Average annual hours worked by persons engaged, 2017

Daily Graph Series

Economist-Style Plot using R

R Codes for Data Cleaning and Visualization

Above Economist-Style Plot can be created by using R as follows:

# Load some packages: 
library(tidyverse)
library(pwt9)
library(ggthemes)

# Load Penn World Table Data: 
data("pwt9.0")

# Prepare data for ploting: 

some_countries <- c("France", "Vietnam", "Japan", "Singapore", "United States", "South Korea")

pwt9.1 %>% 
  mutate(country = as.character(country)) %>% 
  mutate(country = case_when(country == "United States of America" ~ "United States", 
                             country == "Republic of Korea" ~ "South Korea", 
                             country == "Viet Nam" ~ "Vietnam", 
                             TRUE ~ country)) %>% 
  select(year, country, avh) %>% 
  na.omit() %>% 
  filter(year >= 1986) %>% 
  filter(country %in% some_countries) -> df_plot


# Make a draft graph: 

my_colors <-  c("#04536e", "#7c2817", "#f15c42", "#3d6a51", "#eca324", "#12a4dc")
my_font <- "Ubuntu Condensed"
label_y <- c(1986, rep("", 3), 1990, rep("", 3), 1994, rep("", 3), 1998, rep("", 3), 
             2002, rep("", 3), 2006, rep("", 3), 2010, rep("", 3), 2014, rep("", 2), 2017)


df_plot %>% 
  filter(year == 1988) %>% 
  filter(!country %in% c("Vietnam", "Singapore")) -> df_text1

df_plot %>% 
  filter(year == 1988) %>% 
  filter(country %in% c("Singapore")) -> df_sin 

df_plot %>% 
  filter(year == 1988) %>% 
  filter(country %in% c("Vietnam")) -> df_vie

df_plot %>% 
  ggplot(aes(year, avh, group = country, color = country)) + 
  geom_line(size = 1.5, show.legend = FALSE) + 
  theme_economist(base_family = my_font) + 
  scale_color_manual(values = my_colors) + 
  scale_x_continuous(limits = c(1986, 2017), breaks = seq(1986, 2017, 1), 
                     labels = label_y, expand = c(0, 0)) + 
  scale_y_continuous(limits = c(1450, 3000)) + 
  theme(panel.grid.minor = element_blank()) + 
  geom_text(data = df_text1, aes(year, avh + 50, label = country), size = 4.5, 
            hjust = 0, family = my_font, show.legend = FALSE) + 
  geom_text(data = df_sin, aes(year, avh + 110, label = country), size = 4.5, 
            hjust = 0, family = my_font, show.legend = FALSE) + 
  geom_text(data = df_vie, aes(year, avh - 40, label = country), size = 4.5, 
            hjust = 0, family = my_font, show.legend = FALSE) + 
  theme(plot.title = element_text(size = 22, color = "grey10")) + 
  theme(plot.subtitle = element_text(size = 14, color = "grey20")) + 
  theme(plot.caption = element_text(size = 12, color = "grey30", vjust = -3)) + 
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(0.7, 1, 1, 1), "cm")) + 
  theme(axis.title = element_blank()) + 
  theme(axis.text = element_text(size = 13, color = "grey20")) + 
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(size = 13, color = "grey20", vjust = 4)) + 
  theme(axis.ticks.length.x = unit(2, "mm")) + 
  labs(title = "Average annual hours worked by persons engaged", 
       subtitle = "Average annual hours worked is defined as the total number of hours actually worked\nper year divided by the average number of people in employment per year.", 
       caption = "Source: The Penn World Table (PWT)")


library(grid)
grid.rect(x = 0.015, y = 0.93, hjust = 1, vjust = 0, gp = gpar(fill = "#e5001c", lwd = 0))  
grid.rect(x = 1, y = 1 - 0.005, hjust = 1, vjust = 0,  gp = gpar(fill = "#e5001c", lwd = 0))