library(httr)
res <- httr::GET('https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses')
library(rvest)## Loading required package: xml2res <- read_html('https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses')
#as.character(res)
rows <- read_html('https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses') %>%
html_nodes('.views-row')
#as.character(rows[1])
titles <- read_html('https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses') %>%
html_nodes('.views-row') %>%
html_nodes('.views-field-title') %>%
html_text()
titles <- read_html('https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses') %>%
html_nodes('.views-row') %>%
html_nodes('.views-field-title') %>%
html_text()
rows <- read_html('https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses') %>%
html_nodes('.views-row')
title <- rows %>%
html_nodes('.views-field-title') %>%
html_text()
dt <- rows %>%
html_nodes('.views-field-created') %>%
html_text()
contents <- rows %>%
html_nodes('.views-field-body') %>%
html_text()
url <- rows %>%
html_nodes('.views-field-title a') %>%
html_attr('href')
#title
#dt
#contents
#url
domain <- 'https://www.globalhealthnow.org'
url <- paste(domain, url, sep = '')
news <- data.frame(url, title, contents, dt)
#View(news)
write.csv(news, '~/globalhealthnow.csv')
getwd()## [1] "/Users/davidchiu"library(rvest)
title <- read_html('http://www.flu.org.cn/scn/news') %>%
html_nodes('.title3 a') %>%
html_text()
author <- read_html('http://www.flu.org.cn/scn/news') %>%
html_nodes('.article_property a:nth-child(1)') %>%
html_text()
notes <- read_html('http://www.flu.org.cn/scn/news') %>%
html_nodes('.article_note') %>%
html_text()
df <- data.frame(title, notes, author)
head(df)## title
## 1 文献：H1N2流感病毒
## 2 中国：福建省报告一例人感染H9N2禽流感病例
## 3 中国：广东省和湖南省分别报告一例人感染H9N2禽流感病例
## 4 中国：四川省西充县发生一起家禽H5N6亚型高致病性禽流感疫情
## 5 中国：香港卫生防护中心调查一宗甲型流感（H9）感染个案
## 6 中国：湖南省邵阳市双清区发生一起家禽H5N1亚型高致病性禽流感疫情
## notes
## 1 中文文献：\r\n1、一株重配型H1N2猪流感病毒的进化分析及对小鼠的致病性. 畜牧兽医学报 2019年04期\r\n2、H1N2猪流感病毒基因型分析及其对小鼠的致病性和炎性反应\r\n3、H1N2、H3N2及H5N1亚型猪流感病毒进化及致病性研究\r\n4...
## 2 福建省：于2020年5月4日发病的一名10个月男童
## 3 广东省和湖南省分别报告一例人感染H9N2禽流感病例：\r\n1) 广东省：于2020年3月22日发病的一名3岁女童\r\n2) 湖南省：于2020年4月20日发病的一名5岁女童
## 4 农业农村部新闻办公室2月9日发布，四川省南充市西充县发生一起家禽H5N6亚型高致病性禽流感疫情。 据中国动物疫病预防控制中心报告，经国家禽流感参考实验室确诊，西充县某养殖场饲养的家禽发生H5N6亚型高致病性禽流感疫情，养殖场存栏家禽249...
## 5 卫生署卫生防护中心今日（二月七日）正调查一宗人类感染甲型流感（H9）的输入个案，涉及一名七岁男童。 该名病人有长期病患。他自二月四日起出现咳嗽及流鼻水，翌日出现发烧，被带往横头磡赛马会普通科门诊诊所求医，并转送广华医院及入住该院隔离病房接...
## 6 农业农村部新闻办公室2月1日发布，湖南省邵阳市双清区发生一起家禽H5N1亚型高致病性禽流感疫情。 2月1日，农业农村部接到中国动物疫病预防控制中心报告，经国家禽流感参考实验室确诊，邵阳市双清区某养殖户饲养的肉鸡发生H5N1亚型高致病性禽流感...
## author
## 1 kickingbird
## 2 kickingbird
## 3 kickingbird
## 4 kickingbird
## 5 kickingbird
## 6 kickingbirditems <- read_html('https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Bulletin/List/MmgtpeidAR5Ooai4-fgHzQ?page=1') %>%
html_nodes('.cbp-item')
title <- items %>%
html_nodes('.JQdotdotdot') %>%
html_text()
dt <- items %>%
html_nodes('.icon-line') %>%
html_text() %>%
gsub('[\r\n ]+',' ',.) %>%
trimws()
url <- items %>%
html_nodes('a') %>%
html_attr('href') %>%
paste0('https://www.cdc.gov.tw/', .)
cdc_news <- data.frame(title, url, dt)
write.csv(cdc_news, 'cdc_news.csv')
cdc <- read.csv('cdc_news.csv')
df2 <- data.frame(X = 100, title='qoo', url ='qoo.com.tw', dt = '2020-8-1')
cdc <- rbind(cdc,df2)
get_cdc_news <- function(page){
items <- read_html(paste0('https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Bulletin/List/MmgtpeidAR5Ooai4-fgHzQ?page=', page) ) %>%
html_nodes('.cbp-item')
title <- items %>%
html_nodes('.JQdotdotdot') %>%
html_text()
dt <- items %>%
html_nodes('.icon-line') %>%
html_text() %>%
gsub('[\r\n ]+',' ',.) %>%
trimws()
url <- items %>%
html_nodes('a') %>%
html_attr('href') %>%
paste0('https://www.cdc.gov.tw/', .)
cdc_news <- data.frame(title, url, dt)
cdc_news
}
news_list <- list()
for (i in seq(1:3)){
news_list[[i]] <- get_cdc_news(i)
}
#news_list[[3]]
do.call(rbind, news_list)## title
## 1 我國核酸檢測產品參與國際試驗，檢測結果準確可靠具國際水準
## 2 展現台灣優質醫療及貢獻，自8月1日起開放外籍人士有條件來台就醫
## 3 香港、澳洲疫情持續上升，即日起自中低感染風險國家移除
## 4 今年首例本土登革熱病例現蹤，請民眾加強環境孳清，有疑似症狀速就醫
## 5 野外踏青留意恙蟲四伏，確實做好個人防護
## 6 國內仍處日本腦炎流行高峰，且持續有病例發生，籲請民眾加強落實防蚊與預防接種
## 7 男自香港返台探親，入境採檢確診
## 8 新增2例境外移入病例，均赴菲律賓工作返國確診
## 9 新增1例境外移入病例，赴菲律賓工作返國確診
## 10 自7月16日起，2歲(含)以下持我國居留證的陸籍子女可申請入境
## 11 逾期未領實名制口罩的民眾，請依簡訊通知時間至原指定通路補領
## 12 國內維持451人確診，其中440人解除隔離
## 13 配合卡介苗廠牌轉換，全國合約醫療院所8月17日至8月31日暫停卡介苗接種服務
## 14 國內再增4例日本腦炎病例，籲請民眾出入高風險環境加強防蚊，按時帶幼兒接種疫苗
## 15 新增2例確診個案，皆為境外移入
## 16 民眾如有新型冠狀病毒檢驗需求可至指定院所自費檢驗；另放寬居家隔離/檢疫者外出奔喪或探視規定
## 17 部分國家解封後疫情回升，籲請民眾持續落實個人衛生與保持社交距離
## 18 國內發生今年首起嬰兒肉毒桿菌中毒事件，籲請民眾留意飲食安全
## 19 國內新增5例日本腦炎病例，正值流行高峰請民眾落實防蚊及預防接種
## 20 男自南非返台探親，入境採檢確診
## 21 新增1例境外移入病例，為赴墨西哥工作返國者
## 22 因應民眾已繳費未如期領取實名制口罩，指揮中心將規劃補領口罩措施
## 23 國內累計447人確診，其中438人解除隔離
## 24 國內類流感疫情緩升，請民眾留意個人衛生，無法保持社交距離時戴口罩
## 25 新增1例境外移入，為瓜地馬拉返國者
## 26 日本確診1名自台返日無症狀感染者，指揮中心及地方政府啟動疫情調查
## 27 台美日澳合辦線上工作坊，交流武漢肺炎防治，部署防範第二波疫情威脅
## 28 外來人士逐步開放入境，旅客應於登機前出示 COVID-19陰性檢驗報告，並配合入境後居家檢疫14天
## 29 6月25日起桃園機場開放轉機，全程分流監護，兼顧防疫與服務
## 30 國內維持446人確診，其中435人解除隔離
## url
## 1 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/5YAJAiRIgxBl9F-ic_xzVg?typeid=9
## 2 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/MUsZnLIHpiNWnBx_DWUf-A?typeid=9
## 3 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/-DA6xPL6BCxG4JdT4Xvz4A?typeid=9
## 4 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/Lxp6X3g8wc75n5bAsMF1AA?typeid=9
## 5 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/w3m0gq2F31zlZI_PCrFeTA?typeid=9
## 6 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/i_fn4lJvBtaGDMC79XP9vw?typeid=9
## 7 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/VTXOjOkSvTvT4YSsYY2pEg?typeid=9
## 8 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/XPpmmo4mofTng-lR7cG2yw?typeid=9
## 9 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/cnYcB-N7-xMINorc4Xr7fw?typeid=9
## 10 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/-78LuGEFsM9tcq8f-ZG8wA?typeid=9
## 11 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/T-viU4R9M50cR0m9asQrPA?typeid=9
## 12 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/6P3RGrA5aPPd8i16UsLvqg?typeid=9
## 13 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/ivmiog_-RtpstK8pgHjcDg?typeid=9
## 14 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/BHKwcORDOSfstOLZXbZQOQ?typeid=9
## 15 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/wLoeVt-PYgU4Jg_rD07Kzw?typeid=9
## 16 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/C5kUY8uabLdMFsDpkZaPEA?typeid=9
## 17 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/IzDLNFkOfuBXU9Z3m7n7Dg?typeid=9
## 18 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/6W3sV9G3CQjlQZMrQ0t96A?typeid=9
## 19 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/xYzNEcL-VKUtIcKl3BGgCA?typeid=9
## 20 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/AMcQ1Xe4hhOoYw93vw-wag?typeid=9
## 21 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/nsCNJBXWlqMf1_USYGIz3w?typeid=9
## 22 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/wyLUXloic5cGOgkjiphaNw?typeid=9
## 23 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/AunW2hyxgY8nPkl1JYYg2Q?typeid=9
## 24 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/ex1NQJDIHsU7eKQKR73j3g?typeid=9
## 25 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/hqqL3P5NnrY-eFFWnGAatg?typeid=9
## 26 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/6NyM6DIwx3976v4isnN4JA?typeid=9
## 27 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/YBl5wcbMk-tkc54eK2GFJw?typeid=9
## 28 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/izG6u7nlQeGUtx46uSVhAw?typeid=9
## 29 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/hKG47Yp5TfKyiEyD3MU7jA?typeid=9
## 30 https://www.cdc.gov.tw//Bulletin/Detail/J-jZuTFVjXbXhBBqr61h7w?typeid=9
## dt
## 1 2020 - 7 22
## 2 2020 - 7 22
## 3 2020 - 7 22
## 4 2020 - 7 21
## 5 2020 - 7 21
## 6 2020 - 7 21
## 7 2020 - 7 19
## 8 2020 - 7 17
## 9 2020 - 7 16
## 10 2020 - 7 15
## 11 2020 - 7 15
## 12 2020 - 7 15
## 13 2020 - 7 14
## 14 2020 - 7 14
## 15 2020 - 7 10
## 16 2020 - 7 8
## 17 2020 - 7 8
## 18 2020 - 7 7
## 19 2020 - 7 7
## 20 2020 - 7 3
## 21 2020 - 7 2
## 22 2020 - 7 1
## 23 2020 - 7 1
## 24 2020 - 6 30
## 25 2020 - 6 25
## 26 2020 - 6 24
## 27 2020 - 6 24
## 28 2020 - 6 24
## 29 2020 - 6 24
## 30 2020 - 6 24url <- 'https://www.globalhealthnow.org/2020-07/who-south-africas-cases-are-wake-call'
page <- read_html(url)
title <- page %>%
html_nodes('.field--type-string') %>%
html_text()
dt <- page %>%
html_nodes('.no-contrib .article-meta-wrap') %>%
html_text() %>%
trimws()
content <- page %>%
html_nodes('#block-ghn-content p') %>%
html_text()getArticle <- function(url){
# 取得頁面資訊
page <- read_html(url)
# 取得標頭
title <- page %>%
html_nodes('.field--type-string') %>%
html_text()
# 取得時間
dt <- page %>%
html_nodes('.no-contrib .article-meta-wrap') %>%
html_text() %>%
trimws()
# 取得內文
article <- page %>%
html_nodes('#block-ghn-content p') %>%
html_text() %>%
paste(collapse = '')
data.frame(title = title, article = article, dt= dt, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
}
getArticle('https://www.globalhealthnow.org/2020-07/who-south-africas-cases-are-wake-call')## title
## 1 WHO: South Africa’s Cases Are a Wake-Up Call
## article
## 1 South Africa's soaring infections could signal what’s to come in other countries across Africa, the WHO’s emergency chief Mike Ryan warned yesterday.Over the weekend, South Africa’s death toll passed 5,000, with 350,000+ infections—making it Africa's hardest-hit country by far.\nUrgent support is needed to avoid that kind of spread in other countries, says Ryan.\nHe notes that South Africa’s numbers rose by “only” 30% in the last week—in contrast to Kenya’s 31% increase, Madagascar’s 50%, Zambia’s 57%, and Namibia’s 69%.Al Jazeera
## dt
## 1 July 21, 2020getArticle('https://www.globalhealthnow.org/2020-07/nations-falter-case-counts-soar')## title
## 1 Nations Falter, Case Counts Soar
## article
## 1 Crowded beaches, rushed re-openings, and defiance of mask mandates are pushing governments around the world to tighten restrictions as COVID-19 case numbers push relentlessly higher, the AP reports.The WHO reported 259,848 new infections Saturday—a record single day tally.\nHighlights:With piece headlined “We blew it,” Axios is not mincing words about the US failures on testing, schools, economics, public health, goodwill. \n“It didn't have to be this way,” the article concludes.\nThe disastrous US response was presaged by Europe’s experience, the New York Times reports in a must-read account.\nIn February, European health ministers expressed confidence in their ability to handle the virus, extolling their health systems and promising aid to support poor countries. But within a month, many countries were overwhelmed. A decade of budget cuts had undermined their health systems, and “their pandemic plans were built on a litany of miscalculations and false assumptions.”The Quote: “They keep on telling countries what they should do, very clearly. But all these experts, when it happens in your own countries? There’s nothing. One lesson to learn is humility,” says Emmanuel André, a key coronavirus advisor for Belgium.
## dt
## 1 July 20, 2020paste(c('abc', 'def'), collapse = '')## [1] "abcdef"page <- read_html('https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Bulletin/Detail/5YAJAiRIgxBl9F-ic_xzVg?typeid=9')
title <- page %>%
html_nodes('.con-title') %>%
html_text()
title <- strsplit(title, split ='.modal-title')[[1]][1] %>%
trimws()
dt <- page %>%
html_nodes('.news-v3-in .text-right') %>%
html_text()
article <- page %>%
html_nodes('hr+ div') %>%
html_text() %>%
trimws()
getCDCArticle <- function(url){
page <- read_html(url)
title <- page %>%
html_nodes('.con-title') %>%
html_text()
title <- strsplit(title, split ='.modal-title')[[1]][1] %>%
trimws()
dt <- page %>%
html_nodes('.news-v3-in .text-right') %>%
html_text()
article <- page %>%
html_nodes('hr+ div') %>%
html_text() %>%
trimws()
data.frame(title = title, dt = dt, article = article, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
}
getCDCArticle('https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Bulletin/Detail/VTXOjOkSvTvT4YSsYY2pEg?typeid=9')## title dt
## 1 男自香港返台探親，入境採檢確診 發佈日期：2020-07-19
## article
## 1 發佈日期：2020-07-19\r\n 中央流行疫情指揮中心今(19)日公布國內新增1例境外移入COVID-19(武漢肺炎)病例(案455)，為40多歲男性，於今(2020)年7月17日獨自從香港返國探親。\n指揮中心表示，個案因工作長期居住香港(前次自台灣出境時間為今年4月)，7月15日開始出現乾咳、喉嚨痛症狀，未就醫，17日入境時主動告知有不適症狀，當日機場檢疫人員安排採檢後送至集中檢疫所隔離，於今日確診，目前住院隔離治療中。衛生單位已掌握接觸者共10人，其中2人為個案當地同住之家庭接觸者，未入境台灣，8人為同班機前後兩排旅客，列為居家隔離對象。針對2名家庭接觸者及19名未入境之同班機機組員，已透過雙方聯繫窗口通知港方。\n指揮中心統計，國內截至目前累計79,506例新型冠狀病毒肺炎相關通報(含78,568例排除)，其中455例確診，分別為364例境外移入，55例本土病例及36例敦睦艦隊。pageurl <- 'https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses'
page <- read_html(pageurl)
newsurl <- page %>%
html_nodes('#block-ghn-content .field-content a') %>%
html_attr('href') %>%
paste0('https://www.globalhealthnow.org' , .)
dfall <- data.frame()
for(url in newsurl){
#print(url)
df <- getArticle(url)
dfall <- rbind(dfall, df)
}
head(dfall)## title
## 1 WHO: South Africa’s Cases Are a Wake-Up Call
## 2 Nations Falter, Case Counts Soar
## 3 Teaching Old Immune Systems New Tricks
## 4 Confusion Reigns in US COVID-19 Data Debacle
## 5 “Cozy Bear” Seeks COVID-19 Secrets
## 6 Colombian Cartels’ Brutal Response to Lockdown Breaches
## article
## 1 South Africa's soaring infections could signal what’s to come in other countries across Africa, the WHO’s emergency chief Mike Ryan warned yesterday.Over the weekend, South Africa’s death toll passed 5,000, with 350,000+ infections—making it Africa's hardest-hit country by far.\nUrgent support is needed to avoid that kind of spread in other countries, says Ryan.\nHe notes that South Africa’s numbers rose by “only” 30% in the last week—in contrast to Kenya’s 31% increase, Madagascar’s 50%, Zambia’s 57%, and Namibia’s 69%.Al Jazeera
## 2 Crowded beaches, rushed re-openings, and defiance of mask mandates are pushing governments around the world to tighten restrictions as COVID-19 case numbers push relentlessly higher, the AP reports.The WHO reported 259,848 new infections Saturday—a record single day tally.\nHighlights:With piece headlined “We blew it,” Axios is not mincing words about the US failures on testing, schools, economics, public health, goodwill. \n“It didn't have to be this way,” the article concludes.\nThe disastrous US response was presaged by Europe’s experience, the New York Times reports in a must-read account.\nIn February, European health ministers expressed confidence in their ability to handle the virus, extolling their health systems and promising aid to support poor countries. But within a month, many countries were overwhelmed. A decade of budget cuts had undermined their health systems, and “their pandemic plans were built on a litany of miscalculations and false assumptions.”The Quote: “They keep on telling countries what they should do, very clearly. But all these experts, when it happens in your own countries? There’s nothing. One lesson to learn is humility,” says Emmanuel André, a key coronavirus advisor for Belgium.
## 3 Aging immune systems are not good at detecting and fighting off novel pathogens—and that poses a special challenge to researchers racing to create a vaccine for COVID-19, which has proven deadlier for older people.“The people who need the vaccine the most may actually be the people in whom the vaccine might not work,” says WHO vaccine research coordinator Martin Friede.\nResearchers are drawing on experience with influenza vaccines, which tend to be less protective for older people. But tweaking vaccines—boosting immune-stimulating ingredients, for example—has fueled misinformation from anti-vaxxers in the past, which doctors fear will hinder uptake for a COVID-19 vaccine.National Geographic
## 4 Governors, researchers, and others have decried the abrupt change in US government COVID-19 data collection and sharing that’s injected confusion into an already-faltering national response.\nThe new protocol that emerged this week ordered hospitals to send patient information to Health and Human Services rather than the CDC.\nOn Tuesday night, CDC officials took down the agency’s COVID-19 data dashboard because they weren’t receiving the data firsthand, The Washington Post reports. An HHS official said the dashboard “was taken down in a fit of pique.” \nThen the CDC returned the dashboard yesterday morning, noting it only includes data up to July 14, CNN reports. \nMeanwhile, the National Governors Association has asked the Trump administration to delay the data reporting shift for 30 days so hospitals have time to learn the new system. \nThe federal data confusion reflects other US data failures, according to Science. Epidemiologists bemoan the lack of links between case and death data and other information like “ZIP codes, occupations, living conditions, and known contacts with others ill with COVID-19.” \n
## 5 Russian hackers are trying to steal COVID-19 vaccine research from academic and pharmaceutical institutions around the world, Western intelligence agencies charged yesterday, Forbes reports.\nThe hackers, dubbed “Cozy Bear,” have tried to infect unnamed organizations in Canada, the US, and the UK with malware to snoop and steal files.\nUS and UK agencies believe the hackers are sponsored by the Kremlin—allegations Moscow “indignantly denies,” CNN reports.\nAmerican intelligence officials told The New York Times the Russians are seeking to speed their own vaccine, not sabotage other efforts, with “little immediate damage to global public health.”\nAccording to separate Forbes piece, Russia says leads the vaccine race and will have one ready by the end of summer.
## 6 Failing to comply with pandemic lockdowns in Colombia could get you killed, as armed groups take matters into their own hands, a new report from Human Rights Watch reveals.\nDrug cartels and rebel groups have killed at least 9 people in 3 states for breaching their lockdowns, which are often far stricter than the government’s. Even sick people seeking treatment have been blocked from leaving home.\nArmed groups have torched motorcycles and shot at vehicles, including one flying a flag used to signify a medical mission.\n“This abusive social control reflects the government’s long-standing failure to establish a meaningful state presence in remote areas of the country, including to protect at-risk populations,” says José Miguel Vivanco, Human Rights Watch’s Americas director.\nPeople have little choice but to comply with the draconian tactics, a community leader in Putumayo province tells The Guardian, “because they never see the government here.”
## dt
## 1 July 21, 2020
## 2 July 20, 2020
## 3 July 20, 2020
## 4 July 17, 2020
## 5 July 17, 2020
## 6 July 16, 2020pageurl <- 'https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses?page='
for(i in 0:3){
print(paste0(pageurl, i))
}## [1] "https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses?page=0"
## [1] "https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses?page=1"
## [1] "https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses?page=2"
## [1] "https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses?page=3"getURL <- function(pageurl){
page <- read_html(pageurl)
newsurl <- page %>%
html_nodes('#block-ghn-content .field-content a') %>%
html_attr('href') %>%
paste0('https://www.globalhealthnow.org' , .)
dfall <- data.frame()
for(url in newsurl){
#print(url)
tryCatch({
df <- getArticle(url)
dfall <- rbind(dfall, df)
}, error = function(err){
print(url)
})
}
dfall
}
pageurl <- 'https://www.globalhealthnow.org/topics/coronaviruses?page='
dfall <- data.frame()
for(i in 0:1){
df <- getURL(paste0(pageurl, i))
dfall <- rbind(dfall, df)
}## [1] "https://www.globalhealthnow.org/2020-07/smashing-obstacles-womens-global-health-leadership"
## [1] "https://www.globalhealthnow.org/2020-07/smashing-obstacles-womens-global-health-leadership"dfall## title
## 1 WHO: South Africa’s Cases Are a Wake-Up Call
## 2 Nations Falter, Case Counts Soar
## 3 Teaching Old Immune Systems New Tricks
## 4 Confusion Reigns in US COVID-19 Data Debacle
## 5 “Cozy Bear” Seeks COVID-19 Secrets
## 6 Colombian Cartels’ Brutal Response to Lockdown Breaches
## 7 Testing Tactics
## 8 To DC, Not CDC: COVID-19 Patient Data
## 9 Too Much Social Distance from Washington?
## 10 “WhatsApp Auntys” Share Misinformation
## 11 An Unsustainable Success in Texas
## 12 Encouraging Early Results—But No Promise Yet
## 13 Fauci Fracas
## 14 \n Image credit\n Anthony Fauci looks on as President Donald Trump delivers remarks about coronavirus vaccine development. May 15, 2020. Image: Drew Angerer/Getty\n
## 15 Fauci Fracas
## 16 \n Image credit\n Anthony Fauci looks on as President Donald Trump delivers remarks about coronavirus vaccine development. May 15, 2020. Image: Drew Angerer/Getty\n
## 17 Another Reason Young Adults Shouldn’t Smoke: COVID-19
## 18 A World Veering Off Course
## 19 3,000 Health Workers Dead, Protests Silenced
## 20 \n Image credit\n Authorities arrest doctors protesting safety equipment shortages in Quetta, Pakistan on April 6, 2020. Image: Banaras Khan/AFP/Getty\n
## 21 3,000 Health Workers Dead, Protests Silenced
## 22 \n Image credit\n Authorities arrest doctors protesting safety equipment shortages in Quetta, Pakistan on April 6, 2020. Image: Banaras Khan/AFP/Getty\n
## 23 US Still Flunking the Testing Test
## 24 Even With Incomplete Data, Disparities Are Glaring
## 25 An Independent Panel... Led By Insiders
## 26 \n Image credit\n The Latest Global Numbers cases deaths recovered —Center for Systems Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Key Developments Related\n
## 27 An Independent Panel... Led By Insiders
## 28 \n Image credit\n The Latest Global Numbers cases deaths recovered —Center for Systems Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Key Developments Related\n
## article
## 1 South Africa's soaring infections could signal what’s to come in other countries across Africa, the WHO’s emergency chief Mike Ryan warned yesterday.Over the weekend, South Africa’s death toll passed 5,000, with 350,000+ infections—making it Africa's hardest-hit country by far.\nUrgent support is needed to avoid that kind of spread in other countries, says Ryan.\nHe notes that South Africa’s numbers rose by “only” 30% in the last week—in contrast to Kenya’s 31% increase, Madagascar’s 50%, Zambia’s 57%, and Namibia’s 69%.Al Jazeera
## 2 Crowded beaches, rushed re-openings, and defiance of mask mandates are pushing governments around the world to tighten restrictions as COVID-19 case numbers push relentlessly higher, the AP reports.The WHO reported 259,848 new infections Saturday—a record single day tally.\nHighlights:With piece headlined “We blew it,” Axios is not mincing words about the US failures on testing, schools, economics, public health, goodwill. \n“It didn't have to be this way,” the article concludes.\nThe disastrous US response was presaged by Europe’s experience, the New York Times reports in a must-read account.\nIn February, European health ministers expressed confidence in their ability to handle the virus, extolling their health systems and promising aid to support poor countries. But within a month, many countries were overwhelmed. A decade of budget cuts had undermined their health systems, and “their pandemic plans were built on a litany of miscalculations and false assumptions.”The Quote: “They keep on telling countries what they should do, very clearly. But all these experts, when it happens in your own countries? There’s nothing. One lesson to learn is humility,” says Emmanuel André, a key coronavirus advisor for Belgium.
## 3 Aging immune systems are not good at detecting and fighting off novel pathogens—and that poses a special challenge to researchers racing to create a vaccine for COVID-19, which has proven deadlier for older people.“The people who need the vaccine the most may actually be the people in whom the vaccine might not work,” says WHO vaccine research coordinator Martin Friede.\nResearchers are drawing on experience with influenza vaccines, which tend to be less protective for older people. But tweaking vaccines—boosting immune-stimulating ingredients, for example—has fueled misinformation from anti-vaxxers in the past, which doctors fear will hinder uptake for a COVID-19 vaccine.National Geographic
## 4 Governors, researchers, and others have decried the abrupt change in US government COVID-19 data collection and sharing that’s injected confusion into an already-faltering national response.\nThe new protocol that emerged this week ordered hospitals to send patient information to Health and Human Services rather than the CDC.\nOn Tuesday night, CDC officials took down the agency’s COVID-19 data dashboard because they weren’t receiving the data firsthand, The Washington Post reports. An HHS official said the dashboard “was taken down in a fit of pique.” \nThen the CDC returned the dashboard yesterday morning, noting it only includes data up to July 14, CNN reports. \nMeanwhile, the National Governors Association has asked the Trump administration to delay the data reporting shift for 30 days so hospitals have time to learn the new system. \nThe federal data confusion reflects other US data failures, according to Science. Epidemiologists bemoan the lack of links between case and death data and other information like “ZIP codes, occupations, living conditions, and known contacts with others ill with COVID-19.” \n
## 5 Russian hackers are trying to steal COVID-19 vaccine research from academic and pharmaceutical institutions around the world, Western intelligence agencies charged yesterday, Forbes reports.\nThe hackers, dubbed “Cozy Bear,” have tried to infect unnamed organizations in Canada, the US, and the UK with malware to snoop and steal files.\nUS and UK agencies believe the hackers are sponsored by the Kremlin—allegations Moscow “indignantly denies,” CNN reports.\nAmerican intelligence officials told The New York Times the Russians are seeking to speed their own vaccine, not sabotage other efforts, with “little immediate damage to global public health.”\nAccording to separate Forbes piece, Russia says leads the vaccine race and will have one ready by the end of summer.
## 6 Failing to comply with pandemic lockdowns in Colombia could get you killed, as armed groups take matters into their own hands, a new report from Human Rights Watch reveals.\nDrug cartels and rebel groups have killed at least 9 people in 3 states for breaching their lockdowns, which are often far stricter than the government’s. Even sick people seeking treatment have been blocked from leaving home.\nArmed groups have torched motorcycles and shot at vehicles, including one flying a flag used to signify a medical mission.\n“This abusive social control reflects the government’s long-standing failure to establish a meaningful state presence in remote areas of the country, including to protect at-risk populations,” says José Miguel Vivanco, Human Rights Watch’s Americas director.\nPeople have little choice but to comply with the draconian tactics, a community leader in Putumayo province tells The Guardian, “because they never see the government here.”
## 7 The US should spend $75 billion to fix its COVID-19 testing debacle, STAT reports, citing the verdict of a bipartisan panel of experts brought together by the Rockefeller Foundation.The foundation also calls for a national testing strategy and suggests steps like ramping up access to different types of tests in the committee’s report, published today. Testing is “the legitimate way out of the conundrum of either having tens of thousands, now hundreds of thousands, of Americans die of Covid-19 or having a lockdown that forces economic pain,” says Rajiv Shah, president of the Rockefeller Foundation.And consider this: shutdowns cost the US an estimated $300-400 billion a month, according to report co-author Paul Romer.\n While far wealthier countries struggle to deliver tests, Rwanda’s vowed to identify every coronavirus case—sometimes pulling people over randomly on the streets to get the job done, writes Jason Beaubien.\n“So whenever someone is driving a vehicle, bicycle, motorcycle or even walking, everyone is asked if you wish to get tested,” says Sabin Nsanzimana, director general of the Rwanda Biomedical Center.\nThe testing is voluntary, says Nsanzimana, “although some others say refusal is frowned upon,” Beaubien reports.\nThe country, which is doing pool testing in batches, provides all testing and treatment for the virus for free.NPR’s Goats and Soda
## 8 The Trump administration has ordered a major change in COVID-19 data collection, instructing hospitals to bypass the CDC and send patient information to the Department of Health and Human Services, The New York Times reports.\nThe order, posted on the HHS website, overturns the CDC’s long history as the go-to resource for public health data.\nThe HHS database is not publicly available, leading public health experts to worry about transparency and access for researchers who depend on CDC data for modeling and projections. 2 Takes: The move inflames concerns about the politicization of science under Trump, as expressed yesterday in a Washington Post op-ed by 4 former CDC directors.
## 9 The CDC’s culture of avoiding politics—and its physical location in Atlanta—have left the organization unprepared for the recent onslaught of attacks from Washington. Some say the agency’s distance from politics protects its integrity—but it’s also left the agency with few allies amid intense acrimony around the COVID-19 response. The FDA has more than a dozen political appointees to the CDC’s 6. Historically, the CDC had a voice in Washington but enough distance to maintain public trust, says former CDC director Tom Frieden. “… for 74 years the CDC has had that role. It’s an extraordinary time right now that it doesn’t.” STAT
## 10 With families forced to stay physically apart, a multigenerational flurry of digital communication has become the norm, making WhatsApp more than ever a “breeding ground for hoax messages.” Early in the pandemic, King's College London PhD candidate Rianna Walcott noticed a theme among elders in the Black community: “WhatsApp auntys” spreading exponentially more chain messages promoting misinformation about the virus.\nElders’ mistrust of officials and mainstream media is understandable. “These hoax messages are hinged on our real and valid fears of anti-Blackness.” But how can a younger generation delicately debunk such messages? Use respected people to make your point, suggests researcher Surer Mohamed. Wellcome Collection
## 11 Early in the pandemic, Harris County, Texas kept COVID-19 at bay thanks to a herculean public health effort. Health department staff logged 16-hour days using contact tracing and outreach to prevent people from getting sick in the first place. The success didn’t last.\nPublic health efforts couldn’t compete with the weight of a shambolic national response alongside chronic underfunding that preceded COVID-19.\nAnd that’s despite decades of research showing that a robust national public health system could save billions of dollars a year in illnesses averted. The New York Times
## 12 The Moderna candidate vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 generated an immune response and showed no serious adverse effects, the US NIH reports.\nThe vaccine prompted neutralizing antibody activity in 45 healthy adults participating in the ongoing Phase 1 trial, according to interim results published yesterday in the New England Journal of Medicine.\nThe vaccine targets the portion of the coronavirus “spike” protein used by the virus to break into cells.Other vaccine news:
## 13 As COVID-19 cases rocket upward, the White House is facing blowback from an apparent campaign to take down Anthony Fauci a notch or two.\nThe distracting row emerged after a Saturday Washington Post article included a White House laundry list of alleged mistakes by the nation’s top immunologist—including early guidance against the public wearing masks, which Fauci has admitted was a misstep, the Post reports.\n \nThe White House denies launching a smear campaign against Fauci, but Trump continues to retweet attacks on Fauci.\nMeanwhile, the public health community has jumped to his defense. \n \n“Scientists need to stand together in defense of science but most importantly in the defense of people’s lives,” Consortium of Universities for Global Health chief Keith Martin said in a statement that called on the US medical community to defend Fauci.\n \nBut according to NPR, officials say Fauci remains a valued voice in the administration—and retains a singular focus on public health.
## 14 As COVID-19 cases rocket upward, the White House is facing blowback from an apparent campaign to take down Anthony Fauci a notch or two.\nThe distracting row emerged after a Saturday Washington Post article included a White House laundry list of alleged mistakes by the nation’s top immunologist—including early guidance against the public wearing masks, which Fauci has admitted was a misstep, the Post reports.\n \nThe White House denies launching a smear campaign against Fauci, but Trump continues to retweet attacks on Fauci.\nMeanwhile, the public health community has jumped to his defense. \n \n“Scientists need to stand together in defense of science but most importantly in the defense of people’s lives,” Consortium of Universities for Global Health chief Keith Martin said in a statement that called on the US medical community to defend Fauci.\n \nBut according to NPR, officials say Fauci remains a valued voice in the administration—and retains a singular focus on public health.
## 15 As COVID-19 cases rocket upward, the White House is facing blowback from an apparent campaign to take down Anthony Fauci a notch or two.\nThe distracting row emerged after a Saturday Washington Post article included a White House laundry list of alleged mistakes by the nation’s top immunologist—including early guidance against the public wearing masks, which Fauci has admitted was a misstep, the Post reports.\n \nThe White House denies launching a smear campaign against Fauci, but Trump continues to retweet attacks on Fauci.\nMeanwhile, the public health community has jumped to his defense. \n \n“Scientists need to stand together in defense of science but most importantly in the defense of people’s lives,” Consortium of Universities for Global Health chief Keith Martin said in a statement that called on the US medical community to defend Fauci.\n \nBut according to NPR, officials say Fauci remains a valued voice in the administration—and retains a singular focus on public health.
## 16 As COVID-19 cases rocket upward, the White House is facing blowback from an apparent campaign to take down Anthony Fauci a notch or two.\nThe distracting row emerged after a Saturday Washington Post article included a White House laundry list of alleged mistakes by the nation’s top immunologist—including early guidance against the public wearing masks, which Fauci has admitted was a misstep, the Post reports.\n \nThe White House denies launching a smear campaign against Fauci, but Trump continues to retweet attacks on Fauci.\nMeanwhile, the public health community has jumped to his defense. \n \n“Scientists need to stand together in defense of science but most importantly in the defense of people’s lives,” Consortium of Universities for Global Health chief Keith Martin said in a statement that called on the US medical community to defend Fauci.\n \nBut according to NPR, officials say Fauci remains a valued voice in the administration—and retains a singular focus on public health.
## 17 Nearly a third of young adults are medically vulnerable to severe illness from COVID-19—and smoking is the population’s strongest risk factor, CNN reports, citing a study published yesterday in the Journal of Adolescent Health.\nOf 8,000 18-25 year-olds surveyed on underlying health conditions and smoking, 32% were “medically vulnerable,” to severe COVID-19, University of California, San Francisco researchers determined. That percentage dropped to 16% when smokers were removed from the sample.\n“Recent evidence indicates that smoking is associated with a higher likelihood of COVID-19 progression, including increased illness severity, ICU admission or death,” says lead author Sally Adams, lead author of the study and a specialist at UCSF.\nIn the group of nonsmokers, women—who report more asthma and immune conditions—were at a higher risk. But higher rates of smoking in young adult men overrode this in the whole study population.
## 18 Too many governments are “headed in the wrong direction” in their response to the pandemic, the WHO warned yesterday as the world’s cases hit a record daily high of 230,000.Nearly 80% of the latest cases are in 10 countries; half of those cases are in the US and Brazil.\n“The virus remains public enemy number one, but the actions of many governments and people do not reflect this,” WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said, adding that mixed messages are hurting the response.Hotspots and highlights:CIDRAP
## 19 More than 3,000 health care workers worldwide have died from COVID-19—and that’s likely a “significant underestimate,” according to an Amnesty International report published today.\nIn addition to the risks of caring for COVID patients (often with scarce protective equipment), health workers face reprisals if they speak out about care issues, the Irish Times reports. \nCountries with the most health worker deaths include: \nReprisals include the detention of health workers in Egypt, the police shutdown of a protest in Malaysia, and the firing of a US nursing assistant who posted a Facebook video on the PPE shortage. The Quote: “Health workers on the front line are the first to know if government policy is not working, and authorities who silence them cannot seriously claim to be prioritising public health,” said Colm O’Gorman, executive director of Amnesty International Ireland.
## 20 More than 3,000 health care workers worldwide have died from COVID-19—and that’s likely a “significant underestimate,” according to an Amnesty International report published today.\nIn addition to the risks of caring for COVID patients (often with scarce protective equipment), health workers face reprisals if they speak out about care issues, the Irish Times reports. \nCountries with the most health worker deaths include: \nReprisals include the detention of health workers in Egypt, the police shutdown of a protest in Malaysia, and the firing of a US nursing assistant who posted a Facebook video on the PPE shortage. The Quote: “Health workers on the front line are the first to know if government policy is not working, and authorities who silence them cannot seriously claim to be prioritising public health,” said Colm O’Gorman, executive director of Amnesty International Ireland.
## 21 More than 3,000 health care workers worldwide have died from COVID-19—and that’s likely a “significant underestimate,” according to an Amnesty International report published today.\nIn addition to the risks of caring for COVID patients (often with scarce protective equipment), health workers face reprisals if they speak out about care issues, the Irish Times reports. \nCountries with the most health worker deaths include: \nReprisals include the detention of health workers in Egypt, the police shutdown of a protest in Malaysia, and the firing of a US nursing assistant who posted a Facebook video on the PPE shortage. The Quote: “Health workers on the front line are the first to know if government policy is not working, and authorities who silence them cannot seriously claim to be prioritising public health,” said Colm O’Gorman, executive director of Amnesty International Ireland.
## 22 More than 3,000 health care workers worldwide have died from COVID-19—and that’s likely a “significant underestimate,” according to an Amnesty International report published today.\nIn addition to the risks of caring for COVID patients (often with scarce protective equipment), health workers face reprisals if they speak out about care issues, the Irish Times reports. \nCountries with the most health worker deaths include: \nReprisals include the detention of health workers in Egypt, the police shutdown of a protest in Malaysia, and the firing of a US nursing assistant who posted a Facebook video on the PPE shortage. The Quote: “Health workers on the front line are the first to know if government policy is not working, and authorities who silence them cannot seriously claim to be prioritising public health,” said Colm O’Gorman, executive director of Amnesty International Ireland.
## 23 Some COVID-19 test results in the US are taking so long to come back that “contact tracing is almost useless,” Crystal R. Watson, a senior associate at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, tells The Washington Post.In Arizona, it can take 2 weeks to get results; by then, a person may have already gone on to infect others. \nAcross the Sun Belt, labs can’t keep up with demand. And the push for tests is leading to shortages in testing supplies like swabs—fundamental infrastructural problems that have haunted the US from the get-go.\nYet months in, the US still lacks a strategic approach to testing and tracing, write Onkar Ghate and Elan Journo of the Ayn Rand Institute in a commentary for The Hill.The Quote: “Imagine if the Army tried to fend off an invasion with a small fraction of the needed troops, antique weapons and no plan. That, in a nutshell, appears to be how our government is responding in the pandemic.”\n
## 24 Patchwork recordkeeping has hampered the US response to COVID-19’s disproportionate toll on communities of color.\n \nAbout half of recorded COVID-19 cases are missing race and ethnicity data, Science reports—but local snapshots offer a microcosm of the problem:While new federal guidance requires COVID-19 testing labs to report race and ethnicity information to the government starting August 1, that decision came late in the game.\n \nThe CDC’s missteps in addressing COVID-19’s impact on communities of color comes amid “ongoing and recurring acts of racism and discrimination” at the agency itself, according to a letter signed by 1,000+ current CDC employees, NPR reports.
## 25 WHO is enlisting an independent panel to evaluate its global COVID-19 response, the agency announced yesterday.\n \nThe evaluation, the WHO emphasized, is a response to a request from member states in May—not to scrutiny from the US, whose President Trump has accused the agency of kowtowing to China.\n \n2 female former heads of state—former Prime Minister of New Zealand Helen Clark and former President of Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf—will lead the panel and choose its members.\n \nBoth women already have strong ties to the WHO, Reuters reports. \n \nCalling for balance, Lawrence Gostin of Georgetown Law cautioned that the panel must not be an “inside job,” nor should it pander to conspiracy theories.\n \n“What is really vital is we have truly independent experts from a variety of disciplines…” he told Reuters.\n \nThe panel will present interim findings in November and a more robust report next May.
## 26 WHO is enlisting an independent panel to evaluate its global COVID-19 response, the agency announced yesterday.\n \nThe evaluation, the WHO emphasized, is a response to a request from member states in May—not to scrutiny from the US, whose President Trump has accused the agency of kowtowing to China.\n \n2 female former heads of state—former Prime Minister of New Zealand Helen Clark and former President of Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf—will lead the panel and choose its members.\n \nBoth women already have strong ties to the WHO, Reuters reports. \n \nCalling for balance, Lawrence Gostin of Georgetown Law cautioned that the panel must not be an “inside job,” nor should it pander to conspiracy theories.\n \n“What is really vital is we have truly independent experts from a variety of disciplines…” he told Reuters.\n \nThe panel will present interim findings in November and a more robust report next May.
## 27 WHO is enlisting an independent panel to evaluate its global COVID-19 response, the agency announced yesterday.\n \nThe evaluation, the WHO emphasized, is a response to a request from member states in May—not to scrutiny from the US, whose President Trump has accused the agency of kowtowing to China.\n \n2 female former heads of state—former Prime Minister of New Zealand Helen Clark and former President of Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf—will lead the panel and choose its members.\n \nBoth women already have strong ties to the WHO, Reuters reports. \n \nCalling for balance, Lawrence Gostin of Georgetown Law cautioned that the panel must not be an “inside job,” nor should it pander to conspiracy theories.\n \n“What is really vital is we have truly independent experts from a variety of disciplines…” he told Reuters.\n \nThe panel will present interim findings in November and a more robust report next May.
## 28 WHO is enlisting an independent panel to evaluate its global COVID-19 response, the agency announced yesterday.\n \nThe evaluation, the WHO emphasized, is a response to a request from member states in May—not to scrutiny from the US, whose President Trump has accused the agency of kowtowing to China.\n \n2 female former heads of state—former Prime Minister of New Zealand Helen Clark and former President of Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf—will lead the panel and choose its members.\n \nBoth women already have strong ties to the WHO, Reuters reports. \n \nCalling for balance, Lawrence Gostin of Georgetown Law cautioned that the panel must not be an “inside job,” nor should it pander to conspiracy theories.\n \n“What is really vital is we have truly independent experts from a variety of disciplines…” he told Reuters.\n \nThe panel will present interim findings in November and a more robust report next May.
## dt
## 1 July 21, 2020
## 2 July 20, 2020
## 3 July 20, 2020
## 4 July 17, 2020
## 5 July 17, 2020
## 6 July 16, 2020
## 7 July 16, 2020
## 8 July 15, 2020
## 9 July 15, 2020
## 10 July 15, 2020
## 11 July 15, 2020
## 12 July 15, 2020
## 13 July 14, 2020
## 14 July 14, 2020
## 15 July 14, 2020
## 16 July 14, 2020
## 17 July 14, 2020
## 18 July 14, 2020
## 19 July 13, 2020
## 20 July 13, 2020
## 21 July 13, 2020
## 22 July 13, 2020
## 23 July 13, 2020
## 24 July 13, 2020
## 25 July 10, 2020
## 26 July 10, 2020
## 27 July 10, 2020
## 28 July 10, 2020x <- list(c(1,2,3,4), c(5,6,7,8))
lapply(x, sum)## [[1]]
## [1] 10
##
## [[2]]
## [1] 26dfall_list <- lapply(0:2,
function(i){
url <- paste0(pageurl, i)
df <- getURL(url)
}
)## [1] "https://www.globalhealthnow.org/2020-07/smashing-obstacles-womens-global-health-leadership"
## [1] "https://www.globalhealthnow.org/2020-07/smashing-obstacles-womens-global-health-leadership"class(dfall_list)## [1] "list"a.frame <- data.frame(x= c(1,2,3), b =c(2,3,4))
b.frame <- data.frame(x= c(3,3,2), b =c(1,2,3))
do.call("rbind", list(a.frame, b.frame))## x b
## 1 1 2
## 2 2 3
## 3 3 4
## 4 3 1
## 5 3 2
## 6 2 3df_final <- do.call('rbind', dfall_list)
df_final## title
## 1 WHO: South Africa’s Cases Are a Wake-Up Call
## 2 Nations Falter, Case Counts Soar
## 3 Teaching Old Immune Systems New Tricks
## 4 Confusion Reigns in US COVID-19 Data Debacle
## 5 “Cozy Bear” Seeks COVID-19 Secrets
## 6 Colombian Cartels’ Brutal Response to Lockdown Breaches
## 7 Testing Tactics
## 8 To DC, Not CDC: COVID-19 Patient Data
## 9 Too Much Social Distance from Washington?
## 10 “WhatsApp Auntys” Share Misinformation
## 11 An Unsustainable Success in Texas
## 12 Encouraging Early Results—But No Promise Yet
## 13 Fauci Fracas
## 14 \n Image credit\n Anthony Fauci looks on as President Donald Trump delivers remarks about coronavirus vaccine development. May 15, 2020. Image: Drew Angerer/Getty\n
## 15 Fauci Fracas
## 16 \n Image credit\n Anthony Fauci looks on as President Donald Trump delivers remarks about coronavirus vaccine development. May 15, 2020. Image: Drew Angerer/Getty\n
## 17 Another Reason Young Adults Shouldn’t Smoke: COVID-19
## 18 A World Veering Off Course
## 19 3,000 Health Workers Dead, Protests Silenced
## 20 \n Image credit\n Authorities arrest doctors protesting safety equipment shortages in Quetta, Pakistan on April 6, 2020. Image: Banaras Khan/AFP/Getty\n
## 21 3,000 Health Workers Dead, Protests Silenced
## 22 \n Image credit\n Authorities arrest doctors protesting safety equipment shortages in Quetta, Pakistan on April 6, 2020. Image: Banaras Khan/AFP/Getty\n
## 23 US Still Flunking the Testing Test
## 24 Even With Incomplete Data, Disparities Are Glaring
## 25 An Independent Panel... Led By Insiders
## 26 \n Image credit\n The Latest Global Numbers cases deaths recovered —Center for Systems Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Key Developments Related\n
## 27 An Independent Panel... Led By Insiders
## 28 \n Image credit\n The Latest Global Numbers cases deaths recovered —Center for Systems Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Key Developments Related\n
## 29 Responding to One Disaster—Failing to Prevent Another
## 30 An Avoidable Outbreak
## 31 Cases Soaring, but US Can’t Rise above Partisanship
## 32 The Fight for PPE Persists
## 33 \n Image credit\n Protective masks bearing the names of medical staffers and nurses pinned to a wall at an operative field hospital for coronavirus patients outside a hospital in Lombardy, Italy, April 2, 2020. Image: Miguel Medina/AFP/Getty\n
## 34 The Fight for PPE Persists
## 35 \n Image credit\n Protective masks bearing the names of medical staffers and nurses pinned to a wall at an operative field hospital for coronavirus patients outside a hospital in Lombardy, Italy, April 2, 2020. Image: Miguel Medina/AFP/Getty\n
## 36 For Solutions, Look to Community Health Workers
## 37 If Schools Reopen, Will COVID-19 Follow?
## 38 Is a ‘Silent Pandemic’ Sweeping Across Africa?
## 39 Scientists Press WHO on Airborne Transmission
## 40 \n Image credit\n A staff member of the Yokosuka Medical Association puts on an N95 mask. Yokosuka, Japan. April 23, 2020. Image: Tomohiro Ohsumi/Getty\n
## 41 Scientists Press WHO on Airborne Transmission
## 42 \n Image credit\n A staff member of the Yokosuka Medical Association puts on an N95 mask. Yokosuka, Japan. April 23, 2020. Image: Tomohiro Ohsumi/Getty\n
## 43 There’s Hardly a Consensus About Herd Immunity
## 44 New Data on Disparities
## article
## 1 South Africa's soaring infections could signal what’s to come in other countries across Africa, the WHO’s emergency chief Mike Ryan warned yesterday.Over the weekend, South Africa’s death toll passed 5,000, with 350,000+ infections—making it Africa's hardest-hit country by far.\nUrgent support is needed to avoid that kind of spread in other countries, says Ryan.\nHe notes that South Africa’s numbers rose by “only” 30% in the last week—in contrast to Kenya’s 31% increase, Madagascar’s 50%, Zambia’s 57%, and Namibia’s 69%.Al Jazeera
## 2 Crowded beaches, rushed re-openings, and defiance of mask mandates are pushing governments around the world to tighten restrictions as COVID-19 case numbers push relentlessly higher, the AP reports.The WHO reported 259,848 new infections Saturday—a record single day tally.\nHighlights:With piece headlined “We blew it,” Axios is not mincing words about the US failures on testing, schools, economics, public health, goodwill. \n“It didn't have to be this way,” the article concludes.\nThe disastrous US response was presaged by Europe’s experience, the New York Times reports in a must-read account.\nIn February, European health ministers expressed confidence in their ability to handle the virus, extolling their health systems and promising aid to support poor countries. But within a month, many countries were overwhelmed. A decade of budget cuts had undermined their health systems, and “their pandemic plans were built on a litany of miscalculations and false assumptions.”The Quote: “They keep on telling countries what they should do, very clearly. But all these experts, when it happens in your own countries? There’s nothing. One lesson to learn is humility,” says Emmanuel André, a key coronavirus advisor for Belgium.
## 3 Aging immune systems are not good at detecting and fighting off novel pathogens—and that poses a special challenge to researchers racing to create a vaccine for COVID-19, which has proven deadlier for older people.“The people who need the vaccine the most may actually be the people in whom the vaccine might not work,” says WHO vaccine research coordinator Martin Friede.\nResearchers are drawing on experience with influenza vaccines, which tend to be less protective for older people. But tweaking vaccines—boosting immune-stimulating ingredients, for example—has fueled misinformation from anti-vaxxers in the past, which doctors fear will hinder uptake for a COVID-19 vaccine.National Geographic
## 4 Governors, researchers, and others have decried the abrupt change in US government COVID-19 data collection and sharing that’s injected confusion into an already-faltering national response.\nThe new protocol that emerged this week ordered hospitals to send patient information to Health and Human Services rather than the CDC.\nOn Tuesday night, CDC officials took down the agency’s COVID-19 data dashboard because they weren’t receiving the data firsthand, The Washington Post reports. An HHS official said the dashboard “was taken down in a fit of pique.” \nThen the CDC returned the dashboard yesterday morning, noting it only includes data up to July 14, CNN reports. \nMeanwhile, the National Governors Association has asked the Trump administration to delay the data reporting shift for 30 days so hospitals have time to learn the new system. \nThe federal data confusion reflects other US data failures, according to Science. Epidemiologists bemoan the lack of links between case and death data and other information like “ZIP codes, occupations, living conditions, and known contacts with others ill with COVID-19.” \n
## 5 Russian hackers are trying to steal COVID-19 vaccine research from academic and pharmaceutical institutions around the world, Western intelligence agencies charged yesterday, Forbes reports.\nThe hackers, dubbed “Cozy Bear,” have tried to infect unnamed organizations in Canada, the US, and the UK with malware to snoop and steal files.\nUS and UK agencies believe the hackers are sponsored by the Kremlin—allegations Moscow “indignantly denies,” CNN reports.\nAmerican intelligence officials told The New York Times the Russians are seeking to speed their own vaccine, not sabotage other efforts, with “little immediate damage to global public health.”\nAccording to separate Forbes piece, Russia says leads the vaccine race and will have one ready by the end of summer.
## 6 Failing to comply with pandemic lockdowns in Colombia could get you killed, as armed groups take matters into their own hands, a new report from Human Rights Watch reveals.\nDrug cartels and rebel groups have killed at least 9 people in 3 states for breaching their lockdowns, which are often far stricter than the government’s. Even sick people seeking treatment have been blocked from leaving home.\nArmed groups have torched motorcycles and shot at vehicles, including one flying a flag used to signify a medical mission.\n“This abusive social control reflects the government’s long-standing failure to establish a meaningful state presence in remote areas of the country, including to protect at-risk populations,” says José Miguel Vivanco, Human Rights Watch’s Americas director.\nPeople have little choice but to comply with the draconian tactics, a community leader in Putumayo province tells The Guardian, “because they never see the government here.”
## 7 The US should spend $75 billion to fix its COVID-19 testing debacle, STAT reports, citing the verdict of a bipartisan panel of experts brought together by the Rockefeller Foundation.The foundation also calls for a national testing strategy and suggests steps like ramping up access to different types of tests in the committee’s report, published today. Testing is “the legitimate way out of the conundrum of either having tens of thousands, now hundreds of thousands, of Americans die of Covid-19 or having a lockdown that forces economic pain,” says Rajiv Shah, president of the Rockefeller Foundation.And consider this: shutdowns cost the US an estimated $300-400 billion a month, according to report co-author Paul Romer.\n While far wealthier countries struggle to deliver tests, Rwanda’s vowed to identify every coronavirus case—sometimes pulling people over randomly on the streets to get the job done, writes Jason Beaubien.\n“So whenever someone is driving a vehicle, bicycle, motorcycle or even walking, everyone is asked if you wish to get tested,” says Sabin Nsanzimana, director general of the Rwanda Biomedical Center.\nThe testing is voluntary, says Nsanzimana, “although some others say refusal is frowned upon,” Beaubien reports.\nThe country, which is doing pool testing in batches, provides all testing and treatment for the virus for free.NPR’s Goats and Soda
## 8 The Trump administration has ordered a major change in COVID-19 data collection, instructing hospitals to bypass the CDC and send patient information to the Department of Health and Human Services, The New York Times reports.\nThe order, posted on the HHS website, overturns the CDC’s long history as the go-to resource for public health data.\nThe HHS database is not publicly available, leading public health experts to worry about transparency and access for researchers who depend on CDC data for modeling and projections. 2 Takes: The move inflames concerns about the politicization of science under Trump, as expressed yesterday in a Washington Post op-ed by 4 former CDC directors.
## 9 The CDC’s culture of avoiding politics—and its physical location in Atlanta—have left the organization unprepared for the recent onslaught of attacks from Washington. Some say the agency’s distance from politics protects its integrity—but it’s also left the agency with few allies amid intense acrimony around the COVID-19 response. The FDA has more than a dozen political appointees to the CDC’s 6. Historically, the CDC had a voice in Washington but enough distance to maintain public trust, says former CDC director Tom Frieden. “… for 74 years the CDC has had that role. It’s an extraordinary time right now that it doesn’t.” STAT
## 10 With families forced to stay physically apart, a multigenerational flurry of digital communication has become the norm, making WhatsApp more than ever a “breeding ground for hoax messages.” Early in the pandemic, King's College London PhD candidate Rianna Walcott noticed a theme among elders in the Black community: “WhatsApp auntys” spreading exponentially more chain messages promoting misinformation about the virus.\nElders’ mistrust of officials and mainstream media is understandable. “These hoax messages are hinged on our real and valid fears of anti-Blackness.” But how can a younger generation delicately debunk such messages? Use respected people to make your point, suggests researcher Surer Mohamed. Wellcome Collection
## 11 Early in the pandemic, Harris County, Texas kept COVID-19 at bay thanks to a herculean public health effort. Health department staff logged 16-hour days using contact tracing and outreach to prevent people from getting sick in the first place. The success didn’t last.\nPublic health efforts couldn’t compete with the weight of a shambolic national response alongside chronic underfunding that preceded COVID-19.\nAnd that’s despite decades of research showing that a robust national public health system could save billions of dollars a year in illnesses averted. The New York Times
## 12 The Moderna candidate vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 generated an immune response and showed no serious adverse effects, the US NIH reports.\nThe vaccine prompted neutralizing antibody activity in 45 healthy adults participating in the ongoing Phase 1 trial, according to interim results published yesterday in the New England Journal of Medicine.\nThe vaccine targets the portion of the coronavirus “spike” protein used by the virus to break into cells.Other vaccine news:
## 13 As COVID-19 cases rocket upward, the White House is facing blowback from an apparent campaign to take down Anthony Fauci a notch or two.\nThe distracting row emerged after a Saturday Washington Post article included a White House laundry list of alleged mistakes by the nation’s top immunologist—including early guidance against the public wearing masks, which Fauci has admitted was a misstep, the Post reports.\n \nThe White House denies launching a smear campaign against Fauci, but Trump continues to retweet attacks on Fauci.\nMeanwhile, the public health community has jumped to his defense. \n \n“Scientists need to stand together in defense of science but most importantly in the defense of people’s lives,” Consortium of Universities for Global Health chief Keith Martin said in a statement that called on the US medical community to defend Fauci.\n \nBut according to NPR, officials say Fauci remains a valued voice in the administration—and retains a singular focus on public health.
## 14 As COVID-19 cases rocket upward, the White House is facing blowback from an apparent campaign to take down Anthony Fauci a notch or two.\nThe distracting row emerged after a Saturday Washington Post article included a White House laundry list of alleged mistakes by the nation’s top immunologist—including early guidance against the public wearing masks, which Fauci has admitted was a misstep, the Post reports.\n \nThe White House denies launching a smear campaign against Fauci, but Trump continues to retweet attacks on Fauci.\nMeanwhile, the public health community has jumped to his defense. \n \n“Scientists need to stand together in defense of science but most importantly in the defense of people’s lives,” Consortium of Universities for Global Health chief Keith Martin said in a statement that called on the US medical community to defend Fauci.\n \nBut according to NPR, officials say Fauci remains a valued voice in the administration—and retains a singular focus on public health.
## 15 As COVID-19 cases rocket upward, the White House is facing blowback from an apparent campaign to take down Anthony Fauci a notch or two.\nThe distracting row emerged after a Saturday Washington Post article included a White House laundry list of alleged mistakes by the nation’s top immunologist—including early guidance against the public wearing masks, which Fauci has admitted was a misstep, the Post reports.\n \nThe White House denies launching a smear campaign against Fauci, but Trump continues to retweet attacks on Fauci.\nMeanwhile, the public health community has jumped to his defense. \n \n“Scientists need to stand together in defense of science but most importantly in the defense of people’s lives,” Consortium of Universities for Global Health chief Keith Martin said in a statement that called on the US medical community to defend Fauci.\n \nBut according to NPR, officials say Fauci remains a valued voice in the administration—and retains a singular focus on public health.
## 16 As COVID-19 cases rocket upward, the White House is facing blowback from an apparent campaign to take down Anthony Fauci a notch or two.\nThe distracting row emerged after a Saturday Washington Post article included a White House laundry list of alleged mistakes by the nation’s top immunologist—including early guidance against the public wearing masks, which Fauci has admitted was a misstep, the Post reports.\n \nThe White House denies launching a smear campaign against Fauci, but Trump continues to retweet attacks on Fauci.\nMeanwhile, the public health community has jumped to his defense. \n \n“Scientists need to stand together in defense of science but most importantly in the defense of people’s lives,” Consortium of Universities for Global Health chief Keith Martin said in a statement that called on the US medical community to defend Fauci.\n \nBut according to NPR, officials say Fauci remains a valued voice in the administration—and retains a singular focus on public health.
## 17 Nearly a third of young adults are medically vulnerable to severe illness from COVID-19—and smoking is the population’s strongest risk factor, CNN reports, citing a study published yesterday in the Journal of Adolescent Health.\nOf 8,000 18-25 year-olds surveyed on underlying health conditions and smoking, 32% were “medically vulnerable,” to severe COVID-19, University of California, San Francisco researchers determined. That percentage dropped to 16% when smokers were removed from the sample.\n“Recent evidence indicates that smoking is associated with a higher likelihood of COVID-19 progression, including increased illness severity, ICU admission or death,” says lead author Sally Adams, lead author of the study and a specialist at UCSF.\nIn the group of nonsmokers, women—who report more asthma and immune conditions—were at a higher risk. But higher rates of smoking in young adult men overrode this in the whole study population.
## 18 Too many governments are “headed in the wrong direction” in their response to the pandemic, the WHO warned yesterday as the world’s cases hit a record daily high of 230,000.Nearly 80% of the latest cases are in 10 countries; half of those cases are in the US and Brazil.\n“The virus remains public enemy number one, but the actions of many governments and people do not reflect this,” WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said, adding that mixed messages are hurting the response.Hotspots and highlights:CIDRAP
## 19 More than 3,000 health care workers worldwide have died from COVID-19—and that’s likely a “significant underestimate,” according to an Amnesty International report published today.\nIn addition to the risks of caring for COVID patients (often with scarce protective equipment), health workers face reprisals if they speak out about care issues, the Irish Times reports. \nCountries with the most health worker deaths include: \nReprisals include the detention of health workers in Egypt, the police shutdown of a protest in Malaysia, and the firing of a US nursing assistant who posted a Facebook video on the PPE shortage. The Quote: “Health workers on the front line are the first to know if government policy is not working, and authorities who silence them cannot seriously claim to be prioritising public health,” said Colm O’Gorman, executive director of Amnesty International Ireland.
## 20 More than 3,000 health care workers worldwide have died from COVID-19—and that’s likely a “significant underestimate,” according to an Amnesty International report published today.\nIn addition to the risks of caring for COVID patients (often with scarce protective equipment), health workers face reprisals if they speak out about care issues, the Irish Times reports. \nCountries with the most health worker deaths include: \nReprisals include the detention of health workers in Egypt, the police shutdown of a protest in Malaysia, and the firing of a US nursing assistant who posted a Facebook video on the PPE shortage. The Quote: “Health workers on the front line are the first to know if government policy is not working, and authorities who silence them cannot seriously claim to be prioritising public health,” said Colm O’Gorman, executive director of Amnesty International Ireland.
## 21 More than 3,000 health care workers worldwide have died from COVID-19—and that’s likely a “significant underestimate,” according to an Amnesty International report published today.\nIn addition to the risks of caring for COVID patients (often with scarce protective equipment), health workers face reprisals if they speak out about care issues, the Irish Times reports. \nCountries with the most health worker deaths include: \nReprisals include the detention of health workers in Egypt, the police shutdown of a protest in Malaysia, and the firing of a US nursing assistant who posted a Facebook video on the PPE shortage. The Quote: “Health workers on the front line are the first to know if government policy is not working, and authorities who silence them cannot seriously claim to be prioritising public health,” said Colm O’Gorman, executive director of Amnesty International Ireland.
## 22 More than 3,000 health care workers worldwide have died from COVID-19—and that’s likely a “significant underestimate,” according to an Amnesty International report published today.\nIn addition to the risks of caring for COVID patients (often with scarce protective equipment), health workers face reprisals if they speak out about care issues, the Irish Times reports. \nCountries with the most health worker deaths include: \nReprisals include the detention of health workers in Egypt, the police shutdown of a protest in Malaysia, and the firing of a US nursing assistant who posted a Facebook video on the PPE shortage. The Quote: “Health workers on the front line are the first to know if government policy is not working, and authorities who silence them cannot seriously claim to be prioritising public health,” said Colm O’Gorman, executive director of Amnesty International Ireland.
## 23 Some COVID-19 test results in the US are taking so long to come back that “contact tracing is almost useless,” Crystal R. Watson, a senior associate at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, tells The Washington Post.In Arizona, it can take 2 weeks to get results; by then, a person may have already gone on to infect others. \nAcross the Sun Belt, labs can’t keep up with demand. And the push for tests is leading to shortages in testing supplies like swabs—fundamental infrastructural problems that have haunted the US from the get-go.\nYet months in, the US still lacks a strategic approach to testing and tracing, write Onkar Ghate and Elan Journo of the Ayn Rand Institute in a commentary for The Hill.The Quote: “Imagine if the Army tried to fend off an invasion with a small fraction of the needed troops, antique weapons and no plan. That, in a nutshell, appears to be how our government is responding in the pandemic.”\n
## 24 Patchwork recordkeeping has hampered the US response to COVID-19’s disproportionate toll on communities of color.\n \nAbout half of recorded COVID-19 cases are missing race and ethnicity data, Science reports—but local snapshots offer a microcosm of the problem:While new federal guidance requires COVID-19 testing labs to report race and ethnicity information to the government starting August 1, that decision came late in the game.\n \nThe CDC’s missteps in addressing COVID-19’s impact on communities of color comes amid “ongoing and recurring acts of racism and discrimination” at the agency itself, according to a letter signed by 1,000+ current CDC employees, NPR reports.
## 25 WHO is enlisting an independent panel to evaluate its global COVID-19 response, the agency announced yesterday.\n \nThe evaluation, the WHO emphasized, is a response to a request from member states in May—not to scrutiny from the US, whose President Trump has accused the agency of kowtowing to China.\n \n2 female former heads of state—former Prime Minister of New Zealand Helen Clark and former President of Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf—will lead the panel and choose its members.\n \nBoth women already have strong ties to the WHO, Reuters reports. \n \nCalling for balance, Lawrence Gostin of Georgetown Law cautioned that the panel must not be an “inside job,” nor should it pander to conspiracy theories.\n \n“What is really vital is we have truly independent experts from a variety of disciplines…” he told Reuters.\n \nThe panel will present interim findings in November and a more robust report next May.
## 26 WHO is enlisting an independent panel to evaluate its global COVID-19 response, the agency announced yesterday.\n \nThe evaluation, the WHO emphasized, is a response to a request from member states in May—not to scrutiny from the US, whose President Trump has accused the agency of kowtowing to China.\n \n2 female former heads of state—former Prime Minister of New Zealand Helen Clark and former President of Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf—will lead the panel and choose its members.\n \nBoth women already have strong ties to the WHO, Reuters reports. \n \nCalling for balance, Lawrence Gostin of Georgetown Law cautioned that the panel must not be an “inside job,” nor should it pander to conspiracy theories.\n \n“What is really vital is we have truly independent experts from a variety of disciplines…” he told Reuters.\n \nThe panel will present interim findings in November and a more robust report next May.
## 27 WHO is enlisting an independent panel to evaluate its global COVID-19 response, the agency announced yesterday.\n \nThe evaluation, the WHO emphasized, is a response to a request from member states in May—not to scrutiny from the US, whose President Trump has accused the agency of kowtowing to China.\n \n2 female former heads of state—former Prime Minister of New Zealand Helen Clark and former President of Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf—will lead the panel and choose its members.\n \nBoth women already have strong ties to the WHO, Reuters reports. \n \nCalling for balance, Lawrence Gostin of Georgetown Law cautioned that the panel must not be an “inside job,” nor should it pander to conspiracy theories.\n \n“What is really vital is we have truly independent experts from a variety of disciplines…” he told Reuters.\n \nThe panel will present interim findings in November and a more robust report next May.
## 28 WHO is enlisting an independent panel to evaluate its global COVID-19 response, the agency announced yesterday.\n \nThe evaluation, the WHO emphasized, is a response to a request from member states in May—not to scrutiny from the US, whose President Trump has accused the agency of kowtowing to China.\n \n2 female former heads of state—former Prime Minister of New Zealand Helen Clark and former President of Liberia Ellen Johnson Sirleaf—will lead the panel and choose its members.\n \nBoth women already have strong ties to the WHO, Reuters reports. \n \nCalling for balance, Lawrence Gostin of Georgetown Law cautioned that the panel must not be an “inside job,” nor should it pander to conspiracy theories.\n \n“What is really vital is we have truly independent experts from a variety of disciplines…” he told Reuters.\n \nThe panel will present interim findings in November and a more robust report next May.
## 29 Michigan has touted strict rules for essential workers during the pandemic. Yet when disastrous flooding hit the city of Midland, traveling workers brought in to clean up the mess—many of them undocumented immigrants—found themselves without proper PPE and sleeping in packed hotel rooms.\n \nMany got sick, then moved on to different areas, taking the virus with them.\n \nThis vast, mobile workforce is only expanding alongside climate-related disasters. But the disaster relief industry’s opaque network of sub-contractors makes it easy to skirt standards, and workers have little recourse.\n \n“No one is ultimately accountable." Says Saket Soni of the nonprofit Resilience Force.\n NPR
## 30 When researchers were invited inside California’s San Quentin prison, they found an ideal breeding ground for COVID-19, Nature’s Amy Maxmen reports.\n “Ventilation is poor—windows have been welded shut and the fan system does not appear to have been turned on for years,” they wrote in an urgent memo from the UC Berkeley School of Public Health and the Amend program at UC San Francisco.\n \nThey recommended reducing the facility’s population by half to avoid “dire implications.” That didn’t happen. Multiple times, the prison declined free testing help.\n Within 2 weeks of the memo, cases shot up from 198 to 1,389.\n \nSan Quentin’s outbreak is not unique. New Bloomberg School research found that the proportion of US prison residents who tested positive for COVID-19 was 5.5 times higher than the general population. \nAnd with prison work camps under lockdown, California is entering another dangerous fire season with a severely depleted workforce of inmate fire crewsthe state relies on to battle blazes, The Sacramento Bee reports. \n
## 31 The US clocked another record-breaking day with 60,500 new COVID-19 infections reported yesterday, according to Reuters—the largest one-day increase by any country since the pandemic's emergence.\nYet the political divide deepens, as many Americans in hard-hit states continue to resist embracing precautions like wearing masks.“You know, we’re putting ourselves at risk and other people aren’t willing to do anything and in fact go the other way and be aggressive to promote the disease. It’s really, it’s really hard,” says Andrew Pastewski, ICU medical director at Jackson South Medical Center in Miami.\nPartisanship is hurting the pandemic response, US infectious disease expert Anthony Fauci said in a FiveThirtyEight podcast. Some states should consider shutting down again, he told CNN. President Trump hit back with public criticism of Fauci yesterday, telling Fox News that Fauci “has made a lot of mistakes,” NBC reports.\nHealth workers, meanwhile, are sending out distress signals over hospitals straining to the breaking point. A Florida hospital likened the flood of patients to a "bus accident a day," according to The New York Times. South Carolina is calling up National Guard troops to help insert intravenous lines and take vitals. And hospitals in states including Mississippi, Arizona and California are running out of beds.The Quote: “I’m glad some of you are sheltered from what unbridled Covid-19 looks like. It’s a hell show,” Richard Loftus, a Los Angeles-area doctor, posted to a Facebook physician group.\n
## 32 Frontline health workers report a frustrating return to shortages of protective gear.\nThe White House’s suggestion? Reuse their face masks and personal protective equipment, reports Fox News, citing Vice President Mike Pence’s comments yesterday.\nNational Nurses United expressed alarm over the persistent shortages and message to reuse their gear. “We’re five months into this and there are still shortages of gowns, hair covers, shoe covers, masks, N95 masks,” says its president, Deborah Burger.Nurses say they’re reusing N95 masks designed for single use for days and even weeks at a time, or given less-protective surgical masks, according to The Washington Post. The American Medical Association warns that health care providers outside major hospital systems can’t reopen because of the shortages, and urges the White House to compel manufacturers to boost production.\nBut the Trump administration maintains that PPE shortages are overblown. Rear Adm. John Polowczyk, Trump’s point-person on pandemic supplies, says domestic manufacturing is up—and suggests that providers are hoarding supplies.That doesn’t square with escalating pleas from medical associations, governors, nursing homes and members of Congress.The Quote: “It is akin to fighting a war in which each state is responsible for procuring its own weapons and body armor,” says Washington state Gov. Jay Inslee.
## 33 Frontline health workers report a frustrating return to shortages of protective gear.\nThe White House’s suggestion? Reuse their face masks and personal protective equipment, reports Fox News, citing Vice President Mike Pence’s comments yesterday.\nNational Nurses United expressed alarm over the persistent shortages and message to reuse their gear. “We’re five months into this and there are still shortages of gowns, hair covers, shoe covers, masks, N95 masks,” says its president, Deborah Burger.Nurses say they’re reusing N95 masks designed for single use for days and even weeks at a time, or given less-protective surgical masks, according to The Washington Post. The American Medical Association warns that health care providers outside major hospital systems can’t reopen because of the shortages, and urges the White House to compel manufacturers to boost production.\nBut the Trump administration maintains that PPE shortages are overblown. Rear Adm. John Polowczyk, Trump’s point-person on pandemic supplies, says domestic manufacturing is up—and suggests that providers are hoarding supplies.That doesn’t square with escalating pleas from medical associations, governors, nursing homes and members of Congress.The Quote: “It is akin to fighting a war in which each state is responsible for procuring its own weapons and body armor,” says Washington state Gov. Jay Inslee.
## 34 Frontline health workers report a frustrating return to shortages of protective gear.\nThe White House’s suggestion? Reuse their face masks and personal protective equipment, reports Fox News, citing Vice President Mike Pence’s comments yesterday.\nNational Nurses United expressed alarm over the persistent shortages and message to reuse their gear. “We’re five months into this and there are still shortages of gowns, hair covers, shoe covers, masks, N95 masks,” says its president, Deborah Burger.Nurses say they’re reusing N95 masks designed for single use for days and even weeks at a time, or given less-protective surgical masks, according to The Washington Post. The American Medical Association warns that health care providers outside major hospital systems can’t reopen because of the shortages, and urges the White House to compel manufacturers to boost production.\nBut the Trump administration maintains that PPE shortages are overblown. Rear Adm. John Polowczyk, Trump’s point-person on pandemic supplies, says domestic manufacturing is up—and suggests that providers are hoarding supplies.That doesn’t square with escalating pleas from medical associations, governors, nursing homes and members of Congress.The Quote: “It is akin to fighting a war in which each state is responsible for procuring its own weapons and body armor,” says Washington state Gov. Jay Inslee.
## 35 Frontline health workers report a frustrating return to shortages of protective gear.\nThe White House’s suggestion? Reuse their face masks and personal protective equipment, reports Fox News, citing Vice President Mike Pence’s comments yesterday.\nNational Nurses United expressed alarm over the persistent shortages and message to reuse their gear. “We’re five months into this and there are still shortages of gowns, hair covers, shoe covers, masks, N95 masks,” says its president, Deborah Burger.Nurses say they’re reusing N95 masks designed for single use for days and even weeks at a time, or given less-protective surgical masks, according to The Washington Post. The American Medical Association warns that health care providers outside major hospital systems can’t reopen because of the shortages, and urges the White House to compel manufacturers to boost production.\nBut the Trump administration maintains that PPE shortages are overblown. Rear Adm. John Polowczyk, Trump’s point-person on pandemic supplies, says domestic manufacturing is up—and suggests that providers are hoarding supplies.That doesn’t square with escalating pleas from medical associations, governors, nursing homes and members of Congress.The Quote: “It is akin to fighting a war in which each state is responsible for procuring its own weapons and body armor,” says Washington state Gov. Jay Inslee.
## 36 In the fight against racism’s damaging effects on health, there is a proven solution: Community Health Workers.\n“...the thing we need to solve is injustice,” says Shreya Kangovi, executive director of the Penn Center for Community Health Workers. “We can’t always just have disease-specific interventions–those are treating the symptoms. We have to get close to the root.”\nAs “trusted, respected people who have had some of the same experiences in life as the people they serve,” CHW are ideally placed to respond—and their recommendations are often better accepted.\nCHW pay off economically, too—studies show they lower emergency care costs. And yet, there are only 58,950 CHW in the US.\nThe missing piece? Financing, Kangovi says.The Philadelphia Inquirer
## 37 As debate around reopening schools reaches a crescendo, US President Trump has doubled down on his commitment to reopening—even as daily US cases reach new highs, CNN reports.*\nAfter Trump blasted CDC school reopening guidelines as “very tough and expensive,” Vice President Mike Pence said the CDC will revise its guidelines next week. But despite calls from the White House to do so, CDC Director Robert Redfield clarified Thursday that the agency would not revise its guidelines but provide additional reference documents, CNN reports.*\nElsewhere, some 20 countries have already reopened classrooms under a patchwork of restrictions, Science reports. Some countries, including Taiwan and Sweden, never closed schools. Analyses have show some promising patterns: smaller groups, social distancing, and masks seem to help keep the virus at bay.\n \nBut as long as schools are open, classroom outbreaks will happen—and important unknowns were ignored by the White House’s National Dialogue on Safely Reopening America's Schools this week, warned Tom Inglesby, director of the Bloomberg School's Center for Health Security.\nWhile there’s consensus that children are among the lowest-risk groups for COVID-19 infection, one key variable is that “We don’t have enough evidence about how frequently children spread COVID-19 to other children.”*This post has been updated to include the CDC's stance on revising reopening guidelines, which was reported after GHN was prepared.
## 38 Officially, Africa now has over half a million COVID-19 cases—but yawning gaps in testing mean that number is far from reliable, warns WHO Africa chief Matshidiso Moeti, the AP reports.\n \nFor context: Latin America, with roughly half the population of Africa, has recorded 2.9 million cases, Reuters reports.\n \nAfrica’s relatively low case count paints a deceiving picture of COVID-19’s likely toll—but without reliable numbers, it’s near-impossible to plan a vigorous response and gather donor funds.\n \nThe lack of data also makes it harder to justify “the economic pain that shutting down countries causes,” says Amanda McClelland of the US-based health policy initiative Resolve to Save Lives. \n \nOn top of massive testing shortages, some governments suppress information about the virus. Tanzanian officials have blown off WHO meetings and haven’t published coronavirus data since early May—frustrating more stringent neighbors across porous borders.
## 39 Evidence is mounting that tiny, infectious COVID-19 droplets linger in the air longer than once thought, according to a group of scientists urging the WHO to update its guidance, The Washington Post reports.\n200+ scientists from 30 countries collaborated on an open letter—set to be published in the journal Clinical Infectious Disease—directed at the agency, which has maintained that SARS-CoV-2 is spread primarily by large respiratory droplets that quickly sink to the floor.\nIf airborne transmission is proven to be a major factor in the spread, the consequences for containment will be significant—especially in crowded, poorly ventilated settings, according to The New York Times.It could lead to upgraded guidance, such as:\nWHO, under criticism for being slow and risk-averse in responding to research developments, pledged to review the issue but defended its cautious approach—which must also weigh the impact of evolving guidance on low-resource member nations.
## 40 Evidence is mounting that tiny, infectious COVID-19 droplets linger in the air longer than once thought, according to a group of scientists urging the WHO to update its guidance, The Washington Post reports.\n200+ scientists from 30 countries collaborated on an open letter—set to be published in the journal Clinical Infectious Disease—directed at the agency, which has maintained that SARS-CoV-2 is spread primarily by large respiratory droplets that quickly sink to the floor.\nIf airborne transmission is proven to be a major factor in the spread, the consequences for containment will be significant—especially in crowded, poorly ventilated settings, according to The New York Times.It could lead to upgraded guidance, such as:\nWHO, under criticism for being slow and risk-averse in responding to research developments, pledged to review the issue but defended its cautious approach—which must also weigh the impact of evolving guidance on low-resource member nations.
## 41 Evidence is mounting that tiny, infectious COVID-19 droplets linger in the air longer than once thought, according to a group of scientists urging the WHO to update its guidance, The Washington Post reports.\n200+ scientists from 30 countries collaborated on an open letter—set to be published in the journal Clinical Infectious Disease—directed at the agency, which has maintained that SARS-CoV-2 is spread primarily by large respiratory droplets that quickly sink to the floor.\nIf airborne transmission is proven to be a major factor in the spread, the consequences for containment will be significant—especially in crowded, poorly ventilated settings, according to The New York Times.It could lead to upgraded guidance, such as:\nWHO, under criticism for being slow and risk-averse in responding to research developments, pledged to review the issue but defended its cautious approach—which must also weigh the impact of evolving guidance on low-resource member nations.
## 42 Evidence is mounting that tiny, infectious COVID-19 droplets linger in the air longer than once thought, according to a group of scientists urging the WHO to update its guidance, The Washington Post reports.\n200+ scientists from 30 countries collaborated on an open letter—set to be published in the journal Clinical Infectious Disease—directed at the agency, which has maintained that SARS-CoV-2 is spread primarily by large respiratory droplets that quickly sink to the floor.\nIf airborne transmission is proven to be a major factor in the spread, the consequences for containment will be significant—especially in crowded, poorly ventilated settings, according to The New York Times.It could lead to upgraded guidance, such as:\nWHO, under criticism for being slow and risk-averse in responding to research developments, pledged to review the issue but defended its cautious approach—which must also weigh the impact of evolving guidance on low-resource member nations.
## 43 What percentage of a population must be immune to reach COVID-19 herd immunity?\n \nBased on a common estimate that each infected person will infect 2.5 people: 60%.\n \nBut it’s not that simple. With a naturally spreading virus like COVID-19—as opposed to a vaccine—variations in susceptibility are key to determining the herd immunity threshold. These nuances are incredibly complex and, some say, under-researched.\n \nEpidemiologists have “been a little sloppy in thinking about herd immunity,” says Virginia Tech’s Kate Langwig, calling for more care in estimating thresholds.\n \nBut until there’s a vaccine, says Columbia University’s Jeffrey Shaman, there’s really just one path: “Do our best to prevent new cases.”\n Quanta
## 44 New CDC data reveals an even clearer picture of COVID-19’s disproportionate toll on Black and Latino people in the US. And that is regardless of where they are and how old they are.\n The New York Times, which obtained the data after suing the CDC, found that Black and Latino people have been 3X as likely to become infected as their white neighbors, and nearly twice as likely to die from the virus as white people.\n \nBut the data set is far from complete: race and ethnicity information is missing from more than half the cases.\n \nThe convergence of health disparities and police violence—laid bare in the homicide of George Floyd—has created a pile-on of stress for Black doctors and patients, AP reports.\n “We are exhausted and we are not OK,” said Patrice Harris, a psychiatrist who was the second Black physician to lead the American Medical Association.
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