020_DataViz/main/data/stateFIPS.csv",
header=TRUE)
geoPie<-fips%>%
left_join(favorites)## Joining, by = "DivName"foodStates<-states %>%
mutate(Name=full)%>%
left_join(geoPie)## Joining, by = "Name"Now use ggplot to create your graphic and polish! Voila!
- Hint:
geom_polygon
DON’T FORGET TO POLISH
This graphic is not complete yet! Thats up to you.