Instructions

You must follow the instructions below to get credits for this assignment.

Q1 Describe the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study that the U.S. Department of Education undertook in the late 1990s.

Hint: Make sure to discuss study’s goal, subjects, and variables in the data. ECLS “sought to measure the academic progress of more than twenty thousand chridren from kindergarten throught the fifth grade.”the ECLS typically surveyed information about each child. For example their race, gendr, family structure and so on. They also interviewed these childrens parents asking questions like "whether the parents spank their children, and how often; whether they took them to the libraries or museums; how much television the children watched which resulted in a incredibly rich set of data.

Q2 Describe regression analysis in your own words.

Hint: A correct answer must have a discussion on a main concept of regression, often called as, “all else being equal”, “controlling for other variables”, or “Ceteris paribus”. The author explained this concept using “the circuit board analogy”. Regression analysis is all about correlation it indicates whether two variable mov together. A great example is “it tends to be cold outside when it snows” which shows a positive coreelation where sun and rain are negatively correlated. Regressional analysis can get complicated though when there are hundreds of variables being used. Regression analysis “is the tool that enables an economist to sort out these huge piles of data”

Q3 What is a drawback of regression analysis. What type of questions can regression analysis not answer?

Hint: A correct answer must have a discussion on causality versus correlation. A regression analysis cant answer a casualty question of “does having a lot of books in your home lead your child to do well in school?” but can asl a correlation question like "does a child with a lot of books in his home tend to do better than a child with no books?. Regression analysis can demonstrate correlation but it doesn’t prove cause.

Q4 What role does the quality of schools play in academic performance of students.

Hint: See page 150. The quality of schools play a huge role in academic performance in students. “A;; students in a bad school, black and white, do lose ground to students in good schools” this is because typical black students school has a far higher raye of troubled kids with gang problems and non-student loitering and also lack of PTA funding. This kind of environment is not good for learning.

Q5 Continued from Q4. How could you control for the quality of schools in the study?

Hint: For this question, you may need additional information in addition to the assigned reading. You may Google search someting like “how does regression control for variables”. You can control the quality of schools in the study by making the regression anaylsis more accurate and add more unique/different children into the surveys for more acccurate information “in 35 percent of those schools, not a single black kid was sruveryed.” How can you control the quality of schools in the study without surveying all the varirables in the students.

Q6 The author says that regression is more art than science. What does he mean?

It means that even a “skilled practitioner can use it to tell how meaningful a correlation is” and get key takeaways and learn more about casual relationships that occur. ## Q7 What are major takeaways from the reading? Some major takeways from the reading is that everything has a relationship wether its postitive or negative. Regression analysis can show these correlations and what is working and what is not.

Q8 Hide the messages, but display the code and its results on the webpage.

Hint: Use message, echo and results in the chunk options. Refer to the RMarkdown Reference Guide.

Q9 Display the title and your name correctly at the top of the webpage.

Q10 Use the correct slug.