Arroz IPCA

library(tidyverse)
library(sidrar)
library(tstools)
library(ggpubr)
library(ggforce)
library(ggpmisc)
library(knitr)
library(patchwork)

serie00 = get_sidra(api = '/t/655/n1/all/v/63/p/all/c315/7173/d/v63%202')
serie01 = get_sidra(api = '/t/2938/n1/all/v/63/p/all/c315/7173/d/v63%202')
serie02 = get_sidra(api= '/t/1419/n1/all/v/63/p/all/c315/7173/d/v63%202')
serie03 = get_sidra(api='/t/7060/n1/all/v/63/p/all/c315/7173/d/v63%202')

dates = seq(as.Date('1999-08-01'), as.Date('2020-08-01'), by='1 month')

Resultados

data = tibble(date = dates,
              `Variação Mensal` = c(serie00$Valor, 
                                    serie01$Valor, 
                                    serie02$Valor, 
                                    serie03$Valor),
              `Variação Acumulada em 12 meses` = acum_p(`Variação Mensal`, 12))

data %>% kable

date	Variação Mensal	Variação Acumulada em 12 meses
1999-08-01	-1.49	NA
1999-09-01	-1.80	NA
1999-10-01	1.47	NA
1999-11-01	1.54	NA
1999-12-01	1.24	NA
2000-01-01	-1.00	NA
2000-02-01	-0.80	NA
2000-03-01	-2.27	NA
2000-04-01	-1.95	NA
2000-05-01	-2.31	NA
2000-06-01	-0.76	NA
2000-07-01	0.67	-7.3216997
2000-08-01	-0.12	-6.0328025
2000-09-01	-0.36	-4.6548721
2000-10-01	-1.26	-7.2200854
2000-11-01	-0.61	-9.1846001
2000-12-01	0.12	-10.1892746
2001-01-01	5.88	-3.9478827
2001-02-01	4.36	1.0483766
2001-03-01	2.04	5.5047206
2001-04-01	-1.88	5.5800427
2001-05-01	-0.18	7.8820745
2001-06-01	2.94	11.9042801
2001-07-01	5.25	16.9953857
2001-08-01	1.47	18.8578473
2001-09-01	2.06	21.7445995
2001-10-01	10.70	36.4910590
2001-11-01	4.81	43.9342780
2001-12-01	-0.12	43.5892498
2002-01-01	-0.22	35.3167297
2002-02-01	-2.07	26.9793728
2002-03-01	-4.16	19.2640443
2002-04-01	-4.64	15.9092873
2002-05-01	-0.09	16.0137938
2002-06-01	2.88	15.9461735
2002-07-01	2.43	12.8395872
2002-08-01	2.23	13.6847443
2002-09-01	7.02	19.2096936
2002-10-01	9.03	17.4113179
2002-11-01	13.08	26.6756210
2002-12-01	7.78	36.6950183
2003-01-01	1.97	39.6952397
2003-02-01	-0.73	41.6067236
2003-03-01	-1.25	45.9063434
2003-04-01	-0.60	52.0877783
2003-05-01	14.46	74.2364839
2003-06-01	6.20	79.8592009
2003-07-01	-0.15	75.3289193
2003-08-01	0.19	71.8302302
2003-09-01	1.21	62.5017529
2003-10-01	-1.11	47.3887769
2003-11-01	0.44	30.9137668
2003-12-01	3.10	25.2292573
2004-01-01	3.16	26.6906952
2004-02-01	0.68	28.4901702
2004-03-01	-2.36	27.0458756
2004-04-01	-2.43	24.7069022
2004-05-01	-0.66	8.2333013
2004-06-01	-0.96	0.9362162
2004-07-01	-1.72	-0.6508630
2004-08-01	-3.36	-4.1710690
2004-09-01	-3.58	-8.7063973
2004-10-01	-1.72	-9.2695392
2004-11-01	-2.52	-11.9433958
2004-12-01	-2.98	-17.1362586
2005-01-01	-3.49	-22.4779015
2005-02-01	-2.68	-25.0650514
2005-03-01	-0.26	-23.4533821
2005-04-01	-1.57	-22.7786860
2005-05-01	-2.35	-24.0923967
2005-06-01	-4.84	-27.0661599
2005-07-01	-2.63	-27.7414732
2005-08-01	-2.70	-27.2479858
2005-09-01	-1.98	-26.0407339
2005-10-01	-3.06	-27.0491325
2005-11-01	-1.40	-26.2109609
2005-12-01	3.29	-21.4422815
2006-01-01	2.55	-16.5258105
2006-02-01	0.19	-14.0641281
2006-03-01	-1.34	-14.9946549
2006-04-01	-2.33	-15.6510002
2006-05-01	-2.90	-16.1260841
2006-06-01	0.36	-11.5428100
2006-07-01	4.33	-5.2198970
2006-08-01	2.03	-0.6123956
2006-09-01	-0.16	1.2329976
2006-10-01	0.72	5.1803953
2006-11-01	5.32	12.3488766
2006-12-01	4.44	13.5997354
2007-01-01	-0.77	9.9220063
2007-02-01	-2.35	7.1352821
2007-03-01	-2.99	5.3435406
2007-04-01	-1.13	6.6378198
2007-05-01	-0.70	9.0539187
2007-06-01	0.16	8.8365932
2007-07-01	-0.48	3.8188226
2007-08-01	1.58	3.3609330
2007-09-01	3.54	7.1914163
2007-10-01	2.09	8.6494409
2007-11-01	0.33	3.5016940
2007-12-01	-1.01	-1.8993423
2008-01-01	0.62	-0.5251620
2008-02-01	1.62	3.5190275
2008-03-01	0.72	7.4779554
2008-04-01	1.96	10.8369812
2008-05-01	19.75	33.6629255
2008-06-01	9.90	46.6608976
2008-07-01	-0.51	46.6166872
2008-08-01	-1.59	42.0412304
2008-09-01	-0.81	36.0736879
2008-10-01	1.46	35.2339737
2008-11-01	0.14	34.9778742
2008-12-01	-1.77	33.9415758
2009-01-01	-1.29	31.3990553
2009-02-01	-0.82	28.2440298
2009-03-01	-1.80	25.0353825
2009-04-01	-2.57	19.4801620
2009-05-01	-2.30	-2.5201518
2009-06-01	-3.15	-14.0953294
2009-07-01	-0.29	-13.9053703
2009-08-01	0.28	-12.2693886
2009-09-01	-0.76	-12.2251651
2009-10-01	-0.10	-13.5747486
2009-11-01	-0.25	-13.9113359
2009-12-01	-0.87	-13.1225769
2010-01-01	3.26	-9.1179950
2010-02-01	4.45	-4.2889149
2010-03-01	-0.47	-2.9926242
2010-04-01	-1.27	-1.6982633
2010-05-01	-0.15	0.4649786
2010-06-01	-0.68	3.0271727
2010-07-01	-1.05	2.2418889
2010-08-01	-1.01	0.9266512
2010-09-01	0.32	2.0250065
2010-10-01	-1.14	0.9628843
2010-11-01	-1.22	-0.0189101
2010-12-01	0.21	1.0703623
2011-01-01	-0.76	-2.8643932
2011-02-01	-1.58	-8.4721262
2011-03-01	-0.90	-8.8675546
2011-04-01	-2.13	-9.6613751
2011-05-01	-1.68	-11.0456325
2011-06-01	-1.80	-12.0487425
2011-07-01	-1.19	-12.1731809
2011-08-01	1.82	-9.6623222
2011-09-01	1.97	-8.1765052
2011-10-01	0.25	-6.8854404
2011-11-01	0.48	-5.2829425
2011-12-01	0.43	-5.0750016
2012-01-01	1.32	-3.0854410
2012-02-01	1.02	-0.5252108
2012-03-01	0.50	0.8800839
2012-04-01	0.44	3.5291267
2012-05-01	2.11	7.5199260
2012-06-01	1.01	10.5966163
2012-07-01	0.67	12.6784877
2012-08-01	1.76	12.6120890
2012-09-01	8.21	19.5033260
2012-10-01	9.88	30.9827976
2012-11-01	4.05	35.6365455
2012-12-01	1.19	36.6629696
2013-01-01	-0.05	34.8150791
2013-02-01	-0.57	32.6931629
2013-03-01	-1.68	29.8148435
2013-04-01	-1.87	26.8292572
2013-05-01	-1.23	22.6806947
2013-06-01	0.67	22.2677511
2013-07-01	-0.01	21.4418638
2013-08-01	-0.12	19.1982445
2013-09-01	0.26	10.4409573
2013-10-01	-0.16	0.3497013
2013-11-01	-1.04	-4.5592846
2013-12-01	0.86	-4.8705350
2014-01-01	1.12	-3.7569635
2014-02-01	0.94	-2.2953625
2014-03-01	0.22	-0.4072542
2014-04-01	0.29	1.7849432
2014-05-01	1.57	4.6704129
2014-06-01	1.23	5.2526661
2014-07-01	0.45	5.7368768
2014-08-01	-1.07	4.7311696
2014-09-01	0.68	5.1698998
2014-10-01	1.15	6.5498334
2014-11-01	-0.06	7.6049954
2014-12-01	1.81	8.6185265
2015-01-01	0.57	8.0277414
2015-02-01	0.38	7.4284197
2015-03-01	0.44	7.6642434
2015-04-01	-0.82	6.4726260
2015-05-01	0.37	5.2147039
2015-06-01	0.06	3.9986493
2015-07-01	-0.29	3.2325069
2015-08-01	-0.26	4.0777342
2015-09-01	0.37	3.7572723
2015-10-01	3.77	6.4448062
2015-11-01	3.13	9.8424341
2015-12-01	1.64	9.6590218
2016-01-01	1.37	10.5313218
2016-02-01	0.80	10.9937960
2016-03-01	0.96	11.5684353
2016-04-01	0.34	12.8733293
2016-05-01	0.54	13.0645066
2016-06-01	2.00	15.2566427
2016-07-01	4.68	21.0015581
2016-08-01	2.92	24.8594382
2016-09-01	1.13	25.8048718
2016-10-01	0.39	21.7071512
2016-11-01	-0.15	17.8363138
2016-12-01	0.21	16.1784436
2017-01-01	-0.12	14.4707798
2017-02-01	-0.60	12.8809079
2017-03-01	-1.13	10.5441300
2017-04-01	-1.69	8.3076880
2017-05-01	-1.98	5.5929936
2017-06-01	-0.92	2.5701354
2017-07-01	-1.52	-3.5049013
2017-08-01	-0.95	-7.1333120
2017-09-01	-0.39	-8.5291131
2017-10-01	-1.14	-9.9231808
2017-11-01	-0.95	-10.6448779
2017-12-01	-0.03	-10.8588808
2018-01-01	-0.23	-10.9570539
2018-02-01	-1.02	-11.3332917
2018-03-01	-1.20	-11.3960677
2018-04-01	-1.11	-10.8733307
2018-05-01	-1.08	-10.0549874
2018-06-01	3.02	-6.4782479
2018-07-01	2.02	-3.1164790
2018-08-01	2.51	0.2678418
2018-09-01	2.16	2.8346825
2018-10-01	1.09	5.1543400
2018-11-01	0.35	6.5344575
2018-12-01	-1.19	5.2982870
2019-01-01	0.19	5.7415593
2019-02-01	-1.23	5.5172137
2019-03-01	-0.41	6.3609242
2019-04-01	-0.16	7.3826947
2019-05-01	-0.40	8.1208693
2019-06-01	0.50	5.4760955
2019-07-01	0.48	3.8839255
2019-08-01	0.67	2.0192643
2019-09-01	0.63	0.4913720
2019-10-01	0.05	-0.5424694
2019-11-01	0.69	-0.2054932
2019-12-01	0.17	1.1680573
2020-01-01	1.31	2.2989908
2020-02-01	1.00	4.6086673
2020-03-01	1.60	6.7199578
2020-04-01	3.88	11.0383535
2020-05-01	2.01	13.7251249
2020-06-01	2.74	16.2598939
2020-07-01	2.20	18.2500115
2020-08-01	3.08	21.0808700

data_long =  data %>%
             gather(metrica, valor, -date)

item <- gsub("[0-9].|^\\)|\\)$", "", 
             serie03$`Geral, grupo, subgrupo, item e subitem`[1])


mypal <- RColorBrewer::brewer.pal(name = "Set1", n=8)

a<-data_long %>% filter(metrica == "Variação Acumulada em 12 meses" ) %>% 
  ggplot() +
  geom_line(aes(x=date,y=valor,col=metrica), size=1) + 
  #facet_wrap(~metrica, scales = "free_y") + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype=2) + 
  ylab("") + xlab("") + theme_bw() +
  scale_x_date(
    date_minor_breaks = "1 year",
    breaks = "2 year",
    date_labels = "%Y") + 
  scale_color_manual(values = mypal)+
  ggtitle(paste("Variação do Preço do",item, "dentro do IPCA (%)"))  + 
  labs(#caption = "Fonte: SIDRA IBGE\n Cid Edson Mendonça Póvoas",
       caption = "\n",
       subtitle = "Variação acumulada em 12 meses") + 
  theme(legend.position = "none",
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, hjust = 0.5))
a

b<-data_long %>% filter(metrica == "Variação Mensal" ) %>% 
  ggplot() +
  geom_line(aes(x=date,y=valor,col=metrica), size=1) + 
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, linetype=2) + 
  facet_zoom(x = date>as.Date("2019-08-01")&date<as.Date("2020-08-31")) +
  stat_peaks(aes(x = date, y = valor, label=paste(valor,"% \n",date)), geom = "text", colour = "red", vjust = -0.5, check_overlap = TRUE, span = NULL, size=2.5)+
  stat_valleys(aes(x = date, y = valor, label=paste(valor,"% \n",date)), geom = "text", colour = "blue", vjust = 1, check_overlap = TRUE, span = NULL, size=2.5)+
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(-10, 30), breaks = seq(-10, 30, 5)) +
  ylab("") + xlab("") + theme_bw() +
  # scale_x_date(
  #   date_minor_breaks = "1 year",
  #   breaks = "1 year",
  #   date_labels = "%Y") + 
  scale_color_manual(values = mypal[2])+
  #ggtitle(paste("Variação do Preço do",item, "dentro do IPCA (%)"))  + 
  ggtitle("")  + 
  labs(caption = "Fonte: SIDRA IBGE\n Cid Edson Mendonça Póvoas",
       subtitle = "Variação mensal") + 
  theme(legend.position = "none",
        axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 0, hjust = 0.5),
        strip.background = element_rect(fill= 'white', linetype = 2)) 
b

ggarrange(a,b)