Global terrorism, 2000 - 2014 (Version 2)

Daily Graph Series

ABCNews-Style Plot using R

Origin of the plot can be found here. This plot can be replicated by using R as follows:

R Codes for Data Cleaning and Visualization

Data can be downloaded here.

# https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-11-17/global-terrorism-index-increase/6947200

my_colors <- c("#770A1F", "#EC1D27", "#F56F52", "#F9B297")
my_colors <- my_colors[4:1]

bgrColor <- c("#EBE9EA")
my_font <- "Ubuntu Condensed"

# Load data: 
library(tidyverse)
dfRaw <- read_csv("/home/khanhan/Downloads/globalterrorismdb_0718dist.csv")


# Select some columns and create a new column: 

dfRaw %>%  
  select(iyear, country_txt, nkill, nkillter) %>% 
  filter(iyear %in% c(2000:2014)) %>% 
  mutate(nkill = replace_na(nkill, 0)) %>% 
  mutate(nkillter = replace_na(nkillter, 0)) %>% 
  mutate(totalDeath = nkill + nkillter) %>% 
  mutate(region = case_when(country_txt %in% c("Syria", "Afghanistan", "Pakistan") ~ "Afghanistan, Pakistan & Syria", 
                            country_txt == "Iraq" ~ "Iraq",
                            country_txt == "Nigeria" ~ "Nigeria",
                            TRUE ~ "Others")) %>% 
  group_by(iyear, region) %>% 
  summarise(deaths = sum(totalDeath)) %>%  
  ungroup() -> dfPlot

# Total deaths by countries after removing Iraq, Nigeria, Afghanistan, Pakistan & Syria: 

dfPlot %>% 
  filter(!region %in% c("Iraq", "Nigeria", "Afghanistan, Pakistan & Syria")) %>% 
  group_by(iyear) %>% 
  summarise(deaths = sum(deaths)) %>% 
  mutate(region = "Rest of the World") %>% 
  ungroup() -> totalDeaths

# Remaining group (Iraq, Nigeria, Afghanistan, Pakistan & Syria):

dfPlot %>% 
  filter(region %in% c("Iraq", "Nigeria", "Afghanistan, Pakistan & Syria")) %>% 
  group_by(iyear, region) %>% 
  summarise(deaths = sum(deaths)) %>% 
  ungroup() -> top3Groups

# Combine the two data sets: 
dfForPLot <- bind_rows(totalDeaths, top3Groups)

# Set level: 
my_levels <- c("Rest of the World", "Afghanistan, Pakistan & Syria", "Nigeria", "Iraq")

# Convert region to factor with levels selected: 

dfForPLot %>% 
  mutate(region = factor(region, levels = my_levels)) -> dfForPLot


# Create data frame for presenting leged text: 

df_legend <- tibble(iyear = 2000.5, deaths = seq(40000, 50000, length.out = 6)) %>% 
  slice(2:5) %>% 
  mutate(countryLabel = my_levels[4:1], colorLabel = my_colors) %>% 
  mutate(region = countryLabel)

df_legend %>% 
  mutate(iyear = 2000 + 0.3) -> df_point



# Make a draft: 

library(scales)

ggplot() + 
  geom_area(data = dfForPLot, aes(iyear, deaths, fill = region), show.legend = FALSE) + 
  geom_text(data = df_legend, aes(x = iyear, y = deaths, label = countryLabel), 
            show.legend = FALSE, color = my_colors[4:1], size = 5, hjust = 0, family = my_font) + 
  scale_fill_manual(values = my_colors) + 
  geom_point(data = df_point, aes(x = iyear, y = deaths), color = my_colors[4:1], size = 6) + 
  scale_x_continuous(breaks = seq(2000, 2014, 1), expand = c(0.02, 0)) + 
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = seq(0, 60000, 10000), limits = c(0, 60000), expand = c(0.01, 0), labels = comma) + 
  theme(plot.background = element_rect(fill = bgrColor, color = NA)) + 
  theme(panel.grid.minor.y = element_blank()) + 
  theme(panel.grid.major.x = element_blank(), panel.grid.minor.x = element_blank()) + 
  theme(axis.title = element_blank()) + 
  theme(plot.margin = unit(c(0.7, 0.7, 0.7, 1), "cm")) + 
  labs(title = "Figure 1: Deaths from global terrorism, 2000-2014", 
       subtitle = "Deaths from global terrorism have increased dramatically over the last 15 years.\nThe number of deaths has increased elevenfold sine the year 2000", 
       caption = "Source: START, IEP") + 
  annotate("curve", 
           curvature = 0,
           x = 2001, 
           xend = 2001,
           y = 12000, 
           yend = 8500,
           arrow = arrow(angle = 20, length = unit(0.22, "cm")), size = 0.4, color = "grey20") + 
  annotate("text", x = 2001, y = 13000, label = "September, 11", family = my_font, size = 4.5, color = "grey20") + 
  annotate("curve", 
           curvature = 0,
           x = 2002, 
           xend = 2002,
           y = 17000, 
           yend = 5500,
           arrow = arrow(angle = 20, length = unit(0.22, "cm")), size = 0.4, color = "grey20") + 
  annotate("text", x = 2002, y = 19000, label = "US invade\nAfghanistan", family = my_font, size = 4.5, color = "grey20") + 
  annotate("curve", 
           curvature = 0,
           x = 2003, 
           xend = 2003,
           y = 22000, 
           yend = 3900,
           arrow = arrow(angle = 20, length = unit(0.22, "cm")), size = 0.4, color = "grey20") + 
  annotate("text", x = 2003, y = 24000, label = "US invade\nAfghanistan", family = my_font, size = 4.5, color = "grey20") + 
  annotate("curve", 
           curvature = 0,
           x = 2007, 
           xend = 2007,
           y = 30000, 
           yend = 14000,
           arrow = arrow(angle = 20, length = unit(0.22, "cm")), size = 0.4, color = "grey20") + 
  annotate("text", x = 2007, y = 31000, label = "US troop surge", family = my_font, size = 4.5, color = "grey20") + 
  annotate("curve", 
           curvature = 0,
           x = 2011, 
           xend = 2011,
           y = 33000, 
           yend = 9500,
           arrow = arrow(angle = 20, length = unit(0.22, "cm")), size = 0.4, color = "grey20") + 
  annotate("text", x = 2011, y = 35200, label = "Syrian civil\nwar begin", family = my_font, size = 4.5, color = "grey20") + 
  theme(plot.title = element_text(family = my_font, size = 26, color = "grey20")) + 
  theme(plot.subtitle = element_text(family = my_font, size = 18, color = "grey30")) +  
  theme(plot.caption = element_text(family = my_font, size = 12, color = "grey30", face = "italic")) +
  theme(axis.text = element_text(color = "grey30", size = 13, family = my_font))