library(tidyverse)
library(scales)
options(scipen = 999)
Make sure to include the unit of the values whenever appropriate.
Hint: The variables are available in the CPS85 data set from the mosaicData package.
data(CPS85, package="mosaicData")
wages_lm <- lm(wage ~ sex + exper + educ,
data = CPS85)
# View summary of model 1
summary(wages_lm)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = wage ~ sex + exper + educ, data = CPS85)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -9.571 -2.746 -0.653 1.893 37.724
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -6.50451 1.20985 -5.376 0.0000001141795 ***
## sexM 2.33763 0.38806 6.024 0.0000000031877 ***
## exper 0.11330 0.01671 6.781 0.0000000000319 ***
## educ 0.94051 0.07886 11.926 < 0.0000000000000002 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 4.454 on 530 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2532, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2489
## F-statistic: 59.88 on 3 and 530 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022
The coefficent of eduaction is statsiticaly signifacant because at when you look at the p value is it is less then 5%, you can tell by the number of 0’s before the 2 showing its less than 5%.
Hint: Discuss both its sign and magnitude.
The actaul coefficnet of education would be 94 cents. Every additional year of education that person obtains, they recieve an extra 94 cents hourly.
Hint: Discuss all three aspects of the relevant predictor: 1) statistical significance, 2) sign, and 3) magnitude.
Based on the graph there is evidence to suggest there is gender discrimination with wages. The coeifficent is postive with male gender being statisticaly and the magnitued iis over two.
A prediction for womens wages would be 8.15 dollars hourly if they had 15 years education and 5 years expirence. This number is obtained by multiplying the two coefcients by the reflecting year and subtracting the the intercept.
Hint: Provide a technical interpretation.
when the predictors are all at zero, the intrcept becomes the the value of the wage, wich would be -6.50451.
Hint: Discuss in terms of both residual standard error and reported adjusted R squared.
data(CPS85, package="mosaicData")
wages_lm <- lm(wage ~ sex + exper + educ + union,
data = CPS85)
# View summary of model 1
summary(wages_lm)
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = wage ~ sex + exper + educ + union, data = CPS85)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -9.496 -2.708 -0.712 1.909 37.784
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -6.48023 1.20159 -5.393 0.00000010459 ***
## sexM 2.14765 0.39097 5.493 0.00000006145 ***
## exper 0.10692 0.01674 6.387 0.00000000037 ***
## educ 0.93495 0.07835 11.934 < 0.0000000000000002 ***
## unionUnion 1.47111 0.50932 2.888 0.00403 **
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 4.423 on 529 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.2648, Adjusted R-squared: 0.2592
## F-statistic: 47.62 on 4 and 529 DF, p-value: < 0.00000000000000022
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