https://rpubs.com/alex_istrate/613905

1 General part

2 Special part

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Objectives

2.2 Methods

2.2.1 Statisitcal analysis of the data

To describe the quantitative variables, we used histograms and we calculated the arithmetic means ±standard deviation (SD) [with 95% confidence interval (CI)], as well as the extreme and median values. For the qualitative variables, we used pie or bar charts and calculated the absolute and percentual frequencies of the formed categories.

To study the relationships between quantitative and qualitative variables, we used the T or Mann-Whitney (MW) tests if they were binary, respectively ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis (KW) if they had more categories. We presented the p values generated by these tests as well as the means ±SD of the groups and the difference of the means with associated 95% CI. We graphically presented the results in the form of box plots. To study the relationships between the quantitative variables we used the Spearman correlation coefficient (R), with the associated p-value and graphically presented the relations as scatter plots, on which we added the regression line. To describe the relationships between the qualitative variables we used the Chi² or Fisher test and the Cramer phi or V and Odds-Ratio (OR) / Relative Risk (RR) indicators with 95% CI. We graphically presented the results in the form of pie or bar charts.

We used Microsoft Excel 2016 for database management. For all statistical analyzes and subsequent graphs we used R 3.6.3 [1]. We considered p <0.05 to be statistically significant and p <0.10 to show only a tendency towards statistical significance.

2.3 Results

  • Mortality rate in total, differences in gender and urbal vs rural.

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

vs. Deceased

Sex

yes

no

(total)

F

10 (58.8% / 52.6%)

7 (41.2% / 33.3%)

17 (42.5%)

M

9 (39.1% / 47.4%)

14 (60.9% / 66.7%)

23 (57.5%)

(total)

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40 (100%)

OR=2.22 [0.62, 7.98], RR=1.50 [0.81, 2.78], phi=0.19 (p=0.337)

vs. Deceased

Residence

yes

no

(total)

rural

6 (60.0% / 31.6%)

4 (40.0% / 19.0%)

10 (25.0%)

urban

13 (43.3% / 68.4%)

17 (56.7% / 81.0%)

30 (75.0%)

(total)

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40 (100%)

OR=1.96 [0.46, 8.42], RR=1.38 [0.76, 2.53], phi=0.14 (p=0.473)

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

  • How many had endocardial and how many subendocardial infarction and the relation to mortality.

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

vs. Deceased

Diagnosis of MI

yes

no

(total)

transmural

16 (55.2% / 84.2%)

13 (44.8% / 65.0%)

29 (74.4%)

subendocardial

3 (30.0% / 15.8%)

7 (70.0% / 35.0%)

10 (25.6%)

(total)

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

39 (100%)

OR=2.87 [0.62, 13.37], RR=1.84 [0.75, 4.53], phi=0.22 (p=0.273)

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

  • Prevalence of cardiac arrest, and also the difference here in resuscitation success and how many of them died.

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

vs. Deceased

Cardiac arrest

yes

no

(total)

no

1 (9.1% / 5.3%)

10 (90.9% / 47.6%)

11 (27.5%)

yes

5 (71.4% / 26.3%)

2 (28.6% / 9.5%)

7 (17.5%)

yes: IHCA

12 (66.7% / 63.2%)

6 (33.3% / 28.6%)

18 (45.0%)

yes: OHCA

1 (25.0% / 5.3%)

3 (75.0% / 14.3%)

4 (10.0%)

(total)

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40 (100%)

V=0.54 (p=0.009)

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

vs. Deceased

Cardiac arrest

yes

no

(total)

yes

18 (62.1% / 94.7%)

11 (37.9% / 52.4%)

29 (72.5%)

no

1 (9.1% / 5.3%)

10 (90.9% / 47.6%)

11 (27.5%)

(total)

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40 (100%)

OR=16.36 [1.83, 145.95], RR=6.83 [1.50, 30.98], phi=0.47 (p=0.004)

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

vs. Resuscitation

Cardiac arrest

yes

no

(total)

no

0

11 (100% / 91.7%)

11 (27.5%)

yes

7 (100% / 25.0%)

0

7 (17.5%)

yes: IHCA

18 (100% / 64.3%)

0

18 (45.0%)

yes: OHCA

3 (75.0% / 10.7%)

1 (25.0% / 8.3%)

4 (10.0%)

(total)

28 (70.0%)

12 (30.0%)

40 (100%)

V=0.95 (p<0.001)

vs. Resuscitation successful

Cardiac arrest

no

yes

yes, no

yes 2x, no

/

(total)

no

0

0

0

0

11 (100% / 91.7%)

11 (27.5%)

yes

3 (42.9% / 37.5%)

3 (42.9% / 25.0%)

1 (14.3% / 14.3%)

0

0

7 (17.5%)

yes: IHCA

5 (27.8% / 62.5%)

7 (38.9% / 58.3%)

5 (27.8% / 71.4%)

1 (5.6% / 100%)

0

18 (45.0%)

yes: OHCA

0

2 (50.0% / 16.7%)

1 (25.0% / 14.3%)

0

1 (25.0% / 8.3%)

4 (10.0%)

(total)

8 (20.0%)

12 (30.0%)

7 (17.5%)

1 (2.5%)

12 (30.0%)

40 (100%)

V=0.58 (p<0.001)

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

  • How many needed resucitation and how many were succesful.

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

vs. Resuscitation

Resuscitation successful

no

yes

yes 2x

yes 3x

(total)

no

0

8 (100% / 40.0%)

0

0

8 (20.0%)

yes

0

12 (100% / 60.0%)

0

0

12 (30.0%)

yes, no

0

0

7 (100% / 100%)

0

7 (17.5%)

yes 2x, no

0

0

0

1 (100% / 100%)

1 (2.5%)

/

12 (100% / 100%)

0

0

0

12 (30.0%)

(total)

12 (30.0%)

20 (50.0%)

7 (17.5%)

1 (2.5%)

40 (100%)

V=>0.99 (p<0.001)

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

  • Prevalence of complicatipons and there distribution (Cardiac Arrest, Arrhtyhmias, Shock, PE)

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Cardiogenic shock

19 (100%)

16 (76.2%)

35 (87.5%)

OR=13.00 [0.67, 252.98], RR=10 000.00 [10 000.00, 10 000.00] (p=0.049)

Cardiac arrest

no

1 (5.3%)

10 (47.6%)

11 (27.5%)

V=0.54 (p=0.009)

yes

5 (26.3%)

2 (9.5%)

7 (17.5%)

yes: IHCA

12 (63.2%)

6 (28.6%)

18 (45.0%)

yes: OHCA

1 (5.3%)

3 (14.3%)

4 (10.0%)

Arrhythmia

18 (94.7%)

17 (81.0%)

35 (87.5%)

OR=4.24 [0.43, 41.80], RR=2.57 [0.65, 10.17] (p=0.345)

Acidosis

yes

17 (89.5%)

14 (66.7%)

31 (77.5%)

V=0.31 (p=0.152)

no

1 (5.3%)

6 (28.6%)

7 (17.5%)

alkalosis

1 (5.3%)

1 (4.8%)

2 (5.0%)

Pulmonary embolism

6 (31.6%)

9 (42.9%)

15 (37.5%)

OR=0.62 [0.17, 2.25], RR=0.77 [0.39, 1.52] (p=0.527)

Need of ventilatory support at admission

IV

12 (63.2%)

13 (61.9%)

25 (62.5%)

V=0.16 (p=0.596)

NIV

6 (31.6%)

5 (23.8%)

11 (27.5%)

NIV & IV

1 (5.3%)

3 (14.3%)

4 (10.0%)

OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test);

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

  • Prevalence of Risk factors.

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Dyslipidemia

8 (72.7%)

13 (68.4%)

21 (70.0%)

OR=1.23 [0.24, 6.36], RR=1.14 [0.43, 3.01] (p>0.999)

HTN

13 (68.4%)

13 (61.9%)

26 (65.0%)

OR=1.33 [0.36, 4.93], RR=1.17 [0.59, 2.29] (p=0.748)

DM

7 (36.8%)

6 (28.6%)

13 (32.5%)

OR=1.46 [0.39, 5.51], RR=1.21 [0.65, 2.25] (p=0.738)

Renal Failure

11 (57.9%)

8 (38.1%)

19 (47.5%)

OR=2.23 [0.63, 7.93], RR=1.52 [0.81, 2.86] (p=0.342)

Old MI

4 (21.1%)

3 (14.3%)

7 (17.5%)

OR=1.60 [0.31, 8.30], RR=1.26 [0.65, 2.43] (p=0.689)

OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test);

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

  • Mean hospital stay and sty on ICU.

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Duration of ICU stay

μ ±SD

4.02 ±3.69

9.14 ±12.4

6.71 ±9.57

MW: p=0.118

M (min:max)

3 (0.1:13)

4 (1:52)

4 (0.1:52)

Total hospitalisation

μ ±SD

5.80 ±5.08

15.05 ±10.8

10.65 ±9.69

MW: p<0.001

M (min:max)

4 (0.1:18)

11 (3:52)

8.5 (0.1:52)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

Figure 2: Age distribution, at each intervention, colored by sex. (| mean, ¦ median).

Figure 2: Age distribution, at each intervention, colored by sex. (| mean, ¦ median).

  • Ventilatory support difference between IV and NIV ad admission.

Figure 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

2.3.1 Demographics

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Sex

F

10 (52.6%)

7 (33.3%)

17 (42.5%)

OR=2.22 [0.62, 7.98] (p=0.337)

M

9 (47.4%)

14 (66.7%)

23 (57.5%)

Age (years)

μ ±SD

71.63 ±12.1

62.67 ±11.4

66.92 ±12.5

T-test: p=0.021

M (min:max)

74 (42:88)

65 (36:81)

70 (36:88)

Residence

rural

6 (31.6%)

4 (19.0%)

10 (25.0%)

OR=1.96 [0.46, 8.42] (p=0.473)

urban

13 (68.4%)

17 (81.0%)

30 (75.0%)

Year

2013

1 (5.3%)

1 (4.8%)

2 (5.0%)

V=0.46 (p=0.306)

2014

4 (21.1%)

1 (4.8%)

5 (12.5%)

2015

4 (21.1%)

8 (38.1%)

12 (30.0%)

2016

3 (15.8%)

4 (19.0%)

7 (17.5%)

2017

2 (10.5%)

0

2 (5.0%)

2018

1 (5.3%)

0

1 (2.5%)

2019

4 (21.1%)

5 (23.8%)

9 (22.5%)

2020

0

2 (9.5%)

2 (5.0%)

Resuscitation

no

1 (5.3%)

11 (52.4%)

12 (30.0%)

V=0.64 (p<0.001)

yes

10 (52.6%)

10 (47.6%)

20 (50.0%)

yes 2x

7 (36.8%)

0

7 (17.5%)

yes 3x

1 (5.3%)

0

1 (2.5%)

Resuscitation successful

no

8 (42.1%)

0

8 (20.0%)

V=0.86 (p<0.001)

yes

2 (10.5%)

10 (47.6%)

12 (30.0%)

yes, no

7 (36.8%)

0

7 (17.5%)

yes 2x, no

1 (5.3%)

0

1 (2.5%)

/

1 (5.3%)

11 (52.4%)

12 (30.0%)

Status at discharge

ameliorated

0

18 (85.7%)

18 (45.0%)

V=>0.99 (p<0.001)

stationary

0

3 (14.3%)

3 (7.5%)

deceased

19 (100%)

0

19 (47.5%)

Duration of ICU stay

μ ±SD

4.02 ±3.69

9.14 ±12.4

6.71 ±9.57

MW: p=0.118

M (min:max)

3 (0.1:13)

4 (1:52)

4 (0.1:52)

Total hospitalisation

μ ±SD

5.80 ±5.08

15.05 ±10.8

10.65 ±9.69

MW: p<0.001

M (min:max)

4 (0.1:18)

11 (3:52)

8.5 (0.1:52)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

Figure 3: Sex and place of residence distribution.

Figure 2: Age distribution, at each intervention, colored by sex. (| mean, ¦ median).

Figure 4: Correlation of hospital stay and age, colored by sex (Spearman’scorrelation coefficient).

Figure 4: Correlation of hospital stay and age, colored by sex (Spearman’scorrelation coefficient).

Figure 4: Correlation of hospital stay and age, colored by sex (Spearman’scorrelation coefficient).

2.3.2 Risk Factors

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Dyslipidemia

8 (72.7%)

13 (68.4%)

21 (70.0%)

OR=1.23 [0.24, 6.36] (p>0.999)

HTN

13 (68.4%)

13 (61.9%)

26 (65.0%)

OR=1.33 [0.36, 4.93] (p=0.748)

DM

7 (36.8%)

6 (28.6%)

13 (32.5%)

OR=1.46 [0.39, 5.51] (p=0.738)

Renal Failure

11 (57.9%)

8 (38.1%)

19 (47.5%)

OR=2.23 [0.63, 7.93] (p=0.342)

Old MI

4 (21.1%)

3 (14.3%)

7 (17.5%)

OR=1.60 [0.31, 8.30] (p=0.689)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

2.3.3 MI

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Diagnosis of MI

transmural

16 (84.2%)

13 (65.0%)

29 (74.4%)

OR=2.87 [0.62, 13.37] (p=0.273)

subendocardial

3 (15.8%)

7 (35.0%)

10 (25.6%)

Type of MI

STEMI

10 (83.3%)

12 (66.7%)

22 (73.3%)

OR=2.50 [0.41, 15.23] (p=0.419)

NSTEMI

2 (16.7%)

6 (33.3%)

8 (26.7%)

Location of MI

anterior

9 (56.2%)

6 (42.9%)

15 (50.0%)

V=0.44 (p=0.435)

anterior-lateral

0

1 (7.1%)

1 (3.3%)

anterior-septal

1 (6.2%)

0

1 (3.3%)

inferior

6 (37.5%)

4 (28.6%)

10 (33.3%)

inferior-lateral

0

1 (7.1%)

1 (3.3%)

septal

0

1 (7.1%)

1 (3.3%)

transmural

0

1 (7.1%)

1 (3.3%)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

2.3.4 AT Admission

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Heart rate

bardycardia

4 (25.0%)

2 (11.1%)

6 (17.6%)

V=0.30 (p=0.208)

normal

5 (31.2%)

11 (61.1%)

16 (47.1%)

tachycardia

7 (43.8%)

5 (27.8%)

12 (35.3%)

Blood pressure

hypotension

11 (78.6%)

7 (41.2%)

18 (58.1%)

V=0.40 (p=0.087)

normal

2 (14.3%)

4 (23.5%)

6 (19.4%)

hypertension

1 (7.1%)

6 (35.3%)

7 (22.6%)

Serum creatinin

decreased

1 (5.9%)

0

1 (2.6%)

V=0.31 (p=0.160)

normal

3 (17.6%)

9 (42.9%)

12 (31.6%)

increased

13 (76.5%)

12 (57.1%)

25 (65.8%)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

2.3.5 ECG

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

RS

8 (100%)

16 (94.1%)

24 (96.0%)

OR=1.55 [0.06, 42.15] (p>0.999)

Heart rate (bpm)

μ ±SD

97.69 ±33.8

96.95 ±30.8

97.25 ±31.5

T-test: p=0.949

M (min:max)

100 (35:145)

83 (65:180)

95 (35:180)

Blocks

5 (83.3%)

9 (81.8%)

14 (82.4%)

OR=1.11 [0.08, 15.53] (p>0.999)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

2.3.6 Biologic

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Biological changes

5 (26.3%)

8 (38.1%)

13 (32.5%)

OR=0.58 [0.15, 2.24] (p=0.511)

Leucocytosis

14 (93.3%)

18 (94.7%)

32 (94.1%)

OR=0.78 [0.04, 13.56] (p>0.999)

Prolonged coagulation

12 (75.0%)

16 (88.9%)

28 (82.4%)

OR=0.38 [0.06, 2.40] (p=0.387)

Inflammatory sdr. (ESR)

8 (88.9%)

12 (92.3%)

20 (90.9%)

OR=0.67 [0.04, 12.27] (p>0.999)

High blood nitrogen

14 (100%)

14 (93.3%)

28 (96.6%)

OR=3.00 [0.11, 79.91] (p>0.999)

Anemia

8 (88.9%)

7 (77.8%)

15 (83.3%)

OR=2.29 [0.17, 30.96] (p>0.999)

Hepatocelulysis

15 (88.2%)

15 (78.9%)

30 (83.3%)

OR=2.00 [0.32, 12.62] (p=0.662)

Glycemia

hypo

1 (5.3%)

1 (4.8%)

2 (5.0%)

V=0.05 (p=0.951)

normal

9 (47.4%)

9 (42.9%)

18 (45.0%)

hyper

9 (47.4%)

11 (52.4%)

20 (50.0%)

Acidosis

yes

17 (89.5%)

14 (66.7%)

31 (77.5%)

V=0.31 (p=0.152)

no

1 (5.3%)

6 (28.6%)

7 (17.5%)

alkalosis

1 (5.3%)

1 (4.8%)

2 (5.0%)

LDH

increased

15 (78.9%)

21 (100%)

36 (90.0%)

OR=0.08 [0.00, 1.60] (p=0.042)

normal

4 (21.1%)

0

4 (10.0%)

K

hypo

4 (36.4%)

8 (66.7%)

12 (52.2%)

V=0.32 (p=0.318)

normal

1 (9.1%)

1 (8.3%)

2 (8.7%)

hyper

6 (54.5%)

3 (25.0%)

9 (39.1%)

Na

hypo

3 (100%)

1 (20.0%)

4 (50.0%)

V=0.77 (p=0.091)

normal

0

3 (60.0%)

3 (37.5%)

hyper

0

1 (20.0%)

1 (12.5%)

CK-MB

increased

14 (82.4%)

17 (81.0%)

31 (81.6%)

OR=1.10 [0.21, 5.75] (p>0.999)

normal

3 (17.6%)

4 (19.0%)

7 (18.4%)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

2.3.7 Echo at admission

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

LV diameter

dilated

2 (28.6%)

5 (31.2%)

7 (30.4%)

OR=0.88 [0.13, 6.19] (p>0.999)

normal

5 (71.4%)

11 (68.8%)

16 (69.6%)

LVEF%

μ ±SD

32.22 ±8.7

32.81 ±9.99

32.60 ±9.37

T-test: p=0.884

M (min:max)

30 (20:45)

35 (15:50)

35 (15:50)

PHT

5 (83.3%)

3 (23.1%)

8 (42.1%)

OR=16.67 [1.36, 204.03] (p=0.041)

Valvulopathies

9 (47.4%)

13 (65.0%)

22 (56.4%)

OR=0.48 [0.13, 1.75] (p=0.341)

Tricuspid insufficiency

minimal

0

1 (8.3%)

1 (4.8%)

V=0.46 (p=0.605)

normal

3 (33.3%)

3 (25.0%)

6 (28.6%)

grade I

1 (11.1%)

2 (16.7%)

3 (14.3%)

grade I/II

0

2 (16.7%)

2 (9.5%)

grade II

3 (33.3%)

2 (16.7%)

5 (23.8%)

grade III

1 (11.1%)

2 (16.7%)

3 (14.3%)

severe

1 (11.1%)

0

1 (4.8%)

Aocrtic insufficiency

normal

5 (62.5%)

9 (75.0%)

14 (70.0%)

V=0.13 (p=0.836)

grade I

1 (12.5%)

1 (8.3%)

2 (10.0%)

grade II

2 (25.0%)

2 (16.7%)

4 (20.0%)

Mitral insufficiency

normal

0

4 (28.6%)

4 (17.4%)

V=0.48 (p=0.380)

mind

0

0

0

grade I

1 (11.1%)

1 (7.1%)

2 (8.7%)

grade I/II

0

1 (7.1%)

1 (4.3%)

grade II

4 (44.4%)

4 (28.6%)

8 (34.8%)

grade II/III

1 (11.1%)

0

1 (4.3%)

grade III

3 (33.3%)

4 (28.6%)

7 (30.4%)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

2.3.8 Coronarography

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

D I

3 (50.0%)

4 (57.1%)

7 (53.8%)

OR=0.75 [0.08, 6.71] (p>0.999)

D II

5 (71.4%)

4 (50.0%)

9 (60.0%)

OR=2.50 [0.29, 21.40] (p=0.608)

CD I

2 (40.0%)

4 (66.7%)

6 (54.5%)

OR=0.33 [0.03, 3.93] (p=0.567)

CD II

0

3 (75.0%)

3 (42.9%)

OR=0.06 [0.00, 2.08] (p=0.143)

CD III

1 (33.3%)

1 (50.0%)

2 (40.0%)

OR=0.50 [0.01, 19.56] (p>0.999)

C X

5 (83.3%)

6 (60.0%)

11 (68.8%)

OR=3.33 [0.28, 40.29] (p=0.588)

OM I

3 (100%)

6 (100%)

9 (100%)

OR=0.54 [0.01, 33.47] (p>0.999)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

2.3.9 Complication

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Cardiogenic shock

19 (100%)

16 (76.2%)

35 (87.5%)

OR=13.00 [0.67, 252.98] (p=0.049)

Cardiac arrest

no

1 (5.3%)

10 (47.6%)

11 (27.5%)

V=0.54 (p=0.009)

yes

5 (26.3%)

2 (9.5%)

7 (17.5%)

yes: IHCA

12 (63.2%)

6 (28.6%)

18 (45.0%)

yes: OHCA

1 (5.3%)

3 (14.3%)

4 (10.0%)

Arrhythmia

18 (94.7%)

17 (81.0%)

35 (87.5%)

OR=4.24 [0.43, 41.80] (p=0.345)

Acidosis

yes

17 (89.5%)

14 (66.7%)

31 (77.5%)

V=0.31 (p=0.152)

no

1 (5.3%)

6 (28.6%)

7 (17.5%)

alkalosis

1 (5.3%)

1 (4.8%)

2 (5.0%)

Pulmonary embolism

6 (31.6%)

9 (42.9%)

15 (37.5%)

OR=0.62 [0.17, 2.25] (p=0.527)

Need of ventilatory support at admission

IV

12 (63.2%)

13 (61.9%)

25 (62.5%)

V=0.16 (p=0.596)

NIV

6 (31.6%)

5 (23.8%)

11 (27.5%)

NIV & IV

1 (5.3%)

3 (14.3%)

4 (10.0%)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

2.3.10 Main Interventions on ICU

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

REHE

19 (100%)

21 (100%)

40 (100%)

OR=0.91 [0.02, 47.94] (p>0.999)

AB

19 (100%)

21 (100%)

40 (100%)

OR=0.91 [0.02, 47.94] (p>0.999)

Gastric antisecretory

15 (78.9%)

18 (85.7%)

33 (82.5%)

OR=0.62 [0.12, 3.24] (p=0.689)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

2.3.11 Treatments

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Statins

5 (26.3%)

12 (57.1%)

17 (42.5%)

OR=0.27 [0.07, 1.02] (p=0.062)

Antiaggreggation

13 (68.4%)

18 (85.7%)

31 (77.5%)

OR=0.36 [0.08, 1.72] (p=0.265)

Anticoagulant

15 (78.9%)

14 (66.7%)

29 (72.5%)

OR=1.88 [0.45, 7.82] (p=0.488)

Vasoactive

13 (68.4%)

12 (57.1%)

25 (62.5%)

OR=1.63 [0.44, 5.95] (p=0.527)

Ionotrop

17 (89.5%)

10 (47.6%)

27 (67.5%)

OR=9.35 [1.71, 51.03] (p=0.007)

Sedation

12 (63.2%)

14 (66.7%)

26 (65.0%)

OR=0.86 [0.23, 3.15] (p>0.999)

Anti-HBP

2 (10.5%)

4 (19.0%)

6 (15.0%)

OR=0.50 [0.08, 3.10] (p=0.664)

Antiarrhythmic

6 (31.6%)

11 (52.4%)

17 (42.5%)

OR=0.42 [0.12, 1.53] (p=0.216)

Transfussion

6 (100%)

2 (100%)

8 (100%)

OR=2.60 [0.04, 170.38] (p>0.999)

Cooling

3 (15.8%)

8 (38.1%)

11 (27.5%)

OR=0.30 [0.07, 1.39] (p=0.163)

External heating

0

1 (4.8%)

1 (2.5%)

OR=0.35 [0.01, 9.13] (p>0.999)

Diuretics

12 (100%)

7 (100%)

19 (100%)

OR=1.67 [0.03, 93.12] (p>0.999)

Dialysis

4 (21.1%)

3 (14.3%)

7 (17.5%)

OR=1.60 [0.31, 8.30] (p=0.689)

Analgetics

9 (100%)

6 (85.7%)

15 (93.8%)

OR=4.38 [0.15, 125.29] (p=0.438)

Insulin

2 (11.1%)

2 (9.5%)

4 (10.3%)

OR=1.19 [0.15, 9.41] (p>0.999)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

2.3.12 Treatments at discharge

Table 1: Demographic parameters of the sample.

Variable

Details

yes

no

Total

Statistics

Deceased

19 (47.5%)

21 (52.5%)

40

Standard treatment at discharge

0 (NA)

2 (10.5%)

2 (10.5%)

OR=7.00 [0.11, 438.68] (p>0.999)

Antiaggregation

0 (NA)

19 (100%)

19 (100%)

OR=0.03 [0.00, 3.18] (p>0.999)

Anticoagulation

0 (NA)

9 (47.4%)

9 (47.4%)

OR=1.11 [0.02, 61.38] (p>0.999)

Beta-Blocker

0 (NA)

17 (89.5%)

17 (89.5%)

OR=0.14 [0.00, 8.95] (p>0.999)

ACEi

0 (NA)

10 (55.6%)

10 (55.6%)

OR=0.81 [0.01, 45.22] (p>0.999)

Statin

0 (NA)

15 (83.3%)

15 (83.3%)

OR=0.23 [0.00, 13.46] (p>0.999)

Diuretic

0 (NA)

11 (61.1%)

11 (61.1%)

OR=0.65 [0.01, 36.56] (p>0.999)

Antiarrhythmic

0 (NA)

9 (50.0%)

9 (50.0%)

OR=1.00 [0.02, 55.80] (p>0.999)

Antisecretory

0 (NA)

6 (33.3%)

6 (33.3%)

OR=1.92 [0.03, 108.51] (p>0.999)

Antibiotic

0 (NA)

4 (21.1%)

4 (21.1%)

OR=3.44 [0.06, 199.29] (p>0.999)

Anti-diabetic

0 (NA)

3 (15.8%)

3 (15.8%)

OR=4.71 [0.08, 280.53] (p>0.999)

Bronchodilator

0 (NA)

3 (15.8%)

3 (15.8%)

OR=4.71 [0.08, 280.53] (p>0.999)

Hepatoprotector

0 (NA)

1 (5.6%)

1 (5.6%)

OR=11.67 [0.16, 825.99] (p>0.999)

μ ±SD = Mean (standard deviation); M (min:max) = Median (min:max); MW = Mann-Whitney Test; Welch = Welch T-Test (not assuming equal variances); OR/RR = odds-ratio / risk-ratio [95% CI] and p value from Fisher test); V = Cramér V (p value from Chi² test);

3 References

  1. R Core Team (2020). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.