Variable N Overall, N = 23,9031 Treatment Groups for Patients with Vascular Involvement Surgery, N = 5,4451 p-value2
Medical Therapy, N = 8,7501 No Treatment, N = 9,7081
Age 23,903 69.57 (11.53) 68.30 (10.85) 73.50 (11.28) 64.60 (10.62) <0.001
Sex 23,903 <0.001
Female 12,515 (52%) 4,527 (52%) 5,271 (54%) 2,717 (50%)
Male 11,388 (48%) 4,223 (48%) 4,437 (46%) 2,728 (50%)
Race 23,903 <0.001
Black 2,910 (12%) 1,217 (14%) 1,224 (13%) 469 (8.6%)
Other 1,145 (4.8%) 361 (4.1%) 551 (5.7%) 233 (4.3%)
White 19,848 (83%) 7,172 (82%) 7,933 (82%) 4,743 (87%)
Type of Insurance 23,903 <0.001
Medicaid 1,270 (5.3%) 508 (5.8%) 505 (5.2%) 257 (4.7%)
Medicare 14,465 (61%) 5,077 (58%) 6,743 (69%) 2,645 (49%)
Not Insured 666 (2.8%) 243 (2.8%) 309 (3.2%) 114 (2.1%)
Private Insurance/Managed Care/Goverment 7,157 (30%) 2,802 (32%) 2,006 (21%) 2,349 (43%)
Unknown 345 (1.4%) 120 (1.4%) 145 (1.5%) 80 (1.5%)
Regions 23,903 <0.001
Midwest 6,387 (27%) 2,527 (29%) 2,361 (24%) 1,499 (28%)
Northeast 5,053 (21%) 1,912 (22%) 1,923 (20%) 1,218 (22%)
South 8,592 (36%) 3,123 (36%) 3,694 (38%) 1,775 (33%)
Unknown 139 (0.6%) 41 (0.5%) 26 (0.3%) 72 (1.3%)
West 3,732 (16%) 1,147 (13%) 1,704 (18%) 881 (16%)
Income 23,903 <0.001
< $38,000 4,373 (18%) 1,636 (19%) 1,955 (20%) 782 (14%)
>=$63,000 7,221 (30%) 2,613 (30%) 2,700 (28%) 1,908 (35%)
$38,000-$47,999 5,823 (24%) 2,078 (24%) 2,518 (26%) 1,227 (23%)
$48,000-$62,999 6,403 (27%) 2,390 (27%) 2,504 (26%) 1,509 (28%)
Unknown 83 (0.3%) 33 (0.4%) 31 (0.3%) 19 (0.3%)
No High School Degree 23,903 <0.001
<7.0% 5,711 (24%) 2,062 (24%) 2,132 (22%) 1,517 (28%)
>=21.0% 3,927 (16%) 1,456 (17%) 1,771 (18%) 700 (13%)
13.0-20.9% 6,319 (26%) 2,332 (27%) 2,695 (28%) 1,292 (24%)
7.0-12.9% 7,874 (33%) 2,872 (33%) 3,084 (32%) 1,918 (35%)
Unknown 72 (0.3%) 28 (0.3%) 26 (0.3%) 18 (0.3%)
Population Density 23,903 0.17
Metro 19,156 (80%) 6,980 (80%) 7,783 (80%) 4,393 (81%)
Rural 534 (2.2%) 225 (2.6%) 201 (2.1%) 108 (2.0%)
Unknown 535 (2.2%) 199 (2.3%) 208 (2.1%) 128 (2.4%)
Urban 3,678 (15%) 1,346 (15%) 1,516 (16%) 816 (15%)
Charlson-Deyo Disability Score 23,903 <0.001
>=3 663 (2.8%) 162 (1.9%) 393 (4.0%) 108 (2.0%)
0 15,727 (66%) 5,956 (68%) 6,089 (63%) 3,682 (68%)
1 5,959 (25%) 2,107 (24%) 2,499 (26%) 1,353 (25%)
2 1,554 (6.5%) 525 (6.0%) 727 (7.5%) 302 (5.5%)
TNM Clinical T 23,903 <0.001
c0 22 (<0.1%) 3 (<0.1%) 10 (0.1%) 9 (0.2%)
c1 190 (0.8%) 19 (0.2%) 18 (0.2%) 153 (2.8%)
c2 924 (3.9%) 147 (1.7%) 135 (1.4%) 642 (12%)
c3 9,050 (38%) 2,783 (32%) 3,853 (40%) 2,414 (44%)
c4 11,284 (47%) 5,311 (61%) 4,853 (50%) 1,120 (21%)
Unknown 2,433 (10%) 487 (5.6%) 839 (8.6%) 1,107 (20%)
TNM Clinical N 23,903 <0.001
c0 13,814 (58%) 5,060 (58%) 5,772 (59%) 2,982 (55%)
c1 6,843 (29%) 2,848 (33%) 2,615 (27%) 1,380 (25%)
Unknown 3,246 (14%) 842 (9.6%) 1,321 (14%) 1,083 (20%)
Surgery Type 23,903 <0.001
Pancreatectomy, NOS 71 (0.3%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 71 (1.3%)
Partial pancreatectomy, distal 725 (3.0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 725 (13%)
Total 685 (2.9%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 685 (13%)
Unknown 18,781 (79%) 8,750 (100%) 9,708 (100%) 323 (5.9%)
Whipple 3,641 (15%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 3,641 (67%)
Tumor Grade 23,903 <0.001
Moderately differentiated 3,469 (15%) 804 (9.2%) 758 (7.8%) 1,907 (35%)
Poorly differentiated 3,184 (13%) 821 (9.4%) 850 (8.8%) 1,513 (28%)
Unknown 15,993 (67%) 6,760 (77%) 7,722 (80%) 1,511 (28%)
Well differentiated, differentiated 1,257 (5.3%) 365 (4.2%) 378 (3.9%) 514 (9.4%)

1 Statistics presented: Mean (SD); n (%)

2 Statistical tests performed: Kruskal-Wallis test; chi-square test of independence