Data cleaning process

To keep the original data, the first step of the data cleaning consists of duplicating the target/focal variables transforming it to numeric. This ensures that, if needed, we can return to the original (previous) version of the dataset and also that variables are number-only.

The second step is carried out at analyzing missing data in data. Values < 5% are considered not problematic..

The third step of the data cleaning needs to check all variables’ values. The minimum must be equal than 0 and the maximum can not be higher than 2. This step also checks if all variables are numeric.

Once certain values were negative and certain values were higher than 2, we replaced these values with missing code (NA_real_).

Then we checked it again. The boxplot shows all variables are in 0-2 boundaries, So, all ok.

Exploratory analysis will be partially performed outside R environment.

Descriptive analyses

Descriptive statistics were obtained using the skimr package and the psych package for the R statistical system. The average, standard deviation, percentile information and histograms were created for each item.

variable type stat level value formatted
AEMME1_num numeric missing .all 4.00 4
AEMME1_num numeric complete .all 1253.00 1253
AEMME1_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME1_num numeric mean .all 1.14 1.14
AEMME1_num numeric sd .all 0.56 0.56
AEMME1_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME1_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME1_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME1_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME1_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME1_num numeric hist .all NA ▁▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME2_num numeric missing .all 6.00 6
AEMME2_num numeric complete .all 1251.00 1251
AEMME2_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME2_num numeric mean .all 1.16 1.16
AEMME2_num numeric sd .all 0.68 0.68
AEMME2_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME2_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME2_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME2_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME2_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME2_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME3_num numeric missing .all 12.00 12
AEMME3_num numeric complete .all 1245.00 1245
AEMME3_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME3_num numeric mean .all 1.26 1.26
AEMME3_num numeric sd .all 0.69 0.69
AEMME3_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME3_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME3_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME3_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME3_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME3_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▇
AEMME4_num numeric missing .all 15.00 15
AEMME4_num numeric complete .all 1242.00 1242
AEMME4_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME4_num numeric mean .all 1.11 1.11
AEMME4_num numeric sd .all 0.74 0.74
AEMME4_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME4_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME4_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME4_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME4_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME4_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▆
AEMME5_num numeric missing .all 5.00 5
AEMME5_num numeric complete .all 1252.00 1252
AEMME5_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME5_num numeric mean .all 0.99 0.99
AEMME5_num numeric sd .all 0.73 0.73
AEMME5_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME5_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME5_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME5_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME5_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME5_num numeric hist .all NA ▅▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME6_num numeric missing .all 4.00 4
AEMME6_num numeric complete .all 1253.00 1253
AEMME6_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME6_num numeric mean .all 0.95 0.95
AEMME6_num numeric sd .all 0.74 0.74
AEMME6_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME6_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME6_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME6_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME6_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME6_num numeric hist .all NA ▅▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME7_num numeric missing .all 9.00 9
AEMME7_num numeric complete .all 1248.00 1248
AEMME7_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME7_num numeric mean .all 1.03 1.03
AEMME7_num numeric sd .all 0.73 0.73
AEMME7_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME7_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME7_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME7_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME7_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME7_num numeric hist .all NA ▅▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME8_num numeric missing .all 9.00 9
AEMME8_num numeric complete .all 1248.00 1248
AEMME8_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME8_num numeric mean .all 1.34 1.34
AEMME8_num numeric sd .all 0.67 0.67
AEMME8_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME8_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME8_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME8_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME8_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME8_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▇
AEMME9_num numeric missing .all 6.00 6
AEMME9_num numeric complete .all 1251.00 1251
AEMME9_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME9_num numeric mean .all 0.97 0.97
AEMME9_num numeric sd .all 0.74 0.74
AEMME9_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME9_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME9_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME9_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME9_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME9_num numeric hist .all NA ▅▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME10_num numeric missing .all 2.00 2
AEMME10_num numeric complete .all 1255.00 1255
AEMME10_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME10_num numeric mean .all 1.16 1.16
AEMME10_num numeric sd .all 0.66 0.66
AEMME10_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME10_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME10_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME10_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME10_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME10_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME11_num numeric missing .all 1.00 1
AEMME11_num numeric complete .all 1256.00 1256
AEMME11_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME11_num numeric mean .all 1.15 1.15
AEMME11_num numeric sd .all 0.66 0.66
AEMME11_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME11_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME11_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME11_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME11_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME11_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME12_num numeric missing .all 5.00 5
AEMME12_num numeric complete .all 1252.00 1252
AEMME12_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME12_num numeric mean .all 1.31 1.31
AEMME12_num numeric sd .all 0.70 0.7
AEMME12_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME12_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME12_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME12_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME12_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME12_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▇
AEMME13_num numeric missing .all 6.00 6
AEMME13_num numeric complete .all 1251.00 1251
AEMME13_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME13_num numeric mean .all 1.09 1.09
AEMME13_num numeric sd .all 0.66 0.66
AEMME13_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME13_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME13_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME13_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME13_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME13_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME14_num numeric missing .all 4.00 4
AEMME14_num numeric complete .all 1253.00 1253
AEMME14_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME14_num numeric mean .all 1.04 1.04
AEMME14_num numeric sd .all 0.69 0.69
AEMME14_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME14_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME14_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME14_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME14_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME14_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME15_num numeric missing .all 10.00 10
AEMME15_num numeric complete .all 1247.00 1247
AEMME15_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME15_num numeric mean .all 0.63 0.63
AEMME15_num numeric sd .all 0.72 0.72
AEMME15_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME15_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME15_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME15_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME15_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME15_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▅▁▁▁▂
AEMME16_num numeric missing .all 10.00 10
AEMME16_num numeric complete .all 1247.00 1247
AEMME16_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME16_num numeric mean .all 1.04 1.04
AEMME16_num numeric sd .all 0.83 0.83
AEMME16_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME16_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME16_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME16_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME16_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME16_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▇
AEMME17_num numeric missing .all 10.00 10
AEMME17_num numeric complete .all 1247.00 1247
AEMME17_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME17_num numeric mean .all 1.24 1.24
AEMME17_num numeric sd .all 0.71 0.71
AEMME17_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME17_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME17_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME17_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME17_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME17_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▇
AEMME18_num numeric missing .all 4.00 4
AEMME18_num numeric complete .all 1253.00 1253
AEMME18_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME18_num numeric mean .all 1.74 1.74
AEMME18_num numeric sd .all 0.50 0.5
AEMME18_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME18_num numeric p25 .all 2.00 2
AEMME18_num numeric p50 .all 2.00 2
AEMME18_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME18_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME18_num numeric hist .all NA ▁▁▁▂▁▁▁▇
AEMME19_num numeric missing .all 9.00 9
AEMME19_num numeric complete .all 1248.00 1248
AEMME19_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME19_num numeric mean .all 0.98 0.98
AEMME19_num numeric sd .all 0.64 0.64
AEMME19_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME19_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME19_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME19_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME19_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME19_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▂
AEMME20_num numeric missing .all 6.00 6
AEMME20_num numeric complete .all 1251.00 1251
AEMME20_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME20_num numeric mean .all 1.16 1.16
AEMME20_num numeric sd .all 0.64 0.64
AEMME20_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME20_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME20_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME20_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME20_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME20_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME21_num numeric missing .all 9.00 9
AEMME21_num numeric complete .all 1248.00 1248
AEMME21_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME21_num numeric mean .all 0.62 0.62
AEMME21_num numeric sd .all 0.69 0.69
AEMME21_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME21_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME21_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME21_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME21_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME21_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▆▁▁▁▂
AEMME22_num numeric missing .all 13.00 13
AEMME22_num numeric complete .all 1244.00 1244
AEMME22_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME22_num numeric mean .all 0.88 0.88
AEMME22_num numeric sd .all 0.75 0.75
AEMME22_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME22_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME22_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME22_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME22_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME22_num numeric hist .all NA ▆▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME23_num numeric missing .all 7.00 7
AEMME23_num numeric complete .all 1250.00 1250
AEMME23_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME23_num numeric mean .all 0.92 0.92
AEMME23_num numeric sd .all 0.69 0.69
AEMME23_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME23_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME23_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME23_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME23_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME23_num numeric hist .all NA ▅▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME24_num numeric missing .all 12.00 12
AEMME24_num numeric complete .all 1245.00 1245
AEMME24_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME24_num numeric mean .all 0.90 0.9
AEMME24_num numeric sd .all 0.66 0.66
AEMME24_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME24_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME24_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME24_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME24_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME24_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▂
AEMME25_num numeric missing .all 16.00 16
AEMME25_num numeric complete .all 1241.00 1241
AEMME25_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME25_num numeric mean .all 0.57 0.57
AEMME25_num numeric sd .all 0.66 0.66
AEMME25_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME25_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME25_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME25_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME25_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME25_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▆▁▁▁▂
AEMME26_num numeric missing .all 9.00 9
AEMME26_num numeric complete .all 1248.00 1248
AEMME26_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME26_num numeric mean .all 1.53 1.53
AEMME26_num numeric sd .all 0.63 0.63
AEMME26_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME26_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME26_num numeric p50 .all 2.00 2
AEMME26_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME26_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME26_num numeric hist .all NA ▁▁▁▅▁▁▁▇
AEMME27_num numeric missing .all 1.00 1
AEMME27_num numeric complete .all 1256.00 1256
AEMME27_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME27_num numeric mean .all 1.10 1.1
AEMME27_num numeric sd .all 0.67 0.67
AEMME27_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME27_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME27_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME27_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME27_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME27_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME28_num numeric missing .all 4.00 4
AEMME28_num numeric complete .all 1253.00 1253
AEMME28_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME28_num numeric mean .all 0.60 0.6
AEMME28_num numeric sd .all 0.67 0.67
AEMME28_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME28_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME28_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME28_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME28_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME28_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▆▁▁▁▂
AEMME29_num numeric missing .all 7.00 7
AEMME29_num numeric complete .all 1250.00 1250
AEMME29_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME29_num numeric mean .all 1.16 1.16
AEMME29_num numeric sd .all 0.60 0.6
AEMME29_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME29_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME29_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME29_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME29_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME29_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME30_num numeric missing .all 6.00 6
AEMME30_num numeric complete .all 1251.00 1251
AEMME30_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME30_num numeric mean .all 1.18 1.18
AEMME30_num numeric sd .all 0.66 0.66
AEMME30_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME30_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME30_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME30_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME30_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME30_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME31_num numeric missing .all 9.00 9
AEMME31_num numeric complete .all 1248.00 1248
AEMME31_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME31_num numeric mean .all 0.94 0.94
AEMME31_num numeric sd .all 0.71 0.71
AEMME31_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME31_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME31_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME31_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME31_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME31_num numeric hist .all NA ▅▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME32_num numeric missing .all 13.00 13
AEMME32_num numeric complete .all 1244.00 1244
AEMME32_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME32_num numeric mean .all 1.05 1.05
AEMME32_num numeric sd .all 0.64 0.64
AEMME32_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME32_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME32_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME32_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME32_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME32_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME33_num numeric missing .all 9.00 9
AEMME33_num numeric complete .all 1248.00 1248
AEMME33_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME33_num numeric mean .all 1.66 1.66
AEMME33_num numeric sd .all 0.56 0.56
AEMME33_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME33_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME33_num numeric p50 .all 2.00 2
AEMME33_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME33_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME33_num numeric hist .all NA ▁▁▁▃▁▁▁▇
AEMME34_num numeric missing .all 7.00 7
AEMME34_num numeric complete .all 1250.00 1250
AEMME34_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME34_num numeric mean .all 0.93 0.93
AEMME34_num numeric sd .all 0.72 0.72
AEMME34_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME34_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME34_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME34_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME34_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME34_num numeric hist .all NA ▅▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME35_num numeric missing .all 5.00 5
AEMME35_num numeric complete .all 1252.00 1252
AEMME35_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME35_num numeric mean .all 1.11 1.11
AEMME35_num numeric sd .all 0.73 0.73
AEMME35_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME35_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME35_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME35_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME35_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME35_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▆
AEMME36_num numeric missing .all 11.00 11
AEMME36_num numeric complete .all 1246.00 1246
AEMME36_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME36_num numeric mean .all 0.99 0.99
AEMME36_num numeric sd .all 0.59 0.59
AEMME36_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME36_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME36_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME36_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME36_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME36_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▂
AEMME37_num numeric missing .all 6.00 6
AEMME37_num numeric complete .all 1251.00 1251
AEMME37_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME37_num numeric mean .all 1.06 1.06
AEMME37_num numeric sd .all 0.59 0.59
AEMME37_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME37_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME37_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME37_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME37_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME37_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▂
AEMME38_num numeric missing .all 8.00 8
AEMME38_num numeric complete .all 1249.00 1249
AEMME38_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME38_num numeric mean .all 1.24 1.24
AEMME38_num numeric sd .all 0.75 0.75
AEMME38_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME38_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME38_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME38_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME38_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME38_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▇
AEMME39_num numeric missing .all 8.00 8
AEMME39_num numeric complete .all 1249.00 1249
AEMME39_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME39_num numeric mean .all 1.32 1.32
AEMME39_num numeric sd .all 0.67 0.67
AEMME39_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME39_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME39_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME39_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME39_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME39_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▇
AEMME40_num numeric missing .all 6.00 6
AEMME40_num numeric complete .all 1251.00 1251
AEMME40_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME40_num numeric mean .all 1.13 1.13
AEMME40_num numeric sd .all 0.67 0.67
AEMME40_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME40_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME40_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME40_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME40_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME40_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME41_num numeric missing .all 4.00 4
AEMME41_num numeric complete .all 1253.00 1253
AEMME41_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME41_num numeric mean .all 0.76 0.76
AEMME41_num numeric sd .all 0.66 0.66
AEMME41_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME41_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME41_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME41_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME41_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME41_num numeric hist .all NA ▆▁▁▇▁▁▁▂
AEMME42_num numeric missing .all 10.00 10
AEMME42_num numeric complete .all 1247.00 1247
AEMME42_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME42_num numeric mean .all 0.94 0.94
AEMME42_num numeric sd .all 0.74 0.74
AEMME42_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME42_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME42_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME42_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME42_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME42_num numeric hist .all NA ▆▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME43_num numeric missing .all 7.00 7
AEMME43_num numeric complete .all 1250.00 1250
AEMME43_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME43_num numeric mean .all 0.78 0.78
AEMME43_num numeric sd .all 0.73 0.73
AEMME43_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME43_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME43_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME43_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME43_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME43_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME44_num numeric missing .all 4.00 4
AEMME44_num numeric complete .all 1253.00 1253
AEMME44_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME44_num numeric mean .all 1.32 1.32
AEMME44_num numeric sd .all 0.70 0.7
AEMME44_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME44_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME44_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME44_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME44_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME44_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▇
AEMME45_num numeric missing .all 3.00 3
AEMME45_num numeric complete .all 1254.00 1254
AEMME45_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME45_num numeric mean .all 0.92 0.92
AEMME45_num numeric sd .all 0.84 0.84
AEMME45_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME45_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME45_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME45_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME45_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME45_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▆▁▁▁▆
AEMME46_num numeric missing .all 2.00 2
AEMME46_num numeric complete .all 1255.00 1255
AEMME46_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME46_num numeric mean .all 1.05 1.05
AEMME46_num numeric sd .all 0.77 0.77
AEMME46_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME46_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME46_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME46_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME46_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME46_num numeric hist .all NA ▆▁▁▇▁▁▁▆
AEMME47_num numeric missing .all 5.00 5
AEMME47_num numeric complete .all 1252.00 1252
AEMME47_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME47_num numeric mean .all 1.32 1.32
AEMME47_num numeric sd .all 0.72 0.72
AEMME47_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME47_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME47_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME47_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME47_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME47_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▆▁▁▁▇
AEMME48_num numeric missing .all 7.00 7
AEMME48_num numeric complete .all 1250.00 1250
AEMME48_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME48_num numeric mean .all 1.03 1.03
AEMME48_num numeric sd .all 0.76 0.76
AEMME48_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME48_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME48_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME48_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME48_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME48_num numeric hist .all NA ▆▁▁▇▁▁▁▆
AEMME49_num numeric missing .all 13.00 13
AEMME49_num numeric complete .all 1244.00 1244
AEMME49_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME49_num numeric mean .all 0.92 0.92
AEMME49_num numeric sd .all 0.79 0.79
AEMME49_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME49_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME49_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME49_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME49_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME49_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▆
AEMME50_num numeric missing .all 8.00 8
AEMME50_num numeric complete .all 1249.00 1249
AEMME50_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME50_num numeric mean .all 1.29 1.29
AEMME50_num numeric sd .all 0.65 0.65
AEMME50_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME50_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME50_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME50_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME50_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME50_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▆
AEMME51_num numeric missing .all 12.00 12
AEMME51_num numeric complete .all 1245.00 1245
AEMME51_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME51_num numeric mean .all 1.66 1.66
AEMME51_num numeric sd .all 0.58 0.58
AEMME51_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME51_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME51_num numeric p50 .all 2.00 2
AEMME51_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME51_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME51_num numeric hist .all NA ▁▁▁▂▁▁▁▇
AEMME52_num numeric missing .all 10.00 10
AEMME52_num numeric complete .all 1247.00 1247
AEMME52_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME52_num numeric mean .all 1.52 1.52
AEMME52_num numeric sd .all 0.61 0.61
AEMME52_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME52_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME52_num numeric p50 .all 2.00 2
AEMME52_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME52_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME52_num numeric hist .all NA ▁▁▁▅▁▁▁▇
AEMME53_num numeric missing .all 10.00 10
AEMME53_num numeric complete .all 1247.00 1247
AEMME53_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME53_num numeric mean .all 0.73 0.73
AEMME53_num numeric sd .all 0.68 0.68
AEMME53_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME53_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME53_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME53_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME53_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME53_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▂
AEMME54_num numeric missing .all 8.00 8
AEMME54_num numeric complete .all 1249.00 1249
AEMME54_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME54_num numeric mean .all 1.23 1.23
AEMME54_num numeric sd .all 0.61 0.61
AEMME54_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME54_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME54_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME54_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME54_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME54_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME55_num numeric missing .all 7.00 7
AEMME55_num numeric complete .all 1250.00 1250
AEMME55_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME55_num numeric mean .all 0.87 0.87
AEMME55_num numeric sd .all 0.72 0.72
AEMME55_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME55_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME55_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME55_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME55_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME55_num numeric hist .all NA ▆▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME56_num numeric missing .all 11.00 11
AEMME56_num numeric complete .all 1246.00 1246
AEMME56_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME56_num numeric mean .all 1.36 1.36
AEMME56_num numeric sd .all 0.70 0.7
AEMME56_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME56_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME56_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME56_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME56_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME56_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▆▁▁▁▇
AEMME57_num numeric missing .all 10.00 10
AEMME57_num numeric complete .all 1247.00 1247
AEMME57_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME57_num numeric mean .all 0.86 0.86
AEMME57_num numeric sd .all 0.63 0.63
AEMME57_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME57_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME57_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME57_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME57_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME57_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▂
AEMME58_num numeric missing .all 10.00 10
AEMME58_num numeric complete .all 1247.00 1247
AEMME58_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME58_num numeric mean .all 1.10 1.1
AEMME58_num numeric sd .all 0.81 0.81
AEMME58_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME58_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME58_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME58_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME58_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME58_num numeric hist .all NA ▆▁▁▇▁▁▁▇
AEMME59_num numeric missing .all 6.00 6
AEMME59_num numeric complete .all 1251.00 1251
AEMME59_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME59_num numeric mean .all 1.07 1.07
AEMME59_num numeric sd .all 0.72 0.72
AEMME59_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME59_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME59_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME59_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME59_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME59_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME60_num numeric missing .all 15.00 15
AEMME60_num numeric complete .all 1242.00 1242
AEMME60_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME60_num numeric mean .all 1.58 1.58
AEMME60_num numeric sd .all 0.57 0.57
AEMME60_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME60_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME60_num numeric p50 .all 2.00 2
AEMME60_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME60_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME60_num numeric hist .all NA ▁▁▁▅▁▁▁▇
AEMME61_num numeric missing .all 4.00 4
AEMME61_num numeric complete .all 1253.00 1253
AEMME61_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME61_num numeric mean .all 1.13 1.13
AEMME61_num numeric sd .all 0.65 0.65
AEMME61_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME61_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME61_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME61_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME61_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME61_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME62_num numeric missing .all 3.00 3
AEMME62_num numeric complete .all 1254.00 1254
AEMME62_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME62_num numeric mean .all 0.99 0.99
AEMME62_num numeric sd .all 0.70 0.7
AEMME62_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME62_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME62_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME62_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME62_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME62_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME63_num numeric missing .all 4.00 4
AEMME63_num numeric complete .all 1253.00 1253
AEMME63_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME63_num numeric mean .all 0.71 0.71
AEMME63_num numeric sd .all 0.67 0.67
AEMME63_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME63_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME63_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME63_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME63_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME63_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▂
AEMME64_num numeric missing .all 8.00 8
AEMME64_num numeric complete .all 1249.00 1249
AEMME64_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME64_num numeric mean .all 0.68 0.68
AEMME64_num numeric sd .all 0.66 0.66
AEMME64_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME64_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME64_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME64_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME64_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME64_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▂
AEMME65_num numeric missing .all 11.00 11
AEMME65_num numeric complete .all 1246.00 1246
AEMME65_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME65_num numeric mean .all 1.08 1.08
AEMME65_num numeric sd .all 0.73 0.73
AEMME65_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME65_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME65_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME65_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME65_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME65_num numeric hist .all NA ▃▁▁▇▁▁▁▆
AEMME66_num numeric missing .all 4.00 4
AEMME66_num numeric complete .all 1253.00 1253
AEMME66_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME66_num numeric mean .all 1.28 1.28
AEMME66_num numeric sd .all 0.62 0.62
AEMME66_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME66_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME66_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME66_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME66_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME66_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▆
AEMME67_num numeric missing .all 7.00 7
AEMME67_num numeric complete .all 1250.00 1250
AEMME67_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME67_num numeric mean .all 1.17 1.17
AEMME67_num numeric sd .all 0.67 0.67
AEMME67_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME67_num numeric p25 .all 1.00 1
AEMME67_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME67_num numeric p75 .all 2.00 2
AEMME67_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME67_num numeric hist .all NA ▂▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME72_num numeric missing .all 9.00 9
AEMME72_num numeric complete .all 1248.00 1248
AEMME72_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME72_num numeric mean .all 0.41 0.41
AEMME72_num numeric sd .all 0.57 0.57
AEMME72_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME72_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME72_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME72_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME72_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME72_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▅▁▁▁▁
AEMME73_num numeric missing .all 18.00 18
AEMME73_num numeric complete .all 1239.00 1239
AEMME73_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME73_num numeric mean .all 0.44 0.44
AEMME73_num numeric sd .all 0.71 0.71
AEMME73_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME73_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME73_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME73_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME73_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME73_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▂▁▁▁▂
AEMME74_num numeric missing .all 16.00 16
AEMME74_num numeric complete .all 1241.00 1241
AEMME74_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME74_num numeric mean .all 0.32 0.32
AEMME74_num numeric sd .all 0.53 0.53
AEMME74_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME74_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME74_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME74_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME74_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME74_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▃▁▁▁▁
AEMME75_num numeric missing .all 13.00 13
AEMME75_num numeric complete .all 1244.00 1244
AEMME75_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME75_num numeric mean .all 0.58 0.58
AEMME75_num numeric sd .all 0.64 0.64
AEMME75_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME75_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME75_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME75_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME75_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME75_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▁
AEMME76_num numeric missing .all 5.00 5
AEMME76_num numeric complete .all 1252.00 1252
AEMME76_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME76_num numeric mean .all 0.66 0.66
AEMME76_num numeric sd .all 0.66 0.66
AEMME76_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME76_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME76_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME76_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME76_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME76_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▂
AEMME77_num numeric missing .all 10.00 10
AEMME77_num numeric complete .all 1247.00 1247
AEMME77_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME77_num numeric mean .all 0.73 0.73
AEMME77_num numeric sd .all 0.71 0.71
AEMME77_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME77_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME77_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME77_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME77_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME77_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▃
AEMME78_num numeric missing .all 9.00 9
AEMME78_num numeric complete .all 1248.00 1248
AEMME78_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME78_num numeric mean .all 0.27 0.27
AEMME78_num numeric sd .all 0.52 0.52
AEMME78_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME78_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME78_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME78_num numeric p75 .all 0.00 0
AEMME78_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME78_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▂▁▁▁▁
AEMME79_num numeric missing .all 6.00 6
AEMME79_num numeric complete .all 1251.00 1251
AEMME79_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME79_num numeric mean .all 0.53 0.53
AEMME79_num numeric sd .all 0.63 0.63
AEMME79_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME79_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME79_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME79_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME79_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME79_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▆▁▁▁▁
AEMME80_num numeric missing .all 17.00 17
AEMME80_num numeric complete .all 1240.00 1240
AEMME80_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME80_num numeric mean .all 0.82 0.82
AEMME80_num numeric sd .all 0.75 0.75
AEMME80_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME80_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME80_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME80_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME80_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME80_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▅
AEMME81_num numeric missing .all 3.00 3
AEMME81_num numeric complete .all 1254.00 1254
AEMME81_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME81_num numeric mean .all 0.17 0.17
AEMME81_num numeric sd .all 0.43 0.43
AEMME81_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME81_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME81_num numeric p50 .all 0.00 0
AEMME81_num numeric p75 .all 0.00 0
AEMME81_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME81_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▁▁▁▁▁
AEMME82_num numeric missing .all 2.00 2
AEMME82_num numeric complete .all 1255.00 1255
AEMME82_num numeric n .all 1257.00 1257
AEMME82_num numeric mean .all 0.78 0.78
AEMME82_num numeric sd .all 0.72 0.72
AEMME82_num numeric p0 .all 0.00 0
AEMME82_num numeric p25 .all 0.00 0
AEMME82_num numeric p50 .all 1.00 1
AEMME82_num numeric p75 .all 1.00 1
AEMME82_num numeric p100 .all 2.00 2
AEMME82_num numeric hist .all NA ▇▁▁▇▁▁▁▃

Exploratory analyses

Factor retention decisions are based on an interface between statistical criteria and interpretability. Different methods are recommended. From statistical point of view, the Parallel analysis (Horn’s parallel analysis) is a statistical method common used to determine the number of factors to retain in an exploratory factor analysis. Their results are combined into a scree-plot method and their helps to make the interpretation of the scree plots more objective.

## 
## Note: parallel analysis suggests 11 factors.

Then, models ranging from 1 to 5 correlated factors were conducted and the results of of their fit measures were accessed. It’s possible to retain from two factors on,

Exploratory results

## Factor Analysis using method =  wls
## Call: fa(r = ., nfactors = 2, fm = "wls", cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
##             item  WLS1  WLS2     h2   u2 com
## AEMME40_num   40  0.63 -0.03 0.4122 0.59 1.0
## AEMME64_num   64  0.63  0.12 0.3537 0.65 1.1
## AEMME28_num   28  0.61  0.20 0.3240 0.68 1.2
## AEMME22_num   22  0.61  0.08 0.3443 0.66 1.0
## AEMME23_num   23  0.57  0.19 0.2781 0.72 1.2
## AEMME43_num   43  0.55  0.04 0.2917 0.71 1.0
## AEMME29_num   29  0.55 -0.14 0.3761 0.62 1.1
## AEMME6_num     6  0.54 -0.06 0.3248 0.68 1.0
## AEMME27_num   27  0.54  0.03 0.2818 0.72 1.0
## AEMME41_num   41  0.54  0.14 0.2535 0.75 1.1
## AEMME31_num   31  0.54 -0.02 0.2938 0.71 1.0
## AEMME63_num   63  0.53  0.18 0.2460 0.75 1.2
## AEMME32_num   32  0.53  0.03 0.2725 0.73 1.0
## AEMME42_num   42  0.53  0.03 0.2686 0.73 1.0
## AEMME46_num   46  0.53 -0.13 0.3463 0.65 1.1
## AEMME19_num   19  0.52  0.07 0.2498 0.75 1.0
## AEMME48_num   48  0.52  0.00 0.2696 0.73 1.0
## AEMME3_num     3  0.50 -0.18 0.3484 0.65 1.2
## AEMME17_num   17  0.50 -0.26 0.4132 0.59 1.5
## AEMME38_num   38  0.49 -0.20 0.3554 0.64 1.3
## AEMME20_num   20  0.49 -0.08 0.2755 0.72 1.1
## AEMME11_num   11  0.47 -0.09 0.2634 0.74 1.1
## AEMME21_num   21  0.47  0.28 0.2039 0.80 1.6
## AEMME12_num   12  0.47 -0.12 0.2812 0.72 1.1
## AEMME9_num     9  0.47  0.01 0.2197 0.78 1.0
## AEMME62_num   62  0.47  0.15 0.1915 0.81 1.2
## AEMME59_num   59  0.47 -0.17 0.3078 0.69 1.3
## AEMME30_num   30  0.47 -0.06 0.2446 0.76 1.0
## AEMME44_num   44  0.46 -0.30 0.4029 0.60 1.7
## AEMME16_num   16  0.46  0.16 0.1800 0.82 1.3
## AEMME24_num   24  0.45  0.10 0.1819 0.82 1.1
## AEMME55_num   55  0.45  0.14 0.1757 0.82 1.2
## AEMME49_num   49  0.44 -0.16 0.2666 0.73 1.3
## AEMME39_num   39  0.43 -0.06 0.2072 0.79 1.0
## AEMME45_num   45  0.43 -0.05 0.2008 0.80 1.0
## AEMME33_num   33  0.42 -0.40 0.4581 0.54 2.0
## AEMME5_num     5  0.41 -0.12 0.2254 0.77 1.2
## AEMME58_num   58  0.41 -0.12 0.2206 0.78 1.2
## AEMME10_num   10  0.40 -0.06 0.1837 0.82 1.0
## AEMME67_num   67  0.40 -0.24 0.2936 0.71 1.6
## AEMME26_num   26  0.39 -0.31 0.3457 0.65 1.9
## AEMME1_num     1  0.39 -0.18 0.2394 0.76 1.4
## AEMME14_num   14  0.38 -0.18 0.2315 0.77 1.4
## AEMME2_num     2  0.37 -0.13 0.1884 0.81 1.2
## AEMME54_num   54  0.35 -0.28 0.2783 0.72 1.9
## AEMME53_num   53  0.35 -0.13 0.1673 0.83 1.3
## AEMME47_num   47  0.34 -0.17 0.1869 0.81 1.4
## AEMME65_num   65  0.34 -0.09 0.1446 0.86 1.1
## AEMME82_num   78 -0.33  0.32 0.2938 0.71 2.0
## AEMME56_num   56  0.30 -0.01 0.0936 0.91 1.0
## AEMME66_num   66  0.30 -0.25 0.2060 0.79 1.9
## AEMME7_num     7  0.30 -0.25 0.2014 0.80 1.9
## AEMME50_num   50  0.26 -0.02 0.0728 0.93 1.0
## AEMME8_num     8  0.26 -0.11 0.1004 0.90 1.4
## AEMME61_num   61  0.25 -0.06 0.0797 0.92 1.1
## AEMME35_num   35  0.23  0.09 0.0459 0.95 1.3
## AEMME4_num     4  0.20  0.19 0.0462 0.95 2.0
## AEMME81_num   77  0.05  0.63 0.3748 0.63 1.0
## AEMME75_num   71  0.00  0.59 0.3517 0.65 1.0
## AEMME76_num   72 -0.07  0.58 0.3734 0.63 1.0
## AEMME74_num   70 -0.11  0.55 0.3672 0.63 1.1
## AEMME79_num   75 -0.10  0.54 0.3438 0.66 1.1
## AEMME73_num   69  0.15  0.52 0.2340 0.77 1.2
## AEMME25_num   25  0.13  0.51 0.2293 0.77 1.1
## AEMME78_num   74 -0.19  0.51 0.3692 0.63 1.3
## AEMME72_num   68 -0.04  0.50 0.2648 0.74 1.0
## AEMME36_num   36 -0.04 -0.46 0.1982 0.80 1.0
## AEMME60_num   60  0.19 -0.45 0.3003 0.70 1.3
## AEMME57_num   57  0.18  0.42 0.1538 0.85 1.4
## AEMME15_num   15 -0.02  0.40 0.1650 0.84 1.0
## AEMME37_num   37  0.03 -0.40 0.1647 0.84 1.0
## AEMME77_num   73 -0.05  0.39 0.1729 0.83 1.0
## AEMME51_num   51  0.19 -0.33 0.1946 0.81 1.6
## AEMME18_num   18  0.14 -0.29 0.1330 0.87 1.4
## AEMME80_num   76  0.10  0.28 0.0691 0.93 1.3
## AEMME34_num   34  0.04 -0.17 0.0349 0.97 1.1
## AEMME13_num   13  0.09 -0.11 0.0277 0.97 1.9
## AEMME52_num   52 -0.03 -0.04 0.0018 1.00 2.0
## 
##                        WLS1 WLS2
## SS loadings           12.58 6.15
## Proportion Var         0.16 0.08
## Cumulative Var         0.16 0.24
## Proportion Explained   0.67 0.33
## Cumulative Proportion  0.67 1.00
## 
##  With factor correlations of 
##       WLS1  WLS2
## WLS1  1.00 -0.37
## WLS2 -0.37  1.00
## 
## Mean item complexity =  1.3
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
## 
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are  3003  and the objective function was  28.33 with Chi Square of  34827.07
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 2848  and the objective function was  11.16 
## 
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is  0.05 
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is  0.05 
## 
## The harmonic number of observations is  1241 with the empirical chi square  17454.32  with prob <  0 
## The total number of observations was  1257  with Likelihood Chi Square =  13699.9  with prob <  0 
## 
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability =  0.64
## RMSEA index =  0.056  and the 90 % confidence intervals are  0.054 0.056
## BIC =  -6624.8
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.94
## Measures of factor score adequacy             
##                                                   WLS1 WLS2
## Correlation of (regression) scores with factors   0.97 0.94
## Multiple R square of scores with factors          0.94 0.89
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores     0.89 0.78

Confirmatory Analysis

The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted in a subsample of the original dataset on the basis of the prior results obtained by EFA. In other words, the expected relationships between indicators and factors were set by the EFA results. Items with loadings below 0.3 were not used, and items with loadings on more than one factor were maintened in its higher factor.

The extraction method used was the weighted least squares robust estimation, with mean adjusted (WLSM). In accordance with the level of measure of the items of the scale, this estimation technique uses the ordered/ordinal categorical nature of the data and uses a polychoric input matrix. The two factors were correlated through oblimin rotation.

To verify whether this solution is suitable to the sample data, the following goodness-of-fit indices were used: p-value of the χ2 test (Chi-Square Statistic), CFI (Comparative Fit Index), TLI (Tucker-Lewis Index), RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) and SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual). The fit of the model was considered good when X2 p-value was significant, CFI and TLI values were above .90, and RMSEA and SRMR values were below .06 and .08 respectively.

Fator Item b SE Z p-valor Beta
f1 AEMME17 1.05 0.06 16.15 0.00 0.67
f1 AEMME44 1.02 0.06 16.62 0.00 0.65
f1 AEMME40 1.00 0.00 NA NA 0.64
f1 AEMME29 0.99 0.06 16.43 0.00 0.64
f1 AEMME33 0.99 0.07 13.76 0.00 0.63
f1 AEMME38 0.98 0.07 15.04 0.00 0.63
f1 AEMME3 0.98 0.06 16.09 0.00 0.63
f1 AEMME26 0.96 0.07 14.08 0.00 0.62
f1 AEMME46 0.96 0.06 14.89 0.00 0.61
f1 AEMME59 0.93 0.06 14.96 0.00 0.60
f1 AEMME6 0.91 0.06 14.12 0.00 0.59
f1 AEMME64 0.90 0.06 14.40 0.00 0.58
f1 AEMME31 0.87 0.06 15.14 0.00 0.56
f1 AEMME42 0.87 0.06 14.67 0.00 0.55
f1 AEMME22 0.84 0.07 12.70 0.00 0.54
f1 AEMME28 0.84 0.06 13.00 0.00 0.54
f1 AEMME11 0.84 0.06 13.61 0.00 0.53
f1 AEMME32 0.83 0.06 12.89 0.00 0.53
f1 AEMME67 0.83 0.07 11.87 0.00 0.53
f1 AEMME14 0.82 0.06 13.34 0.00 0.52
f1 AEMME43 0.82 0.06 12.62 0.00 0.52
f1 AEMME54 0.81 0.07 11.83 0.00 0.52
f1 AEMME27 0.81 0.06 12.84 0.00 0.52
f1 AEMME12 0.80 0.06 13.14 0.00 0.52
f1 AEMME48 0.79 0.06 12.14 0.00 0.51
f1 AEMME49 0.78 0.07 11.99 0.00 0.50
f1 AEMME82 -0.78 0.07 -11.21 0.00 -0.50
f1 AEMME5 0.77 0.07 11.48 0.00 0.49
f1 AEMME1 0.77 0.07 10.89 0.00 0.49
f1 AEMME19 0.76 0.07 11.54 0.00 0.49
f1 AEMME20 0.76 0.07 11.49 0.00 0.49
f1 AEMME30 0.74 0.07 11.36 0.00 0.47
f1 AEMME39 0.73 0.06 11.64 0.00 0.47
f1 AEMME63 0.73 0.07 11.06 0.00 0.47
f1 AEMME66 0.73 0.07 10.26 0.00 0.47
f1 AEMME58 0.72 0.07 10.80 0.00 0.46
f1 AEMME9 0.71 0.06 11.23 0.00 0.46
f1 AEMME55 0.70 0.07 10.45 0.00 0.45
f1 AEMME7 0.69 0.06 11.49 0.00 0.45
f1 AEMME41 0.69 0.06 11.90 0.00 0.44
f1 AEMME53 0.69 0.07 10.38 0.00 0.44
f1 AEMME23 0.68 0.06 10.99 0.00 0.43
f1 AEMME65 0.67 0.06 10.67 0.00 0.43
f1 AEMME45 0.66 0.06 10.72 0.00 0.42
f1 AEMME10 0.65 0.07 9.71 0.00 0.42
f1 AEMME2 0.65 0.07 9.53 0.00 0.42
f1 AEMME62 0.62 0.06 9.62 0.00 0.40
f1 AEMME47 0.61 0.07 8.81 0.00 0.39
f1 AEMME24 0.61 0.07 8.78 0.00 0.39
f1 AEMME16 0.54 0.07 8.17 0.00 0.35
f1 AEMME21 0.52 0.06 8.07 0.00 0.33
f1 AEMME56 0.41 0.08 5.49 0.00 0.26
f2 AEMME78 1.29 0.17 7.75 0.00 0.71
f2 AEMME79 1.27 0.16 8.01 0.00 0.70
f2 AEMME76 1.23 0.18 6.90 0.00 0.68
f2 AEMME74 1.23 0.18 6.72 0.00 0.68
f2 AEMME60 -1.09 0.14 -7.60 0.00 -0.60
f2 AEMME15 1.02 0.15 6.88 0.00 0.56
f2 AEMME81 1.00 0.00 NA NA 0.55
f2 AEMME75 0.98 0.15 6.67 0.00 0.54
f2 AEMME72 0.96 0.15 6.25 0.00 0.53
f2 AEMME77 0.87 0.14 6.45 0.00 0.48
f2 AEMME51 -0.87 0.16 -5.37 0.00 -0.48
f2 AEMME37 -0.77 0.13 -5.97 0.00 -0.42
f2 AEMME36 -0.69 0.14 -4.90 0.00 -0.38
f2 AEMME25 0.66 0.13 5.10 0.00 0.37
f2 AEMME73 0.51 0.13 3.79 0.00 0.28
f2 AEMME57 0.27 0.11 2.37 0.02 0.15

The CFA results were: 205, 4467.5772571, 2209, 0, 0.9547205, 0.9533062, 0.0425398.

The item level analysis was carried out for each factor extracted. In the first factor, the item 17 had the highest standardized loading (λ = 0.67, 17. Eu confiro minhas anotações para ter certeza que entendi o que escrevi.) and the item 56 the lowest (0.27, 56. Nas provas, se eu vejo que não sei responder uma questão não perco tempo com ela, deixo para tentar resolvê-la no final.). Despite its estimate below the 0.3 cut-offs, the fit obtained by this solution justifies the maintenance of this item. The item number 78 was reversed correlated to this factor (-0.5, 78. Quando chego em casa quero contar para os meus pais o que aprendi de novo na escola.) suggesting it score could be reversed in future research. The second factor had its highest loadings in its relationship with the item 74 (0.713, 74. Eu me sinto muito bem quando vou bem na escola.) and four items were reversed related to this factor (items number 36, 37, 51, and 60), indicating these items should be reversed in future research. This factor also presented a fuzzy result in regard to the item content, whereas one could find positive-related content (74. Eu me sinto muito bem quando vou bem na escola or 70. Eu faço as tarefas de casa.) next to negative-content items, such as 75. Escola é uma chatice or 72. Tarefas escolares são muito chatas para mim.

Reliability analysis

The reliability analysis was carried out via Cronbach Alpha and the McDonald’s omega. The next table describes their results, which can be concluded that while the first factor has high internal consistency, the second one should seem as low-consistency.

f1 f2 total
alpha 0.94 0.60 0.90
omega 0.85 0.52 0.83
omega2 0.85 0.52 0.83
omega3 0.84 0.44 0.81
avevar 0.26 0.28 0.27

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