Sepsis is defined as acute organ dysfunction caused by an acute infection. There is no single diagnostic test to confirm diagnosis of sepsis, rather it is a complex syndrome. This is a problem in the clinical domain, making sepsis difficult to identify. This problem is amplified in the epidemiology of sepsis. Different groups of experts have created groups of International Calssificationof Diseases diagnosis and procedure codes to identify sepsis cases in administrative data. These data sources continue to be important epidemiological tools given their widespread use and ability to capture population-level data around the world.
In 2015, the US adopted the ICD10 coding system. In this brief report we create a longitudinal timeseries examining the incidence of adult sepsis by different ICD9 and ICD10 definitions.
We utilize the Healthcare Utilization Project’s Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), years 2012-2014 and 2016. We omitted 2015, given that the US adopted ICD10 in hte fourth quarter of this year. This makes the comparative estimation of annual incidences from seasonal quarters more complicated in a disease process that already has a seasonal variation. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the first few months of ICD10 adoption would be less reliable.
The “NIS is the largest publicly available all-payer inpatient health care database in the United States, yielding national estimates of hospital inpatient stays. Unweighted, it contains data from more than 7 million hospital stays each year from ~1,000 hospitals. Weighted, it estimates more than 35 million hospitalizations nationally”. The data from these years represents a 20% stratified sample of discharges from all available US community hospitals in states participating in HCUP.
ICD9 Definitions
ICD10 Definitions
VarName | Sum | StdDev | year | Pop | Rate100K | upper | lower |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
icd9_gbd_explicit | 1520500 | 19286.0 | 2012 | 240291024 | 632.8 | 1559072.0 | 1481928.0 |
icd9_gbd_implicit | 3519636 | 37531.0 | 2012 | 240291024 | 1464.7 | 3594698.0 | 3444574.0 |
icd9_gbd_sepsis | 4222136 | 44281.0 | 2012 | 240291024 | 1757.1 | 4310698.0 | 4133574.0 |
icd9_angus_explicit | 614795 | 8328.4 | 2012 | 240291024 | 255.9 | 631451.8 | 598138.2 |
icd9_angus_implicit | 2611676 | 28446.0 | 2012 | 240291024 | 1086.9 | 2668568.0 | 2554784.0 |
icd9_angus_sepsis | 2779741 | 30138.0 | 2012 | 240291024 | 1156.8 | 2840017.0 | 2719465.0 |
icd9_gbd_explicit | 1716384 | 21638.0 | 2013 | 242625484 | 707.4 | 1759660.0 | 1673108.0 |
icd9_gbd_implicit | 3736723 | 38845.0 | 2013 | 242625484 | 1540.1 | 3814413.0 | 3659033.0 |
icd9_gbd_sepsis | 4519758 | 46599.0 | 2013 | 242625484 | 1862.9 | 4612956.0 | 4426560.0 |
icd9_angus_explicit | 683245 | 9229.1 | 2013 | 242625484 | 281.6 | 701703.2 | 664786.8 |
icd9_angus_implicit | 2751494 | 29381.0 | 2013 | 242625484 | 1134.0 | 2810256.0 | 2692732.0 |
icd9_angus_sepsis | 2945534 | 31384.0 | 2013 | 242625484 | 1214.0 | 3008302.0 | 2882766.0 |
icd9_gbd_explicit | 2007905 | 24949.0 | 2014 | 244986302 | 819.6 | 2057803.0 | 1958007.0 |
icd9_gbd_implicit | 4008747 | 41943.0 | 2014 | 244986302 | 1636.3 | 4092633.0 | 3924861.0 |
icd9_gbd_sepsis | 4916582 | 51021.0 | 2014 | 244986302 | 2006.9 | 5018624.0 | 4814540.0 |
icd9_angus_explicit | 799905 | 10517.0 | 2014 | 244986302 | 326.5 | 820939.0 | 778871.0 |
icd9_angus_implicit | 2930596 | 31361.0 | 2014 | 244986302 | 1196.2 | 2993318.0 | 2867874.0 |
icd9_angus_sepsis | 3166436 | 33728.0 | 2014 | 244986302 | 1292.5 | 3233892.0 | 3098980.0 |
icd10_cms | 2360084 | 26581.0 | 2016 | 249485228 | 946.0 | 2413246.0 | 2306922.0 |
icd10_gbd_explicit | 2364874 | 26623.0 | 2016 | 249485228 | 947.9 | 2418120.0 | 2311628.0 |
icd10_gbd_implicit | 3293437 | 33389.0 | 2016 | 249485228 | 1320.1 | 3360215.0 | 3226659.0 |
icd10_r | 919109 | 11498.0 | 2016 | 249485228 | 368.4 | 942105.0 | 896113.0 |