Introducción

Sandra Katteryne Rodríguez Hurtado

Mayo 11 del 2020

El objetivo de este escrito es familiarse con el lenguaje de R y RStudio, dando a conocer algunas de las características y funciones que ambos brindan a quienes lo implementan en sus áreas de trabajo.

edidiv.csv <- read.csv("C:/Users/usuagro/Desktop/R/edidiv.csv.csv")

head(edidiv.csv)

tail(edidiv.csv)

str(edidiv.csv)

'data.frame':   25684 obs. of  5 variables:
 $ organisationName: Factor w/ 28 levels "BATS & The Millennium Link",..: 14 14 14 8 8 28 28 28 28 28 ...
 $ gridReference   : Factor w/ 1938 levels "NT200701","NT200712",..: 1314 569 569 1412 1412 1671 1671 1671 1671 1671 ...
 $ year            : int  2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001 ...
 $ taxonName       : Factor w/ 1275 levels "Acarospora fuscata",..: 1126 1126 1127 192 193 1202 365 977 472 947 ...
 $ taxonGroup      : Factor w/ 11 levels "Beetle","Bird",..: 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ...

head(edidiv.csv$taxonGroup)

[1] Bird Bird Bird Bird Bird Bird
Levels: Beetle Bird Butterfly Dragonfly Flowering.Plants Fungus Hymenopteran Lichen Liverwort Mammal Mollusc

class(edidiv.csv$taxonGroup)

[1] "factor"

edidiv.csv$taxonGroup <- as.factor(edidiv.csv$taxonGroup)

dim(edidiv.csv)

[1] 25684     5

summary(edidiv.csv)

                                             organisationName gridReference        year                      taxonName    
 Biological Records Centre                           :6744    NT2673 : 2741   Min.   :2000   Maniola jurtina      : 1710  
 RSPB                                                :5809    NT2773 : 2031   1st Qu.:2006   Aphantopus hyperantus: 1468  
 Butterfly Conservation                              :3000    NT2873 : 1247   Median :2009   Turdus merula        : 1112  
 Scottish Wildlife Trust                             :2070    NT2570 : 1001   Mean   :2009   Lycaena phlaeas      :  972  
 Conchological Society of Great Britain & Ireland:1998    NT27   :  888   3rd Qu.:2011   Aglais urticae       :  959  
 The Wildlife Information Centre                     :1860    NT2871 :  767   Max.   :2016   Aglais io            :  720  
 (Other)                                             :4203    (Other):17009                  (Other)              :18743  
            taxonGroup  
 Butterfly       :9670  
 Bird            :7366  
 Flowering.Plants:2625  
 Mollusc         :2226  
 Hymenopteran    :1391  
 Mammal          : 960  
 (Other)         :1446  

summary(edidiv.csv$taxonGroup)

          Beetle             Bird        Butterfly        Dragonfly Flowering.Plants           Fungus     Hymenopteran 
             426             7366             9670              421             2625              334             1391 
          Lichen        Liverwort           Mammal          Mollusc 
             140              125              960             2226 

Beetle <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Beetle")

Bird <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Bird")

Butterfly <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Butterfly")

Dragonfly <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Dragonfly")

Flowering.Plants <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Flowering.Plants")

Fungus <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Fungus")

Hymenopteran <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Hymenopteran")

Lichen <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Lichen")

Liverwort <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Liverwort")

Mammal <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Mammal")

Mollusc <- filter(edidiv.csv, edidiv.csv$taxonGroup == "Mollusc")

a <- length(unique(Beetle$taxonName))

biodiv <- c(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k)

names(biodiv) <- c("Beetle",
                   "Bird",
                   "Butterfly",
                   "Dragonfly",
                   "Flowering.Plants",
                   "Fungus",
                   "Hymenopteran",
                   "Lichen",
                   "Liverwort",
                   "Mammal",
                   "Mollusc")

barplot(biodiv)

help(barplot)

help(par)

png("barplot.png", width=1600, height=600)

barplot(biodiv, xlab="Taxa", ylab="Number of species", ylim=c(0,600), cex.names= 1.5, cex.axis=1.5, cex.lab=1.5)

Error in barplot(biodiv, xlab = "Taxa", ylab = "Number of species", ylim = c(0,  : 
  object 'biodiv' not found

taxa <- c("Beetle",
          "Bird",
          "Butterfly",
          "Dragonfly",
          "Flowering.Plants",
          "Fungus",
          "Hymenopteran",
          "Lichen",
          "Liverwort",
          "Mammal",
          "Mollusc")

taxa_f <- factor(taxa)

richness <- c(a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k)

Error: object 'a' not found

biodata <- data.frame(taxa_f, richness)

write.csv(biodata, file="biodata.csv")

png("barplot2.png", width=1600, height=600)

barplot(biodata$richness, names.arg=c("Beetle",
                                      "Bird",
                                      "Butterfly",
                                      "Dragonfly",
                                      "Flowering.Plants",
                                      "Fungus",
                                      "Hymenopteran",
                                      "Lichen",
                                      "Liverwort",
                                      "Mammal",
                                      "Mollusc"),
        xlab="Taxa", ylab="Number of species", ylim=c(0,600))

Error in barplot(biodata$richness, names.arg = c("Beetle", "Bird", "Butterfly",  : 
  object 'biodata' not found

dev.off()

Error in dev.off() : cannot shut down device 1 (the null device)