I. Assignment Overview

The New York Times web site provides a rich set of APIs, as described here: https://developer.nytimes.com/apis(https://developer.nytimes.com/apis)

You’ll need to start by signing up for an API key.

Your task is to choose one of the New York Times APIs, construct an interface in R to read in the JSON data, and transform it into an R DataFrame.

II. Load Package

library(tidyverse)
library(httr)
library(jsonlite)
library(stringr)
library(kableExtra)
library(ggplot2)
library(forcats)

III. Set filter

I will use Article Search API to look up articles. The date range is the whole year 2019. Search results from the first 5 pages will be downloaded.

base_url = 'https://api.nytimes.com/svc/search/v2/articlesearch.json'
start_date <- "20190101"
end_date <- "20191231"
first_page = 1
last_page = 5

IV. Read data and Convert to DataFrame

a. Create a dataframe to consolidate outputs from all pagination in scope.

df_json <- data.frame(
         pub_date=character(),
         headline=character(),
         abstract=character(),
         lead_paragraph=character(),
         author=character(),
         type_of_material=character(),
         source=character(),
         section_name=character(),
         word_count=integer(),
         web_url=character(),
         stringsAsFactors = FALSE
)

b. Get data, perfrom tidying and produce final output

  1. set a for loop to get contents from the first 5 pages of search result. api_key is hidden.

  2. GET function from package httr is used to get data from data source.

  3. fromJSON function from package jsonlite is used to convert json files to data frames.

  4. store data from each search page to data frame df_temp

  5. consolidate df_temp from each search page into data frame df_json as final output.

for (page in first_page:last_page){
url = str_c(base_url, 
            '?begin_date=',start_date,
            '&end_date=',end_date,
            '&offset=',page,
            '&api-key=',api_key,
            sep = '')

articles <- GET(url)

#http_status(articles)

stop_for_status(articles)

df_temp <- fromJSON(url) %>%
 .$response %>%
 .$doc %>%
  mutate(headline = headline$main) %>%
  mutate(byline = byline$original) %>%
  mutate(byline = str_remove(byline, '^By ')) %>%
  mutate(pub_date = as.Date(pub_date)) %>%
  rename(author = byline) %>%
  select(pub_date,
         headline,
         abstract,
         lead_paragraph,
         author,
         type_of_material,
         source,
         section_name,
         word_count,
         web_url)
  

df_json <- rbind(df_json,df_temp)
#print(c("Current Page: ", page))
Sys.sleep(2)
df_json
}
df_json %>%
  kable() %>% 
  kable_styling() %>%
  scroll_box(width = "810px", height = '500px')
pub_date headline abstract lead_paragraph author type_of_material source section_name word_count web_url
2019-02-15 The Federal Debt Is Rising. Concern Is Not. The United States government now owes more than $22 trillion, but debt reduction is no longer a top issue in Washington. WASHINGTON — The federal debt ticked past $22 trillion this week, a record that comes despite continued economic growth, but neither political party appears to be making a priority of debt reduction. Binyamin Appelbaum News The New York Times U.S. 1093 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/15/us/politics/national-debt-trump.html
2019-02-13 A Bargain Store Has Britons Asking: Can You Really Pop the Question With Plastic? The British bargain store Poundland offered a one-pound engagement ring for Valentine’s Day. It sold 20,000 of them before the holiday arrived. LONDON — He had thought of everything: a home-cooked, candlelit dinner, a romantic playlist, a declaration of love and a ring. Ceylan Yeginsu News The New York Times World 823 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/world/europe/britain-poundland-ring.html
2019-02-14 Film Club: ‘After Parkland, Turning Trauma Into Change’ In honor of the anniversary of the Parkland shooting, a film about coping with trauma and making a difference. How can we channel pain into fuel for change? Natalie Proulx News The New York Times The Learning Network 480 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/learning/film-club-after-parkland-turning-trauma-into-change.html
2019-02-13 Takeaways From a Wide-Ranging State of the State Wednesday: How Gov. Gavin Newsom took on his predecessor and dismissed the president; new transparency on police shootings; and a tiny love story. Good morning. Jill Cowan briefing The New York Times U.S. 1359 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/us/california-today-gavin-newsom-state-of-the-state.html
2019-02-15 A Novel About the Life and Times of the Photographer Lee Miller Whitney Scharer’s “The Age of Light” tells the story of the journalist and model who was often overshadowed by her lover and collaborator Man Ray. THE AGE OF LIGHT By Whitney Scharer Lauren Elkin Review The New York Times Books 1321 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/15/books/review/whitney-scharer-age-light.html
2019-02-14 F.B.I. Opens Inquiry Into Ryan Adams’s Explicit Communications With an Underage Fan The musician denies that he had inappropriate online sexual communications “with someone he knew was underage.” Agents from the Crimes Against Children Squad will seek to interview the woman. The F.B.I. is looking into whether the singer-songwriter Ryan Adams, 44, committed a crime by engaging in sexually explicit communications with an underage fan, according to a law enforcement official with knowledge of the matter. Joe Coscarelli and William K. Rashbaum News The New York Times Arts 897 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/arts/music/fbi-ryan-adams.html
2019-02-11 The Neuroscience of ‘Rock-a-Bye Baby’ A new study shows it works for adult sleep, too. Want to fall effortlessly into profound slumber and sleep like a baby? Everyone knows that infants can be lulled to sleep by gentle rocking. Well, now it seems that what works for babies works for adults, too. Richard A. Friedman Op-Ed The New York Times Opinion 868 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/10/opinion/sleep-neuroscience.html
2019-02-15 Amazon and New York Unions Had ‘Productive Meeting,’ Then Came a Shock Labor groups aiming to organize a Staten Island warehouse were in talks with the company a day before it abandoned plans for a Queens headquarters. When Amazon announced Thursday that it was abandoning plans for an additional corporate headquarters in New York, no one was more surprised than the union leaders who were in talks with the company the day before. Natalie Kitroeff News The New York Times Business Day 703 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/business/economy/amazon-union-cuomo.html
2019-02-14 Felipe González: We Must Not Fail the Venezuelan People To restore democracy in the Latin American nation, foreign powers need to step aside and let the regional stakeholders resolve the crisis. MADRID — Venezuela has been part of my life, both politically and personally, for over four decades. I was a friend of Rómulo Betancourt, the founding father of Venezuelan democracy; of Carlos Andrés Pérez, who governed Venezuela during two terms; and of all the country’s democratically elected presidents. My bond to the country was so strong and close that, following the failed coup attempt against President Hugo Chávez in 2002, the United Nations secretary general, Kofi Annan, asked me to be his personal representative in Venezuela. As expected, Mr. Chávez rejected the appointment. Felipe González Op-Ed The New York Times Opinion 1012 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/opinion/felipe-gonzalez-venezuelan.html
2019-02-14 ‘Parkland: Inside Building 12’ Review: Recounting the Attack in Painful Detail This documentary on the Florida school shooting makes the massacre immediate in a way that sometimes gets lost in news coverage or political debates. For roughly the first 50 minutes of “Parkland: Inside Building 12,” students and teachers recall last year’s attack at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in harrowing detail: who heard what and when, who hid where, which doors were locked, who was bleeding or killed. Much of the second hour is then devoted to remembering the 17 dead, one by one. At the close, when Emma González is shown reciting their names at the March for Our Lives rally, we have a mental image of each person. Ben Kenigsberg Review The New York Times Movies 276 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/movies/parkland-inside-building-12-review.html
2019-02-14 Learning With: ‘Parkland: A Year After the School Shooting That Was Supposed to Change Everything’ One year later, what have we learned from the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School? Before reading the article: Jeremy Engle News The New York Times The Learning Network 1029 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/learning/learning-with-parkland-a-year-after-the-school-shooting-that-was-supposed-to-change-everything.html
2019-02-14 F.B.I. Investigates Suspicious Fire at Planned Parenthood Clinic in Missouri The bureau is looking into possible federal civil rights violations in connection with a fire at a center in Columbia, Mo., on Sunday. The F.B.I. has opened an investigation into a fire at a Planned Parenthood clinic in Missouri last weekend that the Columbia Police Department said was suspicious. Emily S. Rueb News The New York Times U.S. 367 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/us/planned-parenthood-fire-missouri.html
2019-02-13 Trump Says South Korea Is Paying $500 Million More for U.S. Troops. The Deal Says Otherwise. Contrary to President Trump’s comments, South Korea is increasing its contribution to defense costs by $70 million, American and South Korean officials said. SEOUL, South Korea — South Koreans were left flustered on Wednesday after President Trump asserted that he had made their government pay $500 million more to help cover the cost of maintaining American troops in the country. Choe Sang-Hun News The New York Times World 598 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/world/asia/trump-south-korea.html
2019-02-11 How Russia Undermined Over 30 Years of Nuclear Arms Control Since 1987, a treaty with Moscow to limit midrange missile deployment has boosted trans-Atlantic security. But Russia has been cheating, and is fielding missiles banned by the compact. Why did Russia argue that the United States should keep the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty intact and then recently declare its own suspension of the treaty? After all, it has deployed many of the very missiles banned by the treaty. Russia began the covert development of this class of missiles, probably in the mid-2000s, in a way designed to disguise its true nature. This decision has undermined over 30 years of good-faith nuclear arms control efforts and puts America, its allies and its partners at risk. Kay Bailey Hutchison Op-Ed The New York Times Opinion 847 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/10/opinion/russia-inf-treaty.html
2019-02-13 Manafort Lied After Plea Deal, Judge Says A federal judge found that President Trump’s former campaign chairman was untruthful about several topics, potentially leading to a longer sentence. WASHINGTON — A federal judge ruled on Wednesday that Paul Manafort, President Trump’s former campaign chairman, had breached his plea agreement by lying multiple times to prosecutors after pledging to cooperate with the special counsel’s investigation into Russia’s interference in the 2016 election. Sharon LaFraniere News The New York Times U.S. 967 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/us/politics/manafort-mueller.html
2019-02-13 NASA’s Opportunity Rover Dies on Mars Fifteen years and 28 miles on the red planet. Fifteen years and 28 miles on the red planet. Jonathan Corum Interactive Feature The New York Times Science 0 https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/02/13/science/opportunity-rover-mars-map.html
2019-02-14 A Poem for Richard E. Grant, Portrayer of Lovable Lowlifes The American poet D. A. Powell shares an ode to the actor’s mischievous character Jack Hock in “Can You Ever Forgive Me?” This Valentine’s Day, T asked five writers to compose a love letter (of sorts) to an actor or fictional character who has been nominated — or, in one case, passed over — this year for the 91st Academy Awards. Here, the poet D. A. Powell, who has most recently published his work in The Nation, Denver Quarterly and Columbia Poetry Review, pens a poem to Richard E. Grant’s performance as Jack Hock in “Can You Ever Forgive Me?,” which garnered Grant a nomination for best supporting actor. D. A. Powell News The New York Times T Magazine 203 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/t-magazine/richard-e-grant-poem.html
2019-02-13 Maria Ressa, Philippine Journalist Critical of Rodrigo Duterte, Is Released After Arrest Her detention in a digital libel case involving her online news site, Rappler, comes amid a crackdown on the news media by the president. It’s a scene that Maria Ressa, a co-founder of an online news start-up critical of President Rodrigo Duterte of the Philippines, has grown accustomed to. Alexandra Stevenson News The New York Times World 793 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/world/asia/maria-ressa-arrested.html
2019-02-14 Covering the Lives of Veterans, Revered but Often Forgotten I took the veterans affairs beat at the end of last year and quickly found that veterans — and those who care for them — are eager to share experiences and to engage. Times Insider explains who we are and what we do, and delivers behind-the-scenes insights into how our journalism comes together. Jennifer Steinhauer News The New York Times Reader Center 753 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/reader-center/veterans-affairs-health-war.html
2019-02-14 Some Bathroom Postings John E. Bennett and Jeff Chen collaborate once again. THURSDAY PUZZLE — I’m way ahead of you. I’ve already asked the editors what happened to the hearts, chocolate and flowers — Happy Valentine’s Day, by the way — and I was told that there were no Valentine’s Day-themed submissions this year. So if you want to submit a puzzle that has a very good chance of being published next year around this time, get to work on one of those. Deb Amlen News The New York Times Crosswords & Games 640 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/crosswords/daily-puzzle-2019-02-14.html
2019-02-14 Kashmir Suffers From the Worst Attack There in 30 Years The suicide bomb that killed at least 40 soldiers in a convoy of Indian paramilitary forces will likely raise tensions between India and Pakistan. AWANTIPORA, Kashmir — A vehicle filled with explosives rammed into a convoy of Indian paramilitary forces on a busy highway in the Indian-controlled part of Kashmir on Thursday, killing at least 40 soldiers, local officials said, in the worst attack in the disputed region in three decades. Sameer Yasir and Maria Abi-Habib News The New York Times World 835 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/world/asia/pulwama-attack-kashmir.html
2019-02-14 7 Things to Do With Your Kids in N.Y.C. This Weekend Our guide to cultural events in New York City for children and teenagers happening this weekend and in the week ahead. Our guide to cultural events in New York City for children and teenagers happening this weekend and in the week ahead. Laurel Graeber News The New York Times Arts 885 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/arts/nyc-this-weekend-childrens-events.html
2019-02-14 Mike Pence Lashes European Allies for Their Stance on Iran The U.S. vice president demanded that Britain, France and Germany “stand by us” and quit their efforts to help Tehran sidestep American sanctions. WARSAW — Vice President Mike Pence used an American-convened conference on Middle East security to lash out at Washington’s three closest European allies on Thursday, accusing them of trying “to break American sanctions against Iran’s murderous revolutionary regime.” David E. Sanger and Katie Rogers News The New York Times World 1246 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/world/europe/pompeo-pence-us-iran.html
2019-02-15 Las principales noticias del viernes La cárcel del Chapo, emergencia nacional, diagnósticos por computadora y fórmulas para el amor: lo que está sucediendo en América Latina y el mundo. ¡Ya es viernes! Bienvenido al boletín diario de The New York Times en Español. Si aún no estás suscrito, puedes darte de alta en este enlace. Por Marina Franco briefing The New York Times Universal 1678 https://www.nytimes.com/es/2019/02/14/universal/es/el-times-noticias-viernes.html
2019-02-14 Border Security, Foreign Aid and a Raise for Federal Workers: What You Need to Know About the Spending Package Seven spending bills, including a sweeping border security package, passed through both chambers on Thursday, in time to avert a second shutdown. WASHINGTON — The $333 billion spending package Congress passed on Thursday will probably keep the government fully funded through the end of September. But it also delivers the most stinging rebuke of President Trump’s vision for a wall along the southwestern border and for overhauling domestic programs. Emily Cochrane and Catie Edmondson News The New York Times U.S. 934 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/us/politics/congress-trump-border-deal-wall.html
2019-02-15 Jacob deGrom Wants to Stay in Queens. What More Do the Mets Need to Know? The Mets have still not offered their Cy Young Award-winning ace a contract extension despite having a clear picture of his talent and value. PORT ST. LUCIE, Fla. — Jacob deGrom was the best in the world at his job last season. For that, the Mets gave him a raise of almost $10 million. Tyler Kepner News The New York Times Sports 935 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/sports/jacob-degrom-mets-contract.html
2019-02-14 M.L.S. Commissioner Don Garber Gets Five-Year Contract Extension Garber, who has overseen a wave of expansion that has more than doubled the size of the league since he took over in 1999, will remain through the 2023 season. Don Garber, who in two decades as commissioner has overseen a wave of expansion that has more than doubled the size of Major League Soccer, has signed a five-year contract extension that will keep him in charge of the league through the 2023 season. Andrew Das News The New York Times Sports 401 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/sports/mls-don-garber.html
2019-02-15 Facebook Fine Could Total Billions if F.T.C. Talks Lead to a Deal The social media company is in discussions with regulators over claims that it violated a 2011 consent decree regarding user privacy. WASHINGTON — Facebook and the Federal Trade Commission are discussing a settlement over privacy violations that could amount to a record, multibillion-dollar fine, according to three people with knowledge of the talks. Cecilia Kang News The New York Times Technology 425 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/technology/facebook-ftc-settlement.html
2019-02-14 Raymond K. Price Jr., 88, a Key Nixon Speechwriter, Is Dead A former newsman, Mr. Price wrote drafts for the president’s Inaugural Addresses and his resignation speech, lending a moderate voice. Raymond K. Price Jr., a cerebral, pipe-smoking speechwriter for President Richard M. Nixon who helped write the first and last words of his presidency, his Inaugural Addresses and his resignation speech, died on Wednesday in Manhattan. He was 88. Douglas Martin Obituary (Obit) The New York Times Obituaries 1553 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/obituaries/raymond-k-price-jr-dead.html
2019-02-15 Burning Man, Seeking to Change ‘Convenience Culture,’ Boots Camp for Wealthy The chief executive said she had warned 12 camps and disinvited one from the annual event where attendees create music and art in the Nevada desert. Burning Man’s chief executive has disinvited one camp for wealthy attendees and warned a dozen others as it outlines steps the organization has taken to return the event to its egalitarian roots, according to a blog post the organization posted over the weekend. Laura M. Holson News The New York Times Business Day 714 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/15/business/burning-man-tickets.html
2019-02-15 The Federal Debt Is Rising. Concern Is Not. The United States government now owes more than $22 trillion, but debt reduction is no longer a top issue in Washington. WASHINGTON — The federal debt ticked past $22 trillion this week, a record that comes despite continued economic growth, but neither political party appears to be making a priority of debt reduction. Binyamin Appelbaum News The New York Times U.S. 1093 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/15/us/politics/national-debt-trump.html
2019-02-13 A Bargain Store Has Britons Asking: Can You Really Pop the Question With Plastic? The British bargain store Poundland offered a one-pound engagement ring for Valentine’s Day. It sold 20,000 of them before the holiday arrived. LONDON — He had thought of everything: a home-cooked, candlelit dinner, a romantic playlist, a declaration of love and a ring. Ceylan Yeginsu News The New York Times World 823 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/world/europe/britain-poundland-ring.html
2019-02-14 Film Club: ‘After Parkland, Turning Trauma Into Change’ In honor of the anniversary of the Parkland shooting, a film about coping with trauma and making a difference. How can we channel pain into fuel for change? Natalie Proulx News The New York Times The Learning Network 480 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/learning/film-club-after-parkland-turning-trauma-into-change.html
2019-02-13 Takeaways From a Wide-Ranging State of the State Wednesday: How Gov. Gavin Newsom took on his predecessor and dismissed the president; new transparency on police shootings; and a tiny love story. Good morning. Jill Cowan briefing The New York Times U.S. 1359 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/us/california-today-gavin-newsom-state-of-the-state.html
2019-02-15 A Novel About the Life and Times of the Photographer Lee Miller Whitney Scharer’s “The Age of Light” tells the story of the journalist and model who was often overshadowed by her lover and collaborator Man Ray. THE AGE OF LIGHT By Whitney Scharer Lauren Elkin Review The New York Times Books 1321 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/15/books/review/whitney-scharer-age-light.html
2019-02-14 F.B.I. Opens Inquiry Into Ryan Adams’s Explicit Communications With an Underage Fan The musician denies that he had inappropriate online sexual communications “with someone he knew was underage.” Agents from the Crimes Against Children Squad will seek to interview the woman. The F.B.I. is looking into whether the singer-songwriter Ryan Adams, 44, committed a crime by engaging in sexually explicit communications with an underage fan, according to a law enforcement official with knowledge of the matter. Joe Coscarelli and William K. Rashbaum News The New York Times Arts 897 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/arts/music/fbi-ryan-adams.html
2019-02-11 The Neuroscience of ‘Rock-a-Bye Baby’ A new study shows it works for adult sleep, too. Want to fall effortlessly into profound slumber and sleep like a baby? Everyone knows that infants can be lulled to sleep by gentle rocking. Well, now it seems that what works for babies works for adults, too. Richard A. Friedman Op-Ed The New York Times Opinion 868 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/10/opinion/sleep-neuroscience.html
2019-02-15 Amazon and New York Unions Had ‘Productive Meeting,’ Then Came a Shock Labor groups aiming to organize a Staten Island warehouse were in talks with the company a day before it abandoned plans for a Queens headquarters. When Amazon announced Thursday that it was abandoning plans for an additional corporate headquarters in New York, no one was more surprised than the union leaders who were in talks with the company the day before. Natalie Kitroeff News The New York Times Business Day 703 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/business/economy/amazon-union-cuomo.html
2019-02-14 Felipe González: We Must Not Fail the Venezuelan People To restore democracy in the Latin American nation, foreign powers need to step aside and let the regional stakeholders resolve the crisis. MADRID — Venezuela has been part of my life, both politically and personally, for over four decades. I was a friend of Rómulo Betancourt, the founding father of Venezuelan democracy; of Carlos Andrés Pérez, who governed Venezuela during two terms; and of all the country’s democratically elected presidents. My bond to the country was so strong and close that, following the failed coup attempt against President Hugo Chávez in 2002, the United Nations secretary general, Kofi Annan, asked me to be his personal representative in Venezuela. As expected, Mr. Chávez rejected the appointment. Felipe González Op-Ed The New York Times Opinion 1012 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/opinion/felipe-gonzalez-venezuelan.html
2019-02-14 ‘Parkland: Inside Building 12’ Review: Recounting the Attack in Painful Detail This documentary on the Florida school shooting makes the massacre immediate in a way that sometimes gets lost in news coverage or political debates. For roughly the first 50 minutes of “Parkland: Inside Building 12,” students and teachers recall last year’s attack at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in harrowing detail: who heard what and when, who hid where, which doors were locked, who was bleeding or killed. Much of the second hour is then devoted to remembering the 17 dead, one by one. At the close, when Emma González is shown reciting their names at the March for Our Lives rally, we have a mental image of each person. Ben Kenigsberg Review The New York Times Movies 276 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/movies/parkland-inside-building-12-review.html
2019-02-14 Learning With: ‘Parkland: A Year After the School Shooting That Was Supposed to Change Everything’ One year later, what have we learned from the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School? Before reading the article: Jeremy Engle News The New York Times The Learning Network 1029 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/learning/learning-with-parkland-a-year-after-the-school-shooting-that-was-supposed-to-change-everything.html
2019-02-14 F.B.I. Investigates Suspicious Fire at Planned Parenthood Clinic in Missouri The bureau is looking into possible federal civil rights violations in connection with a fire at a center in Columbia, Mo., on Sunday. The F.B.I. has opened an investigation into a fire at a Planned Parenthood clinic in Missouri last weekend that the Columbia Police Department said was suspicious. Emily S. Rueb News The New York Times U.S. 367 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/us/planned-parenthood-fire-missouri.html
2019-02-13 Trump Says South Korea Is Paying $500 Million More for U.S. Troops. The Deal Says Otherwise. Contrary to President Trump’s comments, South Korea is increasing its contribution to defense costs by $70 million, American and South Korean officials said. SEOUL, South Korea — South Koreans were left flustered on Wednesday after President Trump asserted that he had made their government pay $500 million more to help cover the cost of maintaining American troops in the country. Choe Sang-Hun News The New York Times World 598 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/world/asia/trump-south-korea.html
2019-02-11 How Russia Undermined Over 30 Years of Nuclear Arms Control Since 1987, a treaty with Moscow to limit midrange missile deployment has boosted trans-Atlantic security. But Russia has been cheating, and is fielding missiles banned by the compact. Why did Russia argue that the United States should keep the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty intact and then recently declare its own suspension of the treaty? After all, it has deployed many of the very missiles banned by the treaty. Russia began the covert development of this class of missiles, probably in the mid-2000s, in a way designed to disguise its true nature. This decision has undermined over 30 years of good-faith nuclear arms control efforts and puts America, its allies and its partners at risk. Kay Bailey Hutchison Op-Ed The New York Times Opinion 847 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/10/opinion/russia-inf-treaty.html
2019-02-13 Manafort Lied After Plea Deal, Judge Says A federal judge found that President Trump’s former campaign chairman was untruthful about several topics, potentially leading to a longer sentence. WASHINGTON — A federal judge ruled on Wednesday that Paul Manafort, President Trump’s former campaign chairman, had breached his plea agreement by lying multiple times to prosecutors after pledging to cooperate with the special counsel’s investigation into Russia’s interference in the 2016 election. Sharon LaFraniere News The New York Times U.S. 967 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/us/politics/manafort-mueller.html
2019-02-13 NASA’s Opportunity Rover Dies on Mars Fifteen years and 28 miles on the red planet. Fifteen years and 28 miles on the red planet. Jonathan Corum Interactive Feature The New York Times Science 0 https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/02/13/science/opportunity-rover-mars-map.html
2019-02-14 A Poem for Richard E. Grant, Portrayer of Lovable Lowlifes The American poet D. A. Powell shares an ode to the actor’s mischievous character Jack Hock in “Can You Ever Forgive Me?” This Valentine’s Day, T asked five writers to compose a love letter (of sorts) to an actor or fictional character who has been nominated — or, in one case, passed over — this year for the 91st Academy Awards. Here, the poet D. A. Powell, who has most recently published his work in The Nation, Denver Quarterly and Columbia Poetry Review, pens a poem to Richard E. Grant’s performance as Jack Hock in “Can You Ever Forgive Me?,” which garnered Grant a nomination for best supporting actor. D. A. Powell News The New York Times T Magazine 203 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/t-magazine/richard-e-grant-poem.html
2019-02-13 Maria Ressa, Philippine Journalist Critical of Rodrigo Duterte, Is Released After Arrest Her detention in a digital libel case involving her online news site, Rappler, comes amid a crackdown on the news media by the president. It’s a scene that Maria Ressa, a co-founder of an online news start-up critical of President Rodrigo Duterte of the Philippines, has grown accustomed to. Alexandra Stevenson News The New York Times World 793 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/world/asia/maria-ressa-arrested.html
2019-02-14 Covering the Lives of Veterans, Revered but Often Forgotten I took the veterans affairs beat at the end of last year and quickly found that veterans — and those who care for them — are eager to share experiences and to engage. Times Insider explains who we are and what we do, and delivers behind-the-scenes insights into how our journalism comes together. Jennifer Steinhauer News The New York Times Reader Center 753 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/14/reader-center/veterans-affairs-health-war.html
2019-02-14 Some Bathroom Postings John E. Bennett and Jeff Chen collaborate once again. THURSDAY PUZZLE — I’m way ahead of you. I’ve already asked the editors what happened to the hearts, chocolate and flowers — Happy Valentine’s Day, by the way — and I was told that there were no Valentine’s Day-themed submissions this year. So if you want to submit a puzzle that has a very good chance of being published next year around this time, get to work on one of those. Deb Amlen News The New York Times Crosswords & Games 640 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/13/crosswords/daily-puzzle-2019-02-14.html

V. Extra: Plots for Analysis

ggplot(data=df_json, aes(x=fct_rev(fct_infreq(section_name)), y=..count.., fill = ..count..))+
  geom_bar(stat='count')+
  geom_text(stat = 'count', aes(label=..count..),size = 3, color= 'white',position = position_stack(vjust = 0.8))+
  scale_fill_gradient(low = 'deeppink4', high = 'deeppink1')+
  xlab('section name')+
  ggtitle('Number of Articles by Section Name')+
  coord_flip()

ggplot(data=df_json, aes(x=fct_rev(fct_infreq(type_of_material)), y=..count.., fill = ..count..))+
  geom_bar(stat='count')+
  geom_text(stat = 'count', aes(label=..count..),size = 3, color= 'white',position = position_stack(vjust = 0.8))+
  scale_fill_gradient(low = 'tan4', high = 'tan1')+
  xlab('type of material')+
  ggtitle('Number of Articles by Type of Material')+
  coord_flip()

ggplot(data=df_json, aes(x=word_count, fill=..count..))+
  geom_histogram(bins=30,color="black")+
  scale_fill_gradient(low = 'cyan4', high = 'cyan1')+
  ggtitle('Histogram: Word Count')