Mosaic Plot
Robert Norton
10/8/2019
In this exercise you will learn to visualize the pairwise relationships between a set of quantitative variables. To this end, you will make your own note of 8.5 Mosaic plots from Data Visualization with R.
Mosaic charts can display the relationship between categorical variables using:
- rectangles whose areas represent the proportion of cases for any given combination of levels, and
- the color of the tiles to indicate the degree relationship among the variables.
The Titanic data set came from https://osf.io/aupb4/.
In the graph below,
- dark blue represents more cases than expected given independence (by chance); and
- dark red represents less cases than expected if independence holds (by chance).
## # A tibble: 1,313 x 5
## Name PClass Age Sex Survived
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <dbl>
## 1 Allen, Miss Elisabeth Walton 1st 29 female 1
## 2 Allison, Miss Helen Loraine 1st 2 female 0
## 3 Allison, Mr Hudson Joshua Creighton 1st 30 male 0
## 4 Allison, Mrs Hudson JC (Bessie Waldo Daniels) 1st 25 female 0
## 5 Allison, Master Hudson Trevor 1st 0.92 male 1
## 6 Anderson, Mr Harry 1st 47 male 1
## 7 Andrews, Miss Kornelia Theodosia 1st 63 female 1
## 8 Andrews, Mr Thomas, jr 1st 39 male 0
## 9 Appleton, Mrs Edward Dale (Charlotte Lamson) 1st 58 female 1
## 10 Artagaveytia, Mr Ramon 1st 71 male 0
## # … with 1,303 more rows## Sex female male
## Survived PClass
## 0 1st 9 120
## 2nd 13 147
## 3rd 132 441
## 1 1st 134 59
## 2nd 94 25
## 3rd 80 58
Q1 Are more passengers survived?
## Sex female male
## Survived PClass
## 0 1st 9 120
## 2nd 13 147
## 3rd 132 441
## 1 1st 134 59
## 2nd 94 25
## 3rd 80 58Q2 Describe the largest group that didn’t survive. Discuss by class and gender.
The males in the 3rd class was the largest group to not survive because the people in the 3rd class were the first to die, and men died before the women.
Q3 Describe the largest group that did survive. Discuss by class and gender.
First class females were the largest group to survive, because the first class females got to enter the safety boats first before everyone else was allowed too.
Q4 Describe one group that has more cases than expected given independence (by chance). Discuss by class and gender.
First class males I thought would’ve been a lot less because they were first class and very wealthy.
Q5 Describe one group that has less cases than expected given independence (by chance). Discuss by class and gender.
Less second class men survived compared to the third class men. I thought it would’ve been a different way around.
Q6 Create a mosaic plot for Arthritis in the same way as above.
Hint: The Arthritis data set is from the vcd package. Add an additional argument gp = shading_max in the mosaic function. This is because the residuals are too small to have color.
Q7 Repeat Q1-Q5.
The males in the 3rd class was the largest group to not survive because the people in the 3rd class were the first to die, and men died before the women.
First class females were the largest group to survive, because the first class females got to enter the safety boats first before everyone else was allowed too.
First class males I thought would’ve been a lot less because they were first class and very wealthy.
Less second class men survived compared to the third class men. I thought it would’ve been a different way around.
Q8 Hide the messages, the code and its results on the webpage.
Hint: Use message, echo and results in the chunk options. Refer to the RMarkdown Reference Guide.