Data Types

Data Summary

##        ID             Name      Numeric        Majority           Sex   
##  Min.   :1.00   Chandler:1   Min.   :0.1757   Mode :logical   Female:3  
##  1st Qu.:2.25   Joey    :1   1st Qu.:0.4820   FALSE:2         Male  :3  
##  Median :3.50   Monica  :1   Median :0.5884   TRUE :4                   
##  Mean   :3.50   Phoebe  :1   Mean   :0.5698                             
##  3rd Qu.:4.75   Rachel  :1   3rd Qu.:0.6793                             
##  Max.   :6.00   Ross    :1   Max.   :0.9105

Class Identification for each column of the dataset:

class(data$ID)

## [1] "integer"

class(data$Name)

## [1] "factor"

class(data$Numeric)

## [1] "numeric"

class(data$Majority)

## [1] "logical"

class(data$Sex)

## [1] "factor"

Coerce character data type to integer data type:

x <- c("22", "27.0")
class(x)

## [1] "character"

y <- as.numeric(x)
class(y)

## [1] "numeric"

Coerce integer data type to logical data type:

example <- rnorm(10)
class(example)

## [1] "numeric"

a <- as.integer(example)
a > 0

##  [1] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE  TRUE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE

class(a)

## [1] "integer"

b <- as.logical(a)
class(b)

## [1] "logical"

Another example of coercing the integer data type to a logical data type:

vec1 <- 0:10
vec1

##  [1]  0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10

class(vec1)

## [1] "integer"

vec2 <- as.logical(vec1)
vec2

##  [1] FALSE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE  TRUE

class(vec2)

## [1] "logical"

Coerce the character data type to an unordered factor data type:

description <- c("ok", "good", "better", "best", "better", "best", "best", "ok")
description

## [1] "ok"     "good"   "better" "best"   "better" "best"   "best"   "ok"

class(description)

## [1] "character"

description <- factor(description, levels=c("ok", "good", "better", "best"))
description

## [1] ok     good   better best   better best   best   ok    
## Levels: ok good better best

class(description)

## [1] "factor"

This example shows the coercion of the character data type to an ordered factor type:

description <- c("ok", "good", "better", "best", "better", "best", "best", "ok")
description

## [1] "ok"     "good"   "better" "best"   "better" "best"   "best"   "ok"

class(description)

## [1] "character"

description <- factor(description, levels=c("ok", "good", "better", "best"), ordered=TRUE)
description

## [1] ok     good   better best   better best   best   ok    
## Levels: ok < good < better < best

class(description)

## [1] "ordered" "factor"

Finally, here is an example of coercing an integer data type to a logical data type indicating even numbers are equal to true and odd numbers are equal to false:

vec3 <- 1:10
vec3

##  [1]  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9 10

class(vec3)

## [1] "integer"

vec3 <- as.logical(vec3%%2)
vec3%%2

##  [1] 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

!(vec3%%2)

##  [1] FALSE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE FALSE  TRUE

class(vec3)

## [1] "logical"