Raport_Stat

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library(ISLR)
set.seed(1)
train <- sample(392,196)
lm.fit <- lm(mpg~horsepower,data = Auto,subset = train)
attach(Auto)

## The following object is masked from Wage:
## 
##     year

## The following objects are masked from Auto (pos = 20):
## 
##     acceleration, cylinders, displacement, horsepower, mpg, name,
##     origin, weight, year

mean((mpg-predict(lm.fit,Auto))[-train]^2)

## [1] 23.26601

lm.fit2 <- lm(mpg~poly(horsepower,2),data = Auto,subset = train)
mean((mpg-predict(lm.fit2,Auto))[-train]^2)

## [1] 18.71646

lm.fit3 <- lm(mpg~poly(horsepower,3),data = Auto,subset = train)
mean((mpg-predict(lm.fit3,Auto))[-train]^2)

## [1] 18.79401

set.seed(2)
train <- sample(392,196)
lm.fit <- lm(mpg~horsepower,subset = train)
mean((mpg-predict(lm.fit,Auto))[-train]^2)

## [1] 25.72651

lm.fit2 <- lm(mpg~poly(horsepower,2),data = Auto,subset = train)
mean((mpg-predict(lm.fit2,Auto))[-train]^2)

## [1] 20.43036

lm.fit3 <- lm(mpg~poly(horsepower,3),data = Auto,subset = train)
mean((mpg-predict(lm.fit3,Auto))[-train]^2)

## [1] 20.38533

#перекрестная проверка
glm.fit <- glm(mpg~horsepower,data = Auto)
coef(glm.fit)

## (Intercept)  horsepower 
##  39.9358610  -0.1578447

library(boot)
glm.fit <-glm(mpg~horsepower,data = Auto)
cv.err <- cv.glm(Auto,glm.fit)
cv.err$delta

## [1] 24.23151 24.23114

cv.error <- rep(0,5)
for (i in 1:5) {
  glm.fit <- glm(mpg~poly(horsepower,i),data = Auto)
  cv.error[i] <- cv.glm(Auto,glm.fit)$delta[1]
}
cv.error

## [1] 24.23151 19.24821 19.33498 19.42443 19.03321

#к-кратная перекрестная проверка
set.seed(17)
cv.error.10 <- rep(0,10)
for (i in 1:10) {
  glm.fit <- glm(mpg~poly(horsepower,i),data = Auto)
  cv.error.10[i] <- cv.glm(Auto,glm.fit,K=10)$delta[1]
}
cv.error.10

##  [1] 24.27207 19.26909 19.34805 19.29496 19.03198 18.89781 19.12061 19.14666
##  [9] 18.87013 20.95520

#БУТСТРЕП (оценивание точности статистического параметра)
library(ISLR)
alpha.fn <- function(data,index){
  X <- data$X[index]
  Y <- data$Y[index]
  return((var(Y)-cov(X,Y))/(var(X)+var(Y)-2*cov(X,Y)))
}
alpha.fn(Portfolio,1:100)

## [1] 0.5758321

set.seed(1)
alpha.fn(Portfolio,sample(100,100,replace = TRUE))

## [1] 0.7368375

boot(Portfolio,alpha.fn,R=1000)

## 
## ORDINARY NONPARAMETRIC BOOTSTRAP
## 
## 
## Call:
## boot(data = Portfolio, statistic = alpha.fn, R = 1000)
## 
## 
## Bootstrap Statistics :
##      original       bias    std. error
## t1* 0.5758321 -0.001695873  0.09366347

boot(data = Portfolio,statistic=alpha.fn,R=1000)

## 
## ORDINARY NONPARAMETRIC BOOTSTRAP
## 
## 
## Call:
## boot(data = Portfolio, statistic = alpha.fn, R = 1000)
## 
## 
## Bootstrap Statistics :
##      original       bias    std. error
## t1* 0.5758321 -0.001539618  0.08846251

#БУТСТРЕП (оценивание точности линейной регрессионной модели)
boot.fn <- function(data,index){
  return(coef(lm(mpg~horsepower,data = data,sabset=index)))
}
set.seed(1)
boot.fn(Auto,sample(392,392,replace = TRUE))

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## (Intercept)  horsepower 
##  39.9358610  -0.1578447

boot.fn(Auto,sample(392,392,replace = TRUE))

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## (Intercept)  horsepower 
##  39.9358610  -0.1578447

boot(Auto,boot.fn,1000)

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
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## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## 
## ORDINARY NONPARAMETRIC BOOTSTRAP
## 
## 
## Call:
## boot(data = Auto, statistic = boot.fn, R = 1000)
## 
## 
## Bootstrap Statistics :
##       original  bias    std. error
## t1* 39.9358610       0           0
## t2* -0.1578447       0           0

boot(data = Auto,statistic=boot.fn,R=1000)

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## Warning: In lm.fit(x, y, offset = offset, singular.ok = singular.ok, ...) :
##  extra argument 'sabset' will be disregarded

## 
## ORDINARY NONPARAMETRIC BOOTSTRAP
## 
## 
## Call:
## boot(data = Auto, statistic = boot.fn, R = 1000)
## 
## 
## Bootstrap Statistics :
##       original  bias    std. error
## t1* 39.9358610       0           0
## t2* -0.1578447       0           0

#бутстреп-оценка и обычная оценка
boot.fn <- function(data,index)coefficients(lm(mpg~horsepower+I(horsepower^2),
                                               data = data,subset = index))
set.seed(1)
boot(Auto,boot.fn ,1000)

## 
## ORDINARY NONPARAMETRIC BOOTSTRAP
## 
## 
## Call:
## boot(data = Auto, statistic = boot.fn, R = 1000)
## 
## 
## Bootstrap Statistics :
##         original        bias     std. error
## t1* 56.900099702  3.511640e-02 2.0300222526
## t2* -0.466189630 -7.080834e-04 0.0324241984
## t3*  0.001230536  2.840324e-06 0.0001172164

boot(data = Auto,statistic=boot.fn,R=1000)

## 
## ORDINARY NONPARAMETRIC BOOTSTRAP
## 
## 
## Call:
## boot(data = Auto, statistic = boot.fn, R = 1000)
## 
## 
## Bootstrap Statistics :
##         original        bias     std. error
## t1* 56.900099702  1.045647e-01 2.1160081220
## t2* -0.466189630 -1.752234e-03 0.0337919265
## t3*  0.001230536  6.719741e-06 0.0001220203

summary(lm(mpg~horsepower+I(horsepower^2),data = Auto))$coef

##                     Estimate   Std. Error   t value      Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept)     56.900099702 1.8004268063  31.60367 1.740911e-109
## horsepower      -0.466189630 0.0311246171 -14.97816  2.289429e-40
## I(horsepower^2)  0.001230536 0.0001220759  10.08009  2.196340e-21

#отбор оптимального подмножества
library(ISLR)
fix(Hitters)
names(Hitters)

##  [1] "AtBat"     "Hits"      "HmRun"     "Runs"      "RBI"       "Walks"    
##  [7] "Years"     "CAtBat"    "CHits"     "CHmRun"    "CRuns"     "CRBI"     
## [13] "CWalks"    "League"    "Division"  "PutOuts"   "Assists"   "Errors"   
## [19] "Salary"    "NewLeague"

dim(Hitters)

## [1] 263  20

sum(is.na(Hitters$Salary))

## [1] 0

Hitters <- na.omit(Hitters)
dim(Hitters)

## [1] 263  20

sum(is.na(Hitters))

## [1] 0

library(leaps)
regfit.full <- regsubsets(Salary~.,Hitters)
summary(regfit.full)

## Subset selection object
## Call: regsubsets.formula(Salary ~ ., Hitters)
## 19 Variables  (and intercept)
##            Forced in Forced out
## AtBat          FALSE      FALSE
## Hits           FALSE      FALSE
## HmRun          FALSE      FALSE
## Runs           FALSE      FALSE
## RBI            FALSE      FALSE
## Walks          FALSE      FALSE
## Years          FALSE      FALSE
## CAtBat         FALSE      FALSE
## CHits          FALSE      FALSE
## CHmRun         FALSE      FALSE
## CRuns          FALSE      FALSE
## CRBI           FALSE      FALSE
## CWalks         FALSE      FALSE
## LeagueN        FALSE      FALSE
## DivisionW      FALSE      FALSE
## PutOuts        FALSE      FALSE
## Assists        FALSE      FALSE
## Errors         FALSE      FALSE
## NewLeagueN     FALSE      FALSE
## 1 subsets of each size up to 8
## Selection Algorithm: exhaustive
##          AtBat Hits HmRun Runs RBI Walks Years CAtBat CHits CHmRun CRuns CRBI
## 1  ( 1 ) " "   " "  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 2  ( 1 ) " "   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 3  ( 1 ) " "   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 4  ( 1 ) " "   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 5  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 6  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 7  ( 1 ) " "   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   "*"    "*"   "*"    " "   " " 
## 8  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   " "    " "   "*"    "*"   " " 
##          CWalks LeagueN DivisionW PutOuts Assists Errors NewLeagueN
## 1  ( 1 ) " "    " "     " "       " "     " "     " "    " "       
## 2  ( 1 ) " "    " "     " "       " "     " "     " "    " "       
## 3  ( 1 ) " "    " "     " "       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 4  ( 1 ) " "    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 5  ( 1 ) " "    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 6  ( 1 ) " "    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 7  ( 1 ) " "    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 8  ( 1 ) "*"    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "

regfit.full <- regsubsets(Salary~.,data = Hitters,nvmax = 19)
reg.summary <- summary(regfit.full)
names(reg.summary)

## [1] "which"  "rsq"    "rss"    "adjr2"  "cp"     "bic"    "outmat" "obj"

reg.summary$rsq

##  [1] 0.3214501 0.4252237 0.4514294 0.4754067 0.4908036 0.5087146 0.5141227
##  [8] 0.5285569 0.5346124 0.5404950 0.5426153 0.5436302 0.5444570 0.5452164
## [15] 0.5454692 0.5457656 0.5459518 0.5460945 0.5461159

par(mfrow=c(2,2))
plot(reg.summary$rss,xlab = "Number of Variables",
     ylab = "RSS",type = "p")
plot(reg.summary$adjr2,xlab = "Number of Variables",
     ylab = "adjr2",type = "p")
which.max(reg.summary$adjr2)

## [1] 11

points(11,reg.summary$adjr2[11],col="red",cex=2,pch=20)
plot(reg.summary$cp,xlab = "Number of Variables",
     ylab = "Cp",type = "p")
which.min(reg.summary$cp)

## [1] 10

points(10,reg.summary$cp[10],col="red",cex=2,pch=20)
which.min(reg.summary$bic)

## [1] 6

plot(reg.summary$bic,xlab = "Number of Variables",
     ylab = "BIC",type = "p")
points(6,reg.summary$bic[6],col="red",cex=2,pch=20)

#plot(regfit.full,scale = "r2")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
#plot(regfit.full,scale = "adjr2")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
#plot(regfit.full,scale = "Cp")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
#plot(regfit.full,scale = "bic")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
coef(regfit.full,6)

##  (Intercept)        AtBat         Hits        Walks         CRBI    DivisionW 
##   91.5117981   -1.8685892    7.6043976    3.6976468    0.6430169 -122.9515338 
##      PutOuts 
##    0.2643076

#отбор путем пошагового включения ти исключения переменных
par(mfrow = c(2,2))
#plot(reg.summary$rss,xlab = "N of V",ylab = "rss",type = "l")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
#plot(reg.summary$adjr2,xlab = "N of V",ylab = "adjr2",type = "l")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
which.max(reg.summary$adjr2)

## [1] 11

#points(11,reg.summary$adjr2[11],col="red",cex=2,pch=20)#Error in plot.xy(xy.coords(x, y), type = type, ...) : invalid graphics state
#plot(reg.summary$cp,xlab = "N of V",ylab = "cp",type = "l")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
which.min(reg.summary$cp)

## [1] 10

#points(10,reg.summary$cp[10],col="red",cex=2,pch=20)#Error in plot.xy(xy.coords(x, y), type = type, ...) : invalid graphics state
which.min(reg.summary$bic)

## [1] 6

#plot(reg.summary$bic,xlab = "N of V",ylab = "bic",type = "l")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
#points(6,reg.summary$bic[6],col="red",cex=2,pch=20)#Error in plot.xy(xy.coords(x, y), type = type, ...) : invalid graphics state
#plot(regfit.full,scale = "r2")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
#plot(regfit.full,scale = "adjr2")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
#plot(regfit.full,scale = "cp")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
#plot(regfit.full,scale = "bic")#Error in plot.new() : figure margins too large
coef(regfit.full,6)

##  (Intercept)        AtBat         Hits        Walks         CRBI    DivisionW 
##   91.5117981   -1.8685892    7.6043976    3.6976468    0.6430169 -122.9515338 
##      PutOuts 
##    0.2643076

#отбор пошагового включения и сключения переменных
regfit.fwd <- regsubsets(Salary~.,data = Hitters,nvmax = 19,method = "forward")
summary(regfit.fwd)

## Subset selection object
## Call: regsubsets.formula(Salary ~ ., data = Hitters, nvmax = 19, method = "forward")
## 19 Variables  (and intercept)
##            Forced in Forced out
## AtBat          FALSE      FALSE
## Hits           FALSE      FALSE
## HmRun          FALSE      FALSE
## Runs           FALSE      FALSE
## RBI            FALSE      FALSE
## Walks          FALSE      FALSE
## Years          FALSE      FALSE
## CAtBat         FALSE      FALSE
## CHits          FALSE      FALSE
## CHmRun         FALSE      FALSE
## CRuns          FALSE      FALSE
## CRBI           FALSE      FALSE
## CWalks         FALSE      FALSE
## LeagueN        FALSE      FALSE
## DivisionW      FALSE      FALSE
## PutOuts        FALSE      FALSE
## Assists        FALSE      FALSE
## Errors         FALSE      FALSE
## NewLeagueN     FALSE      FALSE
## 1 subsets of each size up to 19
## Selection Algorithm: forward
##           AtBat Hits HmRun Runs RBI Walks Years CAtBat CHits CHmRun CRuns CRBI
## 1  ( 1 )  " "   " "  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 2  ( 1 )  " "   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 3  ( 1 )  " "   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 4  ( 1 )  " "   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 5  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 6  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 7  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   " "    " "   " "    " "   "*" 
## 8  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   " "    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 9  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 10  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 11  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 12  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   "*"  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 13  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   "*"  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 14  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 15  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  " " "*"   " "   "*"    "*"   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 16  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  "*" "*"   " "   "*"    "*"   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 17  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  "*" "*"   " "   "*"    "*"   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 18  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  "*" "*"   "*"   "*"    "*"   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 19  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  "*" "*"   "*"   "*"    "*"   "*"    "*"   "*" 
##           CWalks LeagueN DivisionW PutOuts Assists Errors NewLeagueN
## 1  ( 1 )  " "    " "     " "       " "     " "     " "    " "       
## 2  ( 1 )  " "    " "     " "       " "     " "     " "    " "       
## 3  ( 1 )  " "    " "     " "       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 4  ( 1 )  " "    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 5  ( 1 )  " "    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 6  ( 1 )  " "    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 7  ( 1 )  "*"    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 8  ( 1 )  "*"    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 9  ( 1 )  "*"    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 10  ( 1 ) "*"    " "     "*"       "*"     "*"     " "    " "       
## 11  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     " "    " "       
## 12  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     " "    " "       
## 13  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    " "       
## 14  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    " "       
## 15  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    " "       
## 16  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    " "       
## 17  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    "*"       
## 18  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    "*"       
## 19  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    "*"

regfit.bwd <- regsubsets(Salary~.,data = Hitters,nvmax = 19,method = "backward")
summary(regfit.bwd)

## Subset selection object
## Call: regsubsets.formula(Salary ~ ., data = Hitters, nvmax = 19, method = "backward")
## 19 Variables  (and intercept)
##            Forced in Forced out
## AtBat          FALSE      FALSE
## Hits           FALSE      FALSE
## HmRun          FALSE      FALSE
## Runs           FALSE      FALSE
## RBI            FALSE      FALSE
## Walks          FALSE      FALSE
## Years          FALSE      FALSE
## CAtBat         FALSE      FALSE
## CHits          FALSE      FALSE
## CHmRun         FALSE      FALSE
## CRuns          FALSE      FALSE
## CRBI           FALSE      FALSE
## CWalks         FALSE      FALSE
## LeagueN        FALSE      FALSE
## DivisionW      FALSE      FALSE
## PutOuts        FALSE      FALSE
## Assists        FALSE      FALSE
## Errors         FALSE      FALSE
## NewLeagueN     FALSE      FALSE
## 1 subsets of each size up to 19
## Selection Algorithm: backward
##           AtBat Hits HmRun Runs RBI Walks Years CAtBat CHits CHmRun CRuns CRBI
## 1  ( 1 )  " "   " "  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    "*"   " " 
## 2  ( 1 )  " "   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    "*"   " " 
## 3  ( 1 )  " "   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    "*"   " " 
## 4  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " " "   " "   " "    " "   " "    "*"   " " 
## 5  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   " "    " "   " "    "*"   " " 
## 6  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   " "    " "   " "    "*"   " " 
## 7  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   " "    " "   " "    "*"   " " 
## 8  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   " "    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 9  ( 1 )  "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 10  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 11  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   " "  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 12  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   "*"  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 13  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  " "   "*"  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 14  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  " " "*"   " "   "*"    " "   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 15  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  " " "*"   " "   "*"    "*"   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 16  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  "*" "*"   " "   "*"    "*"   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 17  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  "*" "*"   " "   "*"    "*"   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 18  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  "*" "*"   "*"   "*"    "*"   " "    "*"   "*" 
## 19  ( 1 ) "*"   "*"  "*"   "*"  "*" "*"   "*"   "*"    "*"   "*"    "*"   "*" 
##           CWalks LeagueN DivisionW PutOuts Assists Errors NewLeagueN
## 1  ( 1 )  " "    " "     " "       " "     " "     " "    " "       
## 2  ( 1 )  " "    " "     " "       " "     " "     " "    " "       
## 3  ( 1 )  " "    " "     " "       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 4  ( 1 )  " "    " "     " "       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 5  ( 1 )  " "    " "     " "       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 6  ( 1 )  " "    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 7  ( 1 )  "*"    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 8  ( 1 )  "*"    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 9  ( 1 )  "*"    " "     "*"       "*"     " "     " "    " "       
## 10  ( 1 ) "*"    " "     "*"       "*"     "*"     " "    " "       
## 11  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     " "    " "       
## 12  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     " "    " "       
## 13  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    " "       
## 14  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    " "       
## 15  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    " "       
## 16  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    " "       
## 17  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    "*"       
## 18  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    "*"       
## 19  ( 1 ) "*"    "*"     "*"       "*"     "*"     "*"    "*"

coef(regfit.full,7)

##  (Intercept)         Hits        Walks       CAtBat        CHits       CHmRun 
##   79.4509472    1.2833513    3.2274264   -0.3752350    1.4957073    1.4420538 
##    DivisionW      PutOuts 
## -129.9866432    0.2366813

coef(regfit.fwd,7)

##  (Intercept)        AtBat         Hits        Walks         CRBI       CWalks 
##  109.7873062   -1.9588851    7.4498772    4.9131401    0.8537622   -0.3053070 
##    DivisionW      PutOuts 
## -127.1223928    0.2533404

coef(regfit.bwd,7)

##  (Intercept)        AtBat         Hits        Walks        CRuns       CWalks 
##  105.6487488   -1.9762838    6.7574914    6.0558691    1.1293095   -0.7163346 
##    DivisionW      PutOuts 
## -116.1692169    0.3028847

#нахождение оптимальной модели при помощи методов проверочной выборки и перекрестной проверке
set.seed(1)
train <- sample(c(TRUE,FALSE),nrow(Hitters),rep=TRUE)
test <- (!train)
regfit.best <- regsubsets(Salary~.,data = Hitters[train,],nvmax = 19)
test.mat <- model.matrix(Salary~.,data = Hitters[test,])
val.errors <- rep(NA,19)
for (i in 1:19) {
  coefi <- coef(regfit.best,id=i)
  pred <- test.mat[,names(coefi)]%*%coefi
  val.errors[i] <- mean((Hitters$Salary[test]- pred)^2)
  }
val.errors

##  [1] 164377.3 144405.5 152175.7 145198.4 137902.1 139175.7 126849.0 136191.4
##  [9] 132889.6 135434.9 136963.3 140694.9 140690.9 141951.2 141508.2 142164.4
## [17] 141767.4 142339.6 142238.2

which.min(val.errors)

## [1] 7

coef(regfit.best,10)

##  (Intercept)        AtBat         Hits        HmRun        Walks       CAtBat 
##   71.8074075   -1.5038124    5.9130470  -11.5241809    8.4349759   -0.1654850 
##        CRuns         CRBI       CWalks    DivisionW      PutOuts 
##    1.7064330    0.7903694   -0.9107515 -109.5616997    0.2426078

predict.regsabsets <- function(object,newdata,id,...){
  form <- as.formula(object$call[[2]])
  mat <- model.matrix(form,newdata)
  coefi <- coef(object,id=id)
  xvars <- names(coefi)
  mat[,xvars]%*%coefi
}
regfit.best <- regsubsets(Salary~.,data = Hitters[train,],nvmax = 19)
coef(regfit.best,10)

##  (Intercept)        AtBat         Hits        HmRun        Walks       CAtBat 
##   71.8074075   -1.5038124    5.9130470  -11.5241809    8.4349759   -0.1654850 
##        CRuns         CRBI       CWalks    DivisionW      PutOuts 
##    1.7064330    0.7903694   -0.9107515 -109.5616997    0.2426078

#Error in UseMethod("predict") :no applicable method for 'predict' applied to an object of class "regsubsets"
#k <- 10
#set.seed(1)
#folds <- sample(1:k,nrow(Hitters),replace = TRUE)
#cv.errors <- matrix(NA,k,19,dimnames = list(NULL,paste(1:19)))
#for (j in 1:k) {
  #best.fit <- regsubsets(Salary~.,data = Hitters[folds !=j,],
  #                       nvmax = 19)
 # for (i in 1:19) {
 #   pred <- predict(best.fit,Hitters[folds==j,],id=i)
 #   cv.errors[j,i] <- mean((Hitters$Salary[folds==j]-pred)^2)
 # }
#}
#mean.cv.errors <- apply(cv.errors, 2,mean)
#mean.cv.errors
#par(mfrow=c(1,1))
#plot(mean.cv.errors,type = "b")#Error in plot.window(...) : need finite 'ylim' values In addition: Warning messages:  1: In min(x) : no non-missing arguments to min; returning Inf2: In max(x) : no non-missing arguments to max; returning -Inf
#гребневая регресия
library(glmnet)
library(ISLR)
x <- model.matrix(Salary~.,Hitters)[,-1]
y <- Hitters$Salary
grid <- 10^seq(10,-2,length=100)#Ошибка в glmnet (x, y, alpha = 0, lambda = grid):количество наблюдений в y (322) не равно количеству строк x (263)
ridge.mod <- glmnet(x,y,alpha = 0,lambda = grid)
dim(coef(ridge.mod))

## [1]  20 100

ridge.mod$lambda[50]

## [1] 11497.57

coef(ridge.mod)[,50]

##   (Intercept)         AtBat          Hits         HmRun          Runs 
## 407.356050200   0.036957182   0.138180344   0.524629976   0.230701523 
##           RBI         Walks         Years        CAtBat         CHits 
##   0.239841459   0.289618741   1.107702929   0.003131815   0.011653637 
##        CHmRun         CRuns          CRBI        CWalks       LeagueN 
##   0.087545670   0.023379882   0.024138320   0.025015421   0.085028114 
##     DivisionW       PutOuts       Assists        Errors    NewLeagueN 
##  -6.215440973   0.016482577   0.002612988  -0.020502690   0.301433531

sqrt(sum(coef(ridge.mod)[-1,50]^2))

## [1] 6.360612

ridge.mod$lambda[50]

## [1] 11497.57

ridge.mod$lambda[50]

## [1] 11497.57

coef(ridge.mod)[,50]

##   (Intercept)         AtBat          Hits         HmRun          Runs 
## 407.356050200   0.036957182   0.138180344   0.524629976   0.230701523 
##           RBI         Walks         Years        CAtBat         CHits 
##   0.239841459   0.289618741   1.107702929   0.003131815   0.011653637 
##        CHmRun         CRuns          CRBI        CWalks       LeagueN 
##   0.087545670   0.023379882   0.024138320   0.025015421   0.085028114 
##     DivisionW       PutOuts       Assists        Errors    NewLeagueN 
##  -6.215440973   0.016482577   0.002612988  -0.020502690   0.301433531

sqrt(sum(coef(ridge.mod)[-1,60]^2))

## [1] 57.11001

predict(ridge.mod,s=50,type="coefficients")[1:20]

##  [1]  4.876610e+01 -3.580999e-01  1.969359e+00 -1.278248e+00  1.145892e+00
##  [6]  8.038292e-01  2.716186e+00 -6.218319e+00  5.447837e-03  1.064895e-01
## [11]  6.244860e-01  2.214985e-01  2.186914e-01 -1.500245e-01  4.592589e+01
## [16] -1.182011e+02  2.502322e-01  1.215665e-01 -3.278600e+00 -9.496680e+00

set.seed(1)
train <- sample(1:nrow(x),nrow(x)/2)
test <- (-train)
y.test <- y[test]
ridge.mod <- glmnet(x[train,],y[train],alpha = 0,lambda = grid,thresh = 1e-12)
ridge.pred <- predict(ridge.mod,s=4,newx=x[test,])
mean((ridge.pred-y.test)^2)

## [1] 142199.2

mean((mean(y[train])-y.test)^2)

## [1] 224669.9

ridge.pred <- predict(ridge.mod,s=1e10,newx=x[test,])
mean((ridge.pred-y.test)^2)

## [1] 224669.8

#ridge.pred <- predict(ridge.mod,s=0,newx=x[test,],exact=TRUE)#Ошибка: использовалось coef.glmnet () или pred.glmnet () с ʻexact = TRUE`, поэтому необходимо дополнительно указать исходные аргументы x и y, чтобы безопасно перезапустить glmnet
mean((ridge.pred-y.test)^2)

## [1] 224669.8

lm(y~x,subset = train)

## 
## Call:
## lm(formula = y ~ x, subset = train)
## 
## Coefficients:
## (Intercept)       xAtBat        xHits       xHmRun        xRuns         xRBI  
##    274.0145      -0.3521      -1.6377       5.8145       1.5424       1.1243  
##      xWalks       xYears      xCAtBat       xCHits      xCHmRun       xCRuns  
##      3.7287     -16.3773      -0.6412       3.1632       3.4008      -0.9739  
##       xCRBI      xCWalks     xLeagueN   xDivisionW     xPutOuts     xAssists  
##     -0.6005       0.3379     119.1486    -144.0831       0.1976       0.6804  
##     xErrors  xNewLeagueN  
##     -4.7128     -71.0951

#predict(ridge.mod,s=0,exact=TRUE,type="coefficients")[1:20,]#Ошибка: использовалось coef.glmnet () или pred.glmnet () с ʻexact = TRUE`, поэтому необходимо дополнительно указать исходные аргументы x и y, чтобы безопасно перезапустить glmnet
set.seed(1)
cv.out <- cv.glmnet(x[train,],y[train],alpha=0)
plot(cv.out)
bestlam <- cv.out$lambda.min
bestlam

## [1] 326.0828

ridge.pred <- predict(ridge.mod,s=bestlam,newx=x[test,])
mean((ridge.pred-y.test)^2)

## [1] 139856.6

out <- glmnet(x,y,alpha = 0)
predict(out,type="coefficients",s=bestlam)[1:20]

##  [1]  15.44383135   0.07715547   0.85911581   0.60103107   1.06369007
##  [6]   0.87936105   1.62444616   1.35254780   0.01134999   0.05746654
## [11]   0.40680157   0.11456224   0.12116504   0.05299202  22.09143189
## [16] -79.04032637   0.16619903   0.02941950  -1.36092945   9.12487767

#ЛАССО
lasso.mod <- glmnet(x[train,],y[train],alpha = 1,lambda = grid)
plot(lasso.mod)

## Warning in regularize.values(x, y, ties, missing(ties)): collapsing to unique
## 'x' values

cv.out <- cv.glmnet(x[train,],y[train],alpha=1)
plot(cv.out)
bestlam <- cv.out$lambda.min
bestlam

## [1] 5.832478

lasso.pred <- predict(lasso.mod,s=bestlam,newx=x[test,])
mean((lasso.pred-y.test)^2)

## [1] 144457.3

out <- glmnet(x,y,alpha = 1,lambda = grid)
lasso.coef <- predict(out,type = "coefficients",s=bestlam)[1:20,]
lasso.coef

##   (Intercept)         AtBat          Hits         HmRun          Runs 
##   48.80107051   -0.67774237    3.75024484    0.00000000    0.00000000 
##           RBI         Walks         Years        CAtBat         CHits 
##    0.00000000    3.14969177   -4.59912214    0.00000000    0.00000000 
##        CHmRun         CRuns          CRBI        CWalks       LeagueN 
##    0.16726718    0.37005850    0.41962226   -0.16768313   26.82180577 
##     DivisionW       PutOuts       Assists        Errors    NewLeagueN 
## -118.53979587    0.24922460    0.01431651   -0.72474528    0.00000000

lasso.coef[lasso.coef!=0]

##   (Intercept)         AtBat          Hits         Walks         Years 
##   48.80107051   -0.67774237    3.75024484    3.14969177   -4.59912214 
##        CHmRun         CRuns          CRBI        CWalks       LeagueN 
##    0.16726718    0.37005850    0.41962226   -0.16768313   26.82180577 
##     DivisionW       PutOuts       Assists        Errors 
## -118.53979587    0.24922460    0.01431651   -0.72474528

#регрессия на главные компоненты (PCR)
library(pls)
set.seed(2)
pcr.fit <- pcr(Salary~.,data = Hitters,scale=TRUE,validation="CV")
summary(pcr.fit)

## Data:    X dimension: 263 19 
##  Y dimension: 263 1
## Fit method: svdpc
## Number of components considered: 19
## 
## VALIDATION: RMSEP
## Cross-validated using 10 random segments.
##        (Intercept)  1 comps  2 comps  3 comps  4 comps  5 comps  6 comps
## CV             452    351.9    353.2    355.0    352.8    348.4    343.6
## adjCV          452    351.6    352.7    354.4    352.1    347.6    342.7
##        7 comps  8 comps  9 comps  10 comps  11 comps  12 comps  13 comps
## CV       345.5    347.7    349.6     351.4     352.1     353.5     358.2
## adjCV    344.7    346.7    348.5     350.1     350.7     352.0     356.5
##        14 comps  15 comps  16 comps  17 comps  18 comps  19 comps
## CV        349.7     349.4     339.9     341.6     339.2     339.6
## adjCV     348.0     347.7     338.2     339.7     337.2     337.6
## 
## TRAINING: % variance explained
##         1 comps  2 comps  3 comps  4 comps  5 comps  6 comps  7 comps  8 comps
## X         38.31    60.16    70.84    79.03    84.29    88.63    92.26    94.96
## Salary    40.63    41.58    42.17    43.22    44.90    46.48    46.69    46.75
##         9 comps  10 comps  11 comps  12 comps  13 comps  14 comps  15 comps
## X         96.28     97.26     97.98     98.65     99.15     99.47     99.75
## Salary    46.86     47.76     47.82     47.85     48.10     50.40     50.55
##         16 comps  17 comps  18 comps  19 comps
## X          99.89     99.97     99.99    100.00
## Salary     53.01     53.85     54.61     54.61

validationplot(pcr.fit,val.type = "MSEP")

set.seed(1)
pcr.fit <- pcr(Salary~.,data = Hitters,subset=train, scale=TRUE,validation="CV")
validationplot(pcr.fit,val.type = "MSEP")
pcr.pred <- predict(pcr.fit,x[test,],ncomp = 7)
mean((pcr.pred-y.test)^2)

## [1] 140751.3

pcr.fit <- pcr(y~x,scale=TRUE,ncomp=7)
summary(pcr.fit)

## Data:    X dimension: 263 19 
##  Y dimension: 263 1
## Fit method: svdpc
## Number of components considered: 7
## TRAINING: % variance explained
##    1 comps  2 comps  3 comps  4 comps  5 comps  6 comps  7 comps
## X    38.31    60.16    70.84    79.03    84.29    88.63    92.26
## y    40.63    41.58    42.17    43.22    44.90    46.48    46.69

#регрессия по  методу частных наименьших квадратов (PLS)
set.seed(1)
pls.fit <- plsr(Salary~.,data = Hitters,subset=train, scale=TRUE,validation="CV")
summary(pls.fit)

## Data:    X dimension: 131 19 
##  Y dimension: 131 1
## Fit method: kernelpls
## Number of components considered: 19
## 
## VALIDATION: RMSEP
## Cross-validated using 10 random segments.
##        (Intercept)  1 comps  2 comps  3 comps  4 comps  5 comps  6 comps
## CV           428.3    325.5    329.9    328.8    339.0    338.9    340.1
## adjCV        428.3    325.0    328.2    327.2    336.6    336.1    336.6
##        7 comps  8 comps  9 comps  10 comps  11 comps  12 comps  13 comps
## CV       339.0    347.1    346.4     343.4     341.5     345.4     356.4
## adjCV    336.2    343.4    342.8     340.2     338.3     341.8     351.1
##        14 comps  15 comps  16 comps  17 comps  18 comps  19 comps
## CV        348.4     349.1     350.0     344.2     344.5     345.0
## adjCV     344.2     345.0     345.9     340.4     340.6     341.1
## 
## TRAINING: % variance explained
##         1 comps  2 comps  3 comps  4 comps  5 comps  6 comps  7 comps  8 comps
## X         39.13    48.80    60.09    75.07    78.58    81.12    88.21    90.71
## Salary    46.36    50.72    52.23    53.03    54.07    54.77    55.05    55.66
##         9 comps  10 comps  11 comps  12 comps  13 comps  14 comps  15 comps
## X         93.17     96.05     97.08     97.61     97.97     98.70     99.12
## Salary    55.95     56.12     56.47     56.68     57.37     57.76     58.08
##         16 comps  17 comps  18 comps  19 comps
## X          99.61     99.70     99.95    100.00
## Salary     58.17     58.49     58.56     58.62

validationplot(pls.fit,val.type = "MSEP")
pls.pred <- predict(pls.fit,x[test,],ncomp = 2)
mean((pls.pred-y.test)^2)

## [1] 145367.7

pls.fit <-plsr(Salary~.,data = Hitters,scale=TRUE,ncop=2)
summary(pls.fit)

## Data:    X dimension: 263 19 
##  Y dimension: 263 1
## Fit method: kernelpls
## Number of components considered: 19
## TRAINING: % variance explained
##         1 comps  2 comps  3 comps  4 comps  5 comps  6 comps  7 comps  8 comps
## X         38.08    51.03    65.98    73.93    78.63    84.26    88.17    90.12
## Salary    43.05    46.40    47.72    48.71    50.53    51.66    52.34    53.26
##         9 comps  10 comps  11 comps  12 comps  13 comps  14 comps  15 comps
## X         92.92     95.00     96.68     97.68     98.22     98.55     98.98
## Salary    53.52     53.77     54.04     54.20     54.32     54.47     54.54
##         16 comps  17 comps  18 comps  19 comps
## X          99.24     99.71     99.99    100.00
## Salary     54.59     54.61     54.61     54.61

#полиномная регрессия и ступенчатые функции
library(ISLR)
attach(Wage)

## The following object is masked from Auto (pos = 3):
## 
##     year

## The following objects are masked from Wage (pos = 15):
## 
##     age, education, health, health_ins, jobclass, logwage, maritl,
##     race, region, wage, year

## The following object is masked from Auto (pos = 21):
## 
##     year

fix(Wage)
fit <- lm(wage~poly(age,4),data = Wage)
coef(summary(fit))

##                 Estimate Std. Error    t value     Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept)    111.70361  0.7287409 153.283015 0.000000e+00
## poly(age, 4)1  447.06785 39.9147851  11.200558 1.484604e-28
## poly(age, 4)2 -478.31581 39.9147851 -11.983424 2.355831e-32
## poly(age, 4)3  125.52169 39.9147851   3.144742 1.678622e-03
## poly(age, 4)4  -77.91118 39.9147851  -1.951938 5.103865e-02

fit2 <- lm(wage~poly(age,4,raw=TRUE),data = Wage)
coef(summary(fit2))

##                                Estimate   Std. Error   t value     Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept)               -1.841542e+02 6.004038e+01 -3.067172 0.0021802539
## poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)1  2.124552e+01 5.886748e+00  3.609042 0.0003123618
## poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)2 -5.638593e-01 2.061083e-01 -2.735743 0.0062606446
## poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)3  6.810688e-03 3.065931e-03  2.221409 0.0263977518
## poly(age, 4, raw = TRUE)4 -3.203830e-05 1.641359e-05 -1.951938 0.0510386498

fit2a <- lm(wage~age+I(age^2)+I(age^3)+I(age^4),data = Wage)
coef(summary(fit2a))

##                  Estimate   Std. Error   t value     Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -1.841542e+02 6.004038e+01 -3.067172 0.0021802539
## age          2.124552e+01 5.886748e+00  3.609042 0.0003123618
## I(age^2)    -5.638593e-01 2.061083e-01 -2.735743 0.0062606446
## I(age^3)     6.810688e-03 3.065931e-03  2.221409 0.0263977518
## I(age^4)    -3.203830e-05 1.641359e-05 -1.951938 0.0510386498

fit2b <- lm(wage~cbind(age,age^2,age^3,age^4),data = Wage)
agelims <- range(age)
age.grid <- seq(from=agelims[1],to=agelims[2])
preds <- predict(fit,newdata = list(age=age.grid),se=TRUE)
se.bands <- cbind(preds$fit+2*preds$se.fit,
                  preds$fit-2*preds$se.fit)
par(mfrow=c(1,2),mar=c(4.5,4.5,1,1),
    oma=c(0,0,4,0))

plot(age,wage,xlim = agelims,cex=.5,col="darkgrey")
title("Degree-4 Polynomial",outer = TRUE)
lines(age.grid,preds$fit,lwd=2,col="blue")
matlines(age.grid,se.bands,lwd = 1,col = "blue",lty = 3)
preds2 <- predict(fit2,newdata = list(age=age.grid),se=TRUE)
max(abs(preds$fit-preds2$fit))

## [1] 7.81597e-11

fit.1 <- lm(wage~age,data = Wage)
fit.2 <- lm(wage~poly(age,2),data = Wage)
fit.3 <- lm(wage~poly(age,3),data = Wage)
fit.4 <- lm(wage~poly(age,4),data = Wage)
fit.5 <- lm(wage~poly(age,5),data = Wage)
anova(fit.1,fit.2,fit.3,fit.4,fit.5)

## Analysis of Variance Table
## 
## Model 1: wage ~ age
## Model 2: wage ~ poly(age, 2)
## Model 3: wage ~ poly(age, 3)
## Model 4: wage ~ poly(age, 4)
## Model 5: wage ~ poly(age, 5)
##   Res.Df     RSS Df Sum of Sq        F    Pr(>F)    
## 1   2998 5022216                                    
## 2   2997 4793430  1    228786 143.5931 < 2.2e-16 ***
## 3   2996 4777674  1     15756   9.8888  0.001679 ** 
## 4   2995 4771604  1      6070   3.8098  0.051046 .  
## 5   2994 4770322  1      1283   0.8050  0.369682    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

coef(summary(fit.5))

##                 Estimate Std. Error     t value     Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept)    111.70361  0.7287647 153.2780243 0.000000e+00
## poly(age, 5)1  447.06785 39.9160847  11.2001930 1.491111e-28
## poly(age, 5)2 -478.31581 39.9160847 -11.9830341 2.367734e-32
## poly(age, 5)3  125.52169 39.9160847   3.1446392 1.679213e-03
## poly(age, 5)4  -77.91118 39.9160847  -1.9518743 5.104623e-02
## poly(age, 5)5  -35.81289 39.9160847  -0.8972045 3.696820e-01

(-11.983)^2

## [1] 143.5923

fit.1 <- lm(wage~education+age,data = Wage)
fit.2 <- lm(wage~education+poly(age,2),data = Wage)
fit.3 <- lm(wage~education+poly(age,3),data = Wage)
anova(fit.1,fit.2,fit.3)

## Analysis of Variance Table
## 
## Model 1: wage ~ education + age
## Model 2: wage ~ education + poly(age, 2)
## Model 3: wage ~ education + poly(age, 3)
##   Res.Df     RSS Df Sum of Sq        F Pr(>F)    
## 1   2994 3867992                                 
## 2   2993 3725395  1    142597 114.6969 <2e-16 ***
## 3   2992 3719809  1      5587   4.4936 0.0341 *  
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

fit <- glm(I(wage>250)~poly(age,4),
           data = Wage,family = binomial)
preds <- predict(fit,newdata = list(age=age.grid),se=TRUE)
pfit <- exp(preds$fit)/(1+exp(preds$fit))
se.bands.logit <- cbind(preds$fit+2*preds$se.fit,
                        preds$fit-2*preds$se.fit)
se.bands <- exp(se.bands.logit)/(1+exp(se.bands.logit))
preds <- predict(fit,newdata = list(age=age.grid),type = "response",ce=TRUE)
plot(age,I(wage>250),xlim = agelims,
     type = "n",ylim = c(0,2))
points(jitter(age),I((wage>250)/5),cex=.5,
       pch="|",col="darkgrey")
lines(age.grid,pfit,lwd=2,col="blue")
matlines(age.grid,se.bands,lwd = 1,col = "blue",lty = 3)

table(cut(age,4))

## 
## (17.9,33.5]   (33.5,49]   (49,64.5] (64.5,80.1] 
##         750        1399         779          72

fit <- lm(wage~cut(age,4),data = Wage)
coef(summary(fit))

##                         Estimate Std. Error   t value     Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept)            94.158392   1.476069 63.789970 0.000000e+00
## cut(age, 4)(33.5,49]   24.053491   1.829431 13.148074 1.982315e-38
## cut(age, 4)(49,64.5]   23.664559   2.067958 11.443444 1.040750e-29
## cut(age, 4)(64.5,80.1]  7.640592   4.987424  1.531972 1.256350e-01

#сплайны
library(splines)
fit <- lm(wage~bs(age,knots = c(25,40,60)),data = Wage)
pred <- predict(fit,newdata=list(age=age.grid),se=TRUE)
plot(age,wage,col="gray")
lines(age.grid,pred$fit,lwd=2)
lines(age.grid,pred$fit+2*pred$se,lty="dashed")
lines(age.grid,pred$fit-2*pred$se,lty="dashed")     
attr(bs(age,df=6),"knots")

##   25%   50%   75% 
## 33.75 42.00 51.00

fit2 <- lm(wage~ns(age,df=4),data = Wage)
pred2 <- predict(fit2,newdata = list(age=age.grid),se=TRUE)
lines(age.grid,pred2$fit,col="red",lwd=2)
plot(age,wage,xlim = agelims,cex=.5,col="darkgrey")
title("Smoothing Spline")
fit <- smooth.spline(age,wage,df=16)
fit2 <-smooth.spline(age,wage,cv=TRUE)

## Warning in smooth.spline(age, wage, cv = TRUE): cross-validation with non-unique
## 'x' values seems doubtful

fit2$df

## [1] 6.794596

lines(fit,col="red",lwd=2)
lines(fit2,col="blue",lwd=2)
legend("topright",legend = c("16 DF","6.8 DF"),
       col=c("red","blue"),lty=1,lwd=2,cex=.8)

plot(age,wage,xlim = agelims,cex=.5,col="darkgrey")
title("Local Regression")
fit <- loess(wage~age,span = .2,data = Wage)
fit2 <- loess(wage~age,span = .5,data = Wage)
lines(age.grid,predict(fit,data.frame(age=age.grid)),
      col="red",lwd=2)
lines(age.grid,predict(fit2,data.frame(age=age.grid)),
      col="blue",lwd=2)
legend("topright",legend = c("Spane=0.2","Spane=0.5"),
       col=c("red","blue"),lty=1,lwd=2,cex=.8)
#GAM
gam1 <- lm(wage~ns(year,4)+ns(age,5)+education,data = Wage)
library(gam)
gam.m3 <- gam(wage~s(year,4)+s(age,5)+
                education,data = Wage)

## Warning in model.matrix.default(mt, mf, contrasts): non-list contrasts argument
## ignored

par(mfrow=c(1,3))

plot(gam.m3,se=TRUE,col="blue")

plot.Gam(gam.m3,se=TRUE,col="red")

gam.m1 <- gam(wage~s(age,5)+education,data=Wage)

## Warning in model.matrix.default(mt, mf, contrasts): non-list contrasts argument
## ignored

gam.m2 <- gam(wage~year+s(age,5)+education,data=Wage)

## Warning in model.matrix.default(mt, mf, contrasts): non-list contrasts argument
## ignored

anova(gam.m1,gam.m2,gam.m3,test="F")

## Analysis of Deviance Table
## 
## Model 1: wage ~ s(age, 5) + education
## Model 2: wage ~ year + s(age, 5) + education
## Model 3: wage ~ s(year, 4) + s(age, 5) + education
##   Resid. Df Resid. Dev Df Deviance       F    Pr(>F)    
## 1      2990    3711731                                  
## 2      2989    3693842  1  17889.2 14.4771 0.0001447 ***
## 3      2986    3689770  3   4071.1  1.0982 0.3485661    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

summary(gam.m3)

## 
## Call: gam(formula = wage ~ s(year, 4) + s(age, 5) + education, data = Wage)
## Deviance Residuals:
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -119.43  -19.70   -3.33   14.17  213.48 
## 
## (Dispersion Parameter for gaussian family taken to be 1235.69)
## 
##     Null Deviance: 5222086 on 2999 degrees of freedom
## Residual Deviance: 3689770 on 2986 degrees of freedom
## AIC: 29887.75 
## 
## Number of Local Scoring Iterations: 2 
## 
## Anova for Parametric Effects
##              Df  Sum Sq Mean Sq F value    Pr(>F)    
## s(year, 4)    1   27162   27162  21.981 2.877e-06 ***
## s(age, 5)     1  195338  195338 158.081 < 2.2e-16 ***
## education     4 1069726  267432 216.423 < 2.2e-16 ***
## Residuals  2986 3689770    1236                      
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Anova for Nonparametric Effects
##             Npar Df Npar F  Pr(F)    
## (Intercept)                          
## s(year, 4)        3  1.086 0.3537    
## s(age, 5)         4 32.380 <2e-16 ***
## education                            
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

preds <- predict(gam.m2,newdata = Wage)
gam.lo <- gam(wage~s(year,df=4)+lo(age,span = 0.7)+
                education,data = Wage)

## Warning in model.matrix.default(mt, mf, contrasts): non-list contrasts argument
## ignored

plot.Gam(gam.lo,se=TRUE,col="green")

gam.lo.i <- gam(wage~lo(year,age,spsn=0.5)+
                  education,data = Wage)

## Warning in model.matrix.default(mt, mf, contrasts): non-list contrasts argument
## ignored

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, : liv
## too small. (Discovered by lowesd)

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, : lv
## too small. (Discovered by lowesd)

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, :
## pseudoinverse used at 2003 17.69 0.5

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, :
## neighborhood radius 25.047

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, :
## reciprocal condition number 3.6776e-016

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, :
## There are other near singularities as well. 627.34

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, : liv
## too small. (Discovered by lowesd)

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, : lv
## too small. (Discovered by lowesd)

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, :
## pseudoinverse used at 2003 17.69 0.5

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, :
## neighborhood radius 25.047

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, :
## reciprocal condition number 3.6776e-016

## Warning in lo.wam(x, z, wz, fit$smooth, which, fit$smooth.frame, bf.maxit, :
## There are other near singularities as well. 627.34

library(akima)
gam.lr <- gam(I(wage>250)~year+s(age,df=5)+
                education,family = binomial,data=Wage)

## Warning in model.matrix.default(mt, mf, contrasts): non-list contrasts argument
## ignored

par(mfrow=c(1,3))
plot(gam.lr,se=TRUE,col="green")

table(education,I(wage>250))

##                     
## education            FALSE TRUE
##   1. < HS Grad         268    0
##   2. HS Grad           966    5
##   3. Some College      643    7
##   4. College Grad      663   22
##   5. Advanced Degree   381   45

gam.lr.s <- gam(I(wage>250)~year+s(age,df=5)+
                  education,family = binomial,data = Wage,
                subset = (education!="1.<HS Grad"))

## Warning in model.matrix.default(mt, mf, contrasts): non-list contrasts argument
## ignored

plot(gam.lr.s,se=TRUE,col="green")

#построение деревьев классификации
library(tree)
library(ISLR)
attach(Carseats)

## The following object is masked _by_ .GlobalEnv:
## 
##     High

## The following objects are masked from Carseats (pos = 10):
## 
##     Advertising, Age, CompPrice, Education, Income, Population, Price,
##     Sales, ShelveLoc, Urban, US

fix(Carseats)
High <- ifelse(Sales<=8,"No","Yes")
Carseats <- data.frame(Carseats,High)
tree.carsiats <- tree(High~.-Sales,data = Carseats)
summary(tree.carsiats)

## 
## Classification tree:
## tree(formula = High ~ . - Sales, data = Carseats)
## Variables actually used in tree construction:
## [1] "High.1"
## Number of terminal nodes:  2 
## Residual mean deviance:  0 = 0 / 398 
## Misclassification error rate: 0 = 0 / 400

plot(tree.carsiats)
text(tree.carsiats,pretty = 0)
tree.carsiats

## node), split, n, deviance, yval, (yprob)
##       * denotes terminal node
## 
## 1) root 400 541.5 No ( 0.59 0.41 )  
##   2) High.1: No 236   0.0 No ( 1.00 0.00 ) *
##   3) High.1: Yes 164   0.0 Yes ( 0.00 1.00 ) *

set.seed(2)
trtain <- sample(1:nrow(Carseats),200)
Carseats.test <- Carseats[-train,]
High.test <- High[-train]
tree.carsiats <- tree(High~.-Sales,Carseats,subset = train)
tree.pred <- predict(tree.carsiats,Carseats.test,type = "class")
table(tree.pred,High.test)

##          High.test
## tree.pred  No Yes
##       No  161   0
##       Yes   0 108

(86+57)/200

## [1] 0.715

set.seed(3)
cv.carseats <- cv.tree(tree.carsiats,FUN=prune.misclass)
names(cv.carseats)

## [1] "size"   "dev"    "k"      "method"

cv.carseats

## $size
## [1] 2 1
## 
## $dev
## [1]  0 56
## 
## $k
## [1] -Inf   56
## 
## $method
## [1] "misclass"
## 
## attr(,"class")
## [1] "prune"         "tree.sequence"

#attr(,"class")
par(mfrow=c(1,2))

plot(cv.carseats$size,cv.carseats$dev,type = "b")
plot(cv.carseats$k,cv.carseats$dev,type = "b")

prune.carseats<- prune.misclass(tree.carsiats,best = 9)

## Warning in prune.tree(tree = tree.carsiats, best = 9, method = "misclass"): best
## is bigger than tree size

plot(prune.carseats);text(prune.carseats,pretty=0)
tree.pred <- predict(prune.carseats,Carseats.test,type="class")
table(tree.pred,High.test)

##          High.test
## tree.pred  No Yes
##       No  161   0
##       Yes   0 108

(94+60)/200

## [1] 0.77

prune.carseats=prune.misclass(tree.carsiats,best = 15)

## Warning in prune.tree(tree = tree.carsiats, best = 15, method = "misclass"):
## best is bigger than tree size

plot(prune.carseats)
text(prune.carseats,pretty=0)

tree.pred <- predict(prune.carseats,Carseats.test,type="class")
table(tree.pred,High.test)

##          High.test
## tree.pred  No Yes
##       No  161   0
##       Yes   0 108

(86+62)/200

## [1] 0.74

#построение регшрессионных деревьев
library(MASS)
set.seed(1)
train <- sample(1:nrow(Boston),nrow(Boston)/2)
tree.boston <- tree(medv~.,Boston,subset = train)
summary(tree.boston)

## 
## Regression tree:
## tree(formula = medv ~ ., data = Boston, subset = train)
## Variables actually used in tree construction:
## [1] "rm"    "lstat" "crim"  "age"  
## Number of terminal nodes:  7 
## Residual mean deviance:  10.38 = 2555 / 246 
## Distribution of residuals:
##     Min.  1st Qu.   Median     Mean  3rd Qu.     Max. 
## -10.1800  -1.7770  -0.1775   0.0000   1.9230  16.5800

plot(tree.boston)
text(tree.boston,pretty =0)
cv.boston <- cv.tree(tree.boston)
plot(cv.boston$size,cv.boston$dev,type = 'b')

prune.boston <- prune.tree(tree.boston,best = 5)
plot(prune.boston)
text(prune.boston,pretty=0)
yhat <- predict(tree.boston,newdata = Boston[-train,])
boston.test <- Boston[-train,"medv"]
plot(yhat,boston.test)
abline(0,1)

mean((yhat-boston.test)^2)

## [1] 35.28688

#бэггинг и случайные леса
library(randomForest)
set.seed(1)
bag.boston <- randomForest(medv~.,data = Boston,
                           subset = train,mtry=13,importance=TRUE)
bag.boston

## 
## Call:
##  randomForest(formula = medv ~ ., data = Boston, mtry = 13, importance = TRUE,      subset = train) 
##                Type of random forest: regression
##                      Number of trees: 500
## No. of variables tried at each split: 13
## 
##           Mean of squared residuals: 11.39601
##                     % Var explained: 85.17

yhat.bag <- predict(bag.boston,newdata = Boston[-train,])
plot(yhat.bag,boston.test);abline(0,1)
mean((yhat.bag-boston.test)^2)

## [1] 23.59273

set.seed(1)
rf.boston <- randomForest(medv~.,data = Boston,subset = train,
                          mtry=6,importance=TRUE)
yhat.rf <- predict(rf.boston,newdata=Boston[-train,])
mean((yhat.rf-boston.test)^2)

## [1] 19.62021

importance(rf.boston)

##           %IncMSE IncNodePurity
## crim    16.697017    1076.08786
## zn       3.625784      88.35342
## indus    4.968621     609.53356
## chas     1.061432      52.21793
## nox     13.518179     709.87339
## rm      32.343305    7857.65451
## age     13.272498     612.21424
## dis      9.032477     714.94674
## rad      2.878434      95.80598
## tax      9.118801     364.92479
## ptratio  8.467062     823.93341
## black    7.579482     275.62272
## lstat   27.129817    6027.63740

varImpPlot(rf.boston)

#бустинг
library(gbm)
set.seed(1)
boost.boston <- gbm(medv~.,data = Boston[train,],
                    distribution = "gaussian",n.trees = 5000,
                    interaction.depth = 4)
par(mfrow=c(1,2))
plot(boost.boston,i="rm")

plot(boost.boston,i="lstat")

yhat.boost <- predict(boost.boston,newdata=Boston[-train,],
                      n.trees=5000)
mean((yhat.boost-boston.test)^2)

## [1] 18.84709

boost.boston=gbm(medv~.,data = Boston[train,],
                 distribution = "gaussian",n.trees = 5000,
                 interaction.depth = 4,shrinkage = 0.2,
                 verbose = FALSE)
yhat.boost <- predict(boost.boston,newdata = Boston[-train,],
                      n.trees = 5000)
mean((yhat.boost-boston.test)^2)

## [1] 18.33455

#классификатор на опорных векторах
set.seed(1)
x <- matrix(rnorm(20*2),ncol = 2)
y <- c(rep(-1,10),rep(1,10))
x[y==1,]=x[y==1,]+1
plot(x,col=(3-y))
dat <- data.frame(x=x,y=as.factor(y))
library(e1071)
svmfit <- svm(y~.,data = dat,kernel="linear",
              cost=10,scale = FALSE)
plot(svmfit,dat)

svmfit$index

## [1]  1  2  5  7 14 16 17

summary(svmfit)

## 
## Call:
## svm(formula = y ~ ., data = dat, kernel = "linear", cost = 10, scale = FALSE)
## 
## 
## Parameters:
##    SVM-Type:  C-classification 
##  SVM-Kernel:  linear 
##        cost:  10 
## 
## Number of Support Vectors:  7
## 
##  ( 4 3 )
## 
## 
## Number of Classes:  2 
## 
## Levels: 
##  -1 1

svmfit <- svm(y~.,data = dat,kernel="linear",
              cost=0.1,scale = FALSE)
plot(svmfit,dat);svmfit$index

##  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  7  9 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20

set.seed(1)
tune.out <- tune(svm,y~.,data=dat,kernel="linear",
                 ranges=list(cost=c(0.001,0.01,0.1,1,5,10,100)) )
summary(tune.out)

## 
## Parameter tuning of 'svm':
## 
## - sampling method: 10-fold cross validation 
## 
## - best parameters:
##  cost
##   0.1
## 
## - best performance: 0.05 
## 
## - Detailed performance results:
##    cost error dispersion
## 1 1e-03  0.55  0.4377975
## 2 1e-02  0.55  0.4377975
## 3 1e-01  0.05  0.1581139
## 4 1e+00  0.15  0.2415229
## 5 5e+00  0.15  0.2415229
## 6 1e+01  0.15  0.2415229
## 7 1e+02  0.15  0.2415229

bestmod <- tune.out$best.model
summary(bestmod)

## 
## Call:
## best.tune(method = svm, train.x = y ~ ., data = dat, ranges = list(cost = c(0.001, 
##     0.01, 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 100)), kernel = "linear")
## 
## 
## Parameters:
##    SVM-Type:  C-classification 
##  SVM-Kernel:  linear 
##        cost:  0.1 
## 
## Number of Support Vectors:  16
## 
##  ( 8 8 )
## 
## 
## Number of Classes:  2 
## 
## Levels: 
##  -1 1

xtest <- matrix(rnorm(20*2),ncol = 2)
ytest <- sample(c(-1,1),20,rep=TRUE)
xtest[ytest==1,]=xtest[ytest==1,]+1
testdat <- data.frame(x=xtest,y=as.factor(ytest))
ypred <- predict(bestmod,testdat)
table(predict=ypred,truth=testdat$y)

##        truth
## predict -1 1
##      -1  9 1
##      1   2 8

svmfit <- svm(y~.,data = dat,kernel="linear",
              cost=0.01,scale = FALSE)
ypred <- predict(svmfit,testdat)
x[y==1,]=x[y==1,]+0.5
plot(x,col=(y+5)/2,pch=19)
dat <- data.frame(x=x,y=as.factor(y))
svmfit=svm(y~.,data = dat,kernel="linear",
           cost=1e5)
summary(svmfit)

## 
## Call:
## svm(formula = y ~ ., data = dat, kernel = "linear", cost = 1e+05)
## 
## 
## Parameters:
##    SVM-Type:  C-classification 
##  SVM-Kernel:  linear 
##        cost:  1e+05 
## 
## Number of Support Vectors:  3
## 
##  ( 1 2 )
## 
## 
## Number of Classes:  2 
## 
## Levels: 
##  -1 1

plot(svmfit,dat)

svmfit=svm(y~.,data = dat,kernel="linear",
           cost=1)
summary(svmfit)

## 
## Call:
## svm(formula = y ~ ., data = dat, kernel = "linear", cost = 1)
## 
## 
## Parameters:
##    SVM-Type:  C-classification 
##  SVM-Kernel:  linear 
##        cost:  1 
## 
## Number of Support Vectors:  7
## 
##  ( 4 3 )
## 
## 
## Number of Classes:  2 
## 
## Levels: 
##  -1 1

plot(svmfit,dat)

#машина опорных векторов
set.seed(1)
x <- matrix(rnorm(200*2),ncol = 2)
x[1:100,]=x[1:100,]+2
x[101:150,]=x[101:150,]-2
y <- c(rep(1,150),rep(2,50))
dat <- data.frame(x=x,y=as.factor(y))
plot(x,col=y)
train <- sample(200,100)
svmfit <- svm(y~.,data = dat[train,],kernel="radial",
             gamma=1,cost=1)
plot(svmfit,dat[train,])

summary(svmfit)

## 
## Call:
## svm(formula = y ~ ., data = dat[train, ], kernel = "radial", gamma = 1, 
##     cost = 1)
## 
## 
## Parameters:
##    SVM-Type:  C-classification 
##  SVM-Kernel:  radial 
##        cost:  1 
## 
## Number of Support Vectors:  31
## 
##  ( 16 15 )
## 
## 
## Number of Classes:  2 
## 
## Levels: 
##  1 2

svmfit <- svm(y~.,data = dat[train,],kernel="radial",
              gamma=1,cost=1e5)
plot(svmfit,dat[train,])

set.seed(1)
tune.out <- tune(svm,y~.,data = dat[train,],kernel="radial",
                     ranges=list(cost=c(0.1,1,10,100,1000),
                                 gamma=c(0.5,1,2,3,4)))
summary(tune.out)

## 
## Parameter tuning of 'svm':
## 
## - sampling method: 10-fold cross validation 
## 
## - best parameters:
##  cost gamma
##     1   0.5
## 
## - best performance: 0.07 
## 
## - Detailed performance results:
##     cost gamma error dispersion
## 1  1e-01   0.5  0.26 0.15776213
## 2  1e+00   0.5  0.07 0.08232726
## 3  1e+01   0.5  0.07 0.08232726
## 4  1e+02   0.5  0.14 0.15055453
## 5  1e+03   0.5  0.11 0.07378648
## 6  1e-01   1.0  0.22 0.16193277
## 7  1e+00   1.0  0.07 0.08232726
## 8  1e+01   1.0  0.09 0.07378648
## 9  1e+02   1.0  0.12 0.12292726
## 10 1e+03   1.0  0.11 0.11005049
## 11 1e-01   2.0  0.27 0.15670212
## 12 1e+00   2.0  0.07 0.08232726
## 13 1e+01   2.0  0.11 0.07378648
## 14 1e+02   2.0  0.12 0.13165612
## 15 1e+03   2.0  0.16 0.13498971
## 16 1e-01   3.0  0.27 0.15670212
## 17 1e+00   3.0  0.07 0.08232726
## 18 1e+01   3.0  0.08 0.07888106
## 19 1e+02   3.0  0.13 0.14181365
## 20 1e+03   3.0  0.15 0.13540064
## 21 1e-01   4.0  0.27 0.15670212
## 22 1e+00   4.0  0.07 0.08232726
## 23 1e+01   4.0  0.09 0.07378648
## 24 1e+02   4.0  0.13 0.14181365
## 25 1e+03   4.0  0.15 0.13540064

table(true=dat[-train,"y"],
      pred=predict(tune.out$best.model,
                   newdata = dat[-train,]))

##     pred
## true  1  2
##    1 67 10
##    2  2 21

#ROC-кривые
library(ROCR)
rocplot <- function(pred,truth,...){
  predob <- prediction(pred,truth)
  perf <- performance(predob,"tpr","fpr")
  plot(perf,...)
}
svmfit.opt <- svm(y~.,data=dat[train,],kernel="radial",
                  gamma=2,cost=1,decision.values=TRUE)
fitted <- attributes(predict(svmfit.opt,dat[train,],
                             decision.values=TRUE))$decision.values
par(mfrow=c(1,2))
rocplot(fitted,dat[train,"y"],main="Training Data")
svmfit.flex <- svm(y~.,data=dat[train,],kernel="radial",
                   gamma=50,cost=1,decision.values=TRUE)
fitted <- attributes(predict(svmfit.flex,dat[train,],
                             decision.values=TRUE))$decision.values
rocplot(fitted,dat[train,"y"],add=TRUE,col="red")
fitted <- attributes(predict(svmfit.opt,dat[-train,],
                             decision.values=TRUE))$decision.values
rocplot(fitted,dat[-train,"y"],main="Test Data")
fitted <- attributes(predict(svmfit.flex,dat[-train,],
                             decision.values=TRUE))$decision.values
rocplot(fitted,dat[-train,"y"],add=TRUE,col="red")

#SVM с несколькими классами
set.seed(1)
x <- rbind(x,matrix(rnorm(50*2),ncol=2))
y <- c(y,rep(0,50))
x[y==0,2]=x[y==0,2]+2
dat <- data.frame(x=x,y=as.factor(y))
par(mfrow=c(1,1))
plot(x,col=(y+1))

svmfit <- svm(y~.,data = dat,kernel="radial",
              cost=10,gamma=1)
plot(svmfit,dat)

#анализ главных компанент
states <- row.names(USArrests)
fix(USArrests)
names(USArrests)

## [1] "Murder"   "Assault"  "UrbanPop" "Rape"

states

##  [1] "Alabama"        "Alaska"         "Arizona"        "Arkansas"      
##  [5] "California"     "Colorado"       "Connecticut"    "Delaware"      
##  [9] "Florida"        "Georgia"        "Hawaii"         "Idaho"         
## [13] "Illinois"       "Indiana"        "Iowa"           "Kansas"        
## [17] "Kentucky"       "Louisiana"      "Maine"          "Maryland"      
## [21] "Massachusetts"  "Michigan"       "Minnesota"      "Mississippi"   
## [25] "Missouri"       "Montana"        "Nebraska"       "Nevada"        
## [29] "New Hampshire"  "New Jersey"     "New Mexico"     "New York"      
## [33] "North Carolina" "North Dakota"   "Ohio"           "Oklahoma"      
## [37] "Oregon"         "Pennsylvania"   "Rhode Island"   "South Carolina"
## [41] "South Dakota"   "Tennessee"      "Texas"          "Utah"          
## [45] "Vermont"        "Virginia"       "Washington"     "West Virginia" 
## [49] "Wisconsin"      "Wyoming"

apply(USArrests, 2,mean)

##   Murder  Assault UrbanPop     Rape 
##    7.788  170.760   65.540   21.232

apply(USArrests, 2, var)

##     Murder    Assault   UrbanPop       Rape 
##   18.97047 6945.16571  209.51878   87.72916

pr.out <- prcomp(USArrests,scale. = TRUE)
names(pr.out)

## [1] "sdev"     "rotation" "center"   "scale"    "x"

pr.out$center

##   Murder  Assault UrbanPop     Rape 
##    7.788  170.760   65.540   21.232

pr.out$scale

##    Murder   Assault  UrbanPop      Rape 
##  4.355510 83.337661 14.474763  9.366385

pr.out$rotation

##                 PC1        PC2        PC3         PC4
## Murder   -0.5358995  0.4181809 -0.3412327  0.64922780
## Assault  -0.5831836  0.1879856 -0.2681484 -0.74340748
## UrbanPop -0.2781909 -0.8728062 -0.3780158  0.13387773
## Rape     -0.5434321 -0.1673186  0.8177779  0.08902432

dim(pr.out$x)

## [1] 50  4

biplot(pr.out,scale = 0)

pr.out$rotation <- -pr.out$rotation
pr.out$x <- -pr.out$x
biplot(pr.out,scale = 0)

pr.out$sdev

## [1] 1.5748783 0.9948694 0.5971291 0.4164494

pr.var <- pr.out$sdev^2
pr.var

## [1] 2.4802416 0.9897652 0.3565632 0.1734301

pve <- pr.var/sum(pr.var)
pve

## [1] 0.62006039 0.24744129 0.08914080 0.04335752

plot(pve,xlab="Principal Component",
     ylab="Proportion of Variance Explaned",
     ylim=c(0,1),type="b")

plot(cumsum(pve),xlab="Principal Component",
     ylab="Cumulative Proportion of Variance Explaned",
     ylim=c(0,1),type="b")

a <- c(1,2,8,-3)
cumsum(a)

## [1]  1  3 11  8

#кластеризация по методу К средних
set.seed(2)
x <- matrix(rnorm(50*2),ncol = 2)
x[1:25,1]=x[1:25,1]+3
x[1:25,2]=x[1:25,2]-4
km.out <- kmeans(x,2,nstart = 20)
km.out$cluster

##  [1] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
## [39] 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

plot(x,col=(km.out$cluster+1),
     main="K-Means Clustering Results with K=2",
     xlab="",ylab="",pch=20,cex=2)

set.seed(4)
(km.out <- kmeans(x,3,nstart = 20))

## K-means clustering with 3 clusters of sizes 17, 23, 10
## 
## Cluster means:
##         [,1]        [,2]
## 1  3.7789567 -4.56200798
## 2 -0.3820397 -0.08740753
## 3  2.3001545 -2.69622023
## 
## Clustering vector:
##  [1] 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
## [39] 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 2
## 
## Within cluster sum of squares by cluster:
## [1] 25.74089 52.67700 19.56137
##  (between_SS / total_SS =  79.3 %)
## 
## Available components:
## 
## [1] "cluster"      "centers"      "totss"        "withinss"     "tot.withinss"
## [6] "betweenss"    "size"         "iter"         "ifault"

plot(x,col=(km.out$cluster+1),
     main="K-Means Clustering Results with K=3",
     xlab="",ylab="",pch=20,cex=2)

set.seed(3)
km.out <- kmeans(x,3,nstart = 1)
km.out$tot.withinss

## [1] 97.97927

km.out <- kmeans(x,3,nstart = 20)
km.out$tot.withinss

## [1] 97.97927

#иерархическая кластеризация
hc.complete <- hclust(dist(x),method = "complete")
hc.average <- hclust(dist(x),method = "average")
hc.single <- hclust(dist(x),method = "single")
par(mfrow=c(1,3))
plot(hc.complete,main="Complete Linkage",
     xlab="",sub="",cex=.9)
plot(hc.average,main="Average Linkage",
     xlab="",sub="",cex=.9)
plot(hc.single,main="Single Linkage",
     xlab="",sub="",cex=.9)

cutree(hc.complete,2)

##  [1] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
## [39] 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

cutree(hc.average,2)

##  [1] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2
## [39] 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2

cutree(hc.single,2)

##  [1] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
## [39] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

cutree(hc.single,4)

##  [1] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
## [39] 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

xsc <- scale(x)
plot(hclust(dist(xsc),method = "complete"),main="Hierarchical Clustering with Scaled Features")
x <- matrix(rnorm(30*3),ncol = 3)
dd <- as.dist(1-cor(t(x)))
plot(hclust(dd,method = "complete"),
     main="Complete Linkage with Correlation-Based Distance",
     xlab=",ylab=")
#анализ данных NCI60
library(ISLR)
nci.labs <- NCI60$labs
nci.data <- NCI60$data
dim(nci.data)

## [1]   64 6830

nci.labs[1:4]

## [1] "CNS"   "CNS"   "CNS"   "RENAL"

table(nci.labs)

## nci.labs
##      BREAST         CNS       COLON K562A-repro K562B-repro    LEUKEMIA 
##           7           5           7           1           1           6 
## MCF7A-repro MCF7D-repro    MELANOMA       NSCLC     OVARIAN    PROSTATE 
##           1           1           8           9           6           2 
##       RENAL     UNKNOWN 
##           9           1

#применение РСА к данным NCI60
pr.out <- prcomp(nci.data,scale. = TRUE)
Cols <- function(vec){
  cols <- rainbow(length(unique(vec)))
  return(cols[as.numeric(as.factor(vec))])
}
par(mfrow=c(1,2))

plot(pr.out$x[,1:2],col=Cols(nci.labs),
     pch=19,xlab="Z1",ylab="Z2")
plot(pr.out$x[,c(1,3)],col=Cols(nci.labs),
     pch=19,xlab="Z1",ylab="Z3")

summary(pr.out)

## Importance of components:
##                            PC1      PC2      PC3      PC4      PC5      PC6
## Standard deviation     27.8535 21.48136 19.82046 17.03256 15.97181 15.72108
## Proportion of Variance  0.1136  0.06756  0.05752  0.04248  0.03735  0.03619
## Cumulative Proportion   0.1136  0.18115  0.23867  0.28115  0.31850  0.35468
##                             PC7      PC8      PC9     PC10     PC11     PC12
## Standard deviation     14.47145 13.54427 13.14400 12.73860 12.68672 12.15769
## Proportion of Variance  0.03066  0.02686  0.02529  0.02376  0.02357  0.02164
## Cumulative Proportion   0.38534  0.41220  0.43750  0.46126  0.48482  0.50646
##                            PC13     PC14     PC15     PC16     PC17     PC18
## Standard deviation     11.83019 11.62554 11.43779 11.00051 10.65666 10.48880
## Proportion of Variance  0.02049  0.01979  0.01915  0.01772  0.01663  0.01611
## Cumulative Proportion   0.52695  0.54674  0.56590  0.58361  0.60024  0.61635
##                            PC19    PC20     PC21    PC22    PC23    PC24
## Standard deviation     10.43518 10.3219 10.14608 10.0544 9.90265 9.64766
## Proportion of Variance  0.01594  0.0156  0.01507  0.0148 0.01436 0.01363
## Cumulative Proportion   0.63229  0.6479  0.66296  0.6778 0.69212 0.70575
##                           PC25    PC26    PC27   PC28    PC29    PC30    PC31
## Standard deviation     9.50764 9.33253 9.27320 9.0900 8.98117 8.75003 8.59962
## Proportion of Variance 0.01324 0.01275 0.01259 0.0121 0.01181 0.01121 0.01083
## Cumulative Proportion  0.71899 0.73174 0.74433 0.7564 0.76824 0.77945 0.79027
##                           PC32    PC33    PC34    PC35    PC36    PC37    PC38
## Standard deviation     8.44738 8.37305 8.21579 8.15731 7.97465 7.90446 7.82127
## Proportion of Variance 0.01045 0.01026 0.00988 0.00974 0.00931 0.00915 0.00896
## Cumulative Proportion  0.80072 0.81099 0.82087 0.83061 0.83992 0.84907 0.85803
##                           PC39    PC40    PC41   PC42    PC43   PC44    PC45
## Standard deviation     7.72156 7.58603 7.45619 7.3444 7.10449 7.0131 6.95839
## Proportion of Variance 0.00873 0.00843 0.00814 0.0079 0.00739 0.0072 0.00709
## Cumulative Proportion  0.86676 0.87518 0.88332 0.8912 0.89861 0.9058 0.91290
##                          PC46    PC47    PC48    PC49    PC50    PC51    PC52
## Standard deviation     6.8663 6.80744 6.64763 6.61607 6.40793 6.21984 6.20326
## Proportion of Variance 0.0069 0.00678 0.00647 0.00641 0.00601 0.00566 0.00563
## Cumulative Proportion  0.9198 0.92659 0.93306 0.93947 0.94548 0.95114 0.95678
##                           PC53    PC54    PC55    PC56    PC57   PC58    PC59
## Standard deviation     6.06706 5.91805 5.91233 5.73539 5.47261 5.2921 5.02117
## Proportion of Variance 0.00539 0.00513 0.00512 0.00482 0.00438 0.0041 0.00369
## Cumulative Proportion  0.96216 0.96729 0.97241 0.97723 0.98161 0.9857 0.98940
##                           PC60    PC61    PC62    PC63      PC64
## Standard deviation     4.68398 4.17567 4.08212 4.04124 2.148e-14
## Proportion of Variance 0.00321 0.00255 0.00244 0.00239 0.000e+00
## Cumulative Proportion  0.99262 0.99517 0.99761 1.00000 1.000e+00

plot(pr.out)
pve <- 100*pr.out$sdev^2/sum(pr.out$sdev^2)
par(mfrow=c(1,2))

plot(pve,type="o",ylab="PVE",
     xlab="Principal Component",col="blue")
plot(cumsum(pve),type="o",ylab="Cumulative PVE",
     xlab="Principal Component",col="brown3")

#применение РСА к данным NCI60-кластеризация
sd.data <- scale(nci.data)
data.dist <- dist(sd.data);par(mfrow=c(1,3))
plot(hclust(data.dist),labels=nci.labs,
     main="Complete Linkage",xlab="", sub="",ylab="")
plot(hclust(data.dist,method = "average"),labels=nci.labs,
     main="Average Linkage",xlab="", sub="",ylab="")
plot(hclust(data.dist,method = "single"),labels=nci.labs,
     main="Single Linkage",xlab="", sub="",ylab="")

hc.out <- hclust(dist(sd.data))
hc.clusters <- cutree(hc.out,4)
table(hc.clusters,nci.labs)

##            nci.labs
## hc.clusters BREAST CNS COLON K562A-repro K562B-repro LEUKEMIA MCF7A-repro
##           1      2   3     2           0           0        0           0
##           2      3   2     0           0           0        0           0
##           3      0   0     0           1           1        6           0
##           4      2   0     5           0           0        0           1
##            nci.labs
## hc.clusters MCF7D-repro MELANOMA NSCLC OVARIAN PROSTATE RENAL UNKNOWN
##           1           0        8     8       6        2     8       1
##           2           0        0     1       0        0     1       0
##           3           0        0     0       0        0     0       0
##           4           1        0     0       0        0     0       0

par(mfrow=c(1,1))
plot(hc.out,labels=nci.labs)
abline(h=139,col="red")

hc.out

## 
## Call:
## hclust(d = dist(sd.data))
## 
## Cluster method   : complete 
## Distance         : euclidean 
## Number of objects: 64

set.seed(2)
km.out <- kmeans(sd.data,4,nstart = 20)
km.clusters <- km.out$cluster
table(km.clusters,hc.clusters)

##            hc.clusters
## km.clusters  1  2  3  4
##           1 11  0  0  9
##           2 20  7  0  0
##           3  9  0  0  0
##           4  0  0  8  0

hc.out <- hclust(dist(pr.out$x[,1:5]))
plot(hc.out,labels=nci.labs,
     main="Hier.Clust.on First Five Score Vectors")

table(cutree(hc.out,4),nci.labs)

##    nci.labs
##     BREAST CNS COLON K562A-repro K562B-repro LEUKEMIA MCF7A-repro MCF7D-repro
##   1      0   2     7           0           0        2           0           0
##   2      5   3     0           0           0        0           0           0
##   3      0   0     0           1           1        4           0           0
##   4      2   0     0           0           0        0           1           1
##    nci.labs
##     MELANOMA NSCLC OVARIAN PROSTATE RENAL UNKNOWN
##   1        1     8       5        2     7       0
##   2        7     1       1        0     2       1
##   3        0     0       0        0     0       0
##   4        0     0       0        0     0       0

Including Plots

You can also embed plots, for example:

## Warning in regularize.values(x, y, ties, missing(ties)): collapsing to unique
## 'x' values

##   [1]   3   5   6  13  14  24  28  32  35  38  46  54  57  58  65  67  70  74
##  [19]  75  77  79  84  91  95  97  99 100 103 105 106 108 110 113 122 126 137
##  [37] 145 147 151 152 154 155 157 159 160 161 162 163 164 166 167 168 169 170
##  [55] 171 172 175 177 178 179 180 182 184 185 187 189 190 191 192 193 194 195
##  [73] 196 197 200 202 204 207 208 209 211 212 214 215 217 218 219 220 221 222
##  [91] 224 225 227 228 231 234 238 239 240 241 243 247 248 249 250

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