In this document, we address the following goal:

Goal: Let’s understand the REASONS why wage theft claims are rejected.

Deliverables:

We worked to categorize all of the reasons typed into the “other” fields for in valid and undetermined claims. Our spreadsheet with this work is here: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1M6SJ08PV-oYjN6LbwtC_3C4XvPbVX5f8i9cIwk2WzfU/edit?usp=sharing

Technical Data Cleaning Stuff

Please ignore the following code:

library(tidyverse)
library(lubridate)
library(knitr)
library(noncensus)
library(wru)
library(gender)

lajc <- read_csv("DOLI_Wage_Claim_Data_(With_Column_Key).csv", skip=1)

lajc <- lajc %>%
  mutate(firstname = word(`COMPLAINANT NAME`, 1),
         firstname2 = word(`COMPLAINANT NAME`, 2),
         surname = word(`COMPLAINANT NAME`, -1),
         surname2 = word(`COMPLAINANT NAME`, -2),
         firstname = ifelse(nchar(firstname) <= 2, firstname2, firstname),
         surname = ifelse(nchar(surname) <= 3, surname2, surname),
         year = 2012) 

gender <- gender_df(lajc, name_col="firstname", year_col="year", method="ssa") %>%
  rename(firstname = name,
         likely_gender = gender) %>%
  dplyr::select(firstname, likely_gender)

lajc <- full_join(lajc, gender, by="firstname")

race.data <- dplyr::select(lajc, surname)
race <- predict_race(race.data, surname.only=TRUE)
## [1] "Proceeding with surname-only predictions..."
race <- apply(race[,-1], 1, which.max)

lajc <- mutate(lajc,
               likely_hispanic = race == "3",
               likely_asian = race == "4")

lajc <- dplyr::select(lajc, -firstname, -firstname2, -surname, -surname2, -year)

lajc <- lajc %>%
  rename(claimID = `CLAIM NO`,
         employer = `EMPLOYER NAME`,
         complainant = `COMPLAINANT NAME`,
         employerzip = ZIP,
         complainantzip = ZIP_1,
         claim_amount = `CLAIM AMT`,
         case_open = `CASE OPEN/RE-OPEN`,
         valid = Valid,
         invalid = Invalid,
         invalid_reason = `CLAIM INVAL OTHER DESCRIPTION`,
         undetermined_reason = `CLAIM UNDETERMINED OTHER DESCRIPTION`,
         verified_claim = `VERIFIED CLAIM AMT`,
         case_close = `CASE CLOSE/RECLOSE DATE`,
         first_response = `1st Response Investigation`,
         formal_investigate = `Formal Investigation`,
         wage_order = `Wage Order`,
         total_rec = `TOT AMT`,
         wage_rec = `WAGE AMT`) %>%
  mutate(likely_gender = factor(likely_gender),
         claim_amount = substring(claim_amount, 2),
         verified_claim = substring(verified_claim, 2),
         total_rec = substring(total_rec, 2),
         wage_rec = substring(wage_rec, 2),
         claim_amount = str_remove(claim_amount, ","),
         verified_claim = str_remove(verified_claim, ","),
         total_rec = str_remove(total_rec, ","),
         wage_rec = str_remove(wage_rec, ","),
         claim_amount = as.numeric(claim_amount),
         verified_claim = as.numeric(verified_claim),
         total_rec = as.numeric(total_rec),
         wage_rec = as.numeric(wage_rec),
         case_open = dmy(case_open),
         case_close = dmy(case_close),
         duration = case_close - case_open,
         valid = (valid == "X"),
         invalid = (invalid == "X"),
         first_response = (first_response == "X"),
         formal_investigate = (formal_investigate == "X"),
         wage_order = (wage_order == "X"),
         valid = ifelse(is.na(valid), FALSE, valid),
         invalid = ifelse(is.na(invalid), FALSE, invalid),
         first_response = ifelse(is.na(first_response), FALSE, first_response),
         wage_order = ifelse(is.na(wage_order), FALSE, wage_order),
         formal_investigate = ifelse(is.na(formal_investigate), FALSE, formal_investigate))

lajc <- lajc %>%
  mutate(DOLI_reason = "Informal Resolution",
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`Bankrupt`), "Bankrupt", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`Fringe Benefits`), "Fringe Benefits", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`Independent Agent`), "Independent Agent", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`Subcontractor`), "Subcontractor", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`False Claim`), "False Claim", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`invalid_reason`), invalid_reason, DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`Employer left State`), "Employer left State", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`Employer Cannot be Located`), "Employer Cannot be Located", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`Complainant Cannot be Located`), "Complainant Cannot be Located", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`Complainant Dropped Claim`), "Complainant Dropped Claim", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`Paid Prior to Investigation`), "Paid Prior to Investigation", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`Business is Closed`), "Business is Closed", DOLI_reason),
         DOLI_reason = ifelse(!is.na(`undetermined_reason`), undetermined_reason, DOLI_reason))

reasons <- read_csv("recoded_reasons.csv")
lajc <- full_join(lajc, reasons) %>%
  mutate(recoded_reason_cfc = ifelse(DOLI_reason == "Informal Resolution", "Informal resolution", recoded_reason_cfc),
         recoded_reason_lajc = ifelse(DOLI_reason == "Informal Resolution", "Informal resolution", recoded_reason_lajc),
         recoded_reason_cfc = ifelse(is.na(recoded_reason_cfc), DOLI_reason, recoded_reason_cfc),
         recoded_reason_lajc = ifelse(is.na(recoded_reason_lajc), DOLI_reason, recoded_reason_lajc),
         recoded_reason_cfc = fct_recode(recoded_reason_cfc,
                                     "Already in legal process" = "CLAIMANT HIRED AN ATTORNEY",                                 
                                     "Already in legal process" = "HIRED LAWYER",                                               
                                     "Already in legal process" = "CLAIMANT HIRED A LAWYER",                                    
                                     "Already in legal process" = "CRIMINAL CHARGES",                                           
                                     "Already in legal process" = "CLAIMANT FILED IN COURT",                                    
                                     "Already in legal process" = "AWAITING LETTER FROM ATTORNEY",                              
                                     "Business is Closed" = "Bankrupt",                                                   
                                     "Already in legal process" = "CLAIMANT ALREADY FILED IN COURT.",                           
                                     "Already in legal process" =  "CLAIMANT FILED IN COURT.",                                   
                                     "Already in legal process" =  "CLAIMANT ALREAD FILED IN COURT AGAINST THE EMPLOYER",        
                                     "Already in legal process" =  "CLAIMANT INDICATED THE FILED A COURT CASE FOR UNPAID WAGES.",
                                     "Already in legal process" =  "CLAIMANT HAS FILED IN LOUDOUN COUNTY COURT",                 
                                     "Already in legal process" =  "FILED CASE WITH WISE GENERAL DISTRICT COURT",                
                                     "Already in legal process" =  "CLAIMANT ALREADY FILED IN COURT",                            
                                     "Already in legal process" =  "CLAIMANT HIRED ATTORNEY",                                    
                                     "Already in legal process" =  "CRIMINAL CASE ONGOING",                                      
                                     "Duplicate case" = "DUPLICATE CASE, SEE LLVA60608",                              
                                     "Duplicate case" = "DUPLICATE CASE, SEE LLVA60691.",                             
                                     "Other" ="CLAIM FOR PAY STATEMENT, NOT WAGES",                         
                                     "Duplicate case" =  "DUPLICATE CASE",                                             
                                     "Duplicate case" =  "DUPLICATE CLAIM, SEE LLVA60767",                             
                                     "Other" = "INDIVIDUAL LIABILITY ATTACHED TO PRIMARY CASE",              
                                     "Other" = "MAIN CASE IS AGAINST INDIVIDUAL",                            
                                     "Other" = "NOTE DISCREPANCIES  AS BILLABLE HOUR EMPLOYEE",              
                                     "Other" = "INVOLVES SHIFT DIFFERENTIAL PAY",                            
                                     "Other" = "CLAIM REOPENED AFTER EMPLOYER AUDIT OF RECORDS",             
                                     "Other" = "CLAIMANT DID NOT RESPOND TO 5-DAY LETTER"),
                  recoded_reason_lajc = fct_recode(recoded_reason_lajc,
                                     "Attorney Involvement" = "CLAIMANT HIRED AN ATTORNEY",                                 
                                     "Attorney Involvement" = "HIRED LAWYER",                                               
                                     "Attorney Involvement" = "CLAIMANT HIRED A LAWYER",                                    
                                     "Criminal issue" = "CRIMINAL CHARGES",                                           
                                     "Court Case" = "CLAIMANT FILED IN COURT",                                    
                                     "Attorney Involvement" = "AWAITING LETTER FROM ATTORNEY",                              
                                     "Closed Business" = "Bankrupt",    
                                     "Closed Business" = "Business closed",
                                     "Court Case" = "CLAIMANT ALREADY FILED IN COURT.",                           
                                     "Court Case" =  "CLAIMANT FILED IN COURT.",      
                                     "Court Case" =  "CLAIMANT ALREAD FILED IN COURT AGAINST THE EMPLOYER",        
                                     "Court Case" =  "CLAIMANT INDICATED THE FILED A COURT CASE FOR UNPAID WAGES.",
                                     "Court Case" =  "CLAIMANT HAS FILED IN LOUDOUN COUNTY COURT",                 
                                     "Court Case" =  "FILED CASE WITH WISE GENERAL DISTRICT COURT",                
                                     "Court Case" =  "CLAIMANT ALREADY FILED IN COURT",  
                                     "Attorney Involvement" =  "CLAIMANT HIRED ATTORNEY",                                    
                                     "Criminal issue" =  "CRIMINAL CASE ONGOING",   
                                     "Did not demand wages" ="CLAIM FOR PAY STATEMENT, NOT WAGES",
                                     "Other" = "DUPLICATE CASE, SEE LLVA60608",                              
                                     "Other" = "DUPLICATE CASE, SEE LLVA60691.",                            
                                     "Other" =  "DUPLICATE CASE",                                             
                                     "Other" =  "DUPLICATE CLAIM, SEE LLVA60767",  
                                     "Individual Liability" = "INDIVIDUAL LIABILITY ATTACHED TO PRIMARY CASE",              
                                     "Other" = "MAIN CASE IS AGAINST INDIVIDUAL",                            
                                     "Other" = "NOTE DISCREPANCIES  AS BILLABLE HOUR EMPLOYEE",              
                                     "Other" = "INVOLVES SHIFT DIFFERENTIAL PAY",                            
                                     "Other" = "CLAIM REOPENED AFTER EMPLOYER AUDIT OF RECORDS",             
                                     "Claimant unresponsive" = "CLAIMANT DID NOT RESPOND TO 5-DAY LETTER"))

data(zip_codes)
data(counties)

zip_codes <- zip_codes %>%
  mutate(fips = as.character(fips),
         fips = ifelse(nchar(fips) < 5, str_c("0", fips), fips)) %>%
  select(fips, zip, latitude, longitude)

counties <- counties %>%
  mutate(fips = str_c(state_fips, county_fips),
         fips = ifelse(nchar(fips) < 5, str_c("0", fips), fips)) %>%
  full_join(zip_codes) %>%
  filter(!is.na(zip)) %>%
  rename(countypop = population) %>%
  select(county_name, state, countypop, zip, latitude, longitude)

emp.zip <- counties
emp.zip$zip <- as.numeric(emp.zip$zip)
colnames(emp.zip) <- sapply(colnames(counties), FUN = function(x){
  paste(c("employer", x), collapse="")
  }
)
lajc <- lajc %>%
  left_join(emp.zip)

com.zip <- counties
com.zip$zip <- as.numeric(com.zip$zip)
colnames(com.zip) <- sapply(colnames(counties), FUN = function(x){
  paste(c("complainant", x), collapse="")
  }
)
lajc <- lajc %>%
  left_join(com.zip)

lajc <- lajc %>%
  unite(determination, valid, invalid) %>%
  mutate(determination = fct_recode(determination,
                                    "Valid" = "TRUE_FALSE",
                                    "Invalid" = "FALSE_TRUE",
                                    "Undetermined" = "FALSE_FALSE"),
         employerstatenotcoded = is.na(employerstate),
         employeroutofstate = employerstate != "VA" & !employerstatenotcoded,
         complainantstatenotcoded = is.na(complainantstate),
         complainantoutofstate = complainantstate != "VA" & !complainantstatenotcoded) %>%
  rename(employercity_county = employercounty_name,
         complainantcity_county = complainantcounty_name) %>%
  dplyr::select(claimID, employer, complainant, likely_gender, likely_asian, likely_hispanic, 
         employercity_county, employerstate, employeroutofstate, employerstatenotcoded, 
         employerzip, employerlatitude, employerlongitude, employercountypop,
         complainantcity_county, complainantstate, complainantoutofstate, complainantstatenotcoded, 
         complainantzip, complainantlatitude, complainantlongitude, complainantcountypop,
         claim_amount, case_open, case_close, duration, determination, DOLI_reason, 
         recoded_reason_cfc, recoded_reason_cfc2, recoded_reason_cfc3, 
         recoded_reason_lajc, recoded_reason_lajc2, recoded_reason_lajc3,
         verified_claim, first_response, formal_investigate, wage_order, wage_rec, total_rec)

write_csv(lajc, "wagetheft_data_cleaned.csv")
lajc_invalid <- filter(lajc, determination == "Invalid")
lajc_undetermined <- filter(lajc, determination == "Undetermined")

The reasons cited by DOLI

Here are reasons cited by DOLI for determining a claim to be invalid:

lajc_invalid_bar <- lajc_invalid %>% 
  group_by(recoded_reason_lajc) %>%
  summarize(count = n()) %>%
  na.omit()
g <- ggplot(lajc_invalid_bar, aes(x = reorder(recoded_reason_lajc, count), y=count)) + 
  geom_bar(stat="identity") +
  geom_text(aes(label=count), hjust=0) +
  coord_flip() +
  xlab("Reason") +
  ylab("Number of complaints marked invalid for this reason") +
  theme(text=element_text(family="serif")) 
g

Here are reasons cited by DOLI for determining a claim to be undetermined:

lajc_undetermined_bar <- lajc_undetermined %>% 
  group_by(recoded_reason_lajc) %>%
  summarize(count = n()) %>%
  na.omit()
g <- ggplot(lajc_undetermined_bar, aes(x = reorder(recoded_reason_lajc, count), y=count)) + 
  geom_bar(stat="identity") +
  geom_text(aes(label=count), hjust=0) +
  coord_flip() +
  xlab("Reason") +
  ylab("Number of complaints marked undetermined for this reason") +
  theme(text=element_text(family="serif")) 
g

Amount claimed by reason

Here are the average and total amounts claimed by reason for finding a claim invalid:

lajc_invalid_claimed <- lajc_invalid %>%
  group_by(recoded_reason_lajc) %>%
  summarize(`Frequency of reason` = n(),
            `Total wages claimed` = sum(claim_amount),
            `Average wages claimed` = mean(claim_amount)) %>%
  na.omit() %>%
  rename(Reason = recoded_reason_lajc) %>%
  arrange(-`Total wages claimed`)
kable(lajc_invalid_claimed)
Reason Frequency of reason Total wages claimed Average wages claimed
Over $15000 5 1119749.99 223949.9980
Worked outside VA 26 972138.30 37389.9346
Written employment agreement 169 410669.08 2429.9946
False Claim 282 394320.84 1398.3009
Subcontractor 183 380365.38 2078.4993
Employee status 127 195635.67 1540.4383
Overtime pay 36 72883.88 2024.5522
Collective Bargaining Agreement 71 72385.36 1019.5121
Not Seeking Wages 20 37638.85 1881.9425
Company Officer/Owner 7 31286.46 4469.4943
Form errors 25 29303.03 1172.1212
Did not demand wages 14 26165.84 1868.9886
Court Case 10 25342.73 2534.2730
No violation 14 20521.67 1465.8336
Attorney Involvement 7 12019.75 1717.1071
Federal Property / Military Base 5 9584.64 1916.9280
Wages found to be paid 8 7505.33 938.1662
Tips 8 6988.70 873.5875
Government employee 5 6347.85 1269.5700
Over two year limit 3 5511.53 1837.1767
Minimum Wage 5 3301.42 660.2840
Wages paid 1 3000.00 3000.0000
Unknown/Unclear 2 2840.00 1420.0000
Insufficient proof 3 1984.45 661.4833
Criminal issue 1 1381.53 1381.5300
Other 1 700.00 700.0000

Here are the average and total amounts claimed by reason for finding a claim undetermined:

lajc_undetermined_claimed <- lajc_undetermined %>%
  group_by(recoded_reason_lajc) %>%
  summarize(`Frequency of reason` = n(),
            `Total wages claimed` = sum(claim_amount),
            `Average wages claimed` = mean(claim_amount)) %>%
  na.omit() %>%
  rename(Reason = recoded_reason_lajc) %>%
  arrange(-`Total wages claimed`)
kable(lajc_undetermined_claimed)
Reason Frequency of reason Total wages claimed Average wages claimed
Written employment agreement 531 1604972.96 3022.5479
Over $15000 40 1446849.87 36171.2467
Informal resolution 571 687713.05 1204.4011
Attorney Involvement 30 399169.22 13305.6407
Employee status 103 336224.54 3264.3159
Closed Business 126 300279.39 2383.1698
Wages paid 304 288061.84 947.5718
Insufficient proof 117 237584.50 2030.6368
Other 117 231982.54 1982.7568
Overtime pay 120 226812.10 1890.1008
Over two year limit 23 176312.27 7665.7509
Claimant unresponsive 137 162415.26 1185.5128
Company Officer/Owner 20 138048.23 6902.4115
Court Case 35 94935.69 2712.4483
Form errors 155 94814.66 611.7075
Unknown/Unclear 28 93181.61 3327.9146
Worked outside VA 44 90875.57 2065.3539
Minimum Wage 23 82856.64 3602.4626
Did not demand wages 47 74605.93 1587.3602
Federal Property / Military Base 19 44336.92 2333.5221
Bankruptcy 20 43944.77 2197.2385
Employer can’t be located 31 36839.61 1188.3745
Not Seeking Wages 15 36337.54 2422.5027
Tips 24 30142.27 1255.9279
Criminal issue 25 26117.11 1044.6844
Individual Liability 10 23301.68 2330.1680
Wages found to be paid 7 20312.46 2901.7800
Bad Checks 7 9174.51 1310.6443
No violation 3 4331.73 1443.9100
Settlement 2 1069.00 534.5000
Government employee 1 925.00 925.0000
Collective Bargaining Agreement 2 842.60 421.3000

Duration of cases by reason

Here are the average and total amount of time between the opening and closing of each case by reason for finding a claim invalid:

lajc_invalid_claimed <- lajc_invalid %>%
  group_by(recoded_reason_lajc) %>%
  summarize(`Frequency of reason` = n(),
            `Average duration` = mean(duration)) %>%
  na.omit() %>%
  rename(Reason = recoded_reason_lajc) %>%
  arrange(-`Average duration`)
kable(lajc_invalid_claimed)
Reason Frequency of reason Average duration
Wages paid 1 49.0000000 days
No violation 14 44.2142857 days
Wages found to be paid 8 31.6250000 days
Criminal issue 1 29.0000000 days
Insufficient proof 3 23.0000000 days
False Claim 282 21.8014184 days
Other 1 17.0000000 days
Collective Bargaining Agreement 71 11.6338028 days
Not Seeking Wages 20 9.5000000 days
Subcontractor 183 5.7267760 days
Court Case 10 4.7000000 days
Over $15000 5 3.6000000 days
Employee status 127 3.1181102 days
Overtime pay 36 2.0000000 days
Minimum Wage 5 1.8000000 days
Tips 8 1.3750000 days
Worked outside VA 26 1.1923077 days
Company Officer/Owner 7 0.7142857 days
Written employment agreement 169 0.3017751 days
Federal Property / Military Base 5 0.2000000 days
Form errors 25 0.1200000 days
Attorney Involvement 7 0.0000000 days
Did not demand wages 14 0.0000000 days
Government employee 5 0.0000000 days
Over two year limit 3 0.0000000 days
Unknown/Unclear 2 0.0000000 days

Here are the average and total amount of time between the opening and closing of each case by reason for finding a claim undetermined:

lajc_undetermined_claimed <- lajc_undetermined %>%
  group_by(recoded_reason_lajc) %>%
  summarize(`Frequency of reason` = n(),
            `Average duration` = mean(duration)) %>%
  na.omit() %>%
  rename(Reason = recoded_reason_lajc) %>%
  arrange(-`Average duration`) %>%
  na.omit()
kable(lajc_undetermined_claimed)
Reason Frequency of reason Average duration
Bankruptcy 20 41.7500000 days
Informal resolution 571 40.9387040 days
Employer can’t be located 31 35.9032258 days
Insufficient proof 117 35.7948718 days
Other 117 32.9145299 days
No violation 3 23.3333333 days
Settlement 2 21.5000000 days
Unknown/Unclear 28 20.4285714 days
Individual Liability 10 18.6000000 days
Claimant unresponsive 137 18.1897810 days
Court Case 35 16.0000000 days
Wages paid 304 15.4802632 days
Criminal issue 25 15.2000000 days
Closed Business 126 13.2460317 days
Employee status 103 12.8737864 days
Wages found to be paid 7 11.1428571 days
Tips 24 5.3333333 days
Bad Checks 7 4.2857143 days
Overtime pay 120 4.2250000 days
Not Seeking Wages 15 4.0000000 days
Attorney Involvement 30 3.9666667 days
Federal Property / Military Base 19 2.2105263 days
Written employment agreement 531 2.0903955 days
Company Officer/Owner 20 0.9000000 days
Minimum Wage 23 0.8260870 days
Form errors 155 0.7806452 days
Over $15000 40 0.5250000 days
Worked outside VA 44 0.5227273 days
Collective Bargaining Agreement 2 0.5000000 days
Did not demand wages 47 0.1489362 days
Over two year limit 23 0.0869565 days
Government employee 1 0.0000000 days

Geographic distribution of wage claims

lajc_geo <- lajc %>%
  mutate(valid = (determination=="Valid"),
         invalid = (determination=="Invalid"),
         undet = (determination=="Undetermined")) %>%
  group_by(employercity_county) %>%
  summarize(Population = round(mean(employercountypop)),
            `Total employers named in claims` = n(),
            `Employers named in valid claims` = sum(valid),
            `Employers named in invalid claims` = sum(invalid),
            `Employers named in undetermined claims` = sum(undet),
            `Workers located outside of VA` = sum(complainantoutofstate),
            `Workers whose home state is not recorded by DOLI` = sum(complainantstatenotcoded)) %>%
  rename(`Employer city/county` = employercity_county)

lajc_geo2 <- lajc %>%
  mutate(valid = (determination=="Valid"),
         invalid = (determination=="Invalid"),
         undet = (determination=="Undetermined")) %>%
  group_by(complainantcity_county) %>%
  summarize(Population = round(mean(complainantcountypop)),
            `Total workers named in claims` = n(),
            `Workers named in valid claims` = sum(valid),
            `Workers named in invalid claims` = sum(invalid),
            `Workers named in undetermined claims` = sum(undet),
            `Employers located outside of VA` = sum(employeroutofstate),
            `Employers whose home state is not recorded by DOLI` = sum(employerstatenotcoded)) %>%
  rename(`Worker city/county` = complainantcity_county)

write_csv(lajc_geo, "employer_county.csv")
write_csv(lajc_geo2, "worker_county.csv")

Here’s a table of the number of claims with each determination by employer location:

lajc_geo <- lajc %>%
  count(employercity_county, determination) %>%
  rename(`City/County` = employercity_county) %>%
  spread(key = "determination", value = "n", fill=0) %>%
  mutate(Total = Valid + Invalid + Undetermined) %>%
  arrange(-Total) %>%
  na.omit() 
kable(lajc_geo)
City/County Undetermined Invalid Valid Total
Fairfax County 297 91 24 412
Virginia Beach city 200 68 6 274
Prince William County 130 118 7 255
Henrico County 133 60 10 203
Richmond city 125 62 10 197
Chesterfield County 145 38 4 187
Loudoun County 124 29 7 160
Chesapeake city 104 30 21 155
Norfolk city 84 37 3 124
Newport News city 83 21 4 108
Hampton city 61 17 2 80
Spotsylvania County 37 17 6 60
Hanover County 40 17 2 59
Arlington County 42 10 5 57
Portsmouth city 39 17 0 56
Stafford County 38 16 1 55
Alexandria city 31 18 0 49
Albemarle County 40 7 1 48
Montgomery County 37 9 0 46
Fauquier County 38 5 0 43
Roanoke city 28 9 5 42
Frederick County 26 5 0 31
Roanoke County 20 8 3 31
York County 24 6 1 31
Fredericksburg city 19 5 5 29
Petersburg city 18 8 2 28
Lynchburg city 21 4 1 26
Martinsville city 13 10 3 26
Mecklenburg County 17 7 0 24
Goochland County 13 9 1 23
Williamsburg city 13 8 2 23
Anne Arundel County 18 4 0 22
Salem city 15 5 1 21
Warren County 12 8 1 21
Colonial Heights city 15 4 1 20
Bedford County 17 2 0 19
Suffolk city 11 7 1 19
Danville city 15 3 0 18
James City County 13 2 3 18
Winchester city 11 7 0 18
Waynesboro city 12 5 0 17
Prince George’s County 8 6 2 16
Washington County 12 2 1 15
Appomattox County 13 0 1 14
Harrisonburg city 9 3 1 13
Orange County 5 6 2 13
Staunton city 9 3 1 13
Greene County 12 0 0 12
Rockingham County 8 3 1 12
Botetourt County 10 1 0 11
Culpeper County 5 6 0 11
District of Columbia 8 3 0 11
Henry County 4 7 0 11
Hopewell city 9 1 1 11
Prince George County 7 4 0 11
Shenandoah County 9 2 0 11
Augusta County 7 2 1 10
Campbell County 7 2 1 10
Falls Church city 7 2 1 10
Gloucester County 9 1 0 10
Halifax County 9 1 0 10
Isle of Wight County 8 1 1 10
Louisa County 5 3 1 9
Manassas Park city 7 2 0 9
Middlesex County 3 5 1 9
Wythe County 7 1 1 9
Caroline County 7 1 0 8
Clarke County 7 0 1 8
Fluvanna County 5 3 0 8
Franklin city 7 1 0 8
Harris County 5 3 0 8
Franklin County 4 3 0 7
Fulton County 5 2 0 7
New York County 6 1 0 7
Nottoway County 7 0 0 7
Pittsylvania County 7 0 0 7
Prince Edward County 4 3 0 7
Amelia County 4 2 0 6
Bedford city 6 0 0 6
Cobb County 5 1 0 6
Greensville County 6 0 0 6
King George County 3 3 0 6
Lancaster County 5 1 0 6
Pulaski County 5 1 0 6
Russell County 5 1 0 6
Westmoreland County 3 3 0 6
Wise County 3 3 0 6
Accomack County 2 1 2 5
Bristol city 5 0 0 5
Charles County 5 0 0 5
King William County 4 1 0 5
Los Angeles County 3 2 0 5
Marin County 1 4 0 5
New Kent County 3 2 0 5
Smyth County 5 0 0 5
Wake County 1 3 1 5
Allegheny County 1 3 0 4
Brunswick County 3 1 0 4
Charles City County 2 2 0 4
Cook County 2 2 0 4
Cuyahoga County 4 0 0 4
Greenville County 3 1 0 4
Poquoson city 3 1 0 4
Powhatan County 2 2 0 4
Rockbridge County 4 0 0 4
Shelby County 1 3 0 4
Sussex County 3 1 0 4
Tazewell County 3 1 0 4
Yavapai County 4 0 0 4
Amherst County 2 1 0 3
Broward County 2 1 0 3
Buckingham County 1 1 1 3
Carroll County 3 0 0 3
East Baton Rouge Parish 0 3 0 3
Forsyth County 2 1 0 3
Gwinnett County 1 2 0 3
Howard County 0 3 0 3
Manassas city 3 0 0 3
Oakland County 2 1 0 3
Page County 3 0 0 3
Palm Beach County 2 1 0 3
Patrick County 0 3 0 3
San Bernardino County 2 1 0 3
San Francisco County 1 2 0 3
Summit County 0 3 0 3
Williamson County 3 0 0 3
Alleghany County 2 0 0 2
Berkeley County 2 0 0 2
Bucks County 0 2 0 2
Buena Vista city 0 1 1 2
Camden County 0 1 1 2
Catawba County 2 0 0 2
Charlotte County 1 1 0 2
Cumberland County 1 1 0 2
Dallas County 1 1 0 2
Dinwiddie County 2 0 0 2
DuPage County 0 2 0 2
Durham County 1 1 0 2
Galax city 1 0 1 2
Hillsborough County 2 0 0 2
Hudson County 2 0 0 2
Kent County 2 0 0 2
King County 1 1 0 2
Lunenburg County 1 1 0 2
Martin County 2 0 0 2
Nassau County 2 0 0 2
Pasquotank County 2 0 0 2
Philadelphia County 1 1 0 2
Radford city 2 0 0 2
Rappahannock County 1 1 0 2
Scott County 2 0 0 2
Suffolk County 0 2 0 2
Sumter County 1 1 0 2
Wicomico County 1 0 1 2
Anchorage Municipality 1 0 0 1
Arapahoe County 0 1 0 1
Baltimore city 0 1 0 1
Baltimore County 0 1 0 1
Boyle County 1 0 0 1
Brevard County 1 0 0 1
Broome County 1 0 0 1
Brown County 1 0 0 1
Buchanan County 1 0 0 1
Cambria County 0 1 0 1
Charlottesville city 1 0 0 1
Cherokee County 0 1 0 1
Clark County 1 0 0 1
Clayton County 0 1 0 1
Craig County 1 0 0 1
Currituck County 1 0 0 1
Dane County 1 0 0 1
Dare County 0 1 0 1
Dauphin County 0 1 0 1
Davidson County 1 0 0 1
Daviess County 1 0 0 1
DeKalb County 0 1 0 1
Erie County 1 0 0 1
Essex County 1 0 0 1
Floyd County 0 1 0 1
Fort Bend County 1 0 0 1
Giles County 0 0 1 1
Guilford County 0 1 0 1
Hamilton County 1 0 0 1
Hartford County 0 1 0 1
Hennepin County 0 1 0 1
Iredell County 1 0 0 1
Jackson County 1 0 0 1
Kanawha County 1 0 0 1
Lexington County 1 0 0 1
Logan County 1 0 0 1
Lucas County 0 1 0 1
Luzerne County 0 1 0 1
Madison County 0 1 0 1
Maricopa County 1 0 0 1
Mathews County 1 0 0 1
Merrimack County 1 0 0 1
Miami-Dade County 0 0 1 1
Monmouth County 1 0 0 1
Multnomah County 0 1 0 1
Nelson County 0 1 0 1
New Castle County 0 1 0 1
Northumberland County 1 0 0 1
Norton city 0 1 0 1
Osceola County 0 1 0 1
Perquimans County 1 0 0 1
Pinellas County 1 0 0 1
Pitt County 0 1 0 1
Providence County 1 0 0 1
Randolph County 1 0 0 1
Richmond County 1 0 0 1
Sacramento County 1 0 0 1
Salt Lake County 0 1 0 1
Santa Clara County 1 0 0 1
Sauk County 1 0 0 1
Seminole County 1 0 0 1
Southampton County 1 0 0 1
St. Charles County 0 1 0 1
St. Joseph County 1 0 0 1
St. Louis city 1 0 0 1
St. Louis County 1 0 0 1
Sullivan County 1 0 0 1
Surry County 1 0 0 1
Tompkins County 1 0 0 1
Travis County 0 1 0 1
Uintah County 1 0 0 1
Utah County 1 0 0 1
Vanderburgh County 1 0 0 1
Walker County 1 0 0 1
Waukesha County 1 0 0 1
Westchester County 1 0 0 1

Here’s the same table, with the number of claims per 1000 people:

lajc_geo2 <- lajc %>%
  group_by(employercity_county, determination) %>%
  summarize(pop = mean(employercountypop/1000),
            prop = n()/pop) %>%
  rename(`City/County` = employercity_county) %>%
  spread(key = "determination", value = "prop", fill=0) %>%
  mutate(Total = Valid + Invalid + Undetermined,
         Total = round(Total, 2),
         Valid = round(Valid, 2),
         Invalid = round(Invalid, 2),
         Undetermined = round(Undetermined, 2),
         pop = round(pop*1000)) %>%
  rename(Population = pop,
         `Undetermined per 1000 people` = Undetermined,
         `Invalid per 1000 people` = Invalid,
         `Valid per 1000 people` = Valid,
         `Total claims per 1000 people` = Total) %>%
  arrange(-`Total claims per 1000 people`) %>%
  na.omit()

kable(lajc_geo)
City/County Undetermined Invalid Valid Total
Fairfax County 297 91 24 412
Virginia Beach city 200 68 6 274
Prince William County 130 118 7 255
Henrico County 133 60 10 203
Richmond city 125 62 10 197
Chesterfield County 145 38 4 187
Loudoun County 124 29 7 160
Chesapeake city 104 30 21 155
Norfolk city 84 37 3 124
Newport News city 83 21 4 108
Hampton city 61 17 2 80
Spotsylvania County 37 17 6 60
Hanover County 40 17 2 59
Arlington County 42 10 5 57
Portsmouth city 39 17 0 56
Stafford County 38 16 1 55
Alexandria city 31 18 0 49
Albemarle County 40 7 1 48
Montgomery County 37 9 0 46
Fauquier County 38 5 0 43
Roanoke city 28 9 5 42
Frederick County 26 5 0 31
Roanoke County 20 8 3 31
York County 24 6 1 31
Fredericksburg city 19 5 5 29
Petersburg city 18 8 2 28
Lynchburg city 21 4 1 26
Martinsville city 13 10 3 26
Mecklenburg County 17 7 0 24
Goochland County 13 9 1 23
Williamsburg city 13 8 2 23
Anne Arundel County 18 4 0 22
Salem city 15 5 1 21
Warren County 12 8 1 21
Colonial Heights city 15 4 1 20
Bedford County 17 2 0 19
Suffolk city 11 7 1 19
Danville city 15 3 0 18
James City County 13 2 3 18
Winchester city 11 7 0 18
Waynesboro city 12 5 0 17
Prince George’s County 8 6 2 16
Washington County 12 2 1 15
Appomattox County 13 0 1 14
Harrisonburg city 9 3 1 13
Orange County 5 6 2 13
Staunton city 9 3 1 13
Greene County 12 0 0 12
Rockingham County 8 3 1 12
Botetourt County 10 1 0 11
Culpeper County 5 6 0 11
District of Columbia 8 3 0 11
Henry County 4 7 0 11
Hopewell city 9 1 1 11
Prince George County 7 4 0 11
Shenandoah County 9 2 0 11
Augusta County 7 2 1 10
Campbell County 7 2 1 10
Falls Church city 7 2 1 10
Gloucester County 9 1 0 10
Halifax County 9 1 0 10
Isle of Wight County 8 1 1 10
Louisa County 5 3 1 9
Manassas Park city 7 2 0 9
Middlesex County 3 5 1 9
Wythe County 7 1 1 9
Caroline County 7 1 0 8
Clarke County 7 0 1 8
Fluvanna County 5 3 0 8
Franklin city 7 1 0 8
Harris County 5 3 0 8
Franklin County 4 3 0 7
Fulton County 5 2 0 7
New York County 6 1 0 7
Nottoway County 7 0 0 7
Pittsylvania County 7 0 0 7
Prince Edward County 4 3 0 7
Amelia County 4 2 0 6
Bedford city 6 0 0 6
Cobb County 5 1 0 6
Greensville County 6 0 0 6
King George County 3 3 0 6
Lancaster County 5 1 0 6
Pulaski County 5 1 0 6
Russell County 5 1 0 6
Westmoreland County 3 3 0 6
Wise County 3 3 0 6
Accomack County 2 1 2 5
Bristol city 5 0 0 5
Charles County 5 0 0 5
King William County 4 1 0 5
Los Angeles County 3 2 0 5
Marin County 1 4 0 5
New Kent County 3 2 0 5
Smyth County 5 0 0 5
Wake County 1 3 1 5
Allegheny County 1 3 0 4
Brunswick County 3 1 0 4
Charles City County 2 2 0 4
Cook County 2 2 0 4
Cuyahoga County 4 0 0 4
Greenville County 3 1 0 4
Poquoson city 3 1 0 4
Powhatan County 2 2 0 4
Rockbridge County 4 0 0 4
Shelby County 1 3 0 4
Sussex County 3 1 0 4
Tazewell County 3 1 0 4
Yavapai County 4 0 0 4
Amherst County 2 1 0 3
Broward County 2 1 0 3
Buckingham County 1 1 1 3
Carroll County 3 0 0 3
East Baton Rouge Parish 0 3 0 3
Forsyth County 2 1 0 3
Gwinnett County 1 2 0 3
Howard County 0 3 0 3
Manassas city 3 0 0 3
Oakland County 2 1 0 3
Page County 3 0 0 3
Palm Beach County 2 1 0 3
Patrick County 0 3 0 3
San Bernardino County 2 1 0 3
San Francisco County 1 2 0 3
Summit County 0 3 0 3
Williamson County 3 0 0 3
Alleghany County 2 0 0 2
Berkeley County 2 0 0 2
Bucks County 0 2 0 2
Buena Vista city 0 1 1 2
Camden County 0 1 1 2
Catawba County 2 0 0 2
Charlotte County 1 1 0 2
Cumberland County 1 1 0 2
Dallas County 1 1 0 2
Dinwiddie County 2 0 0 2
DuPage County 0 2 0 2
Durham County 1 1 0 2
Galax city 1 0 1 2
Hillsborough County 2 0 0 2
Hudson County 2 0 0 2
Kent County 2 0 0 2
King County 1 1 0 2
Lunenburg County 1 1 0 2
Martin County 2 0 0 2
Nassau County 2 0 0 2
Pasquotank County 2 0 0 2
Philadelphia County 1 1 0 2
Radford city 2 0 0 2
Rappahannock County 1 1 0 2
Scott County 2 0 0 2
Suffolk County 0 2 0 2
Sumter County 1 1 0 2
Wicomico County 1 0 1 2
Anchorage Municipality 1 0 0 1
Arapahoe County 0 1 0 1
Baltimore city 0 1 0 1
Baltimore County 0 1 0 1
Boyle County 1 0 0 1
Brevard County 1 0 0 1
Broome County 1 0 0 1
Brown County 1 0 0 1
Buchanan County 1 0 0 1
Cambria County 0 1 0 1
Charlottesville city 1 0 0 1
Cherokee County 0 1 0 1
Clark County 1 0 0 1
Clayton County 0 1 0 1
Craig County 1 0 0 1
Currituck County 1 0 0 1
Dane County 1 0 0 1
Dare County 0 1 0 1
Dauphin County 0 1 0 1
Davidson County 1 0 0 1
Daviess County 1 0 0 1
DeKalb County 0 1 0 1
Erie County 1 0 0 1
Essex County 1 0 0 1
Floyd County 0 1 0 1
Fort Bend County 1 0 0 1
Giles County 0 0 1 1
Guilford County 0 1 0 1
Hamilton County 1 0 0 1
Hartford County 0 1 0 1
Hennepin County 0 1 0 1
Iredell County 1 0 0 1
Jackson County 1 0 0 1
Kanawha County 1 0 0 1
Lexington County 1 0 0 1
Logan County 1 0 0 1
Lucas County 0 1 0 1
Luzerne County 0 1 0 1
Madison County 0 1 0 1
Maricopa County 1 0 0 1
Mathews County 1 0 0 1
Merrimack County 1 0 0 1
Miami-Dade County 0 0 1 1
Monmouth County 1 0 0 1
Multnomah County 0 1 0 1
Nelson County 0 1 0 1
New Castle County 0 1 0 1
Northumberland County 1 0 0 1
Norton city 0 1 0 1
Osceola County 0 1 0 1
Perquimans County 1 0 0 1
Pinellas County 1 0 0 1
Pitt County 0 1 0 1
Providence County 1 0 0 1
Randolph County 1 0 0 1
Richmond County 1 0 0 1
Sacramento County 1 0 0 1
Salt Lake County 0 1 0 1
Santa Clara County 1 0 0 1
Sauk County 1 0 0 1
Seminole County 1 0 0 1
Southampton County 1 0 0 1
St. Charles County 0 1 0 1
St. Joseph County 1 0 0 1
St. Louis city 1 0 0 1
St. Louis County 1 0 0 1
Sullivan County 1 0 0 1
Surry County 1 0 0 1
Tompkins County 1 0 0 1
Travis County 0 1 0 1
Uintah County 1 0 0 1
Utah County 1 0 0 1
Vanderburgh County 1 0 0 1
Walker County 1 0 0 1
Waukesha County 1 0 0 1
Westchester County 1 0 0 1

Here’s a table of the number of claims with each determination by complainant location:

lajc_geo <- lajc %>%
  count(complainantcity_county, determination) %>%
  rename(`City/County` = complainantcity_county) %>%
  spread(key = "determination", value = "n", fill=0) %>%
  mutate(Total = Valid + Invalid + Undetermined) %>%
  arrange(-Total) %>%
  na.omit()
kable(lajc_geo)
City/County Undetermined Invalid Valid Total
Fairfax County 221 72 15 308
Prince William County 165 97 8 270
Virginia Beach city 168 66 10 244
Richmond city 160 67 11 238
Chesterfield County 142 47 5 194
Henrico County 106 45 8 159
Norfolk city 108 42 8 158
Newport News city 98 25 5 128
Loudoun County 89 19 2 110
Chesapeake city 80 20 4 104
Hampton city 61 26 3 90
Portsmouth city 56 17 5 78
Spotsylvania County 50 22 5 77
Stafford County 36 28 1 65
Prince George’s County 44 18 1 63
Montgomery County 44 16 2 62
Roanoke city 36 14 6 56
Arlington County 40 14 1 55
Suffolk city 34 10 5 49
Alexandria city 30 13 2 45
Hanover County 28 13 1 42
Albemarle County 34 6 1 41
Fauquier County 29 7 0 36
Lynchburg city 21 10 2 33
Petersburg city 23 9 0 32
District of Columbia 21 5 3 29
Frederick County 23 4 2 29
Roanoke County 22 4 1 27
Gloucester County 22 2 1 25
Goochland County 17 7 0 24
Caroline County 11 6 4 21
Warren County 17 4 0 21
Augusta County 13 5 2 20
Louisa County 12 6 0 18
York County 17 1 0 18
Mecklenburg County 12 5 0 17
Colonial Heights city 12 3 1 16
Rockingham County 14 1 1 16
Washington County 11 2 3 16
Williamsburg city 7 8 1 16
Franklin County 9 5 1 15
Fredericksburg city 12 1 2 15
Waynesboro city 10 4 1 15
James City County 6 5 3 14
Manassas Park city 8 4 2 14
Shenandoah County 12 2 0 14
Winchester city 10 4 0 14
Bedford County 9 4 0 13
Culpeper County 8 4 1 13
Danville city 9 4 0 13
King George County 6 7 0 13
Prince Edward County 10 3 0 13
Salem city 7 4 2 13
Westmoreland County 8 4 1 13
Amherst County 10 2 0 12
Henry County 6 4 2 12
Hopewell city 4 5 3 12
Prince George County 5 7 0 12
Staunton city 7 4 1 12
Berkeley County 8 3 0 11
Botetourt County 8 3 0 11
Martinsville city 7 4 0 11
Pittsylvania County 8 2 1 11
Wythe County 10 1 0 11
Bedford city 10 0 0 10
Campbell County 8 2 0 10
Greene County 9 1 0 10
Halifax County 9 1 0 10
New Kent County 7 3 0 10
Page County 6 4 0 10
Pasquotank County 7 3 0 10
Dinwiddie County 7 2 0 9
Franklin city 7 2 0 9
Wise County 5 4 0 9
Accomack County 3 2 3 8
Buckingham County 5 2 1 8
Clarke County 5 2 1 8
Isle of Wight County 6 2 0 8
Poquoson city 5 3 0 8
Charles County 6 0 1 7
Jefferson County 6 1 0 7
Lancaster County 5 2 0 7
Madison County 4 3 0 7
Orange County 3 2 2 7
Radford city 4 2 1 7
Alleghany County 3 1 2 6
Anne Arundel County 4 1 1 6
Appomattox County 4 2 0 6
Brunswick County 5 1 0 6
Currituck County 5 1 0 6
Fluvanna County 4 2 0 6
Gates County 5 0 1 6
Greensville County 5 1 0 6
Hampshire County 2 4 0 6
Powhatan County 5 1 0 6
Tazewell County 6 0 0 6
Carroll County 2 1 2 5
Charles City County 3 2 0 5
Craig County 2 3 0 5
Cumberland County 3 2 0 5
Essex County 4 1 0 5
Granville County 5 0 0 5
Hardy County 4 1 0 5
Harrisonburg city 2 3 0 5
King William County 3 2 0 5
Lee County 4 1 0 5
Smyth County 4 1 0 5
Southampton County 3 2 0 5
Surry County 5 0 0 5
Dare County 2 1 1 4
Galax city 3 0 1 4
Guilford County 3 1 0 4
Howard County 3 1 0 4
Mathews County 3 1 0 4
Middlesex County 3 1 0 4
Northampton County 3 1 0 4
Patrick County 2 2 0 4
Pulaski County 4 0 0 4
Rappahannock County 3 1 0 4
Russell County 3 1 0 4
Wayne County 3 1 0 4
Amelia County 1 2 0 3
Baltimore County 2 1 0 3
Camden County 2 1 0 3
Charlotte County 1 1 1 3
Floyd County 2 1 0 3
Harris County 1 2 0 3
Kent County 3 0 0 3
King and Queen County 2 1 0 3
Kings County 3 0 0 3
Lunenburg County 2 1 0 3
Morgan County 2 1 0 3
Richmond County 2 1 0 3
San Bernardino County 2 0 1 3
Sullivan County 3 0 0 3
Sussex County 2 0 1 3
Alameda County 1 1 0 2
Allegheny County 2 0 0 2
Barnes County 2 0 0 2
Benton County 1 1 0 2
Bertie County 2 0 0 2
Bronx County 1 1 0 2
Buena Vista city 2 0 0 2
Cook County 1 1 0 2
Dickenson County 1 1 0 2
Durham County 2 0 0 2
Forsyth County 0 1 1 2
Fresno County 1 1 0 2
Hamilton County 0 2 0 2
Harford County 2 0 0 2
Hernando County 2 0 0 2
Hillsborough County 1 1 0 2
Kanawha County 0 2 0 2
Los Angeles County 2 0 0 2
Mason County 1 1 0 2
Mercer County 1 1 0 2
Nelson County 1 1 0 2
Norfolk County 1 1 0 2
Nottoway County 1 1 0 2
Philadelphia County 2 0 0 2
Plymouth County 1 1 0 2
Raleigh County 1 1 0 2
Robeson County 1 1 0 2
Sacramento County 1 0 1 2
Wake County 0 2 0 2
Alamance County 0 1 0 1
Allen County 0 1 0 1
Aroostook County 1 0 0 1
Athens County 0 1 0 1
Autauga County 1 0 0 1
Baldwin County 0 1 0 1
Baltimore city 1 0 0 1
Bath County 1 0 0 1
Beaufort County 1 0 0 1
Bell County 0 1 0 1
Bergen County 1 0 0 1
Bernalillo County 1 0 0 1
Blanco County 0 1 0 1
Brazos County 1 0 0 1
Brevard County 0 1 0 1
Bristol city 1 0 0 1
Buchanan County 1 0 0 1
Buncombe County 0 1 0 1
Butts County 1 0 0 1
Calvert County 0 1 0 1
Cambria County 0 1 0 1
Carter County 1 0 0 1
Carteret County 0 1 0 1
Charleston County 1 0 0 1
Chester County 1 0 0 1
Chowan County 1 0 0 1
Clark County 1 0 0 1
Clayton County 1 0 0 1
Clearfield County 1 0 0 1
Cobb County 0 1 0 1
Collier County 1 0 0 1
Coweta County 1 0 0 1
Dallas County 0 1 0 1
Delaware County 1 0 0 1
Denver County 1 0 0 1
Dorchester County 0 1 0 1
Douglas County 0 1 0 1
Duval County 1 0 0 1
Edgecombe County 0 1 0 1
El Paso County 1 0 0 1
Erie County 1 0 0 1
Fairfield County 1 0 0 1
Falls Church city 1 0 0 1
Fort Bend County 1 0 0 1
Galveston County 0 1 0 1
Genesee County 1 0 0 1
Glynn County 1 0 0 1
Grayson County 1 0 0 1
Greenville County 1 0 0 1
Gregg County 1 0 0 1
Grundy County 1 0 0 1
Gwinnett County 1 0 0 1
Hart County 0 1 0 1
Hendricks County 0 1 0 1
Hennepin County 0 1 0 1
Hot Springs County 0 1 0 1
Johnson County 0 1 0 1
Lehigh County 1 0 0 1
Livingston Parish 0 1 0 1
Logan County 1 0 0 1
Macomb County 1 0 0 1
Mahoning County 1 0 0 1
Martin County 0 1 0 1
McDowell County 0 1 0 1
Mobile County 1 0 0 1
Moore County 0 1 0 1
Morris County 1 0 0 1
Nash County 1 0 0 1
New Haven County 0 1 0 1
New York County 1 0 0 1
Nez Perce County 1 0 0 1
Nicholas County 1 0 0 1
Norton city 1 0 0 1
Onondaga County 1 0 0 1
Osceola County 1 0 0 1
Palm Beach County 1 0 0 1
Pierce County 0 1 0 1
Pinellas County 1 0 0 1
Pitt County 0 1 0 1
Randolph County 0 1 0 1
Rockbridge County 1 0 0 1
Rutherford County 0 0 1 1
San Luis Obispo County 0 1 0 1
Solano County 0 1 0 1
St. Louis County 1 0 0 1
St. Mary’s County 1 0 0 1
Suffolk County 0 1 0 1
Tishomingo County 1 0 0 1
Tolland County 0 1 0 1
Tompkins County 1 0 0 1
Tulare County 1 0 0 1
Walker County 1 0 0 1
Wicomico County 1 0 0 1
Will County 1 0 0 1
Wilson County 1 0 0 1
Wyandotte County 1 0 0 1
Yavapai County 1 0 0 1

Here’s the same table, with the number of claims per 1000 people:

lajc_geo2 <- lajc %>%
  group_by(complainantcity_county, determination) %>%
  summarize(pop = mean(complainantcountypop/1000),
            prop = n()/pop) %>%
  rename(`City/County` = complainantcity_county) %>%
  spread(key = "determination", value = "prop", fill=0) %>%
  mutate(Total = Valid + Invalid + Undetermined,
         Total = round(Total, 2),
         Valid = round(Valid, 2),
         Invalid = round(Invalid, 2),
         Undetermined = round(Undetermined, 2),
         pop = round(pop*1000)) %>%
  rename(Population = pop,
         `Undetermined per 1000 people` = Undetermined,
         `Invalid per 1000 people` = Invalid,
         `Valid per 1000 people` = Valid,
         `Total claims per 1000 people` = Total) %>%
  arrange(-`Total claims per 1000 people`) %>%
  na.omit()

kable(lajc_geo)
City/County Undetermined Invalid Valid Total
Fairfax County 221 72 15 308
Prince William County 165 97 8 270
Virginia Beach city 168 66 10 244
Richmond city 160 67 11 238
Chesterfield County 142 47 5 194
Henrico County 106 45 8 159
Norfolk city 108 42 8 158
Newport News city 98 25 5 128
Loudoun County 89 19 2 110
Chesapeake city 80 20 4 104
Hampton city 61 26 3 90
Portsmouth city 56 17 5 78
Spotsylvania County 50 22 5 77
Stafford County 36 28 1 65
Prince George’s County 44 18 1 63
Montgomery County 44 16 2 62
Roanoke city 36 14 6 56
Arlington County 40 14 1 55
Suffolk city 34 10 5 49
Alexandria city 30 13 2 45
Hanover County 28 13 1 42
Albemarle County 34 6 1 41
Fauquier County 29 7 0 36
Lynchburg city 21 10 2 33
Petersburg city 23 9 0 32
District of Columbia 21 5 3 29
Frederick County 23 4 2 29
Roanoke County 22 4 1 27
Gloucester County 22 2 1 25
Goochland County 17 7 0 24
Caroline County 11 6 4 21
Warren County 17 4 0 21
Augusta County 13 5 2 20
Louisa County 12 6 0 18
York County 17 1 0 18
Mecklenburg County 12 5 0 17
Colonial Heights city 12 3 1 16
Rockingham County 14 1 1 16
Washington County 11 2 3 16
Williamsburg city 7 8 1 16
Franklin County 9 5 1 15
Fredericksburg city 12 1 2 15
Waynesboro city 10 4 1 15
James City County 6 5 3 14
Manassas Park city 8 4 2 14
Shenandoah County 12 2 0 14
Winchester city 10 4 0 14
Bedford County 9 4 0 13
Culpeper County 8 4 1 13
Danville city 9 4 0 13
King George County 6 7 0 13
Prince Edward County 10 3 0 13
Salem city 7 4 2 13
Westmoreland County 8 4 1 13
Amherst County 10 2 0 12
Henry County 6 4 2 12
Hopewell city 4 5 3 12
Prince George County 5 7 0 12
Staunton city 7 4 1 12
Berkeley County 8 3 0 11
Botetourt County 8 3 0 11
Martinsville city 7 4 0 11
Pittsylvania County 8 2 1 11
Wythe County 10 1 0 11
Bedford city 10 0 0 10
Campbell County 8 2 0 10
Greene County 9 1 0 10
Halifax County 9 1 0 10
New Kent County 7 3 0 10
Page County 6 4 0 10
Pasquotank County 7 3 0 10
Dinwiddie County 7 2 0 9
Franklin city 7 2 0 9
Wise County 5 4 0 9
Accomack County 3 2 3 8
Buckingham County 5 2 1 8
Clarke County 5 2 1 8
Isle of Wight County 6 2 0 8
Poquoson city 5 3 0 8
Charles County 6 0 1 7
Jefferson County 6 1 0 7
Lancaster County 5 2 0 7
Madison County 4 3 0 7
Orange County 3 2 2 7
Radford city 4 2 1 7
Alleghany County 3 1 2 6
Anne Arundel County 4 1 1 6
Appomattox County 4 2 0 6
Brunswick County 5 1 0 6
Currituck County 5 1 0 6
Fluvanna County 4 2 0 6
Gates County 5 0 1 6
Greensville County 5 1 0 6
Hampshire County 2 4 0 6
Powhatan County 5 1 0 6
Tazewell County 6 0 0 6
Carroll County 2 1 2 5
Charles City County 3 2 0 5
Craig County 2 3 0 5
Cumberland County 3 2 0 5
Essex County 4 1 0 5
Granville County 5 0 0 5
Hardy County 4 1 0 5
Harrisonburg city 2 3 0 5
King William County 3 2 0 5
Lee County 4 1 0 5
Smyth County 4 1 0 5
Southampton County 3 2 0 5
Surry County 5 0 0 5
Dare County 2 1 1 4
Galax city 3 0 1 4
Guilford County 3 1 0 4
Howard County 3 1 0 4
Mathews County 3 1 0 4
Middlesex County 3 1 0 4
Northampton County 3 1 0 4
Patrick County 2 2 0 4
Pulaski County 4 0 0 4
Rappahannock County 3 1 0 4
Russell County 3 1 0 4
Wayne County 3 1 0 4
Amelia County 1 2 0 3
Baltimore County 2 1 0 3
Camden County 2 1 0 3
Charlotte County 1 1 1 3
Floyd County 2 1 0 3
Harris County 1 2 0 3
Kent County 3 0 0 3
King and Queen County 2 1 0 3
Kings County 3 0 0 3
Lunenburg County 2 1 0 3
Morgan County 2 1 0 3
Richmond County 2 1 0 3
San Bernardino County 2 0 1 3
Sullivan County 3 0 0 3
Sussex County 2 0 1 3
Alameda County 1 1 0 2
Allegheny County 2 0 0 2
Barnes County 2 0 0 2
Benton County 1 1 0 2
Bertie County 2 0 0 2
Bronx County 1 1 0 2
Buena Vista city 2 0 0 2
Cook County 1 1 0 2
Dickenson County 1 1 0 2
Durham County 2 0 0 2
Forsyth County 0 1 1 2
Fresno County 1 1 0 2
Hamilton County 0 2 0 2
Harford County 2 0 0 2
Hernando County 2 0 0 2
Hillsborough County 1 1 0 2
Kanawha County 0 2 0 2
Los Angeles County 2 0 0 2
Mason County 1 1 0 2
Mercer County 1 1 0 2
Nelson County 1 1 0 2
Norfolk County 1 1 0 2
Nottoway County 1 1 0 2
Philadelphia County 2 0 0 2
Plymouth County 1 1 0 2
Raleigh County 1 1 0 2
Robeson County 1 1 0 2
Sacramento County 1 0 1 2
Wake County 0 2 0 2
Alamance County 0 1 0 1
Allen County 0 1 0 1
Aroostook County 1 0 0 1
Athens County 0 1 0 1
Autauga County 1 0 0 1
Baldwin County 0 1 0 1
Baltimore city 1 0 0 1
Bath County 1 0 0 1
Beaufort County 1 0 0 1
Bell County 0 1 0 1
Bergen County 1 0 0 1
Bernalillo County 1 0 0 1
Blanco County 0 1 0 1
Brazos County 1 0 0 1
Brevard County 0 1 0 1
Bristol city 1 0 0 1
Buchanan County 1 0 0 1
Buncombe County 0 1 0 1
Butts County 1 0 0 1
Calvert County 0 1 0 1
Cambria County 0 1 0 1
Carter County 1 0 0 1
Carteret County 0 1 0 1
Charleston County 1 0 0 1
Chester County 1 0 0 1
Chowan County 1 0 0 1
Clark County 1 0 0 1
Clayton County 1 0 0 1
Clearfield County 1 0 0 1
Cobb County 0 1 0 1
Collier County 1 0 0 1
Coweta County 1 0 0 1
Dallas County 0 1 0 1
Delaware County 1 0 0 1
Denver County 1 0 0 1
Dorchester County 0 1 0 1
Douglas County 0 1 0 1
Duval County 1 0 0 1
Edgecombe County 0 1 0 1
El Paso County 1 0 0 1
Erie County 1 0 0 1
Fairfield County 1 0 0 1
Falls Church city 1 0 0 1
Fort Bend County 1 0 0 1
Galveston County 0 1 0 1
Genesee County 1 0 0 1
Glynn County 1 0 0 1
Grayson County 1 0 0 1
Greenville County 1 0 0 1
Gregg County 1 0 0 1
Grundy County 1 0 0 1
Gwinnett County 1 0 0 1
Hart County 0 1 0 1
Hendricks County 0 1 0 1
Hennepin County 0 1 0 1
Hot Springs County 0 1 0 1
Johnson County 0 1 0 1
Lehigh County 1 0 0 1
Livingston Parish 0 1 0 1
Logan County 1 0 0 1
Macomb County 1 0 0 1
Mahoning County 1 0 0 1
Martin County 0 1 0 1
McDowell County 0 1 0 1
Mobile County 1 0 0 1
Moore County 0 1 0 1
Morris County 1 0 0 1
Nash County 1 0 0 1
New Haven County 0 1 0 1
New York County 1 0 0 1
Nez Perce County 1 0 0 1
Nicholas County 1 0 0 1
Norton city 1 0 0 1
Onondaga County 1 0 0 1
Osceola County 1 0 0 1
Palm Beach County 1 0 0 1
Pierce County 0 1 0 1
Pinellas County 1 0 0 1
Pitt County 0 1 0 1
Randolph County 0 1 0 1
Rockbridge County 1 0 0 1
Rutherford County 0 0 1 1
San Luis Obispo County 0 1 0 1
Solano County 0 1 0 1
St. Louis County 1 0 0 1
St. Mary’s County 1 0 0 1
Suffolk County 0 1 0 1
Tishomingo County 1 0 0 1
Tolland County 0 1 0 1
Tompkins County 1 0 0 1
Tulare County 1 0 0 1
Walker County 1 0 0 1
Wicomico County 1 0 0 1
Will County 1 0 0 1
Wilson County 1 0 0 1
Wyandotte County 1 0 0 1
Yavapai County 1 0 0 1
lajc_geo3 <- lajc %>%
  group_by(employercity_county) %>%
  summarize(`Employer located outside of VA` = sum(employeroutofstate),
            `Worker located outside of VA` = sum(complainantoutofstate),
            `Employer home state not recorded by DOLI` = sum(employerstatenotcoded),
            `Worker home state not recorded by DOLI` = sum(complainantstatenotcoded)) %>%
  rename(`City/County` = employercity_county)
lajc_geofull <- full_join(lajc_geo, lajc_geo2)
## Joining, by = "City/County"
lajc_geofull <- full_join(lajc_geofull, lajc_geo3)
## Joining, by = "City/County"
kable(lajc_geofull)
City/County Undetermined Invalid Valid Total Population Undetermined per 1000 people Invalid per 1000 people Valid per 1000 people Total claims per 1000 people Employer located outside of VA Worker located outside of VA Employer home state not recorded by DOLI Worker home state not recorded by DOLI
Fairfax County 221 72 15 308 1081726 0.20 0.07 0.01 0.28 0 107 0 2
Prince William County 165 97 8 270 402002 0.41 0.24 0.02 0.67 0 21 0 2
Virginia Beach city 168 66 10 244 437994 0.38 0.15 0.02 0.56 0 14 0 3
Richmond city 160 67 11 238 204214 0.78 0.33 0.05 1.17 0 9 0 0
Chesterfield County 142 47 5 194 316236 0.45 0.15 0.02 0.61 0 7 0 1
Henrico County 106 45 8 159 306935 0.35 0.15 0.03 0.52 0 6 0 2
Norfolk city 108 42 8 158 242803 0.44 0.17 0.03 0.65 0 7 0 0
Newport News city 98 25 5 128 180719 0.54 0.14 0.03 0.71 0 9 0 1
Loudoun County 89 19 2 110 312311 0.28 0.06 0.01 0.35 0 22 0 2
Chesapeake city 80 20 4 104 222209 0.36 0.09 0.02 0.47 0 15 0 2
Hampton city 61 26 3 90 137436 0.44 0.19 0.02 0.65 0 4 0 2
Portsmouth city 56 17 5 78 95535 0.59 0.18 0.05 0.82 0 2 0 0
Spotsylvania County 50 22 5 77 122397 0.41 0.18 0.04 0.63 0 0 0 0
Stafford County 36 28 1 65 128961 0.28 0.22 0.01 0.50 0 0 0 0
Prince George’s County 44 18 1 63 863420 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.07 16 8 0 0
Montgomery County 44 16 2 62 651889 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.07 25 3 0 0
Montgomery County 44 16 2 62 752431 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 25 3 0 0
Montgomery County 44 16 2 62 971777 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 25 3 0 0
Roanoke city 36 14 6 56 97032 0.37 0.14 0.06 0.58 0 2 0 1
Arlington County 40 14 1 55 207627 0.19 0.07 0.00 0.26 0 20 0 0
Suffolk city 34 10 5 49 84585 0.40 0.12 0.06 0.58 0 1 0 1
Alexandria city 30 13 2 45 139966 0.21 0.09 0.01 0.32 0 17 0 0
Hanover County 28 13 1 42 99863 0.28 0.13 0.01 0.42 0 4 0 1
Albemarle County 34 6 1 41 98970 0.34 0.06 0.01 0.41 0 3 0 0
Fauquier County 29 7 0 36 65203 0.44 0.11 0.00 0.55 0 3 0 0
Lynchburg city 21 10 2 33 75568 0.28 0.13 0.03 0.44 0 2 0 1
Petersburg city 23 9 0 32 32420 0.71 0.28 0.00 0.99 0 0 0 0
District of Columbia 21 5 3 29 601723 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.05 11 3 0 0
Frederick County 23 4 2 29 85048 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.27 1 8 0 0
Frederick County 23 4 2 29 155845 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.04 1 8 0 0
Roanoke County 22 4 1 27 92376 0.24 0.04 0.01 0.29 0 1 0 0
Gloucester County 22 2 1 25 36858 0.60 0.05 0.03 0.68 0 0 0 1
Goochland County 17 7 0 24 21717 0.78 0.32 0.00 1.11 0 1 0 0
Caroline County 11 6 4 21 28545 0.39 0.21 0.14 0.74 0 0 0 0
Warren County 17 4 0 21 34645 0.49 0.00 0.00 0.49 1 3 0 0
Warren County 17 4 0 21 37575 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.11 1 3 0 0
Augusta County 13 5 2 20 73750 0.18 0.07 0.03 0.27 0 0 0 0
Louisa County 12 6 0 18 33153 0.36 0.18 0.00 0.54 0 0 0 0
York County 17 1 0 18 65464 0.26 0.02 0.00 0.27 0 1 0 0
Mecklenburg County 12 5 0 17 32727 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.15 10 2 0 0
Mecklenburg County 12 5 0 17 106635 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.11 10 2 0 0
Colonial Heights city 12 3 1 16 17411 0.69 0.17 0.06 0.92 0 1 0 1
Rockingham County 14 1 1 16 78790 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.18 1 2 0 1
Rockingham County 14 1 1 16 76314 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 1 2 0 1
Washington County 11 2 3 16 63290 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.17 3 1 0 0
Washington County 11 2 3 16 54876 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 3 1 0 0
Washington County 11 2 3 16 116579 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 3 1 0 0
Williamsburg city 7 8 1 16 14068 0.50 0.57 0.07 1.14 0 0 0 0
Franklin County 9 5 1 15 66543 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.14 1 0 0 0
Franklin County 9 5 1 15 56159 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.11 1 0 0 0
Fredericksburg city 12 1 2 15 24286 0.49 0.04 0.08 0.62 0 1 0 0
Waynesboro city 10 4 1 15 21006 0.48 0.19 0.05 0.71 0 0 0 0
James City County 6 5 3 14 67009 0.09 0.07 0.04 0.21 0 1 0 0
Manassas Park city 8 4 2 14 14273 0.56 0.28 0.14 0.98 0 0 0 0
Shenandoah County 12 2 0 14 41993 0.29 0.05 0.00 0.33 0 3 0 0
Winchester city 10 4 0 14 26203 0.38 0.15 0.00 0.53 0 9 0 0
Bedford County 9 4 0 13 68676 0.13 0.06 0.00 0.19 0 1 0 0
Culpeper County 8 4 1 13 46689 0.17 0.09 0.02 0.28 0 1 0 0
Danville city 9 4 0 13 43055 0.21 0.09 0.00 0.30 0 3 0 1
King George County 6 7 0 13 23584 0.25 0.30 0.00 0.55 0 0 0 0
Prince Edward County 10 3 0 13 23368 0.43 0.13 0.00 0.56 0 0 0 0
Salem city 7 4 2 13 24802 0.28 0.16 0.08 0.52 0 1 0 1
Westmoreland County 8 4 1 13 60918 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.13 0 0 0 0
Westmoreland County 8 4 1 13 17454 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.06 0 0 0 0
Westmoreland County 8 4 1 13 104383 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0 0 0 0
Amherst County 10 2 0 12 32353 0.31 0.06 0.00 0.37 0 0 0 0
Henry County 6 4 2 12 53370 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.11 7 3 0 0
Henry County 6 4 2 12 54151 0.00 0.07 0.04 0.11 7 3 0 0
Hopewell city 4 5 3 12 22591 0.18 0.22 0.13 0.53 0 0 0 0
Prince George County 5 7 0 12 35725 0.14 0.20 0.00 0.34 0 1 0 0
Staunton city 7 4 1 12 23746 0.29 0.17 0.04 0.51 0 1 0 0
Berkeley County 8 3 0 11 104169 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.11 2 1 0 0
Botetourt County 8 3 0 11 33148 0.24 0.09 0.00 0.33 0 1 0 0
Martinsville city 7 4 0 11 13821 0.51 0.29 0.00 0.80 0 4 0 1
Pittsylvania County 8 2 1 11 63506 0.13 0.03 0.02 0.17 0 0 0 0
Wythe County 10 1 0 11 29235 0.34 0.03 0.00 0.38 0 0 0 0
Bedford city 10 0 0 10 6222 1.61 0.00 0.00 1.61 0 0 0 0
Campbell County 8 2 0 10 54842 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.15 0 1 0 0
Campbell County 8 2 0 10 47779 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0 1 0 0
Greene County 9 1 0 10 18403 0.49 0.05 0.00 0.54 1 0 0 0
Halifax County 9 1 0 10 38291 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.24 0 1 0 0
Halifax County 9 1 0 10 36241 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0 1 0 0
New Kent County 7 3 0 10 18429 0.38 0.16 0.00 0.54 0 0 0 0
Page County 6 4 0 10 24042 0.25 0.17 0.00 0.42 0 1 0 0
Pasquotank County 7 3 0 10 40661 0.17 0.07 0.00 0.25 2 2 0 0
Dinwiddie County 7 2 0 9 28001 0.25 0.07 0.00 0.32 0 0 0 0
Franklin city 7 2 0 9 8582 0.82 0.23 0.00 1.05 0 1 0 0
Wise County 5 4 0 9 41452 0.12 0.10 0.00 0.22 0 0 0 0
Accomack County 3 2 3 8 33164 0.09 0.06 0.09 0.24 0 0 0 0
Buckingham County 5 2 1 8 17146 0.29 0.12 0.06 0.47 0 0 0 0
Clarke County 5 2 1 8 14034 0.36 0.00 0.07 0.43 0 1 0 0
Clarke County 5 2 1 8 19934 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.10 0 1 0 0
Isle of Wight County 6 2 0 8 35270 0.17 0.06 0.00 0.23 0 1 0 0
Poquoson city 5 3 0 8 12150 0.41 0.25 0.00 0.66 0 0 0 0
Charles County 6 0 1 7 146551 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.05 5 1 0 1
Jefferson County 6 1 0 7 53498 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.11 NA NA NA NA
Jefferson County 6 1 0 7 658466 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Lancaster County 5 2 0 7 11391 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.18 3 1 0 0
Lancaster County 5 2 0 7 113002 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.04 3 1 0 0
Madison County 4 3 0 7 13308 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.30 0 0 0 0
Madison County 4 3 0 7 21384 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.14 0 0 0 0
Orange County 3 2 2 7 33481 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.21 7 1 0 0
Radford city 4 2 1 7 16408 0.24 0.12 0.06 0.43 0 0 0 0
Alleghany County 3 1 2 6 16250 0.18 0.06 0.12 0.37 0 0 0 0
Anne Arundel County 4 1 1 6 537656 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 22 4 0 1
Appomattox County 4 2 0 6 14973 0.27 0.13 0.00 0.40 0 2 0 0
Brunswick County 5 1 0 6 35433 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.14 0 0 0 0
Brunswick County 5 1 0 6 17434 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.06 0 0 0 0
Currituck County 5 1 0 6 23547 0.21 0.04 0.00 0.25 1 0 0 0
Fluvanna County 4 2 0 6 25691 0.16 0.08 0.00 0.23 0 0 0 0
Gates County 5 0 1 6 12197 0.41 0.00 0.08 0.49 NA NA NA NA
Greensville County 5 1 0 6 12243 0.41 0.08 0.00 0.49 0 2 0 0
Hampshire County 2 4 0 6 23964 0.08 0.17 0.00 0.25 NA NA NA NA
Powhatan County 5 1 0 6 28046 0.18 0.04 0.00 0.21 0 0 0 0
Tazewell County 6 0 0 6 45078 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.13 0 2 0 0
Carroll County 2 1 2 5 30042 0.07 0.03 0.07 0.17 1 0 0 0
Charles City County 3 2 0 5 7256 0.41 0.28 0.00 0.69 0 0 0 0
Craig County 2 3 0 5 5190 0.39 0.58 0.00 0.96 0 0 0 0
Cumberland County 3 2 0 5 113178 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 2 2 0 0
Cumberland County 3 2 0 5 319431 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 2 2 0 0
Essex County 4 1 0 5 11151 0.36 0.09 0.00 0.45 0 0 0 1
Granville County 5 0 0 5 59916 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.08 NA NA NA NA
Hardy County 4 1 0 5 14025 0.29 0.07 0.00 0.36 NA NA NA NA
Harrisonburg city 2 3 0 5 48914 0.04 0.06 0.00 0.10 0 1 0 0
King William County 3 2 0 5 15935 0.19 0.13 0.00 0.31 0 0 0 0
Lee County 4 1 0 5 25587 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 NA NA NA NA
Lee County 4 1 0 5 322170 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Smyth County 4 1 0 5 32208 0.12 0.03 0.00 0.16 0 1 0 0
Southampton County 3 2 0 5 18570 0.16 0.11 0.00 0.27 0 0 0 0
Surry County 5 0 0 5 7058 0.71 0.00 0.00 0.71 0 0 0 0
Dare County 2 1 1 4 33920 0.06 0.03 0.03 0.12 1 1 0 0
Galax city 3 0 1 4 7042 0.43 0.00 0.14 0.57 0 0 0 0
Guilford County 3 1 0 4 488406 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 1 0 0 0
Howard County 3 1 0 4 287085 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 3 0 0 0
Mathews County 3 1 0 4 8978 0.33 0.11 0.00 0.45 0 0 0 0
Middlesex County 3 1 0 4 10959 0.27 0.09 0.00 0.36 6 2 0 0
Northampton County 3 1 0 4 107504 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 NA NA NA NA
Northampton County 3 1 0 4 297735 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Patrick County 2 2 0 4 18490 0.11 0.11 0.00 0.22 0 0 0 0
Pulaski County 4 0 0 4 34872 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.11 0 0 0 0
Rappahannock County 3 1 0 4 7373 0.41 0.14 0.00 0.54 0 1 0 0
Russell County 3 1 0 4 28897 0.10 0.03 0.00 0.14 0 0 0 1
Wayne County 3 1 0 4 60940 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.05 NA NA NA NA
Wayne County 3 1 0 4 122623 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Amelia County 1 2 0 3 12690 0.08 0.16 0.00 0.24 0 0 0 0
Baltimore County 2 1 0 3 805029 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Camden County 2 1 0 3 9980 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.30 2 0 0 0
Charlotte County 1 1 1 3 12586 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.24 0 0 0 0
Floyd County 2 1 0 3 15279 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.07 0 0 0 0
Floyd County 2 1 0 3 55798 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.04 0 0 0 0
Harris County 1 2 0 3 4092459 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 8 4 0 0
Kent County 3 0 0 3 455851 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 2 0 0 0
King and Queen County 2 1 0 3 6945 0.29 0.14 0.00 0.43 NA NA NA NA
Kings County 3 0 0 3 2504700 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Lunenburg County 2 1 0 3 12914 0.15 0.08 0.00 0.23 0 0 0 0
Morgan County 2 1 0 3 17541 0.11 0.06 0.00 0.17 NA NA NA NA
Richmond County 2 1 0 3 9254 0.22 0.11 0.00 0.32 1 0 0 0
San Bernardino County 2 0 1 3 2035210 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 0 0 0
Sullivan County 3 0 0 3 156823 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 1 0 0 0
Sussex County 2 0 1 3 12087 0.17 0.00 0.08 0.25 0 0 0 1
Alameda County 1 1 0 2 1510271 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Allegheny County 2 0 0 2 1223348 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 1 0 0
Barnes County 2 0 0 2 11066 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.18 NA NA NA NA
Benton County 1 1 0 2 38451 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 NA NA NA NA
Benton County 1 1 0 2 221339 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Bertie County 2 0 0 2 21282 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.09 NA NA NA NA
Bronx County 1 1 0 2 1385108 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Buena Vista city 2 0 0 2 6650 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.30 0 0 0 0
Cook County 1 1 0 2 5194675 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 1 0 0
Dickenson County 1 1 0 2 15903 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.13 NA NA NA NA
Durham County 2 0 0 2 267587 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 2 0 0 0
Forsyth County 0 1 1 2 350670 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 3 1 0 0
Fresno County 1 1 0 2 930450 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Hamilton County 0 2 0 2 802374 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Harford County 2 0 0 2 244826 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Hernando County 2 0 0 2 172778 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Hillsborough County 1 1 0 2 1229226 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 1 0 0
Kanawha County 0 2 0 2 193063 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 0 0 0
Los Angeles County 2 0 0 2 9818605 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 1 0 0
Mason County 1 1 0 2 27324 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.07 NA NA NA NA
Mercer County 1 1 0 2 62264 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.03 NA NA NA NA
Nelson County 1 1 0 2 15020 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.13 0 0 0 0
Norfolk County 1 1 0 2 670850 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Nottoway County 1 1 0 2 15853 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.13 0 0 0 0
Philadelphia County 2 0 0 2 1526006 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 0 0 0
Plymouth County 1 1 0 2 494919 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Raleigh County 1 1 0 2 78859 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.03 NA NA NA NA
Robeson County 1 1 0 2 134168 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Sacramento County 1 0 1 2 1418788 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Wake County 0 2 0 2 900993 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 5 0 0 0
Alamance County 0 1 0 1 151131 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Allen County 0 1 0 1 355329 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Aroostook County 1 0 0 1 71870 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Athens County 0 1 0 1 64757 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 NA NA NA NA
Autauga County 1 0 0 1 54571 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 NA NA NA NA
Baldwin County 0 1 0 1 182265 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Baltimore city 1 0 0 1 620961 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Bath County 1 0 0 1 4731 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.21 NA NA NA NA
Beaufort County 1 0 0 1 47759 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 NA NA NA NA
Bell County 0 1 0 1 310235 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Bergen County 1 0 0 1 905116 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Bernalillo County 1 0 0 1 662564 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Blanco County 0 1 0 1 10497 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.10 NA NA NA NA
Brazos County 1 0 0 1 194851 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Brevard County 0 1 0 1 543376 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Bristol city 1 0 0 1 17835 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.06 0 1 0 0
Buchanan County 1 0 0 1 24098 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.04 0 0 0 0
Buncombe County 0 1 0 1 238318 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Butts County 1 0 0 1 23655 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.04 NA NA NA NA
Calvert County 0 1 0 1 88737 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Cambria County 0 1 0 1 143679 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 0 0 0
Carter County 1 0 0 1 57424 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 NA NA NA NA
Carteret County 0 1 0 1 66469 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 NA NA NA NA
Charleston County 1 0 0 1 350209 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Chester County 1 0 0 1 33140 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 NA NA NA NA
Chowan County 1 0 0 1 14793 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.07 NA NA NA NA
Clark County 1 0 0 1 110232 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 1 0 0 0
Clayton County 1 0 0 1 259424 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Clearfield County 1 0 0 1 81642 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Cobb County 0 1 0 1 688078 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 6 2 0 0
Collier County 1 0 0 1 321520 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Coweta County 1 0 0 1 127317 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Dallas County 0 1 0 1 2368139 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 0 0 0
Delaware County 1 0 0 1 558979 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Denver County 1 0 0 1 600158 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Dorchester County 0 1 0 1 136555 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Douglas County 0 1 0 1 132403 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Duval County 1 0 0 1 864263 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Edgecombe County 0 1 0 1 56552 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 NA NA NA NA
El Paso County 1 0 0 1 622263 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Erie County 1 0 0 1 280566 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Fairfield County 1 0 0 1 916829 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Falls Church city 1 0 0 1 12332 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.08 0 0 0 0
Fort Bend County 1 0 0 1 585375 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Galveston County 0 1 0 1 291309 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Genesee County 1 0 0 1 60079 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 NA NA NA NA
Glynn County 1 0 0 1 79626 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Grayson County 1 0 0 1 15533 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.06 NA NA NA NA
Greenville County 1 0 0 1 451225 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 1 0 0
Gregg County 1 0 0 1 121730 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Grundy County 1 0 0 1 50063 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 NA NA NA NA
Gwinnett County 1 0 0 1 805321 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 0 0 0
Hart County 0 1 0 1 25213 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 NA NA NA NA
Hendricks County 0 1 0 1 145448 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Hennepin County 0 1 0 1 1152425 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Hot Springs County 0 1 0 1 4812 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.21 NA NA NA NA
Johnson County 0 1 0 1 544179 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Lehigh County 1 0 0 1 349497 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Livingston Parish 0 1 0 1 128026 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Logan County 1 0 0 1 36743 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 1 0 0 0
Macomb County 1 0 0 1 840978 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Mahoning County 1 0 0 1 238823 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Martin County 0 1 0 1 24505 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 2 0 0 0
McDowell County 0 1 0 1 44996 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 NA NA NA NA
Mobile County 1 0 0 1 412992 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Moore County 0 1 0 1 88247 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Morris County 1 0 0 1 492276 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Nash County 1 0 0 1 95840 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
New Haven County 0 1 0 1 862477 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
New York County 1 0 0 1 1585873 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 7 1 0 0
Nez Perce County 1 0 0 1 39265 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.03 NA NA NA NA
Nicholas County 1 0 0 1 26233 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.04 NA NA NA NA
Norton city 1 0 0 1 3958 0.25 0.00 0.00 0.25 0 0 0 0
Onondaga County 1 0 0 1 467026 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Osceola County 1 0 0 1 268685 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Palm Beach County 1 0 0 1 1320134 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3 1 0 0
Pierce County 0 1 0 1 795225 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Pinellas County 1 0 0 1 916542 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
Pitt County 0 1 0 1 168148 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 0 0 0
Randolph County 0 1 0 1 141752 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 1 0 0 0
Rockbridge County 1 0 0 1 22307 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.04 0 1 0 0
Rutherford County 0 0 1 1 262604 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
San Luis Obispo County 0 1 0 1 269637 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Solano County 0 1 0 1 413344 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
St. Louis County 1 0 0 1 998954 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1 0 0 0
St. Mary’s County 1 0 0 1 105151 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Suffolk County 0 1 0 1 1493350 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2 0 0 0
Tishomingo County 1 0 0 1 19593 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.05 NA NA NA NA
Tolland County 0 1 0 1 152691 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Tompkins County 1 0 0 1 101564 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 1 0 0 0
Tulare County 1 0 0 1 442179 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Walker County 1 0 0 1 67023 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 1 1 0 0
Wicomico County 1 0 0 1 98733 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 2 0 0 0
Will County 1 0 0 1 677560 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 NA NA NA NA
Wilson County 1 0 0 1 81234 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Wyandotte County 1 0 0 1 157505 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 NA NA NA NA
Yavapai County 1 0 0 1 211033 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4 2 0 0
Anchorage Municipality NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Arapahoe County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Boyle County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Broome County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Broward County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3 0 0 0
Brown County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Bucks County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 0 0 0
Catawba County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 0 0 0
Charlottesville city NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0
Cherokee County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Cuyahoga County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 0 0 0
Dane County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Dauphin County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 0
Davidson County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Daviess County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
DeKalb County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 0
DuPage County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 0 0 0
East Baton Rouge Parish NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3 3 0 0
Fulton County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 7 2 0 0
Giles County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0 1 0 0
Hartford County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Hudson County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 0 0 0
Iredell County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Jackson County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 0
King County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 0 0 0
Lexington County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Lucas County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Luzerne County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Manassas city NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0
Maricopa County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Marin County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 5 0 0 0
Merrimack County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 0
Miami-Dade County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Monmouth County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Multnomah County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Nassau County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 0 0 0
New Castle County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Northumberland County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0
Oakland County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3 0 0 0
Perquimans County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 0
Providence County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Salt Lake County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 0
San Francisco County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3 3 0 0
Santa Clara County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Sauk County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Scott County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0 0 0 0
Seminole County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Shelby County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4 0 0 0
St. Charles County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
St. Joseph County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
St. Louis city NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 0
Summit County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3 0 0 0
Sumter County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 2 0 0 1
Travis County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Uintah County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 1 0 0
Utah County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Vanderburgh County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Waukesha County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Westchester County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1 0 0 0
Williamson County NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3 0 0 0
NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 0 10 110 0