Voter Data


Cross Tabs

(variables: education, PartyIdentification, region, urbancity, Abortion, GayMarriage)

Does level of education affect party identification?

No, across all levels of education, the majority of respondents identify as democrat and the fewest respondents identify as not sure or other. However, respondents with no high school or no college education are more likely to be identify as republican than independent.

newVoterData1 <- voterData %>% 
  mutate(education = factor(education, levels = c("No High School",
                            "High School Graduate",
                            "Some College",
                            "2-year",
                            "4-year",
                            "Post Grad")))
kable(prop.table(table(voterData$PartyIdentification, newVoterData1$education),2)) %>% 
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "condensed"), full_width = T) %>% 
  column_spec(1, bold = T)
No High School High School Graduate Some College 2-year 4-year Post Grad
Democrat 0.3734940 0.3758220 0.3911419 0.3813776 0.3600406 0.3735537
Independent 0.2289157 0.2589782 0.3164354 0.3099490 0.3362069 0.3413223
Not Sure 0.0180723 0.0247850 0.0144077 0.0127551 0.0055781 0.0049587
Other 0.0180723 0.0126454 0.0144077 0.0114796 0.0157201 0.0107438
Republican 0.3614458 0.3277693 0.2636073 0.2844388 0.2824544 0.2694215


Does level of education vary across regions of the United States?

Yes, the majority of respondents in the Midwest, Northwest, and not in the U.S. have the highest education level of a high school graduate, while the majority of respondents in the South and in the West have the highest education level of a 4-year college. But, across all regions, the fewest number of respondents have no high school education.

kable(prop.table(table(newVoterData1$education, voterData$region),2)) %>% 
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "condensed"), full_width = T) %>% 
  column_spec(1, bold = T)
Midwest Northwest Not in the US South West
No High School 0.0182320 0.0148548 0.0185185 0.0261682 0.0198123
High School Graduate 0.2977901 0.2957461 0.3148148 0.2433645 0.1678832
Some College 0.2237569 0.1964889 0.1851852 0.2448598 0.2622523
2-year 0.1000000 0.0790007 0.1111111 0.1005607 0.1074035
4-year 0.2265193 0.2336259 0.2037037 0.2478505 0.2789364
Post Grad 0.1337017 0.1802836 0.1666667 0.1371963 0.1637122


Do urban and rural areas vary by level of education?

Yes, the majority of respondents in cities and suburbs have a highest education level of 4-years of college, while the majority of respondents in rural areas, towns, and other places have graduate degrees.

kable(prop.table(table(voterData$urbancity, voterData$education),1)) %>% 
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "condensed"), full_width = T) %>% 
  column_spec(1, bold = T)
2-year 4-year High School Graduate No High School Post Grad Some College
City 0.0926418 0.2588652 0.2198582 0.0217199 0.1622340 0.2446809
Other 0.1568627 0.1764706 0.3529412 0.0196078 0.1568627 0.1372549
Rural Area 0.1008802 0.1706161 0.3608666 0.0324983 0.0981720 0.2369668
Suburb 0.1033678 0.2794265 0.2010670 0.0123374 0.1773925 0.2264088
Town 0.0879507 0.2392260 0.2735268 0.0263852 0.1328056 0.2401055


Does level of education affect people’s support of abortion?

No, across all levels of education, the majority of respondents believe that abortion should be legal in some cases and illegal in others, and the fewest respondents are unsure.

kable(prop.table(table(voterData$Abortion, voterData$education), 2)) %>% 
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "condensed"), full_width = T) %>% 
  column_spec(1, bold = T)
2-year 4-year High School Graduate No High School Post Grad Some College
Illegal in all cases 0.1377091 0.1218638 0.1707441 0.2439024 0.1154485 0.1201072
Legal in all cases 0.3268983 0.3947773 0.2803262 0.1890244 0.4194352 0.3635389
Legal in some cases and Illegal in others 0.4839125 0.4357399 0.4734964 0.4695122 0.4277409 0.4477212
Not sure 0.0514801 0.0476190 0.0754332 0.0975610 0.0373754 0.0686327


Does level of education affect people’s support of gay marriage?

Yes, the majority of respondents with a highest education levels of some college, a 4-years college degree, and post-graduate degrees favor gay marriage, while the majority of respondents with a highest education levels of no high school, high school, or a 2-years college degree oppose gay marriage.

kable(prop.table(table(voterData$GayMarriage, voterData$education), 2)) %>% 
  kable_styling(bootstrap_options = c("striped", "condensed"), full_width = T) %>% 
  column_spec(1, bold = T)
2-year 4-year High School Graduate No High School Post Grad Some College
Favor 0.4256410 0.5183299 0.3477157 0.2787879 0.5452282 0.4537680
Not sure 0.1307692 0.1074338 0.1401015 0.1272727 0.1095436 0.1127739
Oppose 0.4435897 0.3742363 0.5121827 0.5939394 0.3452282 0.4334580


Conclusions