Aula markdown

About

This is an rmarkdown to analyze….

Packages

Load these packages before running the code

library(knitr)

Anlyses

Load the data

Here I will load my datatable.

mydata <- read.csv("songs.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
kable(mydata)

Species	Individual.identification	Song.frequency
Phyllomedusa nordestina	1	0.067802649
Phyllomedusa nordestina	2	0.376210208
Phyllomedusa nordestine	3	0.570607225
Phyllomedusa nordestina	4	0.617220961
Phyllomedusa nordestina	5	0.377619119
Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis	6	0.823879493
Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis	7	0,120265434422197
Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis	8	0.608162724
Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis	9	0,782765448936129
Phyllomedusa Hypochondrialis	10	0.162430322

Solve table problems

Remove trailing and leading space

# Before running the code
mydata$Species

##  [1] "Phyllomedusa nordestina"          
##  [2] "Phyllomedusa nordestina"          
##  [3] "Phyllomedusa nordestine"          
##  [4] "Phyllomedusa  nordestina"         
##  [5] " Phyllomedusa nordestina"         
##  [6] " Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis"    
##  [7] "Phyllomedusa   hypochondrialis"   
##  [8] "Phyllomedusa      hypochondrialis"
##  [9] "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis  "   
## [10] "Phyllomedusa Hypochondrialis"

mydata$Species <- trimws(mydata$Species)
# After running the code
mydata$Species

##  [1] "Phyllomedusa nordestina"          
##  [2] "Phyllomedusa nordestina"          
##  [3] "Phyllomedusa nordestine"          
##  [4] "Phyllomedusa  nordestina"         
##  [5] "Phyllomedusa nordestina"          
##  [6] "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis"     
##  [7] "Phyllomedusa   hypochondrialis"   
##  [8] "Phyllomedusa      hypochondrialis"
##  [9] "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis"     
## [10] "Phyllomedusa Hypochondrialis"

Transform one or more spaces into one

mydata$Species <- gsub("\\s+", " ", mydata$Species)
mydata$Species

##  [1] "Phyllomedusa nordestina"      "Phyllomedusa nordestina"     
##  [3] "Phyllomedusa nordestine"      "Phyllomedusa nordestina"     
##  [5] "Phyllomedusa nordestina"      "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis"
##  [7] "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis" "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis"
##  [9] "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis" "Phyllomedusa Hypochondrialis"

What names are still wrong?

unique(mydata$Species)

## [1] "Phyllomedusa nordestina"      "Phyllomedusa nordestine"     
## [3] "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis" "Phyllomedusa Hypochondrialis"

Change misspelling

mydata$Species[mydata$Species == "Phyllomedusa nordestine"] <- "Phyllomedusa nordestina"
unique(mydata$Species)

## [1] "Phyllomedusa nordestina"      "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis"
## [3] "Phyllomedusa Hypochondrialis"

mydata$Species[mydata$Species == "Phyllomedusa Hypochondrialis"] <- "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis"
unique(mydata$Species)

## [1] "Phyllomedusa nordestina"      "Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis"

Change decimal separator for dot

# Before running the code
mydata$Song.frequency

##  [1] "0.067802649"       "0.376210208"       "0.570607225"      
##  [4] "0.617220961"       "0.377619119"       "0.823879493"      
##  [7] "0,120265434422197" "0.608162724"       "0,782765448936129"
## [10] "0.162430322"

mydata$Song.frequency <- gsub(",", "\\.", mydata$Song.frequency)
# After running the code
mydata$Song.frequency

##  [1] "0.067802649"       "0.376210208"       "0.570607225"      
##  [4] "0.617220961"       "0.377619119"       "0.823879493"      
##  [7] "0.120265434422197" "0.608162724"       "0.782765448936129"
## [10] "0.162430322"

Change song frequency to number

mydata$Song.frequency <- as.numeric(mydata$Song.frequency)
mydata$Song.frequency

##  [1] 0.06780265 0.37621021 0.57060723 0.61722096 0.37761912 0.82387949
##  [7] 0.12026543 0.60816272 0.78276545 0.16243032

T test

Here the code will run a t-test

testt <- t.test(Song.frequency ~ Species, data = mydata)
testt

## 
##  Welch Two Sample t-test
## 
## data:  Song.frequency by Species
## t = 0.54463, df = 6.8215, p-value = 0.6033
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
##  -0.3284385  0.5236558
## sample estimates:
## mean in group Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis 
##                                  0.4995007 
##      mean in group Phyllomedusa nordestina 
##                                  0.4018920

Plot

boxplot(Song.frequency ~ Species, data = mydata)