Problem 1 Auto Data

This exercise involves the Auto data set that we studied during lab. Make sure that the missing values have been removed from the data. A. Which of the predictors are quantitative, and which are qualitative? a. Hint: Use the str() function

library(tidyverse)
## ── Attaching packages ───────────────────────────────────── tidyverse 1.3.0 ──
## ✓ ggplot2 3.2.1     ✓ purrr   0.3.3
## ✓ tibble  2.1.3     ✓ dplyr   0.8.3
## ✓ tidyr   1.0.2     ✓ stringr 1.4.0
## ✓ readr   1.3.1     ✓ forcats 0.4.0
## ── Conflicts ──────────────────────────────────────── tidyverse_conflicts() ──
## x dplyr::filter() masks stats::filter()
## x dplyr::lag()    masks stats::lag()
Auto <- read.table("http://faculty.marshall.usc.edu/gareth-james/ISL/Auto.data",
                   header = TRUE,
                   na.strings = "?")
?str(Auto)

As we can see, mpg, cylinders, displacement, horespower, weight, acceleration, year and origin are either numerical or integers, meaning that those data frames are quantitative. Since “name” is a categorical variables therefore, it is a qualitative predictor.

B. What is the range of each quantitative predictor? Hint: You can answer this using the range() function. Note that you’ll need to only pass in a column vector, so use a $ .

head(Auto)
##   mpg cylinders displacement horsepower weight acceleration year origin
## 1  18         8          307        130   3504         12.0   70      1
## 2  15         8          350        165   3693         11.5   70      1
## 3  18         8          318        150   3436         11.0   70      1
## 4  16         8          304        150   3433         12.0   70      1
## 5  17         8          302        140   3449         10.5   70      1
## 6  15         8          429        198   4341         10.0   70      1
##                        name
## 1 chevrolet chevelle malibu
## 2         buick skylark 320
## 3        plymouth satellite
## 4             amc rebel sst
## 5               ford torino
## 6          ford galaxie 500
range(Auto$mpg)
## [1]  9.0 46.6
range(Auto$cylinders)
## [1] 3 8
range(Auto$displacement)
## [1]  68 455
range(Auto$horsepower)
## [1] NA NA
range(Auto$weight)
## [1] 1613 5140
range(Auto$acceleration)
## [1]  8.0 24.8
range(Auto$year)
## [1] 70 82
range(Auto$origin)
## [1] 1 3

C. What is the mean and standard deviation of each quantitative predictor? Again, you’ll want to pass in a column vector.

mean(Auto$mpg)
## [1] 23.51587
mean(Auto$cylinders)
## [1] 5.458438
mean(Auto$displacement)
## [1] 193.5327
mean(Auto$horsepower)
## [1] NA
mean(Auto$weight)
## [1] 2970.262
mean(Auto$acceleration)
## [1] 15.55567
mean(Auto$year)
## [1] 75.99496
mean(Auto$origin)
## [1] 1.574307
sd(Auto$mpg)
## [1] 7.825804
sd(Auto$cylinders)
## [1] 1.701577
sd(Auto$displacement)
## [1] 104.3796
sd(Auto$horsepower)
## [1] NA
sd(Auto$weight)
## [1] 847.9041
sd(Auto$acceleration)
## [1] 2.749995
sd(Auto$year)
## [1] 3.690005
sd(Auto$origin)
## [1] 0.8025495

D. Now remove the 10th through 85th observations. What is the range, mean, and standard deviation of each predictor in the subset of the data that remains? Recall: Matrix indexing

head(Auto)
##   mpg cylinders displacement horsepower weight acceleration year origin
## 1  18         8          307        130   3504         12.0   70      1
## 2  15         8          350        165   3693         11.5   70      1
## 3  18         8          318        150   3436         11.0   70      1
## 4  16         8          304        150   3433         12.0   70      1
## 5  17         8          302        140   3449         10.5   70      1
## 6  15         8          429        198   4341         10.0   70      1
##                        name
## 1 chevrolet chevelle malibu
## 2         buick skylark 320
## 3        plymouth satellite
## 4             amc rebel sst
## 5               ford torino
## 6          ford galaxie 500
str(Auto)
## 'data.frame':    397 obs. of  9 variables:
##  $ mpg         : num  18 15 18 16 17 15 14 14 14 15 ...
##  $ cylinders   : int  8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 ...
##  $ displacement: num  307 350 318 304 302 429 454 440 455 390 ...
##  $ horsepower  : num  130 165 150 150 140 198 220 215 225 190 ...
##  $ weight      : num  3504 3693 3436 3433 3449 ...
##  $ acceleration: num  12 11.5 11 12 10.5 10 9 8.5 10 8.5 ...
##  $ year        : int  70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 ...
##  $ origin      : int  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
##  $ name        : Factor w/ 304 levels "amc ambassador brougham",..: 49 36 231 14 161 141 54 223 241 2 ...
nrow(Auto)
## [1] 397
ncol(Auto)
## [1] 9
Auto[-c(10:85),]
##      mpg cylinders displacement horsepower weight acceleration year origin
## 1   18.0         8          307        130   3504         12.0   70      1
## 2   15.0         8          350        165   3693         11.5   70      1
## 3   18.0         8          318        150   3436         11.0   70      1
## 4   16.0         8          304        150   3433         12.0   70      1
## 5   17.0         8          302        140   3449         10.5   70      1
## 6   15.0         8          429        198   4341         10.0   70      1
## 7   14.0         8          454        220   4354          9.0   70      1
## 8   14.0         8          440        215   4312          8.5   70      1
## 9   14.0         8          455        225   4425         10.0   70      1
## 86  13.0         8          350        175   4100         13.0   73      1
## 87  14.0         8          304        150   3672         11.5   73      1
## 88  13.0         8          350        145   3988         13.0   73      1
## 89  14.0         8          302        137   4042         14.5   73      1
## 90  15.0         8          318        150   3777         12.5   73      1
## 91  12.0         8          429        198   4952         11.5   73      1
## 92  13.0         8          400        150   4464         12.0   73      1
## 93  13.0         8          351        158   4363         13.0   73      1
## 94  14.0         8          318        150   4237         14.5   73      1
## 95  13.0         8          440        215   4735         11.0   73      1
## 96  12.0         8          455        225   4951         11.0   73      1
## 97  13.0         8          360        175   3821         11.0   73      1
## 98  18.0         6          225        105   3121         16.5   73      1
## 99  16.0         6          250        100   3278         18.0   73      1
## 100 18.0         6          232        100   2945         16.0   73      1
## 101 18.0         6          250         88   3021         16.5   73      1
## 102 23.0         6          198         95   2904         16.0   73      1
## 103 26.0         4           97         46   1950         21.0   73      2
## 104 11.0         8          400        150   4997         14.0   73      1
## 105 12.0         8          400        167   4906         12.5   73      1
## 106 13.0         8          360        170   4654         13.0   73      1
## 107 12.0         8          350        180   4499         12.5   73      1
## 108 18.0         6          232        100   2789         15.0   73      1
## 109 20.0         4           97         88   2279         19.0   73      3
## 110 21.0         4          140         72   2401         19.5   73      1
## 111 22.0         4          108         94   2379         16.5   73      3
## 112 18.0         3           70         90   2124         13.5   73      3
## 113 19.0         4          122         85   2310         18.5   73      1
## 114 21.0         6          155        107   2472         14.0   73      1
## 115 26.0         4           98         90   2265         15.5   73      2
## 116 15.0         8          350        145   4082         13.0   73      1
## 117 16.0         8          400        230   4278          9.5   73      1
## 118 29.0         4           68         49   1867         19.5   73      2
## 119 24.0         4          116         75   2158         15.5   73      2
## 120 20.0         4          114         91   2582         14.0   73      2
## 121 19.0         4          121        112   2868         15.5   73      2
## 122 15.0         8          318        150   3399         11.0   73      1
## 123 24.0         4          121        110   2660         14.0   73      2
## 124 20.0         6          156        122   2807         13.5   73      3
## 125 11.0         8          350        180   3664         11.0   73      1
## 126 20.0         6          198         95   3102         16.5   74      1
## 127 21.0         6          200         NA   2875         17.0   74      1
## 128 19.0         6          232        100   2901         16.0   74      1
## 129 15.0         6          250        100   3336         17.0   74      1
## 130 31.0         4           79         67   1950         19.0   74      3
## 131 26.0         4          122         80   2451         16.5   74      1
## 132 32.0         4           71         65   1836         21.0   74      3
## 133 25.0         4          140         75   2542         17.0   74      1
## 134 16.0         6          250        100   3781         17.0   74      1
## 135 16.0         6          258        110   3632         18.0   74      1
## 136 18.0         6          225        105   3613         16.5   74      1
## 137 16.0         8          302        140   4141         14.0   74      1
## 138 13.0         8          350        150   4699         14.5   74      1
## 139 14.0         8          318        150   4457         13.5   74      1
## 140 14.0         8          302        140   4638         16.0   74      1
## 141 14.0         8          304        150   4257         15.5   74      1
## 142 29.0         4           98         83   2219         16.5   74      2
## 143 26.0         4           79         67   1963         15.5   74      2
## 144 26.0         4           97         78   2300         14.5   74      2
## 145 31.0         4           76         52   1649         16.5   74      3
## 146 32.0         4           83         61   2003         19.0   74      3
## 147 28.0         4           90         75   2125         14.5   74      1
## 148 24.0         4           90         75   2108         15.5   74      2
## 149 26.0         4          116         75   2246         14.0   74      2
## 150 24.0         4          120         97   2489         15.0   74      3
## 151 26.0         4          108         93   2391         15.5   74      3
## 152 31.0         4           79         67   2000         16.0   74      2
## 153 19.0         6          225         95   3264         16.0   75      1
## 154 18.0         6          250        105   3459         16.0   75      1
## 155 15.0         6          250         72   3432         21.0   75      1
## 156 15.0         6          250         72   3158         19.5   75      1
## 157 16.0         8          400        170   4668         11.5   75      1
## 158 15.0         8          350        145   4440         14.0   75      1
## 159 16.0         8          318        150   4498         14.5   75      1
## 160 14.0         8          351        148   4657         13.5   75      1
## 161 17.0         6          231        110   3907         21.0   75      1
## 162 16.0         6          250        105   3897         18.5   75      1
## 163 15.0         6          258        110   3730         19.0   75      1
## 164 18.0         6          225         95   3785         19.0   75      1
## 165 21.0         6          231        110   3039         15.0   75      1
## 166 20.0         8          262        110   3221         13.5   75      1
## 167 13.0         8          302        129   3169         12.0   75      1
## 168 29.0         4           97         75   2171         16.0   75      3
## 169 23.0         4          140         83   2639         17.0   75      1
## 170 20.0         6          232        100   2914         16.0   75      1
## 171 23.0         4          140         78   2592         18.5   75      1
## 172 24.0         4          134         96   2702         13.5   75      3
## 173 25.0         4           90         71   2223         16.5   75      2
## 174 24.0         4          119         97   2545         17.0   75      3
## 175 18.0         6          171         97   2984         14.5   75      1
## 176 29.0         4           90         70   1937         14.0   75      2
## 177 19.0         6          232         90   3211         17.0   75      1
## 178 23.0         4          115         95   2694         15.0   75      2
## 179 23.0         4          120         88   2957         17.0   75      2
## 180 22.0         4          121         98   2945         14.5   75      2
## 181 25.0         4          121        115   2671         13.5   75      2
## 182 33.0         4           91         53   1795         17.5   75      3
## 183 28.0         4          107         86   2464         15.5   76      2
## 184 25.0         4          116         81   2220         16.9   76      2
## 185 25.0         4          140         92   2572         14.9   76      1
## 186 26.0         4           98         79   2255         17.7   76      1
## 187 27.0         4          101         83   2202         15.3   76      2
## 188 17.5         8          305        140   4215         13.0   76      1
## 189 16.0         8          318        150   4190         13.0   76      1
## 190 15.5         8          304        120   3962         13.9   76      1
## 191 14.5         8          351        152   4215         12.8   76      1
## 192 22.0         6          225        100   3233         15.4   76      1
## 193 22.0         6          250        105   3353         14.5   76      1
## 194 24.0         6          200         81   3012         17.6   76      1
## 195 22.5         6          232         90   3085         17.6   76      1
## 196 29.0         4           85         52   2035         22.2   76      1
## 197 24.5         4           98         60   2164         22.1   76      1
## 198 29.0         4           90         70   1937         14.2   76      2
## 199 33.0         4           91         53   1795         17.4   76      3
## 200 20.0         6          225        100   3651         17.7   76      1
## 201 18.0         6          250         78   3574         21.0   76      1
## 202 18.5         6          250        110   3645         16.2   76      1
## 203 17.5         6          258         95   3193         17.8   76      1
## 204 29.5         4           97         71   1825         12.2   76      2
## 205 32.0         4           85         70   1990         17.0   76      3
## 206 28.0         4           97         75   2155         16.4   76      3
## 207 26.5         4          140         72   2565         13.6   76      1
## 208 20.0         4          130        102   3150         15.7   76      2
## 209 13.0         8          318        150   3940         13.2   76      1
## 210 19.0         4          120         88   3270         21.9   76      2
## 211 19.0         6          156        108   2930         15.5   76      3
## 212 16.5         6          168        120   3820         16.7   76      2
## 213 16.5         8          350        180   4380         12.1   76      1
## 214 13.0         8          350        145   4055         12.0   76      1
## 215 13.0         8          302        130   3870         15.0   76      1
## 216 13.0         8          318        150   3755         14.0   76      1
## 217 31.5         4           98         68   2045         18.5   77      3
## 218 30.0         4          111         80   2155         14.8   77      1
## 219 36.0         4           79         58   1825         18.6   77      2
## 220 25.5         4          122         96   2300         15.5   77      1
## 221 33.5         4           85         70   1945         16.8   77      3
## 222 17.5         8          305        145   3880         12.5   77      1
## 223 17.0         8          260        110   4060         19.0   77      1
## 224 15.5         8          318        145   4140         13.7   77      1
## 225 15.0         8          302        130   4295         14.9   77      1
## 226 17.5         6          250        110   3520         16.4   77      1
## 227 20.5         6          231        105   3425         16.9   77      1
## 228 19.0         6          225        100   3630         17.7   77      1
## 229 18.5         6          250         98   3525         19.0   77      1
## 230 16.0         8          400        180   4220         11.1   77      1
## 231 15.5         8          350        170   4165         11.4   77      1
## 232 15.5         8          400        190   4325         12.2   77      1
## 233 16.0         8          351        149   4335         14.5   77      1
## 234 29.0         4           97         78   1940         14.5   77      2
## 235 24.5         4          151         88   2740         16.0   77      1
## 236 26.0         4           97         75   2265         18.2   77      3
## 237 25.5         4          140         89   2755         15.8   77      1
## 238 30.5         4           98         63   2051         17.0   77      1
## 239 33.5         4           98         83   2075         15.9   77      1
## 240 30.0         4           97         67   1985         16.4   77      3
## 241 30.5         4           97         78   2190         14.1   77      2
## 242 22.0         6          146         97   2815         14.5   77      3
## 243 21.5         4          121        110   2600         12.8   77      2
## 244 21.5         3           80        110   2720         13.5   77      3
## 245 43.1         4           90         48   1985         21.5   78      2
## 246 36.1         4           98         66   1800         14.4   78      1
## 247 32.8         4           78         52   1985         19.4   78      3
## 248 39.4         4           85         70   2070         18.6   78      3
## 249 36.1         4           91         60   1800         16.4   78      3
## 250 19.9         8          260        110   3365         15.5   78      1
## 251 19.4         8          318        140   3735         13.2   78      1
## 252 20.2         8          302        139   3570         12.8   78      1
## 253 19.2         6          231        105   3535         19.2   78      1
## 254 20.5         6          200         95   3155         18.2   78      1
## 255 20.2         6          200         85   2965         15.8   78      1
## 256 25.1         4          140         88   2720         15.4   78      1
## 257 20.5         6          225        100   3430         17.2   78      1
## 258 19.4         6          232         90   3210         17.2   78      1
## 259 20.6         6          231        105   3380         15.8   78      1
## 260 20.8         6          200         85   3070         16.7   78      1
## 261 18.6         6          225        110   3620         18.7   78      1
## 262 18.1         6          258        120   3410         15.1   78      1
## 263 19.2         8          305        145   3425         13.2   78      1
## 264 17.7         6          231        165   3445         13.4   78      1
## 265 18.1         8          302        139   3205         11.2   78      1
## 266 17.5         8          318        140   4080         13.7   78      1
## 267 30.0         4           98         68   2155         16.5   78      1
## 268 27.5         4          134         95   2560         14.2   78      3
## 269 27.2         4          119         97   2300         14.7   78      3
## 270 30.9         4          105         75   2230         14.5   78      1
## 271 21.1         4          134         95   2515         14.8   78      3
## 272 23.2         4          156        105   2745         16.7   78      1
## 273 23.8         4          151         85   2855         17.6   78      1
## 274 23.9         4          119         97   2405         14.9   78      3
## 275 20.3         5          131        103   2830         15.9   78      2
## 276 17.0         6          163        125   3140         13.6   78      2
## 277 21.6         4          121        115   2795         15.7   78      2
## 278 16.2         6          163        133   3410         15.8   78      2
## 279 31.5         4           89         71   1990         14.9   78      2
## 280 29.5         4           98         68   2135         16.6   78      3
## 281 21.5         6          231        115   3245         15.4   79      1
## 282 19.8         6          200         85   2990         18.2   79      1
## 283 22.3         4          140         88   2890         17.3   79      1
## 284 20.2         6          232         90   3265         18.2   79      1
## 285 20.6         6          225        110   3360         16.6   79      1
## 286 17.0         8          305        130   3840         15.4   79      1
## 287 17.6         8          302        129   3725         13.4   79      1
## 288 16.5         8          351        138   3955         13.2   79      1
## 289 18.2         8          318        135   3830         15.2   79      1
## 290 16.9         8          350        155   4360         14.9   79      1
## 291 15.5         8          351        142   4054         14.3   79      1
## 292 19.2         8          267        125   3605         15.0   79      1
## 293 18.5         8          360        150   3940         13.0   79      1
## 294 31.9         4           89         71   1925         14.0   79      2
## 295 34.1         4           86         65   1975         15.2   79      3
## 296 35.7         4           98         80   1915         14.4   79      1
## 297 27.4         4          121         80   2670         15.0   79      1
## 298 25.4         5          183         77   3530         20.1   79      2
## 299 23.0         8          350        125   3900         17.4   79      1
## 300 27.2         4          141         71   3190         24.8   79      2
## 301 23.9         8          260         90   3420         22.2   79      1
## 302 34.2         4          105         70   2200         13.2   79      1
## 303 34.5         4          105         70   2150         14.9   79      1
## 304 31.8         4           85         65   2020         19.2   79      3
## 305 37.3         4           91         69   2130         14.7   79      2
## 306 28.4         4          151         90   2670         16.0   79      1
## 307 28.8         6          173        115   2595         11.3   79      1
## 308 26.8         6          173        115   2700         12.9   79      1
## 309 33.5         4          151         90   2556         13.2   79      1
## 310 41.5         4           98         76   2144         14.7   80      2
## 311 38.1         4           89         60   1968         18.8   80      3
## 312 32.1         4           98         70   2120         15.5   80      1
## 313 37.2         4           86         65   2019         16.4   80      3
## 314 28.0         4          151         90   2678         16.5   80      1
## 315 26.4         4          140         88   2870         18.1   80      1
## 316 24.3         4          151         90   3003         20.1   80      1
## 317 19.1         6          225         90   3381         18.7   80      1
## 318 34.3         4           97         78   2188         15.8   80      2
## 319 29.8         4          134         90   2711         15.5   80      3
## 320 31.3         4          120         75   2542         17.5   80      3
## 321 37.0         4          119         92   2434         15.0   80      3
## 322 32.2         4          108         75   2265         15.2   80      3
## 323 46.6         4           86         65   2110         17.9   80      3
## 324 27.9         4          156        105   2800         14.4   80      1
## 325 40.8         4           85         65   2110         19.2   80      3
## 326 44.3         4           90         48   2085         21.7   80      2
## 327 43.4         4           90         48   2335         23.7   80      2
## 328 36.4         5          121         67   2950         19.9   80      2
## 329 30.0         4          146         67   3250         21.8   80      2
## 330 44.6         4           91         67   1850         13.8   80      3
## 331 40.9         4           85         NA   1835         17.3   80      2
## 332 33.8         4           97         67   2145         18.0   80      3
## 333 29.8         4           89         62   1845         15.3   80      2
## 334 32.7         6          168        132   2910         11.4   80      3
## 335 23.7         3           70        100   2420         12.5   80      3
## 336 35.0         4          122         88   2500         15.1   80      2
## 337 23.6         4          140         NA   2905         14.3   80      1
## 338 32.4         4          107         72   2290         17.0   80      3
## 339 27.2         4          135         84   2490         15.7   81      1
## 340 26.6         4          151         84   2635         16.4   81      1
## 341 25.8         4          156         92   2620         14.4   81      1
## 342 23.5         6          173        110   2725         12.6   81      1
## 343 30.0         4          135         84   2385         12.9   81      1
## 344 39.1         4           79         58   1755         16.9   81      3
## 345 39.0         4           86         64   1875         16.4   81      1
## 346 35.1         4           81         60   1760         16.1   81      3
## 347 32.3         4           97         67   2065         17.8   81      3
## 348 37.0         4           85         65   1975         19.4   81      3
## 349 37.7         4           89         62   2050         17.3   81      3
## 350 34.1         4           91         68   1985         16.0   81      3
## 351 34.7         4          105         63   2215         14.9   81      1
## 352 34.4         4           98         65   2045         16.2   81      1
## 353 29.9         4           98         65   2380         20.7   81      1
## 354 33.0         4          105         74   2190         14.2   81      2
## 355 34.5         4          100         NA   2320         15.8   81      2
## 356 33.7         4          107         75   2210         14.4   81      3
## 357 32.4         4          108         75   2350         16.8   81      3
## 358 32.9         4          119        100   2615         14.8   81      3
## 359 31.6         4          120         74   2635         18.3   81      3
## 360 28.1         4          141         80   3230         20.4   81      2
## 361 30.7         6          145         76   3160         19.6   81      2
## 362 25.4         6          168        116   2900         12.6   81      3
## 363 24.2         6          146        120   2930         13.8   81      3
## 364 22.4         6          231        110   3415         15.8   81      1
## 365 26.6         8          350        105   3725         19.0   81      1
## 366 20.2         6          200         88   3060         17.1   81      1
## 367 17.6         6          225         85   3465         16.6   81      1
## 368 28.0         4          112         88   2605         19.6   82      1
## 369 27.0         4          112         88   2640         18.6   82      1
## 370 34.0         4          112         88   2395         18.0   82      1
## 371 31.0         4          112         85   2575         16.2   82      1
## 372 29.0         4          135         84   2525         16.0   82      1
## 373 27.0         4          151         90   2735         18.0   82      1
## 374 24.0         4          140         92   2865         16.4   82      1
## 375 36.0         4          105         74   1980         15.3   82      2
## 376 37.0         4           91         68   2025         18.2   82      3
## 377 31.0         4           91         68   1970         17.6   82      3
## 378 38.0         4          105         63   2125         14.7   82      1
## 379 36.0         4           98         70   2125         17.3   82      1
## 380 36.0         4          120         88   2160         14.5   82      3
## 381 36.0         4          107         75   2205         14.5   82      3
## 382 34.0         4          108         70   2245         16.9   82      3
## 383 38.0         4           91         67   1965         15.0   82      3
## 384 32.0         4           91         67   1965         15.7   82      3
## 385 38.0         4           91         67   1995         16.2   82      3
## 386 25.0         6          181        110   2945         16.4   82      1
## 387 38.0         6          262         85   3015         17.0   82      1
## 388 26.0         4          156         92   2585         14.5   82      1
## 389 22.0         6          232        112   2835         14.7   82      1
## 390 32.0         4          144         96   2665         13.9   82      3
## 391 36.0         4          135         84   2370         13.0   82      1
## 392 27.0         4          151         90   2950         17.3   82      1
## 393 27.0         4          140         86   2790         15.6   82      1
## 394 44.0         4           97         52   2130         24.6   82      2
## 395 32.0         4          135         84   2295         11.6   82      1
## 396 28.0         4          120         79   2625         18.6   82      1
## 397 31.0         4          119         82   2720         19.4   82      1
##                                     name
## 1              chevrolet chevelle malibu
## 2                      buick skylark 320
## 3                     plymouth satellite
## 4                          amc rebel sst
## 5                            ford torino
## 6                       ford galaxie 500
## 7                       chevrolet impala
## 8                      plymouth fury iii
## 9                       pontiac catalina
## 86                     buick century 350
## 87                           amc matador
## 88                      chevrolet malibu
## 89                      ford gran torino
## 90                  dodge coronet custom
## 91              mercury marquis brougham
## 92             chevrolet caprice classic
## 93                              ford ltd
## 94              plymouth fury gran sedan
## 95          chrysler new yorker brougham
## 96              buick electra 225 custom
## 97               amc ambassador brougham
## 98                      plymouth valiant
## 99                 chevrolet nova custom
## 100                           amc hornet
## 101                        ford maverick
## 102                      plymouth duster
## 103              volkswagen super beetle
## 104                     chevrolet impala
## 105                         ford country
## 106               plymouth custom suburb
## 107             oldsmobile vista cruiser
## 108                          amc gremlin
## 109                        toyota carina
## 110                       chevrolet vega
## 111                           datsun 610
## 112                            maxda rx3
## 113                           ford pinto
## 114                     mercury capri v6
## 115                 fiat 124 sport coupe
## 116              chevrolet monte carlo s
## 117                   pontiac grand prix
## 118                             fiat 128
## 119                           opel manta
## 120                           audi 100ls
## 121                          volvo 144ea
## 122                    dodge dart custom
## 123                            saab 99le
## 124                       toyota mark ii
## 125                     oldsmobile omega
## 126                      plymouth duster
## 127                        ford maverick
## 128                           amc hornet
## 129                       chevrolet nova
## 130                          datsun b210
## 131                           ford pinto
## 132                  toyota corolla 1200
## 133                       chevrolet vega
## 134    chevrolet chevelle malibu classic
## 135                          amc matador
## 136           plymouth satellite sebring
## 137                     ford gran torino
## 138             buick century luxus (sw)
## 139            dodge coronet custom (sw)
## 140                ford gran torino (sw)
## 141                     amc matador (sw)
## 142                             audi fox
## 143                    volkswagen dasher
## 144                           opel manta
## 145                        toyota corona
## 146                           datsun 710
## 147                           dodge colt
## 148                             fiat 128
## 149                          fiat 124 tc
## 150                          honda civic
## 151                               subaru
## 152                            fiat x1.9
## 153              plymouth valiant custom
## 154                       chevrolet nova
## 155                      mercury monarch
## 156                        ford maverick
## 157                     pontiac catalina
## 158                    chevrolet bel air
## 159                  plymouth grand fury
## 160                             ford ltd
## 161                        buick century
## 162            chevroelt chevelle malibu
## 163                          amc matador
## 164                        plymouth fury
## 165                        buick skyhawk
## 166                  chevrolet monza 2+2
## 167                      ford mustang ii
## 168                       toyota corolla
## 169                           ford pinto
## 170                          amc gremlin
## 171                        pontiac astro
## 172                        toyota corona
## 173                    volkswagen dasher
## 174                           datsun 710
## 175                           ford pinto
## 176                    volkswagen rabbit
## 177                            amc pacer
## 178                           audi 100ls
## 179                          peugeot 504
## 180                          volvo 244dl
## 181                            saab 99le
## 182                     honda civic cvcc
## 183                             fiat 131
## 184                            opel 1900
## 185                             capri ii
## 186                           dodge colt
## 187                         renault 12tl
## 188    chevrolet chevelle malibu classic
## 189               dodge coronet brougham
## 190                          amc matador
## 191                     ford gran torino
## 192                     plymouth valiant
## 193                       chevrolet nova
## 194                        ford maverick
## 195                           amc hornet
## 196                   chevrolet chevette
## 197                      chevrolet woody
## 198                            vw rabbit
## 199                          honda civic
## 200                       dodge aspen se
## 201                    ford granada ghia
## 202                   pontiac ventura sj
## 203                        amc pacer d/l
## 204                    volkswagen rabbit
## 205                         datsun b-210
## 206                       toyota corolla
## 207                           ford pinto
## 208                            volvo 245
## 209           plymouth volare premier v8
## 210                          peugeot 504
## 211                       toyota mark ii
## 212                   mercedes-benz 280s
## 213                     cadillac seville
## 214                            chevy c10
## 215                            ford f108
## 216                           dodge d100
## 217                    honda accord cvcc
## 218              buick opel isuzu deluxe
## 219                        renault 5 gtl
## 220                    plymouth arrow gs
## 221                datsun f-10 hatchback
## 222            chevrolet caprice classic
## 223           oldsmobile cutlass supreme
## 224                dodge monaco brougham
## 225              mercury cougar brougham
## 226                   chevrolet concours
## 227                        buick skylark
## 228               plymouth volare custom
## 229                         ford granada
## 230                pontiac grand prix lj
## 231         chevrolet monte carlo landau
## 232                     chrysler cordoba
## 233                     ford thunderbird
## 234             volkswagen rabbit custom
## 235                pontiac sunbird coupe
## 236              toyota corolla liftback
## 237                  ford mustang ii 2+2
## 238                   chevrolet chevette
## 239                       dodge colt m/m
## 240                            subaru dl
## 241                    volkswagen dasher
## 242                           datsun 810
## 243                             bmw 320i
## 244                           mazda rx-4
## 245      volkswagen rabbit custom diesel
## 246                          ford fiesta
## 247                     mazda glc deluxe
## 248                       datsun b210 gx
## 249                     honda civic cvcc
## 250    oldsmobile cutlass salon brougham
## 251                       dodge diplomat
## 252                 mercury monarch ghia
## 253                   pontiac phoenix lj
## 254                     chevrolet malibu
## 255                 ford fairmont (auto)
## 256                  ford fairmont (man)
## 257                      plymouth volare
## 258                          amc concord
## 259                buick century special
## 260                       mercury zephyr
## 261                          dodge aspen
## 262                      amc concord d/l
## 263         chevrolet monte carlo landau
## 264      buick regal sport coupe (turbo)
## 265                          ford futura
## 266                      dodge magnum xe
## 267                   chevrolet chevette
## 268                        toyota corona
## 269                           datsun 510
## 270                           dodge omni
## 271            toyota celica gt liftback
## 272                     plymouth sapporo
## 273               oldsmobile starfire sx
## 274                        datsun 200-sx
## 275                            audi 5000
## 276                          volvo 264gl
## 277                           saab 99gle
## 278                        peugeot 604sl
## 279                  volkswagen scirocco
## 280                      honda accord lx
## 281                    pontiac lemans v6
## 282                     mercury zephyr 6
## 283                      ford fairmont 4
## 284                     amc concord dl 6
## 285                        dodge aspen 6
## 286            chevrolet caprice classic
## 287                      ford ltd landau
## 288                mercury grand marquis
## 289                      dodge st. regis
## 290              buick estate wagon (sw)
## 291             ford country squire (sw)
## 292        chevrolet malibu classic (sw)
## 293 chrysler lebaron town @ country (sw)
## 294                     vw rabbit custom
## 295                     maxda glc deluxe
## 296          dodge colt hatchback custom
## 297                        amc spirit dl
## 298                   mercedes benz 300d
## 299                    cadillac eldorado
## 300                          peugeot 504
## 301    oldsmobile cutlass salon brougham
## 302                     plymouth horizon
## 303                 plymouth horizon tc3
## 304                           datsun 210
## 305                   fiat strada custom
## 306                buick skylark limited
## 307                   chevrolet citation
## 308            oldsmobile omega brougham
## 309                      pontiac phoenix
## 310                            vw rabbit
## 311                toyota corolla tercel
## 312                   chevrolet chevette
## 313                           datsun 310
## 314                   chevrolet citation
## 315                        ford fairmont
## 316                          amc concord
## 317                          dodge aspen
## 318                            audi 4000
## 319               toyota corona liftback
## 320                            mazda 626
## 321                 datsun 510 hatchback
## 322                       toyota corolla
## 323                            mazda glc
## 324                           dodge colt
## 325                           datsun 210
## 326                 vw rabbit c (diesel)
## 327                   vw dasher (diesel)
## 328                  audi 5000s (diesel)
## 329                   mercedes-benz 240d
## 330                  honda civic 1500 gl
## 331                 renault lecar deluxe
## 332                            subaru dl
## 333                     vokswagen rabbit
## 334                        datsun 280-zx
## 335                        mazda rx-7 gs
## 336                    triumph tr7 coupe
## 337                   ford mustang cobra
## 338                         honda accord
## 339                     plymouth reliant
## 340                        buick skylark
## 341               dodge aries wagon (sw)
## 342                   chevrolet citation
## 343                     plymouth reliant
## 344                       toyota starlet
## 345                       plymouth champ
## 346                     honda civic 1300
## 347                               subaru
## 348                       datsun 210 mpg
## 349                        toyota tercel
## 350                          mazda glc 4
## 351                   plymouth horizon 4
## 352                       ford escort 4w
## 353                       ford escort 2h
## 354                     volkswagen jetta
## 355                          renault 18i
## 356                        honda prelude
## 357                       toyota corolla
## 358                         datsun 200sx
## 359                            mazda 626
## 360            peugeot 505s turbo diesel
## 361                         volvo diesel
## 362                      toyota cressida
## 363                    datsun 810 maxima
## 364                        buick century
## 365                oldsmobile cutlass ls
## 366                      ford granada gl
## 367               chrysler lebaron salon
## 368                   chevrolet cavalier
## 369             chevrolet cavalier wagon
## 370            chevrolet cavalier 2-door
## 371           pontiac j2000 se hatchback
## 372                       dodge aries se
## 373                      pontiac phoenix
## 374                 ford fairmont futura
## 375                  volkswagen rabbit l
## 376                   mazda glc custom l
## 377                     mazda glc custom
## 378               plymouth horizon miser
## 379                       mercury lynx l
## 380                     nissan stanza xe
## 381                         honda accord
## 382                       toyota corolla
## 383                          honda civic
## 384                   honda civic (auto)
## 385                        datsun 310 gx
## 386                buick century limited
## 387    oldsmobile cutlass ciera (diesel)
## 388           chrysler lebaron medallion
## 389                       ford granada l
## 390                     toyota celica gt
## 391                    dodge charger 2.2
## 392                     chevrolet camaro
## 393                      ford mustang gl
## 394                            vw pickup
## 395                        dodge rampage
## 396                          ford ranger
## 397                           chevy s-10
range(Auto[-c(10:85)]$mpg)
## [1]  9.0 46.6
range(Auto[-c(10:85)]$cylinders)
## [1] 3 8
range(Auto[-c(10:85)]$displacement)
## [1]  68 455
range(Auto[-c(10:85)]$horsepower)
## [1] NA NA
range(Auto[-c(10:85)]$weight)
## [1] 1613 5140
range(Auto[-c(10:85)]$acceleration)
## [1]  8.0 24.8
range(Auto[-c(10:85)]$year)
## [1] 70 82
range(Auto[-c(10:85)]$origin)
## [1] 1 3
mean(Auto[-c(10:85)]$mpg)
## [1] 23.51587
mean(Auto[-c(10:85)]$cylinders)
## [1] 5.458438
mean(Auto[-c(10:85)]$displacement)
## [1] 193.5327
mean(Auto[-c(10:85)]$horsepower)
## [1] NA
mean(Auto[-c(10:85)]$weight)
## [1] 2970.262
mean(Auto[-c(10:85)]$acceleration)
## [1] 15.55567
mean(Auto[-c(10:85)]$year)
## [1] 75.99496
mean(Auto[-c(10:85)]$origin)
## [1] 1.574307
sd(Auto[-c(10:85)]$mpg)
## [1] 7.825804
sd(Auto[-c(10:85)]$cylinders)
## [1] 1.701577
sd(Auto[-c(10:85)]$displacement)
## [1] 104.3796
sd(Auto[-c(10:85)]$horsepower)
## [1] NA
sd(Auto[-c(10:85)]$weight)
## [1] 847.9041
sd(Auto[-c(10:85)]$acceleration)
## [1] 2.749995
sd(Auto[-c(10:85)]$year)
## [1] 3.690005
sd(Auto[-c(10:85)]$origin)
## [1] 0.8025495

E. Using the full data set, investigate the predictors graphically, using scatterplots and other tools of your choice. Create some plots (at least 3) highlighting the relationships among the predictors. Comment on your findings. Hint: You can use the pairs() function on the data frame to see all pairwise scatterplots at once!

str(Auto)
## 'data.frame':    397 obs. of  9 variables:
##  $ mpg         : num  18 15 18 16 17 15 14 14 14 15 ...
##  $ cylinders   : int  8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 ...
##  $ displacement: num  307 350 318 304 302 429 454 440 455 390 ...
##  $ horsepower  : num  130 165 150 150 140 198 220 215 225 190 ...
##  $ weight      : num  3504 3693 3436 3433 3449 ...
##  $ acceleration: num  12 11.5 11 12 10.5 10 9 8.5 10 8.5 ...
##  $ year        : int  70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 ...
##  $ origin      : int  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
##  $ name        : Factor w/ 304 levels "amc ambassador brougham",..: 49 36 231 14 161 141 54 223 241 2 ...
plot(Auto)

library(tidyverse)
ggplot(Auto, aes(y=weight, x=horsepower, color=weight))+
  geom_point()
## Warning: Removed 5 rows containing missing values (geom_point).

ggplot(Auto, aes(y=cylinders, x=horsepower, color=cylinders))+
  geom_point()
## Warning: Removed 5 rows containing missing values (geom_point).

ggplot(Auto, aes(y=acceleration, x=horsepower, color=acceleration))+
  geom_point()
## Warning: Removed 5 rows containing missing values (geom_point).

F. Suppose that we wish to predict gas mileage ( mpg ) on the basis of the other variables. Do your plots suggest that any of the other variables might be useful in predicting mpg ? Justify your answer

plot(Auto)

With regard to estimating mpg, displacement, horsepower and weight have statistically correlated. From the polots above, we can make an assumption that more miles per gallon increases, variables such as displacement, horsepower, and weight decrease. We can also crerate a model for linear regression from these variables and R-squared would be significant and we would be able to acquire p-value presumably less than the level of significance that is set in the analysis.

Problem 2 Working with vectors and matrices

The following is data for the box office sales of Star Wars movies.

Box office Star Wars (in millions!)
new_hope <- c(460.998, 314.4) 
new_hope
## [1] 460.998 314.400
empire_strikes <- c(290.475, 247.900) 
empire_strikes
## [1] 290.475 247.900
return_jedi <- c(309.306, 165.8)
return_jedi
## [1] 309.306 165.800
##### Vectorsregion and titles, used for naming
region <- c("US", "non-US")
region
## [1] "US"     "non-US"
titles <- c("A New Hope", "The Empire Strikes Back", "Return of the Jedi")
titles
## [1] "A New Hope"              "The Empire Strikes Back"
## [3] "Return of the Jedi"

A

starWars <- c(460.998, 314.4, 290.475, 247.900, 309.306, 165.8)
starWars 
## [1] 460.998 314.400 290.475 247.900 309.306 165.800

B

head(starWars)
## [1] 460.998 314.400 290.475 247.900 309.306 165.800
star_wars_matrix <- matrix(starWars, nrow = 3, byrow = TRUE,
                           dimnames = list(c("A New Hope", "The Empire Strikes Back", "Return of the Jedi"), 
                                           c("US", "non-US")))
star_wars_matrix
##                              US non-US
## A New Hope              460.998  314.4
## The Empire Strikes Back 290.475  247.9
## Return of the Jedi      309.306  165.8

C

#Calculate the worldwide box office figures for each movie using the rowSums() function. Name and output this vector. ?rowSums

worldwide_vector <- rowSums(star_wars_matrix)
worldwide_vector
##              A New Hope The Empire Strikes Back      Return of the Jedi 
##                 775.398                 538.375                 475.106

D

#Now we want to add a column to our matrix for worldwide sales. You can do this by using the cbind() function. This function binds columns together.

all_wars_matrix <- cbind(star_wars_matrix, worldwide_vector)
all_wars_matrix
##                              US non-US worldwide_vector
## A New Hope              460.998  314.4          775.398
## The Empire Strikes Back 290.475  247.9          538.375
## Return of the Jedi      309.306  165.8          475.106

E

Create another matrix for the prequels and name it starWars2 . Don’t forget to name the rows and the columns (similar to above) # Prequels ?prequals

phantom_menace <- c(474.5, 552.5)
phantom_menace
## [1] 474.5 552.5
attack_clones <- c(310.7, 338.7) 
attack_clones
## [1] 310.7 338.7
revenge_sith <- c(380.3, 468.5)
revenge_sith
## [1] 380.3 468.5
region <- c("US", "non-US")
region
## [1] "US"     "non-US"
titles2 <- c("The Phantom Menace", "Attack of the Clones", "Revenge of the Sith")
titles2
## [1] "The Phantom Menace"   "Attack of the Clones" "Revenge of the Sith"
box_office <- c(474.5, 552.5, 310.7, 338.7, 380.3, 468.5)
star_wars_matrix_2 <- matrix(box_office, nrow = 3, byrow = TRUE,
                           dimnames = list(c("The Phantom Menace", "Attack of the Clones", "Revenge of the Sith"), 
                                           c("US", "non-US")))

 star_wars_matrix_2
##                         US non-US
## The Phantom Menace   474.5  552.5
## Attack of the Clones 310.7  338.7
## Revenge of the Sith  380.3  468.5
 worldwide_vector <- rowSums(star_wars_matrix_2)
 worldwide_vector
##   The Phantom Menace Attack of the Clones  Revenge of the Sith 
##               1027.0                649.4                848.8
 all_wars_matrix_2 <- cbind(star_wars_matrix_2, worldwide_vector)
 all_wars_matrix_2
##                         US non-US worldwide_vector
## The Phantom Menace   474.5  552.5           1027.0
## Attack of the Clones 310.7  338.7            649.4
## Revenge of the Sith  380.3  468.5            848.8

F

Make one big matrix that combines all the movies (from starWars and starWars2 ) using rbind() . This binds rows or in this case can be used to combine to matrices. Name this new matrix allStarWars .

all_wars_matrix_1_2 <- rbind(star_wars_matrix, star_wars_matrix_2)
all_wars_matrix_1_2
##                              US non-US
## A New Hope              460.998  314.4
## The Empire Strikes Back 290.475  247.9
## Return of the Jedi      309.306  165.8
## The Phantom Menace      474.500  552.5
## Attack of the Clones    310.700  338.7
## Revenge of the Sith     380.300  468.5

G

Find the total non-US revenue for all the movies using the colSums() function.

total_non_US_revenue_vector <- colSums(all_wars_matrix_1_2)
total_non_US_revenue_vector
##       US   non-US 
## 2226.279 2087.800

Problem 3 College Data

A

#Use the read.csv() function to read the data into R. You can download the data from the book’s website (don’t forget to set the working directory) or you can use the URL.

college <- read.csv("http://faculty.marshall.usc.edu/gareth-james/ISL/College.csv", header=TRUE)
college 
##                                                 X Private  Apps Accept Enroll
## 1                    Abilene Christian University     Yes  1660   1232    721
## 2                              Adelphi University     Yes  2186   1924    512
## 3                                  Adrian College     Yes  1428   1097    336
## 4                             Agnes Scott College     Yes   417    349    137
## 5                       Alaska Pacific University     Yes   193    146     55
## 6                               Albertson College     Yes   587    479    158
## 7                         Albertus Magnus College     Yes   353    340    103
## 8                                  Albion College     Yes  1899   1720    489
## 9                                Albright College     Yes  1038    839    227
## 10                      Alderson-Broaddus College     Yes   582    498    172
## 11                              Alfred University     Yes  1732   1425    472
## 12                              Allegheny College     Yes  2652   1900    484
## 13        Allentown Coll. of St. Francis de Sales     Yes  1179    780    290
## 14                                   Alma College     Yes  1267   1080    385
## 15                                Alverno College     Yes   494    313    157
## 16                 American International College     Yes  1420   1093    220
## 17                                Amherst College     Yes  4302    992    418
## 18                            Anderson University     Yes  1216    908    423
## 19                             Andrews University     Yes  1130    704    322
## 20                        Angelo State University      No  3540   2001   1016
## 21                             Antioch University     Yes   713    661    252
## 22                   Appalachian State University      No  7313   4664   1910
## 23                                Aquinas College     Yes   619    516    219
## 24           Arizona State University Main campus      No 12809  10308   3761
## 25                Arkansas College (Lyon College)     Yes   708    334    166
## 26                       Arkansas Tech University      No  1734   1729    951
## 27                             Assumption College     Yes  2135   1700    491
## 28                  Auburn University-Main Campus      No  7548   6791   3070
## 29                               Augsburg College     Yes   662    513    257
## 30                           Augustana College IL     Yes  1879   1658    497
## 31                              Augustana College     Yes   761    725    306
## 32                                 Austin College     Yes   948    798    295
## 33                                Averett College     Yes   627    556    172
## 34                               Baker University     Yes   602    483    206
## 35                        Baldwin-Wallace College     Yes  1690   1366    662
## 36                                  Barat College     Yes   261    192    111
## 37                                   Bard College     Yes  1910    838    285
## 38                                Barnard College     Yes  2496   1402    531
## 39                               Barry University     Yes   990    784    279
## 40                              Baylor University     Yes  6075   5349   2367
## 41                                 Beaver College     Yes  1163    850    348
## 42                             Bellarmine College     Yes   807    707    308
## 43                          Belmont Abbey College     Yes   632    494    129
## 44                             Belmont University     Yes  1220    974    481
## 45                                 Beloit College     Yes  1320    923    284
## 46                       Bemidji State University      No  1208    877    546
## 47                            Benedictine College     Yes   632    620    222
## 48                             Bennington College     Yes   519    327    114
## 49                                Bentley College     Yes  3466   2330    640
## 50                                  Berry College     Yes  1858   1221    480
## 51                                Bethany College     Yes   878    816    200
## 52                              Bethel College KS     Yes   202    184    122
## 53                                 Bethel College     Yes   502    384    104
## 54                        Bethune Cookman College     Yes  1646   1150    542
## 55                    Birmingham-Southern College     Yes   805    588    287
## 56                              Blackburn College     Yes   500    336    156
## 57               Bloomsburg Univ. of Pennsylvania      No  6773   3028   1025
## 58                              Bluefield College     Yes   377    358    181
## 59                               Bluffton College     Yes   692    514    209
## 60                              Boston University     Yes 20192  13007   3810
## 61                                Bowdoin College     Yes  3356   1019    418
## 62                 Bowling Green State University      No  9251   7333   3076
## 63                               Bradford College     Yes   443    330    151
## 64                             Bradley University     Yes  3767   3414   1061
## 65                            Brandeis University     Yes  4186   2743    740
## 66                              Brenau University     Yes   367    274    158
## 67                         Brewton-Parker College     Yes  1436   1228   1202
## 68                            Briar Cliff College     Yes   392    351    155
## 69                            Bridgewater College     Yes   838    673    292
## 70              Brigham Young University at Provo     Yes  7365   5402   4615
## 71                               Brown University     Yes 12586   3239   1462
## 72                              Bryn Mawr College     Yes  1465    810    313
## 73                            Bucknell University     Yes  6548   3813    862
## 74                            Buena Vista College     Yes   860    688    285
## 75                              Butler University     Yes  2362   2037    700
## 76                                Cabrini College     Yes   599    494    224
## 77                               Caldwell College     Yes  1011    604    213
## 78                 California Lutheran University     Yes   563    247    247
## 79                California Polytechnic-San Luis      No  7811   3817   1650
## 80          California State University at Fresno      No  4540   3294   1483
## 81                                 Calvin College     Yes  1784   1512    913
## 82                            Campbell University     Yes  2087   1339    657
## 83                         Campbellsville College     Yes   848    587    298
## 84                               Canisius College     Yes  2853   2193    753
## 85                             Capital University     Yes  1747   1382    449
## 86                                Capitol College     Yes   100     90     35
## 87                               Carleton College     Yes  2694   1579    489
## 88                     Carnegie Mellon University     Yes  8728   5201   1191
## 89                                Carroll College     Yes  1160    991    352
## 90                          Carson-Newman College     Yes  1096    951    464
## 91                               Carthage College     Yes  1616   1427    434
## 92                Case Western Reserve University     Yes  3877   3156    713
## 93                        Castleton State College      No  1257    940    363
## 94                                Catawba College     Yes  1083    880    291
## 95                 Catholic University of America     Yes  1754   1465    505
## 96                              Cazenovia College     Yes  3847   3433    527
## 97                            Cedar Crest College     Yes   776    607    198
## 98                             Cedarville College     Yes  1307   1090    616
## 99                              Centenary College     Yes   369    312     90
## 100                Centenary College of Louisiana     Yes   495    434    210
## 101                   Center for Creative Studies     Yes   601    396    203
## 102                               Central College     Yes  1283   1113    401
## 103          Central Connecticut State University      No  4158   2532    902
## 104             Central Missouri State University      No  4681   4101   1436
## 105                 Central Washington University      No  2785   2011   1007
## 106                      Central Wesleyan College     Yes   174    146     88
## 107                                Centre College     Yes  1013    888    288
## 108                            Chapman University     Yes   959    771    351
## 109                               Chatham College     Yes   212    197     91
## 110                         Chestnut Hill College     Yes   342    254    126
## 111                           Christendom College     Yes    81     72     51
## 112                 Christian Brothers University     Yes   880    520    224
## 113                Christopher Newport University      No   883    766    428
## 114                               Claflin College     Yes  1196    697    499
## 115                     Claremont McKenna College     Yes  1860    767    227
## 116                              Clark University     Yes  2887   2059    457
## 117                                Clarke College     Yes   460    340    167
## 118                           Clarkson University     Yes  2174   1953    557
## 119                            Clemson University      No  8065   5257   2301
## 120 Clinch Valley Coll. of  the Univ. of Virginia      No   689    561    250
## 121                                   Coe College     Yes  1006    742    275
## 122                                 Coker College     Yes   604    452    295
## 123                                 Colby College     Yes  2848   1319    456
## 124                            Colgate University     Yes  4856   2492    727
## 125                          College Misericordia     Yes  1432    888    317
## 126                         College of Charleston      No  4772   3140   1265
## 127                   College of Mount St. Joseph     Yes   798    620    238
## 128                  College of Mount St. Vincent     Yes   946    648    177
## 129                         College of Notre Dame     Yes   344    264     97
## 130             College of Notre Dame of Maryland     Yes   457    356    177
## 131                     College of Saint Benedict     Yes   938    864    511
## 132                    College of Saint Catherine     Yes   511    411    186
## 133                    College of Saint Elizabeth     Yes   444    359    122
## 134                         College of Saint Rose     Yes   983    664    249
## 135                           College of Santa Fe     Yes   546    447    189
## 136                         College of St. Joseph     Yes   141    118     55
## 137                    College of St. Scholastica     Yes   672    596    278
## 138                     College of the Holy Cross     Yes  2994   1691    659
## 139                   College of William and Mary      No  7117   3106   1217
## 140                            College of Wooster     Yes  2100   1883    553
## 141                              Colorado College     Yes  3207   1577    490
## 142                     Colorado State University      No  9478   6312   2194
## 143                           Columbia College MO     Yes   314    158    132
## 144                              Columbia College     Yes   737    614    242
## 145                           Columbia University     Yes  6756   1930    871
## 146                 Concordia College at St. Paul     Yes   281    266    139
## 147                    Concordia Lutheran College     Yes   232    216    106
## 148                       Concordia University CA     Yes   688    497    144
## 149                          Concordia University     Yes   528    403    186
## 150                           Connecticut College     Yes  3035   1546    438
## 151                              Converse College     Yes   440    407    149
## 152                               Cornell College     Yes  1538   1329    383
## 153                          Creighton University     Yes  2967   2836    876
## 154                       Culver-Stockton College     Yes  1576   1110    274
## 155                            Cumberland College     Yes   995    789    398
## 156                            D'Youville College     Yes   866    619    157
## 157                                  Dana College     Yes   504    482    185
## 158                        Daniel Webster College     Yes   585    508    153
## 159                             Dartmouth College     Yes  8587   2273   1087
## 160                              Davidson College     Yes  2373    956    452
## 161                              Defiance College     Yes   571    461    174
## 162                        Delta State University      No   967    945    459
## 163                            Denison University     Yes  2762   2279    533
## 164                             DePauw University     Yes  1994   1656    495
## 165                             Dickinson College     Yes  3014   2539    487
## 166                    Dickinson State University      No   434    412    319
## 167                            Dillard University     Yes  1998   1376    651
## 168                                 Doane College     Yes   793    709    244
## 169                 Dominican College of Blauvelt     Yes   360    329    108
## 170                                 Dordt College     Yes   604    562    328
## 171                               Dowling College     Yes  1011    829    410
## 172                              Drake University     Yes  2799   2573    839
## 173                               Drew University     Yes  2153   1580    321
## 174                                 Drury College     Yes   700    650    314
## 175                               Duke University     Yes 13789   3893   1583
## 176                               Earlham College     Yes  1358   1006    274
## 177                      East Carolina University      No  9274   6362   2435
## 178               East Tennessee State University      No  3330   2730   1303
## 179                 East Texas Baptist University     Yes   379    341    265
## 180                               Eastern College     Yes   458    369    165
## 181          Eastern Connecticut State University      No  2172   1493    564
## 182                   Eastern Illinois University      No  5597   4253   1565
## 183                     Eastern Mennonite College     Yes   486    440    227
## 184                      Eastern Nazarene College     Yes   516    409    200
## 185                                Eckerd College     Yes  1422   1109    366
## 186                         Elizabethtown College     Yes  2417   1843    426
## 187                                Elmira College     Yes  1457   1045    345
## 188                                  Elms College     Yes   245    208    125
## 189                                  Elon College     Yes  3624   2786    858
## 190          Embry Riddle Aeronautical University     Yes  3151   2584    958
## 191                         Emory & Henry College     Yes   765    646    226
## 192                              Emory University     Yes  8506   4168   1236
## 193                      Emporia State University      No  1256   1256    853
## 194                               Erskine College     Yes   659    557    167
## 195                                Eureka College     Yes   560    454    113
## 196                       Evergreen State College      No  1801   1101    438
## 197                          Fairfield University     Yes  4784   3346    781
## 198                 Fayetteville State University      No  1455   1064    452
## 199                                Ferrum College     Yes  1339   1107    336
## 200                               Flagler College     Yes  1415    714    338
## 201               Florida Institute of Technology     Yes  1947   1580    523
## 202              Florida International University      No  3306   2079   1071
## 203                      Florida Southern College     Yes  1381   1040    374
## 204                      Florida State University      No 11651   8683   3023
## 205                             Fontbonne College     Yes   291    245    126
## 206                            Fordham University     Yes  4200   2874    942
## 207                            Fort Lewis College      No  3440   2823   1123
## 208                     Francis Marion University      No  1801   1655    819
## 209         Franciscan University of Steubenville     Yes   553    452    228
## 210                              Franklin College     Yes   804    632    281
## 211                       Franklin Pierce College     Yes  5187   4471    446
## 212                     Freed-Hardeman University     Yes   895    548    314
## 213                        Fresno Pacific College     Yes   346    274    146
## 214                             Furman University     Yes  2161   1951    685
## 215                             Gannon University     Yes  2464   1908    678
## 216                       Gardner Webb University     Yes  1110    930    332
## 217                                Geneva College     Yes   668    534    237
## 218                            George Fox College     Yes   809    726    294
## 219                       George Mason University      No  5653   4326   1727
## 220                  George Washington University     Yes  7875   5062   1492
## 221                            Georgetown College     Yes   727    693    286
## 222                         Georgetown University     Yes 11115   2881   1390
## 223               Georgia Institute of Technology      No  7837   4527   2276
## 224                      Georgia State University      No  3793   2341   1238
## 225                        Georgian Court College     Yes   348    281    127
## 226                            Gettysburg College     Yes  3596   2466    575
## 227                         Goldey Beacom College     Yes   633    468    284
## 228                            Gonzaga University     Yes  1886   1524    526
## 229                                Gordon College     Yes   674    565    282
## 230                                Goshen College     Yes   440    396    221
## 231                               Goucher College     Yes  1151    813    248
## 232                    Grace College and Seminary     Yes   548    428    167
## 233                             Graceland College     Yes   555    414    242
## 234                 Grand Valley State University      No  5165   3887   1561
## 235                        Green Mountain College     Yes   780    628    198
## 236                            Greensboro College     Yes   608    494    176
## 237                            Greenville College     Yes   510    387    194
## 238                              Grinnell College     Yes  2039   1389    432
## 239                            Grove City College     Yes  2491   1110    573
## 240                              Guilford College     Yes  1202   1054    326
## 241                     Gustavus Adolphus College     Yes  1709   1385    634
## 242                         Gwynedd Mercy College     Yes   380    237    104
## 243                              Hamilton College     Yes  3140   1783    454
## 244                            Hamline University     Yes  1006    825    328
## 245                      Hampden - Sydney College     Yes   817    644    307
## 246                            Hampton University     Yes  7178   3755   1433
## 247                               Hanover College     Yes  1006    837    317
## 248                     Hardin-Simmons University     Yes   467    424    350
## 249                            Harding University     Yes  1721   1068    806
## 250                              Hartwick College     Yes  2083   1725    430
## 251                            Harvard University     Yes 13865   2165   1606
## 252                           Harvey Mudd College     Yes  1377    572    178
## 253                              Hastings College     Yes   817    708    262
## 254                               Hendrix College     Yes   823    721    274
## 255                             Hillsdale College     Yes   920    745    347
## 256                                 Hiram College     Yes   922    729    244
## 257             Hobart and William Smith Colleges     Yes  2688   2081    500
## 258                            Hofstra University     Yes  7428   5860   1349
## 259                               Hollins College     Yes   602    498    215
## 260                                  Hood College     Yes   699    565    176
## 261                                  Hope College     Yes  1712   1483    624
## 262                              Houghton College     Yes   949    786    302
## 263                            Huntingdon College     Yes   608    520    127
## 264                            Huntington College     Yes   450    430    125
## 265                              Huron University     Yes   600    197    124
## 266                                Husson College     Yes   723    652    361
## 267                  Illinois Benedictine College     Yes   607    558    269
## 268                              Illinois College     Yes   894    787    262
## 269              Illinois Institute of Technology     Yes  1756   1360    478
## 270                     Illinois State University      No  8681   6695   2408
## 271                  Illinois Wesleyan University     Yes  3050   1342    471
## 272                            Immaculata College     Yes   268    253    103
## 273                        Incarnate Word College     Yes  1163    927    386
## 274                      Indiana State University      No  5659   4761   3147
## 275             Indiana University at Bloomington      No 16587  13243   5873
## 276                   Indiana Wesleyan University     Yes   735    423    366
## 277                                  Iona College     Yes  4892   3530    913
## 278                         Iowa State University      No  8427   7424   3441
## 279                                Ithaca College     Yes  7259   5526   1368
## 280                      James Madison University      No 11223   5285   2082
## 281                             Jamestown College     Yes   472    410    262
## 282                     Jersey City State College      No  2957   1423    691
## 283                         John Brown University     Yes   605    405    284
## 284                       John Carroll University     Yes  2421   2109    820
## 285                      Johns Hopkins University     Yes  8474   3446    911
## 286                         Johnson State College      No   833    669    279
## 287                                Judson College     Yes   313    228    137
## 288                               Juniata College     Yes  1005    859    298
## 289                       Kansas State University      No  5880   4075   2833
## 290                    Kansas Wesleyan University     Yes   589    575    148
## 291                           Keene State College      No  3121   2446    822
## 292                     Kentucky Wesleyan College     Yes   584    497    175
## 293                                Kenyon College     Yes  2212   1538    408
## 294                                 Keuka College     Yes   461    381    174
## 295                                King's College     Yes  1456   1053    381
## 296                                  King College     Yes   355    300    142
## 297                                  Knox College     Yes  1040    845    286
## 298                              La Roche College     Yes   361    321    185
## 299                           La Salle University     Yes  2929   1834    622
## 300                             Lafayette College     Yes  4010   2402    572
## 301                              LaGrange College     Yes   544    399    177
## 302                           Lake Forest College     Yes   979    638    271
## 303                              Lakeland College     Yes   497    452    231
## 304                              Lamar University      No  2336   1725   1043
## 305                            Lambuth University     Yes   831    538    224
## 306                             Lander University      No  1166   1009    510
## 307                           Lawrence University     Yes  1243    947    324
## 308                              Le Moyne College     Yes  1470   1199    425
## 309                        Lebanon Valley College     Yes  1386   1060    320
## 310                             Lehigh University     Yes  6397   4304   1092
## 311                          Lenoir-Rhyne College     Yes   979    743    259
## 312                                Lesley College     Yes   244    198     82
## 313                         LeTourneau University     Yes   477    417    204
## 314                       Lewis and Clark College     Yes  2774   2092    482
## 315                              Lewis University     Yes  1154   1050    395
## 316                   Lincoln Memorial University     Yes   787    562    363
## 317                            Lincoln University      No  1660   1091    326
## 318                            Lindenwood College     Yes   810    484    356
## 319                              Linfield College     Yes  1561   1188    458
## 320                           Livingstone College     Yes   900    473    217
## 321         Lock Haven University of Pennsylvania      No  3570   2215    651
## 322                              Longwood College      No  2747   1870    724
## 323                                 Loras College     Yes  1641   1283    527
## 324                             Louisiana College     Yes  2013   1053    212
## 325     Louisiana State University at Baton Rouge      No  5996   4993   3079
## 326                     Louisiana Tech University      No  2397   2144   1525
## 327                                Loyola College     Yes  4076   3137    738
## 328                   Loyola Marymount University     Yes  3768   2662    753
## 329                             Loyola University     Yes  1891   1698    719
## 330                     Loyola University Chicago     Yes  3579   2959    868
## 331                                Luther College     Yes  1549   1392    587
## 332                              Lycoming College     Yes  1286   1005    363
## 333                             Lynchburg College     Yes  1756   1500    366
## 334                          Lyndon State College      No   535    502    223
## 335                            Macalester College     Yes  2939   1496    452
## 336                             MacMurray College     Yes   740    558    177
## 337                                Malone College     Yes   874    758    428
## 338                            Manchester College     Yes  1004    802    239
## 339                             Manhattan College     Yes  2432   1730    563
## 340                        Manhattanville College     Yes   962    750    212
## 341                      Mankato State University      No  3073   2672   1547
## 342                 Marian College of Fond du Lac     Yes   824    670    337
## 343                              Marietta College     Yes  1611    960    342
## 344                                Marist College     Yes  4731   3171    830
## 345                          Marquette University     Yes  5152   4600   1685
## 346                           Marshall University     Yes  4226   3666   2007
## 347                          Mary Baldwin College     Yes   499    441    199
## 348                       Mary Washington College      No  4350   2178    756
## 349                   Marymount College Tarrytown     Yes   478    327    117
## 350                   Marymount Manhattan College     Yes   695    535    239
## 351                          Marymount University     Yes   941    772    214
## 352                             Maryville College     Yes  1464    888    176
## 353                          Maryville University     Yes   549    397    169
## 354                              Marywood College     Yes  1107    859    323
## 355         Massachusetts Institute of Technology     Yes  6411   2140   1078
## 356                     Mayville State University      No   233    233    153
## 357                             McKendree College     Yes  1002    555    119
## 358                            McMurry University     Yes   578    411    187
## 359                             McPherson College     Yes   420    293     93
## 360                             Mercer University     Yes  2286   1668    564
## 361                            Mercyhurst College     Yes  1557   1074    397
## 362                              Meredith College     Yes   857    772    376
## 363                             Merrimack College     Yes  1981   1541    514
## 364                            Mesa State College      No  1584   1456    891
## 365                               Messiah College     Yes  1742   1382    607
## 366                    Miami University at Oxford      No  9239   7788   3290
## 367                     Michigan State University      No 18114  15096   6180
## 368             Michigan Technological University      No  2618   2288   1032
## 369                   MidAmerica Nazarene College     Yes   331    331    225
## 370              Millersville University of Penn.      No  6011   3075    960
## 371                              Milligan College     Yes   610    461    189
## 372                           Millikin University     Yes  1444   1261    456
## 373                              Millsaps College     Yes   905    834    319
## 374               Milwaukee School of Engineering     Yes  1217   1088    496
## 375                           Mississippi College     Yes   594    385    307
## 376                  Mississippi State University      No  4255   3277   1609
## 377              Mississippi University for Women      No   480    405    380
## 378               Missouri Southern State College      No  1576   1326    913
## 379                       Missouri Valley College     Yes  1310    983    316
## 380                           Monmouth College IL     Yes   601    503    204
## 381                              Monmouth College     Yes  2707   1881    478
## 382       Montana College of Mineral Sci. & Tech.      No   572    544    320
## 383                      Montana State University      No  3500   2836   1779
## 384                    Montclair State University      No  5220   2128    865
## 385                     Montreat-Anderson College     Yes   263    223    103
## 386                     Moorhead State University      No  2442   2164   1189
## 387                              Moravian College     Yes  1232    955    303
## 388                             Morehouse College     Yes  3708   1678    722
## 389                           Morningside College     Yes   586    533    239
## 390                                Morris College     Yes   882    730    330
## 391                         Mount Holyoke College     Yes  1800   1314    526
## 392                           Mount Marty College     Yes   279    276    126
## 393                            Mount Mary College     Yes   235    217    121
## 394                           Mount Mercy College     Yes   368    317    159
## 395                     Mount Saint Clare College     Yes   325    284     95
## 396                    Mount Saint Mary's College     Yes  1321   1159    328
## 397                      Mount Saint Mary College     Yes  1170    695    238
## 398                      Mount St. Mary's College     Yes   657    537    113
## 399                           Mount Union College     Yes  1310   1086    458
## 400                 Mount Vernon Nazarene College     Yes   510    485    334
## 401                            Muhlenberg College     Yes  2519   1836    462
## 402                       Murray State University      No  2225   1910   1190
## 403                             Muskingum College     Yes  1109    922    375
## 404                     National-Louis University     Yes   513    347    279
## 405                 Nazareth College of Rochester     Yes   947    798    266
## 406            New Jersey Institute of Technology      No  1879   1216    483
## 407      New Mexico Institute of Mining and Tech.      No   787    601    233
## 408                           New York University     Yes 13594   7244   2505
## 409                              Newberry College     Yes   872    722    154
## 410                            Niagara University     Yes  2220   1796    467
## 411                     North Adams State College      No  1563   1005    240
## 412       North Carolina A. & T. State University      No  4809   3089   1429
## 413    North Carolina State University at Raleigh      No 10634   7064   3176
## 414               North Carolina Wesleyan College     Yes   812    689    195
## 415                         North Central College     Yes  1127    884    308
## 416                 North Dakota State University      No  2968   2297   1610
## 417                            North Park College     Yes   465    361    176
## 418           Northeast Missouri State University      No  6040   4577   1620
## 419                       Northeastern University     Yes 11901   8492   2517
## 420                   Northern Arizona University      No  5891   4931   1973
## 421                  Northern Illinois University      No 10706   7219   2397
## 422           Northwest Missouri State University      No  2729   2535   1257
## 423                    Northwest Nazarene College     Yes   616    514    385
## 424                          Northwestern College     Yes   860    811    366
## 425                       Northwestern University     Yes 12289   5200   1902
## 426                            Norwich University     Yes  1743   1625    626
## 427                            Notre Dame College     Yes   379    324    107
## 428                            Oakland University      No  3041   2581   1173
## 429                               Oberlin College     Yes  4778   2767    678
## 430                            Occidental College     Yes  2324   1319    370
## 431                         Oglethorpe University     Yes   792    649    186
## 432                      Ohio Northern University     Yes  2936   2342    669
## 433                               Ohio University      No 11023   8298   3183
## 434                      Ohio Wesleyan University     Yes  2190   1700    458
## 435                   Oklahoma Baptist University     Yes   758    681    484
## 436                 Oklahoma Christian University     Yes   776    765    351
## 437                     Oklahoma State University      No  4522   3913   2181
## 438                             Otterbein College     Yes  1496   1205    428
## 439                   Ouachita Baptist University     Yes   910    773    450
## 440               Our Lady of the Lake University     Yes  2308   1336    295
## 441                               Pace University     Yes  8256   3750   1522
## 442                   Pacific Lutheran University     Yes  1603   1392    504
## 443                         Pacific Union College     Yes   940    668    385
## 444                            Pacific University     Yes   943    849    288
## 445                     Pembroke State University      No   944    774    440
## 446          Pennsylvania State Univ. Main Campus      No 19315  10344   3450
## 447                         Pepperdine University     Yes  3821   2037    680
## 448                            Peru State College      No   701    501    458
## 449                              Pfeiffer College     Yes   838    651    159
## 450       Philadelphia Coll. of Textiles and Sci.     Yes  1538   1259    468
## 451                           Phillips University     Yes   692    576    174
## 452                              Piedmont College     Yes   663    562    127
## 453                             Pikeville College     Yes   404    400    169
## 454                                Pitzer College     Yes  1133    630    220
## 455                   Point Loma Nazarene College     Yes   809    687    428
## 456                            Point Park College     Yes   875    744    207
## 457                        Polytechnic University     Yes  1132    847    302
## 458             Prairie View A. and M. University      No  2405   2234   1061
## 459                          Presbyterian College     Yes  1082    832    302
## 460                          Princeton University     Yes 13218   2042   1153
## 461                            Providence College     Yes  5139   3346    973
## 462           Purdue University at West Lafayette      No 21804  18744   5874
## 463                                Queens College     Yes   516    392    154
## 464                             Quincy University     Yes  1025    707    297
## 465                            Quinnipiac College     Yes  3712   2153    806
## 466                            Radford University      No  5702   4894   1742
## 467                  Ramapo College of New Jersey      No  2088    957    362
## 468                        Randolph-Macon College     Yes  1771   1325    306
## 469                Randolph-Macon Woman's College     Yes   696    616    169
## 470                                  Reed College     Yes  1966   1436    327
## 471                                 Regis College     Yes   427    385    143
## 472              Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute     Yes  4996   4165    936
## 473                                Rhodes College     Yes  2302   1831    391
## 474                              Rider University     Yes  3586   2424    730
## 475                                 Ripon College     Yes   587    501    211
## 476                                Rivier College     Yes   484    386    141
## 477                               Roanoke College     Yes  2227   1790    437
## 478                             Rockhurst College     Yes   935    858    345
## 479                        Rocky Mountain College     Yes   560    392    270
## 480                     Roger Williams University     Yes  3304   2804    679
## 481                               Rollins College     Yes  1777   1151    382
## 482                                Rosary College     Yes   434    321    141
## 483                   Rowan College of New Jersey      No  3820   1431    695
## 484                      Rutgers at New Brunswick      No 48094  26330   4520
## 485            Rutgers State University at Camden      No  3366   1752    232
## 486            Rutgers State University at Newark      No  5785   2690    499
## 487                       Sacred Heart University     Yes  2307   1896    509
## 488                      Saint Ambrose University     Yes   897    718    276
## 489                          Saint Anselm College     Yes  2095   1553    514
## 490                  Saint Cloud State University      No  3971   3306   1921
## 491                      Saint Francis College IN     Yes   213    166     85
## 492                         Saint Francis College     Yes  1046    824    284
## 493                       Saint John's University     Yes   933    800    444
## 494                     Saint Joseph's College IN     Yes   920    684    225
## 495                        Saint Joseph's College     Yes   833    682    217
## 496                     Saint Joseph's University     Yes  2519   2003    776
## 497                          Saint Joseph College     Yes   292    241     96
## 498                        Saint Louis University     Yes  3294   2855    956
## 499                          Saint Mary's College     Yes   888    734    393
## 500             Saint Mary's College of Minnesota     Yes   876    802    367
## 501               Saint Mary-of-the-Woods College     Yes   150    130     88
## 502                       Saint Michael's College     Yes  1910   1380    463
## 503                            Saint Olaf College     Yes  2248   1673    745
## 504                         Saint Peter's College     Yes  1606   1413    530
## 505                         Saint Vincent College     Yes   700    595    278
## 506                       Saint Xavier University     Yes   785    647    295
## 507                       Salem-Teikyo University     Yes   489    384    120
## 508                                 Salem College     Yes   335    284    132
## 509                    Salisbury State University      No  4216   2290    736
## 510                            Samford University     Yes  1680   1395    691
## 511                    San Diego State University      No  9402   7020   2151
## 512                        Santa Clara University     Yes  4019   2779    888
## 513                        Sarah Lawrence College     Yes  1380    768    263
## 514              Savannah Coll. of Art and Design     Yes  1109    688    386
## 515                             Schreiner College     Yes   584    413    131
## 516                               Scripps College     Yes   855    632    139
## 517                    Seattle Pacific University     Yes  1183   1016    411
## 518                            Seattle University     Yes  2115   1540    494
## 519                         Seton Hall University     Yes  4576   3565   1000
## 520                            Seton Hill College     Yes   936    794    197
## 521              Shippensburg University of Penn.      No  5818   3281   1116
## 522                               Shorter College     Yes   540    445    165
## 523                                 Siena College     Yes  2961   1932    628
## 524                         Siena Heights College     Yes   464    419    183
## 525                               Simmons College     Yes  1003    782    295
## 526                               Simpson College     Yes  1016    872    300
## 527                           Sioux Falls College     Yes   437    400    211
## 528                              Skidmore College     Yes  4293   2728    591
## 529                                 Smith College     Yes  2925   1598    632
## 530                 South Dakota State University      No  2807   2589   1701
## 531           Southeast Missouri State University      No  2281   1870   1408
## 532             Southeastern Oklahoma State Univ.      No   818    700    447
## 533                   Southern California College     Yes   385    340    193
## 534  Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville      No  2540   2195    994
## 535                 Southern Methodist University     Yes  4301   3455   1166
## 536                  Southwest Baptist University     Yes  1093   1093    642
## 537           Southwest Missouri State University      No  6118   5254   3204
## 538                    Southwest State University      No  1047    938    511
## 539                Southwestern Adventist College     Yes   321    318    172
## 540                          Southwestern College     Yes   213    155     75
## 541                       Southwestern University     Yes  1244    912    352
## 542                           Spalding University     Yes   283    201     97
## 543                               Spelman College     Yes  3713   1237    443
## 544                          Spring Arbor College     Yes   372    362    181
## 545                    St. Bonaventure University     Yes  1489   1313    375
## 546                            St. John's College     Yes   323    278    122
## 547                       St. John Fisher College     Yes  1368   1064    354
## 548                       St. Lawrence University     Yes  2753   1820    505
## 549                          St. Martin's College     Yes   191    165     63
## 550              St. Mary's College of California     Yes  2643   1611    465
## 551                St. Mary's College of Maryland      No  1340    695    285
## 552          St. Mary's University of San Antonio     Yes  1243   1020    414
## 553                           St. Norbert College     Yes  1334   1243    568
## 554                            St. Paul's College     Yes   651    581    243
## 555                    St. Thomas Aquinas College     Yes   861    609    215
## 556                              Stephens College     Yes   450    405    194
## 557                            Stetson University     Yes  1557   1227    489
## 558               Stevens Institute of Technology     Yes  1768   1249    380
## 559                Stockton College of New Jersey      No  4019   1579    710
## 560                             Stonehill College     Yes  3646   2300    585
## 561                                SUNY at Albany      No 13528   9198   1843
## 562                            SUNY at Binghamton      No 14463   6166   1757
## 563                               SUNY at Buffalo      No 15039   9649   3087
## 564                           SUNY at Stony Brook      No 12512   6969   1724
## 565                    SUNY College  at Brockport      No  7294   3564    904
## 566                       SUNY College  at Oswego      No  8000   4556   1464
## 567                       SUNY College at Buffalo      No  5318   3515   1025
## 568                      SUNY College at Cortland      No  7888   3519   1036
## 569                      SUNY College at Fredonia      No  4877   2798    814
## 570                       SUNY College at Geneseo      No  8598   4562   1143
## 571                     SUNY College at New Paltz      No  8399   3609    656
## 572                   SUNY College at Plattsburgh      No  5549   3583    853
## 573                       SUNY College at Potsdam      No  3150   2289    650
## 574                      SUNY College at Purchase      No  2119   1264    390
## 575                        Susquehanna University     Yes  2096   1512    465
## 576                           Sweet Briar College     Yes   462    402    146
## 577                           Syracuse University     Yes 10477   7260   2442
## 578                                 Tabor College     Yes   257    183    109
## 579                             Talladega College     Yes  4414   1500    335
## 580                             Taylor University     Yes  1769   1092    437
## 581                    Tennessee Wesleyan College     Yes   232    182     99
## 582            Texas A&M Univ. at College Station      No 14474  10519   6392
## 583             Texas A&M University at Galveston      No   529    481    243
## 584                    Texas Christian University     Yes  4095   3079   1195
## 585                        Texas Lutheran College     Yes   497    423    215
## 586                     Texas Southern University      No  4345   3245   2604
## 587                     Texas Wesleyan University     Yes   592    501    279
## 588                                   The Citadel      No  1500   1242    611
## 589                                 Thiel College     Yes  1154    951    253
## 590                             Tiffin University     Yes   845    734    254
## 591                       Transylvania University     Yes   759    729    244
## 592                         Trenton State College      No  5042   2312    944
## 593                          Tri-State University     Yes  1262   1102    276
## 594                            Trinity College CT     Yes  3058   1798    478
## 595                            Trinity College DC     Yes   247    189    100
## 596                            Trinity College VT     Yes   222    185     91
## 597                            Trinity University     Yes  2425   1818    601
## 598                             Tulane University     Yes  7033   5125   1223
## 599                              Tusculum College     Yes   626    372    145
## 600                           Tuskegee University     Yes  2267   1827    611
## 601                              Union College KY     Yes   484    384    177
## 602                              Union College NY     Yes  3495   1712    528
## 603                 Univ. of Wisconsin at OshKosh      No  4800   2900   1515
## 604           University of Alabama at Birmingham      No  1797   1260    938
## 605        University of Arkansas at Fayetteville      No  3235   3108   2133
## 606          University of California at Berkeley      No 19873   8252   3215
## 607            University of California at Irvine      No 15698  10775   2478
## 608                 University of Central Florida      No  6986   2959   1918
## 609                      University of Charleston     Yes   682    535    204
## 610                         University of Chicago     Yes  6348   2999    922
## 611                      University of Cincinnati      No  6855   5553   2408
## 612           University of Connecticut at Storrs      No  9735   7187   2064
## 613                          University of Dallas     Yes   681    588    246
## 614                          University of Dayton     Yes  6361   5293   1507
## 615                        University of Delaware     Yes 14446  10516   3252
## 616                          University of Denver     Yes  2974   2001    580
## 617                   University of Detroit Mercy     Yes   927    731    415
## 618                         University of Dubuque     Yes   576    558    137
## 619                      University of Evansville     Yes  2096   1626    694
## 620                         University of Florida      No 12445   8836   3623
## 621                         University of Georgia      No 11220   7871   3320
## 622                        University of Hartford     Yes  5081   4040   1194
## 623                 University of Hawaii at Manoa      No  3580   2603   1627
## 624               University of Illinois - Urbana      No 14939  11652   5705
## 625             University of Illinois at Chicago      No  8384   5727   2710
## 626                    University of Indianapolis     Yes  1487   1276    388
## 627                          University of Kansas      No  8579   5561   3681
## 628                        University of La Verne     Yes  1597    969    226
## 629                      University of Louisville      No  4777   3057   1823
## 630             University of Maine at Farmington      No  1208    803    438
## 631                University of Maine at Machias      No   441    369    172
## 632           University of Maine at Presque Isle      No   461    381    235
## 633    University of Maryland at Baltimore County      No  4269   2594    985
## 634        University of Maryland at College Park      No 14292  10315   3409
## 635        University of Massachusetts at Amherst      No 14438  12414   3816
## 636      University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth      No  3347   2597   1006
## 637                           University of Miami     Yes  7122   5386   1643
## 638           University of Michigan at Ann Arbor      No 19152  12940   4893
## 639             University of Minnesota at Duluth      No  4192   3126   1656
## 640             University of Minnesota at Morris      No  1458    874    588
## 641           University of Minnesota Twin Cities      No 11054   6397   3524
## 642                     University of Mississippi      No  3844   3383   1669
## 643            University of Missouri at Columbia      No  6574   4637   2940
## 644               University of Missouri at Rolla      No  1877   1826    823
## 645         University of Missouri at Saint Louis      No  1618   1141    479
## 646                          University of Mobile     Yes   452    331    269
## 647                      University of Montevallo      No  1351    892    570
## 648             University of Nebraska at Lincoln      No  6277   6003   3526
## 649                     University of New England     Yes  1209    750    265
## 650                   University of New Hampshire      No  9750   7640   2529
## 651     University of North Carolina at Asheville      No  1757    979    394
## 652   University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill      No 14596   5985   3331
## 653     University of North Carolina at Charlotte      No  5803   4441   1730
## 654    University of North Carolina at Greensboro      No  5191   4134   1500
## 655    University of North Carolina at Wilmington      No  6071   3856   1449
## 656                    University of North Dakota      No  2777   2249   1652
## 657                   University of North Florida      No  1800   1253    560
## 658                     University of North Texas      No  4418   2737   2049
## 659               University of Northern Colorado      No  5530   4007   1697
## 660                   University of Northern Iowa      No  4144   3379   1853
## 661                      University of Notre Dame     Yes  7700   3700   1906
## 662                        University of Oklahoma      No  4743   3970   2233
## 663                          University of Oregon      No  8631   6732   2546
## 664                    University of Pennsylvania     Yes 12394   5232   2464
## 665          University of Pittsburgh-Main Campus      No  8586   6383   2503
## 666                        University of Portland     Yes  1758   1485    419
## 667                     University of Puget Sound     Yes  4044   2826    688
## 668                    University of Rhode Island      No  9643   7751   1968
## 669                        University of Richmond     Yes  5892   2718    756
## 670                       University of Rochester     Yes  8766   5498   1243
## 671                       University of San Diego     Yes  3934   2735    886
## 672                   University of San Francisco     Yes  2306   1721    538
## 673       University of Sci. and Arts of Oklahoma      No   285    280    208
## 674                        University of Scranton     Yes  4471   2942    910
## 675         University of South Carolina at Aiken      No   848    560    377
## 676      University of South Carolina at Columbia      No  7693   5815   2328
## 677                   University of South Florida      No  7589   4676   1876
## 678             University of Southern California     Yes 12229   8498   2477
## 679               University of Southern Colorado      No  1401   1239    605
## 680                University of Southern Indiana      No  2379   2133   1292
## 681            University of Southern Mississippi      No  2850   2044   1046
## 682                   University of St. Thomas MN     Yes  2057   1807    828
## 683                   University of St. Thomas TX     Yes   374    280    185
## 684          University of Tennessee at Knoxville      No  7473   5372   3013
## 685              University of Texas at Arlington      No  3281   2559   1448
## 686                 University of Texas at Austin      No 14752   9572   5329
## 687            University of Texas at San Antonio      No  4217   3100   1686
## 688                        University of the Arts     Yes   974    704    290
## 689                     University of the Pacific     Yes  2459   1997    582
## 690                       University of the South     Yes  1445    966    326
## 691                           University of Tulsa     Yes  1712   1557    696
## 692                            University of Utah      No  5095   4491   2400
## 693                         University of Vermont      No  7663   6008   1735
## 694                        University of Virginia      No 15849   5384   2678
## 695                      University of Washington      No 12749   7025   3343
## 696                    University of West Florida      No  1558   1254    472
## 697                 University of Wisconsin-Stout      No  2593   1966   1030
## 698              University of Wisconsin-Superior      No   910    910    342
## 699            University of Wisconsin-Whitewater      No  4400   3719   1472
## 700          University of Wisconsin at Green Bay      No  2409   1939    759
## 701            University of Wisconsin at Madison      No 14901  10932   4631
## 702          University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee      No  5244   3782   1930
## 703                         University of Wyoming      No  2029   1516   1073
## 704                         Upper Iowa University     Yes   663    452    192
## 705                               Ursinus College     Yes  1399   1026    308
## 706                              Ursuline College     Yes   325    260     86
## 707                  Valley City State University      No   368    344    212
## 708                         Valparaiso University     Yes  2075   1727    520
## 709                         Vanderbilt University     Yes  7791   4690   1499
## 710                                Vassar College     Yes  3550   1877    653
## 711                          Villanova University     Yes  7759   5588   1477
## 712              Virginia Commonwealth University      No  4963   3497   1567
## 713                     Virginia State University      No  2996   2440    704
## 714                                 Virginia Tech      No 15712  11719   4277
## 715                     Virginia Union University     Yes  1847   1610    453
## 716                     Virginia Wesleyan College     Yes  1470    900    287
## 717                               Viterbo College     Yes   647    518    271
## 718                              Voorhees College     Yes  1465   1006    188
## 719                                Wabash College     Yes   800    623    256
## 720                                Wagner College     Yes  1416   1015    417
## 721                        Wake Forest University     Yes  5661   2392    903
## 722                              Walsh University     Yes  1092    890    477
## 723                         Warren Wilson College     Yes   440    311    112
## 724                              Wartburg College     Yes  1231   1074    345
## 725              Washington and Jefferson College     Yes  1305   1100    334
## 726                 Washington and Lee University     Yes  3315   1096    425
## 727                            Washington College     Yes  1209    942    214
## 728                   Washington State University      No  6540   5839   2440
## 729                         Washington University     Yes  7654   5259   1254
## 730                           Wayne State College      No  1373   1373    724
## 731                            Waynesburg College     Yes  1190    978    324
## 732                                Webber College     Yes   280    143     79
## 733                            Webster University     Yes   665    462    226
## 734                             Wellesley College     Yes  2895   1249    579
## 735                                 Wells College     Yes   318    240    130
## 736             Wentworth Institute of Technology     Yes  1480   1257    452
## 737                                Wesley College     Yes   980    807    350
## 738                           Wesleyan University     Yes  4772   1973    712
## 739              West Chester University of Penn.      No  6502   3539   1372
## 740                    West Liberty State College      No  1164   1062    478
## 741                West Virginia Wesleyan College     Yes  1566   1400    483
## 742                   Western Carolina University      No  3224   2519   1057
## 743                      Western Maryland College     Yes  1205    984    278
## 744                   Western Michigan University      No  9167   7191   2738
## 745                   Western New England College     Yes  1650   1471    409
## 746             Western State College of Colorado      No  2702   1623    604
## 747                 Western Washington University      No  5548   3563   1549
## 748                       Westfield State College      No  3100   2150    825
## 749                        Westminster College MO     Yes   662    553    184
## 750                           Westminster College     Yes   996    866    377
## 751         Westminster College of Salt Lake City     Yes   917    720    213
## 752                              Westmont College      No   950    713    351
## 753                            Wheaton College IL     Yes  1432    920    548
## 754                        Westminster College PA     Yes  1738   1373    417
## 755                       Wheeling Jesuit College     Yes   903    755    213
## 756                               Whitman College     Yes  1861    998    359
## 757                              Whittier College     Yes  1681   1069    344
## 758                             Whitworth College     Yes  1121    926    372
## 759                            Widener University     Yes  2139   1492    502
## 760                             Wilkes University     Yes  1631   1431    434
## 761                         Willamette University     Yes  1658   1327    395
## 762                        William Jewell College     Yes   663    547    315
## 763                      William Woods University     Yes   469    435    227
## 764                              Williams College     Yes  4186   1245    526
## 765                                Wilson College     Yes   167    130     46
## 766                               Wingate College     Yes  1239   1017    383
## 767                       Winona State University      No  3325   2047   1301
## 768                           Winthrop University      No  2320   1805    769
## 769                    Wisconsin Lutheran College     Yes   152    128     75
## 770                         Wittenberg University     Yes  1979   1739    575
## 771                               Wofford College     Yes  1501    935    273
## 772               Worcester Polytechnic Institute     Yes  2768   2314    682
## 773                       Worcester State College      No  2197   1515    543
## 774                             Xavier University     Yes  1959   1805    695
## 775                Xavier University of Louisiana     Yes  2097   1915    695
## 776                               Yale University     Yes 10705   2453   1317
## 777                  York College of Pennsylvania     Yes  2989   1855    691
##     Top10perc Top25perc F.Undergrad P.Undergrad Outstate Room.Board Books
## 1          23        52        2885         537     7440       3300   450
## 2          16        29        2683        1227    12280       6450   750
## 3          22        50        1036          99    11250       3750   400
## 4          60        89         510          63    12960       5450   450
## 5          16        44         249         869     7560       4120   800
## 6          38        62         678          41    13500       3335   500
## 7          17        45         416         230    13290       5720   500
## 8          37        68        1594          32    13868       4826   450
## 9          30        63         973         306    15595       4400   300
## 10         21        44         799          78    10468       3380   660
## 11         37        75        1830         110    16548       5406   500
## 12         44        77        1707          44    17080       4440   400
## 13         38        64        1130         638     9690       4785   600
## 14         44        73        1306          28    12572       4552   400
## 15         23        46        1317        1235     8352       3640   650
## 16          9        22        1018         287     8700       4780   450
## 17         83        96        1593           5    19760       5300   660
## 18         19        40        1819         281    10100       3520   550
## 19         14        23        1586         326     9996       3090   900
## 20         24        54        4190        1512     5130       3592   500
## 21         25        44         712          23    15476       3336   400
## 22         20        63        9940        1035     6806       2540    96
## 23         20        51        1251         767    11208       4124   350
## 24         24        49       22593        7585     7434       4850   700
## 25         46        74         530         182     8644       3922   500
## 26         12        52        3602         939     3460       2650   450
## 27         23        59        1708         689    12000       5920   500
## 28         25        57       16262        1716     6300       3933   600
## 29         12        30        2074         726    11902       4372   540
## 30         36        69        1950          38    13353       4173   540
## 31         21        58        1337         300    10990       3244   600
## 32         42        74        1120          15    11280       4342   400
## 33         16        40         777         538     9925       4135   750
## 34         21        47         958         466     8620       4100   400
## 35         30        61        2718        1460    10995       4410  1000
## 36         15        36         453         266     9690       4300   500
## 37         50        85        1004          15    19264       6206   750
## 38         53        95        2121          69    17926       8124   600
## 39         18        45        1811        3144    11290       5360   600
## 40         34        66        9919         484     6450       3920   600
## 41         23        56         878         519    12850       5400   400
## 42         39        63        1198         605     8840       2950   750
## 43         17        36         709         131     9000       4850   300
## 44         28        67        1964         623     7800       3664   650
## 45         26        54        1085          81    16304       3616   355
## 46         12        36        3796         824     4425       2700   660
## 47         14        24         702         501     9550       3850   350
## 48         25        53         457           2    21700       4100   600
## 49         20        60        3095        1533    13800       5510   630
## 50         37        68        1620          49     8050       3940   350
## 51         16        41         706          62     8740       3363   550
## 52         19        42         537         101     8540       3580   500
## 53         11        28         347          74     6200       2900   600
## 54         12        30        2128          82     5188       3396   650
## 55         67        88        1376         207    11660       4325   400
## 56         25        55         421          27     6500       2700   500
## 57         15        55        5847         946     7844       2948   500
## 58         15        30         653         129     7150       4350   450
## 59         20        50         760          81     9900       3990   400
## 60         45        80       14971        3113    18420       6810   475
## 61         76       100        1490           8    19030       5885  1495
## 62         14        45       13699        1213     7452       3352   600
## 63          5        36         453          42    14080       6270   500
## 64         30        58        4531         643    10870       4440  2000
## 65         48        77        2819          62    19380       6750   410
## 66         12        41         917         479     9592       5879   500
## 67         10        26        1320         822     4371       2370   500
## 68         16        44         738         430    10260       3597   600
## 69         22        53         881          55    10265       4725   560
## 70         48        82       27378        1253     2340       3580   860
## 71         87        95        5643         349    19528       5926   720
## 72         71        95        1088          16    18165       6750   500
## 73         49        85        3316          31    18550       4750   800
## 74         32        70        1928         442    13306       3797   450
## 75         40        68        2607         148    13130       4650   500
## 76          8        28        1035         446    10518       6250   300
## 77         17        42         693         868     8900       4600   425
## 78         23        52        1427         432    12950       5300   612
## 79         47        73       12911        1404     7380       4877   612
## 80          5        60       13494        1254     7706       4368   600
## 81         29        56        3401         136    10230       3710   400
## 82         20        54        3191        1204     7550       2790   600
## 83         25        55         935         184     6060       3070   600
## 84         16        34        2978         434    10750       5340   400
## 85         34        66        1662         960    13050       4000   500
## 86         10        52         282         331     8400       2812   300
## 87         75        93        1870          12    19292       3957   550
## 88         60        89        4265         291    17900       5690   450
## 89         19        55        1357         737    12200       3880   480
## 90         27        62        1776         239     8150       3150   400
## 91         20        43        1405         580    13125       3775   500
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## 479        11        31         743         118     8734       3362   600
## 480        10        20        2111        1489    12520       6050   500
## 481        31        55        1668        1052    16425       5220   955
## 482        28        53         624         269    10950       4600   550
## 483        21        70        5303        3942     4356       4830   800
## 484        36        79       21401        3712     7410       4748   690
## 485        27        79        2585        1300     7411       4748   690
## 486        26        62        4005        1886     7410       4748   690
## 487        19        51        1707        1889    11070       5780   400
## 488        12        48        1345         390    10450       4020   500
## 489        15        40        1873          94    12950       5400   450
## 490        10        34       11493        2206     4259       2625   350
## 491        13        36         513         247     8670       3820   450
## 492        21        45        1223         451    10880       5050   400
## 493        18        45        1691          72    12247       4081   500
## 494        24        42         815         222    11200       4250   600
## 495        12        33         716        2196     9985       5180   500
## 496        39        71        2473        1314    12750       6350   350
## 497        20        52         543         712    12200       4600   650
## 498        44        67        4576        1140    11690       4730   800
## 499        26        60        1433          27    12730       4514   500
## 500        14        35        1263         118    10800       3600   400
## 501        23        50         341         768    10300       4130   500
## 502        16        64        1715         106    13030       5860   500
## 503        38        73        2888         105    14350       3750   550
## 504        23        38        1921        1154     9408       5520   500
## 505        19        35        1035         182    10850       3936   500
## 506        15        65        1670         726    10860       4624   600
## 507        23        52         700          45    10575       3952   400
## 508        28        69         534         216    10475       6300   500
## 509        20        52        4296        1027     5130       4690   600
## 510        34        76        2959         402     8236       3700   569
## 511        20        70       16407        5550     8384       5110   612
## 512        40        73        3891         128    13584       5928   630
## 513        57        82        1000         105    19300       6694   600
## 514        20        65        1897         208     8325       5000  1200
## 515        19        51         521          99     8955       5900   500
## 516        60        83         569           7    17238       7350   600
## 517        42        82        1922         704    12669       4875   600
## 518        28        72        2993         347    12825       4375   500
## 519        16        36        4384        1530    12000       6484   650
## 520        24        56         752         210    11240       4180   350
## 521        14        53        5268         300     7844       3504   450
## 522        23        70        1115         111     7210       3600   500
## 523        24        68        2669         616    10800       5100   575
## 524        10        31         686         287     9240       3880   475
## 525        23        53        1144         160    16160       6950   500
## 526        27        57        1116         602    11250       4980   550
## 527        13        35         614         271     8990       3064   500
## 528        25        62        2322         263    18710       5970   500
## 529        51        88        2479          95    18820       6390   500
## 530        13        37        7000        1103     3811       2190   500
## 531        18        43        6553        1246     4680       3540   200
## 532        20        50        2962         651     3738       2619   450
## 533        18        38         784         127     9520       4124   630
## 534        13        40        6063        2550     5472       3598   221
## 535        41        69        4892         387    12772       5078   576
## 536        12        32        1770         967     7070       2500   400
## 537        15        37       13131        3374     4740       2590   500
## 538        13        33        2091         546     4285       2750   600
## 539        11        27         620         280     7536       3736   430
## 540        28        66         504         147     7200       3532   550
## 541        44        77        1177          43    11850       4675   600
## 542        10        45         589         263     8400       2800   600
## 543        47        83        1971         107     7000       5565   660
## 544        15        32        1501         353     8600       3550   385
## 545        13        45        1688         131    10456       4927   500
## 546        31        51         393           4    16150       5450   275
## 547        19        51        1687         677    10570       5600   400
## 548        31        56        1801          45    18720       5730   650
## 549         5        25         494         574    11550       4270   300
## 550        36        80        2615         248    13332       6354   630
## 551        42        73        1315         209     6800       4730   675
## 552        33        60        2149         418     8678       3858   700
## 553        30        56        1946          95    12140       4450   425
## 554         8        17         617          34     5000       3650   600
## 555        10        27        1117         815     8650       5700   500
## 556        17        34         614         388    13900       5200   450
## 557        37        69        1964          81    12315       4565   600
## 558        51        93        1263          11    16900       5680   450
## 559        23        65        4365         765     3040       4351   711
## 560        25        69        2022         926    12170       6172   480
## 561        16        61       10168        1231     6550       4355   700
## 562        60        94        8544         671     6550       4598   700
## 563        36       100       13963        3124     6550       4731   708
## 564        27        66        9744        1351     6550       4712   600
## 565         7        34        5758        1363     6550       4460   500
## 566        17        70        6943         869     6550       4810   500
## 567         8        29        7626        2091     6550       4040   550
## 568         6        40        5011         346     6550       4680   630
## 569        13        48        4123         298     6550       4420   620
## 570        56        93        5060         146     6550       4170   600
## 571        19        53        4658        1478     6550       4240   550
## 572         9        40        5004         475     6550       4176   600
## 573        16        51        3598         234     6840       4660   500
## 574         5        33        2478        1441     6550       4760  1125
## 575        27        59        1442         166    16130       4710   400
## 576        36        68         527          41    14500       6000   500
## 577        28        67       10142         117    15150       6870   635
## 578        19        41         396          38     7850       3410   400
## 579        30        60         908         119     5666       2964  1000
## 580        41        80        1757          81    10965       4000   450
## 581         7        29         402         237     7070       3640   400
## 582        49        85       31643        2798     5130       3412   600
## 583        22        47        1206         134     4860       3122   600
## 584        33        64        5064         660     8490       3320   650
## 585        27        57         895         429     7850       3410   490
## 586        15        85        5584        3101     7860       3360   600
## 587        19        44        1204         392     6400       3484   600
## 588        12        36        2024         292     7070       2439   400
## 589        15        31         791         140    11172       4958   700
## 590         5        21         662         351     7600       3800   600
## 591        57        81         867          51    10900       4450   500
## 592        55        94        5167         902     5391       5411   700
## 593        14        40         978          98     9456       4350   468
## 594        46        84        1737         244    18810       5690   500
## 595        19        49         309         639    11412       6430   500
## 596        16        41         484         541    11010       5208   550
## 597        62        93        2110          95    12240       5150   500
## 598        47        75        4941        1534    19040       5950   350
## 599        12        34         983          40     7700       3400   450
## 600        20        59        2825         144     6735       3395   600
## 601         9        45         634          78     7800       2950   500
## 602        49        84        1915         123    18732       6204   450
## 603        14        48        7764        1472     6874       2394   518
## 604        24        35        6960        4698     4440       5175   750
## 605        25        65        9978        1530     5028       3300   500
## 606        95       100       19532        2061    11648       6246   636
## 607        85       100       12677         864    12024       5302   790
## 608        25        60       12330        7152     6618       4234   700
## 609        22        43         771         611     9500       3540   400
## 610        68        94        3340          39    18930       6380   500
## 611        26        57       11036        2011     8907       4697   556
## 612        23        63       12478        1660    11656       5072   700
## 613        44        74        1058          73    10760       6230   500
## 614        26        51        5889         665    11380       4220   500
## 615        22        57       14130        4522    10220       4230   530
## 616        29        60        2666         554    15192       4695   400
## 617        24        50        2149        2217    11130       3996   600
## 618        11        39         662         131    10430       3620   400
## 619        35        67        2551         407    11800       4340   700
## 620        54        85       24470        3286     7090       4180   630
## 621        43        79       19553        2748     5697       3600   525
## 622        11        26        3768        1415    14220       6000   500
## 623        36        69       11028        2411     4460       3038   687
## 624        52        88       25422         911     7560       4574   500
## 625        22        50       13518        2916     7230       5088   630
## 626        26        51        1417        1646    11120       4080   525
## 627        25        50       17880        1673     6994       3384   700
## 628        16        38        1431        1522    13540       5050   630
## 629        16        33        9844        6198     6540       3600   530
## 630        20        48        1906         344     6810       3970   450
## 631        17        45         633         317     6600       3680   600
## 632        10        40         974         503     6600       3630   400
## 633        27        57        6476        2592     8594       4408   494
## 634        22        53       19340        3991     8723       5146   550
## 635        12        39       16282        1940     8566       3897   500
## 636        10        37        4664        1630     6919       4500   500
## 637        42        69        7760         876    16500       6526   630
## 638        66        92       22045        1339    15732       4659   476
## 639        15        45        5887        1254     8828       3474   753
## 640        56        86        1846         154     9843       3180   600
## 641        26        55       16502       21836     8949       3744   714
## 642        26        47        7524         804     4916       3810   600
## 643        32        62       14782        1583     9057       3485   600
## 644        49        77        3926         561     9057       3600   700
## 645        18        54        4793        4552     7246       3964   500
## 646        17        54        1417         301     6150       3680   550
## 647        18        78        2385         331     4440       3030   300
## 648        33        63       16454        3171     5595       3145   500
## 649        19        54         820         159    11450       5045   900
## 650        24        62       10358        1338    11180       3862   650
## 651        32        74        2033        1078     5972       3420   600
## 652        75        92       14609        1100     8400       4200   550
## 653        19        62       10099        3255     7248       3109   600
## 654        15        44        7532        1847     8677       3505   600
## 655        15        67        6635        1145     7558       3680   500
## 656        20        54        8334        1435     5634       2703   450
## 657        44        85        3876        3588     6634       4360   600
## 658        23        51       14047        5134     4104       3579   450
## 659        12        37        8463        1498     7731       4128   540
## 660        18        52       10135        1448     6197       2930   595
## 661        79        96        7671          30    16850       4400   600
## 662        32        63       13436        2582     5173       3526   765
## 663        25        61       11669        1605    10602       3660   570
## 664        85       100        9205         531    17020       7270   500
## 665        25        59       13138        4289    10786       4560   400
## 666        27        58        2041         174    12040       4100   600
## 667        51        83        2738         138    16230       4500   630
## 668        12        40        8894        2456    10330       5558   500
## 669        46        72        2854         594    14500       3285   700
## 670        56        75        5071         438    17840       6582   500
## 671        40        70        3698         217    13600       5940   630
## 672        23        48        4309         549    13226       6452   750
## 673        21        43        1140         473     3687       1920   600
## 674        29        60        3674         493    11584       5986   650
## 675        14        24        1855        1412     5800       3066   500
## 676        30        66       12594        3661     8074       3522   495
## 677        29        63       14770       10962     6760       3776   500
## 678        45        71       13259        1429    17230       6482   600
## 679        10        34        3716         675     7100       4380   540
## 680         8        25        4283        2973     4973       3192   500
## 681        20        50        9260        1387     4652       2470   500
## 682        26        53        4106         982    11712       4037   500
## 683        45        77         995         408     8550       4050   500
## 684        27        53       15749        3237     5764       3262   750
## 685        19        43       10975        8431     4422       2780   500
## 686        48        85       30017        5189     5130       3309   650
## 687        17        46        9375        5457     4104       5376   452
## 688         5        22        1145          39    12520       3860  1300
## 689        36        66        2664         299    16320       5326   646
## 690        46        83        1129          24    15350       4080   450
## 691        41        68        2936         433    11750       4160  1200
## 692        27        53       13894        8374     6857       3975   858
## 693        18        51        7353        1674    15516       4928   500
## 694        74        95       11278         114    12212       3792   500
## 695        40        81       20356        4582     8199       4218   708
## 696        20        57        3754        2477     6172       3994   541
## 697         9        32        6038         579     6704       2592   376
## 698        14        53        1434         417     7032       2780   550
## 699        12        38        7804        1552     6950       2500   300
## 700        17        50        3819        1347     6900       2800   475
## 701        36        80       23945        2200     9096       4290   535
## 702        12        37       11561        7443     8786       2964   570
## 703        23        46        7535        1488     5988       3422   600
## 704        10        35        1481        1160     8840       3060   500
## 705        44        77        1131          17    14900       5160   500
## 706        21        47         699         717     9600       4202   450
## 707         5        27         863         189     4286       2570   600
## 708        49        81        2501         198    11800       3260   500
## 709        71        92        5500          90    17865       6525   630
## 710        53        87        2164          77    18920       5950   600
## 711        30        68        6362        1292    15925       6507   400
## 712        18        45       10262        5065    10217       4182   500
## 713         2        30        3006         338     5587       4845   500
## 714        29        53       18511         604    10260       3176   740
## 715        19        59        1298          67     7384       3494   500
## 716        20        49        1130         417    10900       5100   500
## 717        17        43        1014         387     9140       3365   500
## 718        10        30         703          20     4450       2522   500
## 719        41        76         801           5    12925       4195   500
## 720        10        44        1324         117    13500       5800   585
## 721        75        88        3499         172    13850       4360   500
## 722        27        92         847         497     8670       4180   500
## 723        25        49         466           7    10000       3052   400
## 724        34        66        1295         105    11600       3610   400
## 725        42        64        1098         151    16260       4005   300
## 726        68        93        1584           3    13750       4619   680
## 727        31        60         822          46    15276       5318   500
## 728        31        70       14445        1344     8200       4210   800
## 729        62        93        4879        1274    18350       5775   768
## 730         6        21        2754         474     2700       2660   540
## 731        12        30        1280          61     8840       3620   500
## 732         5        27         327         110     5590       2900   650
## 733        17        44        1739        1550     9160       4340   500
## 734        80        96        2195         156    18345       5995   500
## 735        40        85         416          19    14900       5550   600
## 736         6        25        2961         572     9850       6050   850
## 737        10        25         872         448     9890       4674   500
## 738        60        86        2714          27    19130       5600  1400
## 739        11        51        7484        1904     7844       4108   400
## 740        12        25        2138         227     4470       2890   600
## 741        28        55        1509         170    14200       3775   450
## 742        11        31        5000         706     6390       2380   110
## 743        31        50        1071          98    14510       5340   500
## 744        24        53       15739        4278     6940       4100   500
## 745         7        21        1803        1116     8994       5500   498
## 746         7        24        2315         146     5918       3755   500
## 747        30        71        8909         506     8124       4144   639
## 748         3        20        3234         941     5542       3788   500
## 749        20        43         665          37    10720       4050   600
## 750        29        58        1411          72    12065       3615   430
## 751        21        60         979         743     8820       4050   600
## 752        42        72        1276           9    14320       5304   490
## 753        56        84        2200          56    11480       4200   530
## 754        21        55        1335          30    18460       5970   700
## 755        15        49         971         305    10500       4545   600
## 756        45        77        1220          46    16670       4900   750
## 757        35        63        1235          30    16249       5699   500
## 758        43        70        1270         160    12660       4500   678
## 759        24        64        2186        2171    12350       5370   500
## 760        15        36        1803         603    11150       5130   550
## 761        49        80        1595         159    14800       4620   400
## 762        32        67        1279          75    10060       2970   500
## 763        17        39         851         120    10535       4365   550
## 764        81        96        1988          29    19629       5790   500
## 765        16        50         199         676    11428       5084   450
## 766        10        34        1207         157     7820       3400   550
## 767        20        45        5800         872     4200       2700   300
## 768        24        61        3395         670     6400       3392   580
## 769        17        41         282          22     9100       3700   500
## 770        42        68        1980         144    15948       4404   400
## 771        51        83        1059          34    12680       4150   605
## 772        49        86        2802          86    15884       5370   530
## 773         4        26        3089        2029     6797       3900   500
## 774        24        47        2849        1107    11520       4960   600
## 775        34        61        2793         166     6900       4200   617
## 776        95        99        5217          83    19840       6510   630
## 777        28        63        2988        1726     4990       3560   500
##     Personal PhD Terminal S.F.Ratio perc.alumni Expend Grad.Rate
## 1       2200  70       78      18.1          12   7041        60
## 2       1500  29       30      12.2          16  10527        56
## 3       1165  53       66      12.9          30   8735        54
## 4        875  92       97       7.7          37  19016        59
## 5       1500  76       72      11.9           2  10922        15
## 6        675  67       73       9.4          11   9727        55
## 7       1500  90       93      11.5          26   8861        63
## 8        850  89      100      13.7          37  11487        73
## 9        500  79       84      11.3          23  11644        80
## 10      1800  40       41      11.5          15   8991        52
## 11       600  82       88      11.3          31  10932        73
## 12       600  73       91       9.9          41  11711        76
## 13      1000  60       84      13.3          21   7940        74
## 14       400  79       87      15.3          32   9305        68
## 15      2449  36       69      11.1          26   8127        55
## 16      1400  78       84      14.7          19   7355        69
## 17      1598  93       98       8.4          63  21424       100
## 18      1100  48       61      12.1          14   7994        59
## 19      1320  62       66      11.5          18  10908        46
## 20      2000  60       62      23.1           5   4010        34
## 21      1100  69       82      11.3          35  42926        48
## 22      2000  83       96      18.3          14   5854        70
## 23      1615  55       65      12.7          25   6584        65
## 24      2100  88       93      18.9           5   4602        48
## 25       800  79       88      12.6          24  14579        54
## 26      1000  57       60      19.6           5   4739        48
## 27       500  93       93      13.8          30   7100        88
## 28      1908  85       91      16.7          18   6642        69
## 29       950  65       65      12.8          31   7836        58
## 30       821  78       83      12.7          40   9220        71
## 31      1021  66       70      10.4          30   6871        69
## 32      1150  81       95      13.0          33  11361        71
## 33      1350  59       67      22.4          11   6523        48
## 34      2250  58       68      11.0          21   6136        65
## 35      1000  68       74      17.6          20   8086        85
## 36       500  57       77       9.7          35   9337        71
## 37       750  98       98      10.4          30  13894        79
## 38       850  83       93      10.3          33  12580        91
## 39      1800  76       78      12.6          11   9084        72
## 40      1346  71       76      18.5          38   7503        72
## 41       800  78       89      12.2          30   8954        73
## 42      1290  74       82      13.1          31   6668        84
## 43      2480  78       85      13.2          10   7550        52
## 44       900  61       61      11.1          19   7614        49
## 45       715  87       95      11.1          26  12957        69
## 46      1800  57       62      19.6          16   3752        46
## 47       250  64       84      14.1          18   5922        58
## 48       500  35       59      10.1          33  16364        55
## 49       850  87       87      17.5          20  10941        82
## 50      2375  80       80      16.3          17  10511        63
## 51      1700  62       68      11.6          29   7718        48
## 52      1400  61       80       8.8          32   8324        56
## 53       800  63       63      11.7          13   7623        35
## 54      2500  48       48      13.8           9   6817        58
## 55       900  74       79      14.0          34   8649        72
## 56      1000  76       76      14.3          53   8377        51
## 57      1680  66       68      18.0          19   7041        75
## 58      1500  61       67      17.8           3   6259        53
## 59       900  76       71      13.3          19   9073        58
## 60      1025  80       81      11.9          16  16836        72
## 61       875  93       96      11.2          52  20447        96
## 62      1700  81       89      21.1          14   6918        67
## 63       900  57       80      10.2          21  15387        46
## 64      1522  75       81      14.4          21   7671        85
## 65      1000  90       97       9.8          24  17150        84
## 66       700  71       80      13.7          12   5935        49
## 67      2000  62       62      12.6          10   4900        18
## 68      1500  39       66      13.1          26   8355        58
## 69       875  68       73      13.2          24   8655        82
## 70      1220  76       76      20.5          40   7916        33
## 71      1100  99      100       7.6          39  20440        97
## 72      1200 100      100      12.3          49  17449        89
## 73      1200  95       97      14.2          36  13675        93
## 74       950  62       69       8.8          10   6333        78
## 75      1600  77       81      10.9          29   9511        83
## 76       300  59       76      16.5          36   7117        71
## 77      1000  87       96      13.9          25   7922        55
## 78       576  72       74      12.4          17   8985        60
## 79      2091  72       81      19.8          13   8453        59
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## 458     1582  55       93      19.4           1   5967        35
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## 460     1575  91       96       8.4          54  28320        99
## 461     1100  66       74      18.4          35   8135        96
## 462     1060  86       86      18.2          15   8604        67
## 463     1900  73       75      14.0          36   9315        58
## 464     1080  69       71      16.3          32   6880        80
## 465      500  63       73      12.0          33   8847        86
## 466      900  73       83      19.6           9   4519        62
## 467     1655  74       95      17.8           8   7333        47
## 468      900  77       80      10.7          38  11080        74
## 469      920  88       97       9.2          24  16358        68
## 470      450  90       90      11.8          37  15886        68
## 471      700  81       85      10.3          37  11758        84
## 472     1100  94       98      15.4          21  15605        70
## 473     1500  90       96      10.8          47  13388        77
## 474     3100  84       92      12.3          23  11299        70
## 475      650  87       90       9.4          49  12472        64
## 476     1100  59       59      12.2          19   6744        81
## 477     1200  85       89      13.0          26   9405        72
## 478     1500  60       79      10.7          21   7519        79
## 479      625  56       78      11.3          27   6422        68
## 480      730  44       54      16.4           8   7957        61
## 481      750  81       85      13.3          23  11561        90
## 482      950  79       82      12.9          30   9264        81
## 483      800  76       81      22.1           6   7252        51
## 484     2009  90       95      19.5          19  10474        77
## 485     2009  90       95      18.6          12  10134        57
## 486     2009  90       95      17.4          16  11878        58
## 487      600  71       73      14.8          16   7120        82
## 488     1500  56       56      14.1          16   7444        70
## 489     1120  70       82      14.5          29   6719        97
## 490     1884  70       75      18.9          10   4629        58
## 491     1000  43       78      12.5           4   7440        48
## 492     1235  64       64      19.3          24   7344        69
## 493      600  76       85      12.0          38   9853        70
## 494      950  55       60      14.8          19   7360        67
## 495      800  53       89      27.2           8   4322        85
## 496     1690  84       90      17.4          13   8243        83
## 497      950  87       90      11.2          32   8680        76
## 498     6800  84       94       4.6          19  18367        67
## 499     1525  74       95       9.9          31  11165        98
## 500      820  68       74      18.8          19   5081        78
## 501     1700  44       58      10.2          37   9678        75
## 502      750  79       88      14.5          34  10190        84
## 503      550  82       88      10.0          31  12502        83
## 504      450  78       78      12.1          22   7669        53
## 505      900  62       64      12.3          31   8534        88
## 506      794  87      100      13.7          15   8953        55
## 507      620  46       24      13.0           9   8946        98
## 508     2000  68       68      11.2          46   9599        60
## 509     1450  73       75      17.9          18   5125        56
## 510     1650  74       75      14.7          17   9533        61
## 511     2400  87       93      19.5           7   7930        41
## 512     1278  88       92      13.9          19  10872       100
## 513      700  89       93       6.1          18  14779        83
## 514     1600  14       98      16.1          26   6874        55
## 515     1488  51       56      11.8          23   8545        52
## 516      800  95      100       8.2          41  18372        73
## 517     1250  83       85      16.8          20  10368        66
## 518     1500  85       85      12.2          16  10175        89
## 519     1000  81       84      14.4          15  10080        64
## 520     2000  71       71      11.2          37  10065        71
## 521     1700  80       83      18.8          13   6719        72
## 522     2000  62       65      13.2          18   7356        58
## 523     1090  71       82      14.1          42   8189       100
## 524     1090  29       49       7.2          17   9431        47
## 525     1200  74       81       8.9          33  14086        79
## 526     1400  66       73      15.8          36   7411        70
## 527     1700  73       73      14.8           7   7881        48
## 528      700  87       92      12.7          29  14837        81
## 529     1050  85       97      10.3          44  21199        90
## 530     1970  62       65      15.0          29   5084        67
## 531     2150  75       76      17.1           8   5916        45
## 532     1022  55       59      19.6           9   4444        53
## 533     1818  63       65      18.6          11   8219        43
## 534     2216  76       81      16.5           8   7498        43
## 535     1802  74       88      13.5          17  12726        72
## 536     1000  52       54      15.9          13   4718        71
## 537     1360  70       75      19.9          11   4632        56
## 538     1800  58       75      16.5          31   6591        51
## 539     1651  44       77      13.0          12   5309        36
## 540     1500  56       56      11.8          12   7818        52
## 541     1050  83       89      11.3          35  12995        67
## 542      900  50       56      10.6          40   6860        89
## 543     2400  73       80      12.5          18   9988        65
## 544      665  48       48      15.4           9  10938        49
## 545     1050  91       91      17.7          32   9828        78
## 546      800  63       72       7.2          26  15622        64
## 547      800  86       81      14.5          29   7908        66
## 548      825  90       94      11.5          38  14980        85
## 549      500  43       77      14.5           8   9209        40
## 550     1584  88       89      16.1          17   9619        78
## 551     1250  84       89      11.6          23  10357        63
## 552     1736  82       83      16.2           7   7651        72
## 553     1100  74       78      15.1          36   8595        88
## 554      600  45       45      14.0           8   8426        45
## 555     1750  69       73      16.1          13   6534        67
## 556     2150  46       63      10.9          17   9995        59
## 557     1365  85       90      12.5          24  10307        73
## 558      750  89       89      19.0          33  12837        79
## 559     1125  78       92      19.5           7   5599        64
## 560      800  79       79      13.0          30   7495        97
## 561     1560  93       96      17.4          16   9075        74
## 562     1000  83      100      18.0          15   8055        80
## 563      957  90       97      13.6          15  11177        56
## 564     1200  91       96      10.5           7  13705        57
## 565      705  79       83      19.0          14   6632        49
## 566     1500  69       85      22.0          21   5280        63
## 567     1230  71       78      18.7          12   7511        42
## 568     1274  82       85      17.8          17   5563        53
## 569     1481  82       90      16.3          10   6442        66
## 570      650  79       84      19.1          25   5716        76
## 571     1500  85       93      15.3           8   6608        53
## 572     1380  80       90      17.9          16   6174        65
## 573     1000  71       75      15.1          17   6436        59
## 574     1362  80      100      14.9           8   8170        46
## 575      800  83       86      13.9          37  10554        90
## 576      600  91       99       6.5          48  18953        61
## 577      960  73       84      11.3          13  14231        67
## 578     1500  55       70      10.0          15   7233        53
## 579     1400  56       58      15.5           7   5970        46
## 580     1250  60       61      14.2          32   8294        98
## 581     3158  59       65       8.9          16   6286        36
## 582     2144  89       91      23.1          29   8471        69
## 583      650 103       88      17.4          16   6415        43
## 584     2400  81       93      14.8          23   9158        64
## 585     1700  54       58      13.8          24   7002        50
## 586     1700  65       75      18.2          21   3605        10
## 587     1800  80       83      14.5          10   7936        43
## 588      779  95       94      17.1          17   7744        84
## 589     1350  68       76      11.6          16   9186        60
## 590     1200  59       74      19.0          40   5096        39
## 591     1000  81       91      12.1          41  10219        70
## 592     1000  81       87      14.4           6   8504        81
## 593     1323  53       53      12.8          24   7603        65
## 594      680  91       96      10.4          48  18034        91
## 595      900  89       93       8.3          37  11806        96
## 596      500  58       78      10.4          26   9586        78
## 597      490  94       96       9.6          20  14703        93
## 598      800  98       98       9.1          21  16920        74
## 599      800  70       70      21.9          28   4933        52
## 600     1425  70       74      12.2           7  10872        65
## 601      600  60       88      14.1           9   6864        64
## 602     1024  94       96      11.5          49  15411        88
## 603     1890  73       78      19.2          14   5901        56
## 604     2200  96       96       6.7          16  16352        33
## 605     2000  73       89      14.8          10   6820        39
## 606     1933  93       97      15.8          10  13919        78
## 607     1818  96       96      16.1          11  15934        66
## 608     1600  80       98      22.2           9   6742        46
## 609      750  26       58       2.5          10   7683        57
## 610     1254  99       99       5.3          36  36854        90
## 611     1851  89       95      10.8           6  13889        54
## 612     2300  89       95      16.0          16  10178        71
## 613     1200  85       93      13.4          26   8731        63
## 614      900  81       85      14.8          25   8894        93
## 615     1300  82       87      18.3          15  10650        75
## 616     1350  84       91      15.9          21  11762        67
## 617     2166  72       79      13.5          14  10891        51
## 618     1500  85       98      16.5          18   8767        45
## 619      960  60       81      15.8          26   7780        77
## 620     1530  88       97      13.4          20  14737        66
## 621     1755  88       95      14.7          22   7881        63
## 622     1440  61       76      10.7           9  10625        66
## 623     1281  85       87      11.8           6  12833        54
## 624     1982  87       90      17.4          13   8559        81
## 625     3228  82       84      10.0           6  13883        34
## 626     1405  55       56      11.1          23   6735        69
## 627     2681  88       94      13.7          17   9657        57
## 628     2298  66       68      14.1          23  10139        47
## 629     2440  84       92      11.1          24  10207        31
## 630     1647  67       75      15.9          26   5712        59
## 631      400  46       46      15.1           4   5935        64
## 632     1675  67       67      15.2          11   6408        35
## 633     2768  82       88      18.4           6   7618        55
## 634     1550  89       92      18.1          12   9021        63
## 635     1400  88       92      16.7          15  10276        68
## 636     1250  74       90      15.0          20   7462        56
## 637     1985  82       94       5.9          17  17500        59
## 638     1600  90       98      11.5          26  14847        87
## 639     2610  79       91      19.0          11   6393        53
## 640     1500  74       78      14.6          16   6716        51
## 641     2910  88       90      12.2          37  16122        45
## 642      550  81       86      20.3          14   6971        53
## 643     1983  87       87      12.7          15  10145        58
## 644     1435  88       88      14.4          23   9699        49
## 645     4288  71       73      13.4          15   6433        48
## 646     1200  59       63      16.6           4   5412        52
## 647      600  72       72      18.9           8   5883        51
## 648     2070  86       92      15.1          48   6813        53
## 649     2500  72       75      11.4          13   9718        64
## 650     2450  89       87      17.5          16   7855        75
## 651      750  77       83      13.0          11   7011        37
## 652     1200  88       93       8.9          23  15893        83
## 653     1900  79       91      16.8           7   6227        62
## 654     1300  75       94      15.5          17   7392        53
## 655     1500  82       85      19.1          15   6005        55
## 656     1200  97       97      15.9          16   9424        49
## 657     2604  82       85      17.8          14   6104        47
## 658     1700  86       94      22.6           6   5657        35
## 659     2286  75       75      21.5           8   6309        40
## 660     2380  78       82      16.3          26   6333        77
## 661     1350  96       92      13.1          46  13936        97
## 662     3176  86       90      11.5          11  10244        44
## 663     1530  79       87      19.7          13   8020        54
## 664     1544  95       96       6.3          38  25765        93
## 665      900  93       93       7.8          10  13789        66
## 666     1100  92       96      13.2          17   9060        72
## 667     1800  79       86      15.0          17  11217        63
## 668     1250  84       89      16.6           7   9158        63
## 669     1125  75       89      11.7          32  11984       100
## 670      882  93       99       5.9          23  26037        80
## 671     1820  93       96      15.6          13  10813        66
## 672     2450  86       86      13.6           8  10074        62
## 673     1800  67       77      23.6           3   3864        43
## 674      800  83       83      14.1          41   9131        92
## 675     1500  62       62      14.8           3   5035        48
## 676     2941  84       88      16.9          18   8246        63
## 677     2180  84       89      17.0           7  11020        47
## 678     2210  90       94      11.4          10  17007        68
## 679     2948  63       88      19.4           0   5389        36
## 680     1425  56       65      22.0          21   4078        38
## 681      500  78       99      18.7          23   5917        45
## 682      800  80       80      13.8          13   8546        89
## 683     1344  75       75      12.6          17   7237        62
## 684     3300  86       92      16.5          22   8612        53
## 685     2850  73       73      21.0           4   4696        29
## 686     3140  91       99      19.7          11   7837        65
## 687     1200  94      100      25.3           3   4329        50
## 688      700  16       59       7.5           9  11641        57
## 689     1171  87       94      11.2          14  13706        65
## 690      810  89       93      10.3          52  18784        82
## 691     2350  94       96      11.5          10  11743        47
## 692     3093  89       93      12.8           9   9275        37
## 693      990  87       90       9.9          10  12646        79
## 694     1000  90       92       9.5          22  13597        95
## 695     2172  96       94       9.0          10  16527        65
## 696     1387  83       87      23.4          12   8488        53
## 697     1750  78       78      21.0          17   6254        65
## 698     1960  75       81      15.2          15   6490        36
## 699     1200  90       95      23.1          16   5559        67
## 700     1200  81       89      22.2           1   5968        46
## 701     1545  93       96      11.5          20  11006        72
## 702     1980  79       87      15.9           8   8094        38
## 703     1500  91       94      15.1          13   8745        45
## 704     1000  69       75      17.4          19   3733        78
## 705      800  82       85      11.6          40  12082        79
## 706      750  39       69      10.5          15   7164        68
## 707     2000  39       41      14.9          25   4958        40
## 708      800  87       89      14.2          23   9681        95
## 709      952  93       98       5.8          26  23850        83
## 710      800  90       98       9.7          39  17089        90
## 711      300  89       90      13.4          24  10458        96
## 712     3630  81       87       8.7          11  11183        45
## 713      600  61       63      16.0          11   5733        31
## 714     2200  85       89      13.8          20   8944        73
## 715     1763  51       67      13.7           8   6757        30
## 716      550  70       81      15.7          14   7804        68
## 717     2245  51       65      10.7          31   8050        73
## 718     1200  43       43      22.9           3   5861        58
## 719      635  78       85       9.9          55  14904        72
## 720     1700  67       78      13.2          23   9006        75
## 721     1250  95       97       4.3          37  41766        89
## 722     1450  42       58      11.3          33   5738        68
## 723     1100  65       75      11.4          20   9430        63
## 724      850  66       91      12.4          37   7735        67
## 725      500  91       91      12.1          40  10162        86
## 726     1115  81       96       9.6          45  15736        90
## 727      300  79       86      11.2          37  10830        65
## 728     2719  84       87      16.9          30  10912        56
## 729     1512  91       98       3.9          31  45702        90
## 730     1660  60       68      20.3          29   4550        52
## 731     1200  57       58      16.2          26   6563        63
## 732     1952  53       63      15.1           4   4839        90
## 733      500  68       68      20.6          14   6951        48
## 734      700  94       98      10.6          51  21409        91
## 735      500  93       98       8.3          42  13935        69
## 736      920  10       68      15.4           8  17858        64
## 737     1350  52       57      14.4          15   6243        84
## 738     1400  90       94      12.1          39  16262        92
## 739     2000  76       79      15.3          16   6773        52
## 740     1210  33       33      16.3          10   4249        60
## 741     1100  58       81      16.4          42   8080        67
## 742     1622  67       78      14.6           9   6554        55
## 743     1400  84       91      12.5          39  10026        60
## 744     1700  80       84      24.7          11   5983        55
## 745     2065  74       97      15.4          15   8409        59
## 746     2050  76       79      19.4           4   4599        52
## 747     2385  83       89      22.7          10   7203        61
## 748     1300  75       79      15.7          20   4222        65
## 749     1650  66       70      12.5          20   7925        62
## 750      685  62       78      12.5          41   8596        80
## 751     2025  68       83      10.5          34   7170        50
## 752     1410  77       77      14.9          17   8837        87
## 753     1400  81       83      12.7          40  11916        85
## 754      850  92       96      13.2          41  22704        71
## 755      600  66       71      14.1          27   7494        72
## 756      800  80       83      10.5          51  13198        72
## 757     1998  84       92      13.6          29  11778        52
## 758     2424  80       80      16.9          20   8328        80
## 759     1350  88       86      12.6          19   9603        63
## 760     1260  78       92      13.3          24   8543        67
## 761      790  91       94      13.3          37  10779        68
## 762     2600  74       80      11.2          19   7885        59
## 763     3700  39       66      12.9          16   7438        52
## 764     1200  94       99       9.0          64  22014        99
## 765      475  67       76       8.3          43  10291        67
## 766     1550  69       81      13.9           8   7264        91
## 767     1200  53       60      20.2          18   5318        58
## 768     2150  71       80      12.8          26   6729        59
## 769     1400  48       48       8.5          26   8960        50
## 770      800  82       95      12.8          29  10414        78
## 771     1440  91       92      15.3          42   7875        75
## 772      730  92       94      15.2          34  10774        82
## 773     1200  60       60      21.0          14   4469        40
## 774     1250  73       75      13.3          31   9189        83
## 775      781  67       75      14.4          20   8323        49
## 776     2115  96       96       5.8          49  40386        99
## 777     1250  75       75      18.1          28   4509        99

B

#rownames(college) <- college[,1]
#View(college)

C

#a. Use the summary() function to produce a numerical summary of the variables in the data set.

summary(college)
##                             X       Private        Apps           Accept     
##  Abilene Christian University:  1   No :212   Min.   :   81   Min.   :   72  
##  Adelphi University          :  1   Yes:565   1st Qu.:  776   1st Qu.:  604  
##  Adrian College              :  1             Median : 1558   Median : 1110  
##  Agnes Scott College         :  1             Mean   : 3002   Mean   : 2019  
##  Alaska Pacific University   :  1             3rd Qu.: 3624   3rd Qu.: 2424  
##  Albertson College           :  1             Max.   :48094   Max.   :26330  
##  (Other)                     :771                                            
##      Enroll       Top10perc       Top25perc      F.Undergrad   
##  Min.   :  35   Min.   : 1.00   Min.   :  9.0   Min.   :  139  
##  1st Qu.: 242   1st Qu.:15.00   1st Qu.: 41.0   1st Qu.:  992  
##  Median : 434   Median :23.00   Median : 54.0   Median : 1707  
##  Mean   : 780   Mean   :27.56   Mean   : 55.8   Mean   : 3700  
##  3rd Qu.: 902   3rd Qu.:35.00   3rd Qu.: 69.0   3rd Qu.: 4005  
##  Max.   :6392   Max.   :96.00   Max.   :100.0   Max.   :31643  
##                                                                
##   P.Undergrad         Outstate       Room.Board       Books       
##  Min.   :    1.0   Min.   : 2340   Min.   :1780   Min.   :  96.0  
##  1st Qu.:   95.0   1st Qu.: 7320   1st Qu.:3597   1st Qu.: 470.0  
##  Median :  353.0   Median : 9990   Median :4200   Median : 500.0  
##  Mean   :  855.3   Mean   :10441   Mean   :4358   Mean   : 549.4  
##  3rd Qu.:  967.0   3rd Qu.:12925   3rd Qu.:5050   3rd Qu.: 600.0  
##  Max.   :21836.0   Max.   :21700   Max.   :8124   Max.   :2340.0  
##                                                                   
##     Personal         PhD            Terminal       S.F.Ratio    
##  Min.   : 250   Min.   :  8.00   Min.   : 24.0   Min.   : 2.50  
##  1st Qu.: 850   1st Qu.: 62.00   1st Qu.: 71.0   1st Qu.:11.50  
##  Median :1200   Median : 75.00   Median : 82.0   Median :13.60  
##  Mean   :1341   Mean   : 72.66   Mean   : 79.7   Mean   :14.09  
##  3rd Qu.:1700   3rd Qu.: 85.00   3rd Qu.: 92.0   3rd Qu.:16.50  
##  Max.   :6800   Max.   :103.00   Max.   :100.0   Max.   :39.80  
##                                                                 
##   perc.alumni        Expend        Grad.Rate     
##  Min.   : 0.00   Min.   : 3186   Min.   : 10.00  
##  1st Qu.:13.00   1st Qu.: 6751   1st Qu.: 53.00  
##  Median :21.00   Median : 8377   Median : 65.00  
##  Mean   :22.74   Mean   : 9660   Mean   : 65.46  
##  3rd Qu.:31.00   3rd Qu.:10830   3rd Qu.: 78.00  
##  Max.   :64.00   Max.   :56233   Max.   :118.00  
## 

#b. Use the pairs() function to produce a scatterplot matrix of the first ten columns or variables in the data. Recall that you can reference the first ten columns of a matrix A using A[,1:10] .

pairs(college[,1:10])

#c. Use the plot() or ggplot() function to produce side-by-side boxplots of Outstate vs Private .

plot(college$Outstate, college$Private)

geom_boxplot()
## geom_boxplot: outlier.colour = NULL, outlier.fill = NULL, outlier.shape = 19, outlier.size = 1.5, outlier.stroke = 0.5, outlier.alpha = NULL, notch = FALSE, notchwidth = 0.5, varwidth = FALSE, na.rm = FALSE
## stat_boxplot: na.rm = FALSE
## position_dodge2

#d. Create a new qualitative variable, called Elite , by binning the Top10perc variable. We are going to divide universities into two groups based on whether or not the proportion of students coming from the top 10% of their high school class exceed 50%.

Elite <- rep("No", nrow(college)) 
Elite[college$Top10perc > 50] = "Yes" 
Elite <- as.factor(Elite)
Elite 
##   [1] No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No 
##  [19] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
##  [37] No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
##  [55] Yes No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes Yes
##  [73] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes Yes No  No 
##  [91] No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No 
## [109] No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No 
## [127] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes Yes No  Yes No  No  No 
## [145] Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes Yes No  No 
## [163] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  Yes No  No  No  No  No 
## [181] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [199] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes Yes No  No 
## [217] No  No  No  No  No  Yes Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [235] No  No  No  Yes Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes Yes
## [253] No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [271] Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No 
## [289] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [307] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [325] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [343] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No 
## [361] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [379] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [397] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  Yes No  No  No  No 
## [415] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  Yes Yes No 
## [433] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No 
## [451] No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [469] No  No  No  Yes Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [487] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [505] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [523] No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [541] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes
## [559] No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [577] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes Yes No  No 
## [595] No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes Yes No  No  Yes No  No 
## [613] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [631] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [649] No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  Yes No  No 
## [667] Yes No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [685] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [703] No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No 
## [721] Yes No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  Yes
## [739] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No 
## [757] No  No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No  No  No  No  Yes No  No  No 
## [775] No  Yes No 
## Levels: No Yes
college <- data.frame(college, Elite)

summary(Elite)
##  No Yes 
## 699  78
ggplot(college, aes(x=Outstate, y=Elite))+
  geom_boxplot()