Attaching Data

Checking Packages

Centering and labeling Variables

Linear Models

ReactionTimeModel = lmer(RT ~ Time + Condition + (1 + Time*Match || Subject) + (1 + Time*Match || Stim) + (1|Subject: Stim), data = SignalData)
## boundary (singular) fit: see ?isSingular
## Warning: Model failed to converge with 1 negative eigenvalue: -1.6e-02
summary(ReactionTimeModel)
## Linear mixed model fit by REML. t-tests use Satterthwaite's method [
## lmerModLmerTest]
## Formula: RT ~ Time + Condition + (1 + Time * Match || Subject) + (1 +  
##     Time * Match || Stim) + (1 | Subject:Stim)
##    Data: SignalData
## 
## REML criterion at convergence: 329136.9
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.2538 -0.4394 -0.1560  0.1784 11.5316 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance  Std.Dev. 
##  Subject.Stim (Intercept) 2.973e+04 1.724e+02
##  Subject      Time:Match  0.000e+00 0.000e+00
##  Subject.1    Match       8.004e+03 8.947e+01
##  Subject.2    Time        2.376e+05 4.874e+02
##  Subject.3    (Intercept) 1.496e+05 3.868e+02
##  Stim         Time:Match  2.748e-04 1.658e-02
##  Stim.1       Match       1.878e+05 4.334e+02
##  Stim.2       Time        0.000e+00 0.000e+00
##  Stim.3       (Intercept) 1.547e+01 3.933e+00
##  Residual                 1.083e+06 1.040e+03
## Number of obs: 19580, groups:  Subject:Stim, 10945; Subject, 199; Stim, 55
## 
## Fixed effects:
##             Estimate Std. Error      df t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept)  1933.36     112.96   60.28  17.116  < 2e-16 ***
## Time         -227.66      40.51  179.38  -5.620 7.18e-08 ***
## Condition      14.39      63.51   52.99   0.227    0.822    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##           (Intr) Time  
## Time       0.019       
## Condition -0.930  0.000
## convergence code: 0
## boundary (singular) fit: see ?isSingular
AccuracyModel = glmer(Accuracy ~ Time + Condition + (1 + Time*Match || Subject) + (1 + Time*Match || Stim) + (1|Subject: Stim), data = SignalData, family = binomial)
## Warning in checkConv(attr(opt, "derivs"), opt$par, ctrl = control$checkConv, :
## unable to evaluate scaled gradient
## Warning in checkConv(attr(opt, "derivs"), opt$par, ctrl = control$checkConv, :
## Model failed to converge: degenerate Hessian with 2 negative eigenvalues
summary(AccuracyModel)
## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: Accuracy ~ Time + Condition + (1 + Time * Match || Subject) +  
##     (1 + Time * Match || Stim) + (1 | Subject:Stim)
##    Data: SignalData
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##  18927.7  19022.3  -9451.9  18903.7    19568 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.5091 -0.4688  0.3442  0.4951  7.0780 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance Std.Dev.
##  Subject.Stim (Intercept) 0.11641  0.34118 
##  Subject      Time:Match  0.77082  0.87796 
##  Subject.1    Match       0.43687  0.66096 
##  Subject.2    Time        0.26439  0.51419 
##  Subject.3    (Intercept) 0.14977  0.38701 
##  Stim         Time:Match  0.23046  0.48006 
##  Stim.1       Match       0.56120  0.74913 
##  Stim.2       Time        0.00471  0.06863 
##  Stim.3       (Intercept) 1.20371  1.09714 
## Number of obs: 19580, groups:  Subject:Stim, 10945; Subject, 199; Stim, 55
## 
## Fixed effects:
##             Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)  2.32815    0.57123   4.076 4.59e-05 ***
## Time         0.43151    0.06534   6.604 4.01e-11 ***
## Condition   -0.68383    0.33112  -2.065   0.0389 *  
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##           (Intr) Time  
## Time       0.013       
## Condition -0.960 -0.005
## convergence code: 0
## unable to evaluate scaled gradient
## Model failed to converge: degenerate  Hessian with 2 negative eigenvalues
InteractionModelACC = glmer(Accuracy ~ Time + Condition + Time*Condition + (1 + Time*Match || Subject) + (1 + Time*Match || Stim) + (1|Subject: Stim), data = SignalData, family = binomial)
## Warning in checkConv(attr(opt, "derivs"), opt$par, ctrl = control$checkConv, :
## Model failed to converge with max|grad| = 0.00271973 (tol = 0.002, component 1)
## Warning in checkConv(attr(opt, "derivs"), opt$par, ctrl = control$checkConv, : Model is nearly unidentifiable: large eigenvalue ratio
##  - Rescale variables?
summary(InteractionModelACC)
## Generalized linear mixed model fit by maximum likelihood (Laplace
##   Approximation) [glmerMod]
##  Family: binomial  ( logit )
## Formula: Accuracy ~ Time + Condition + Time * Condition + (1 + Time *  
##     Match || Subject) + (1 + Time * Match || Stim) + (1 | Subject:Stim)
##    Data: SignalData
## 
##      AIC      BIC   logLik deviance df.resid 
##  18917.9  19020.3  -9445.9  18891.9    19567 
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -5.2330 -0.4686  0.3437  0.4945  7.0135 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance  Std.Dev.
##  Subject.Stim (Intercept) 1.177e-01 0.343101
##  Subject      Time:Match  7.683e-01 0.876540
##  Subject.1    Match       4.372e-01 0.661246
##  Subject.2    Time        2.645e-01 0.514316
##  Subject.3    (Intercept) 1.498e-01 0.387076
##  Stim         Time:Match  1.237e-01 0.351704
##  Stim.1       Match       4.819e-01 0.694189
##  Stim.2       Time        6.702e-06 0.002589
##  Stim.3       (Intercept) 1.215e+00 1.102260
## Number of obs: 19580, groups:  Subject:Stim, 10945; Subject, 199; Stim, 55
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)    
## (Intercept)     2.36612    0.57936   4.084 4.43e-05 ***
## Time            1.02324    0.17223   5.941 2.83e-09 ***
## Condition      -0.70692    0.33559  -2.106 0.035162 *  
## Time:Condition -0.35971    0.09611  -3.742 0.000182 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Time   Condtn
## Time         0.026              
## Condition   -0.961 -0.023       
## Time:Condtn -0.023 -0.936  0.022
## convergence code: 0
## Model failed to converge with max|grad| = 0.00271973 (tol = 0.002, component 1)
## Model is nearly unidentifiable: large eigenvalue ratio
##  - Rescale variables?
InteractionModelRT = lmer(RT ~ Time + Condition + Time*Condition + (1 + Time*Match || Subject) + (1 + Time*Match || Stim) + (1|Subject: Stim), data = SignalData)
## boundary (singular) fit: see ?isSingular
## Warning: Model failed to converge with 2 negative eigenvalues: -3.2e-02 -2.8e+03
summary(InteractionModelRT)
## Linear mixed model fit by REML. t-tests use Satterthwaite's method [
## lmerModLmerTest]
## Formula: RT ~ Time + Condition + Time * Condition + (1 + Time * Match ||  
##     Subject) + (1 + Time * Match || Stim) + (1 | Subject:Stim)
##    Data: SignalData
## 
## REML criterion at convergence: 329127.5
## 
## Scaled residuals: 
##     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max 
## -4.2499 -0.4397 -0.1566  0.1781 11.5270 
## 
## Random effects:
##  Groups       Name        Variance  Std.Dev. 
##  Subject.Stim (Intercept) 2.968e+04 1.723e+02
##  Subject      Time:Match  7.803e-04 2.793e-02
##  Subject.1    Match       8.003e+03 8.946e+01
##  Subject.2    Time        2.376e+05 4.874e+02
##  Subject.3    (Intercept) 1.496e+05 3.868e+02
##  Stim         Time:Match  0.000e+00 0.000e+00
##  Stim.1       Match       1.147e+03 3.387e+01
##  Stim.2       Time        0.000e+00 0.000e+00
##  Stim.3       (Intercept) 4.668e+04 2.160e+02
##  Residual                 1.083e+06 1.040e+03
## Number of obs: 19580, groups:  Subject:Stim, 10945; Subject, 199; Stim, 55
## 
## Fixed effects:
##                Estimate Std. Error       df t value Pr(>|t|)    
## (Intercept)     1931.62     112.97    60.33  17.098  < 2e-16 ***
## Time            -270.93      65.90  1199.51  -4.111 4.21e-05 ***
## Condition         15.44      63.52    53.04   0.243    0.809    
## Time:Condition    26.16      31.42 10149.42   0.832    0.405    
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
## 
## Correlation of Fixed Effects:
##             (Intr) Time   Condtn
## Time         0.026              
## Condition   -0.930 -0.016       
## Time:Condtn -0.019 -0.789  0.020
## convergence code: 0
## boundary (singular) fit: see ?isSingular

dprime

library(psycho)
## Note: Many functions of the 'psycho' package have been (improved and) moved to other packages of the new 'easystats' collection (https://github.com/easystats). If you don't find where a function is gone, please open an issue at: https://github.com/easystats/easystats/issues
## 
## Attaching package: 'psycho'
## The following object is masked from 'package:sjmisc':
## 
##     remove_empty_cols
## The following object is masked from 'package:lme4':
## 
##     golden
dprime(253, 63, 103, 293) # ay
## $dprime
## [1] 1.477139
## 
## $beta
## [1] 1.314138
## 
## $aprime
## [1] 0.8498631
## 
## $bppd
## [1] 0.1707175
## 
## $c
## [1] 0.1849391
dprime(312, 33, 44, 323) # ee
## $dprime
## [1] 2.46954
## 
## $beta
## [1] 1.226636
## 
## $aprime
## [1] 0.939502
## 
## $bppd
## [1] 0.1258457
## 
## $c
## [1] 0.08271806