Catresa Barlow & Wan-Ting Tsai
Our project focuses on smoking among youth and young adults. We wish to learn how tobacco companies communicate with this population and how this population communicates among itself on the subject of e-cigarettes. Our team will use the RedditExtractoR API to collect our data. We will extract discussions from the following subreddits. https://www.reddit.com/r/electronic_cigarette/, https://www.reddit.com/r/vaporents
Tobacco use among youth and young adults represents a major public health concern in the United States. “More than 95% of addicted smokers start before age 21”. Nicotine changes the receptor in the adolescent brain and creates lifelong addiction. (Preventing Tobacco Addiction Foundation, 2019). Although the use of conventional tobacco products by youth and young adults declined in recent decades, the Centers for Disease Control reports an increase in the use of “emerging tobacco products” like e-cigarettes among this population (Office of the Surgeon General, 2016).
E-cigarettes entered the US markets in 2007 (Preventing Tobacco Addiction Foundation, 2019) and use among youth and young adults has increased steadily since the product’s introduction (Office of the Surgeon General, 2016). Sweet flavors like candy apple, bubble gum, marshmallow, cherry cola, smores, chocolate, orange soda, and taffy entice young people to try these products. Online availability of flavored tobacco products makes these products easily accessible by minors (Preventing Tobacco Addiction Foundation, 2019).
Tobacco companies employ social media to market their products to youth and young adults. Cessation and prevention campaigns require an understanding of how this population communicates about and uses these products. We may gain insight into tobacco marketing and patterns of use by analyzing social media platforms.
Our team will use text mining techniques to surveil e-cigarettes users under 25 years of age who post content on Reddit. The goal is to understand how youth and young adults discuss topics of reasons for use, harm perception, frequency of use, flavorings, ad exposure, and quitting experience.
We will employ sentiment analysis algorithms (e.g. coreNLP, cleanNLP, sentimentr) to analysis positive and negative words/sentences used to describe e-cigarette products. We will also look at word frequencies to compare frequencies across different posts/discussions. We will analyze which words occur most often in discussions to identify emerging products and trends.
Quantitatively: We will calculate a term’s tf-idf analysis to measure the importance of various words used. By analyzing word importance, we can understand the language used to describe e-cigarettes and identify trends. We will use ggplot2 to visualize rank, term frequency, and the term frequency distribution. For the sentiment analysis, we will calculate net sentiment of post/discussions and plot the results.
Qualitatively: We will also graph the co-occurrence and correlation between words. This analysis will provide an understanding of e-cigarette use as well as foster discovery of new e-cigarette patterns or trends. We will visualize both types of relationships as networks using the ggraph package.
#install.packages("RedditExtractoR")
library(dplyr)##
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
##
## filter, lag## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## intersect, setdiff, setequal, unionlibrary(RedditExtractoR)
target_urls <- reddit_urls(search_terms="e-cigarette", subreddit="electronic_cigarette", cn_threshold=50)
target_df <- target_urls %>%
filter(num_comments==min(target_urls$num_comments)) %$%
URL %>% reddit_content # get the contents of a small thread##
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|================================ | 50%
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|=================================================================| 100%target_df$comment## [1] "The FDA does not care about teenagers vaping. They just care about tobaccos profit margins. \n\nWhy is cotton candy vodka legal? Why do they allow cigarettes to be sold at gas stations? "
## [2] ">They just care about tobaccos profit margins. \n\nI think you are wrong. At least partially wrong...\n\nI think they care about the *taxes* collected by the government (they are a government agency after all) from tobacco sales.\n\nAs I've mentioned in this sub before, tobacco excise taxes are a brilliant tax collection method.\n\nFirst, the tax is paid *before* the manufacture even ships the product to the wholesaler, it's also very easy to keep track of how much \"product\" is created, with very little effort (ATF labor).\n\nSecond, the wholesaler must pay for the state and local taxes (the \"tax stamp\" on packs of cigarettes) *before* they are allowed to sell their product to retailers. Again it's very easy to know *exactly* what the wholesaler has/owns as it's reported and tracked by the manufacture *and* the ATF.\n\nLastly, at the retailer level a *final tax* (sales tax) is applied.\n\n(That's right, cigarettes are **triple** taxed, and last time I looked they were the highest taxed luxury good in the US.)\n\nThe Federal and State governments are losing *billions* of dollars from people quitting and switching to vaping. It's easy to tax cigarettes there aren't many manufactures and they know *exactly* where the tobacco farms are (they are USDA regulated, another government agency).\n\nThe tobacco industry *and* the Government has worked hand in hand for decades, and it's a mutually beneficial arrangement. And it means big money for *both* of them.\n\nThey have yet to find an easy way to apply these taxes to the vaping industry. (Easy being the key word here. I has to be easy and cheap to maximize government tax revenue.)"
## [3] "Perfect analysis."
## [4] "And states' compensation from the tobacco settlement. \n\nThat isn't incentivising the FDA so much, but it's a good reason for states to regulate vapes as aggressively as they can get away with."
## [5] "^ This man knows his Tobacco Industry and its associated shakedowns!"
## [6] "Family owned wholesale cigarette, tobacco, candy, and grocery (etc) business, I was 3rd generation. \n\nI literally grew up in it, started working when I was about 9. It was all normal dinner table talk growing up.\n\nBeen out of the business for over a decade now. It hasn't changed much.\n\nThe *truth* is that for all the lip service the various Governments have paid to \"health\" and how they have to raise taxes to support \"tobacco related illnesses\" smokers are addicts, and an easy mark for tax increases. \n\nThey've gone back to the well over and over (and over) again. Non-smokers will *always* vote to increase taxes on those \"dirty\" smokers. Smokers are addicts, they will keep buying.\n\nThe money of course doesn't really go into healthcare. It goes into the general fund with all the other taxes.\n\n*Everyone* is going to get old, sick and die eventually, smoker or not. Most will end up on Medicare. The cost will be there regardless. In fact smokers likely die a little faster (and therefore cost a little less) than non-smokers in the end.\n\n\n*But* they have come to rely on this income. I have two predictions. 1) Vaping will be taxed. They really want something easy. Something pre-packaged. Something like Juul's products. The tax will be placed on the \"pods\". Juice will also be taxed (much like pipe or chewing tobacco is). 2) Weed will be legalized *Federally* and taxed in a similar method.\n\nAlcohol also falls under this sort of taxation. \n\n>Federal excise tax revenues\024collected mostly from sales of motor fuel, airline tickets, tobacco, alcohol, and health-related goods and services\024totaled $83.8 billion in 2017, or 2.5 percent of federal tax receipts.\n\n>Revenue from tobacco taxes totaled $13.8 billion in 2017, accounting for 16 percent of all excise tax revenue. Federal excise taxes are imposed on tobacco products, which include cigarettes, cigars, snuff, chewing tobacco, pipe tobacco, and roll-your-own tobacco. The tax is calculated per thousand cigars or cigarettes or per pound of tobacco, depending on the product. The tax equals about $1.00 per pack of 20 cigarettes. Cigarette papers and tubes are also subject to tax. Tobacco taxes are collected when the products leave bonded premises for domestic distribution. Exported products are exempt. Unlike other excise taxes collected by the IRS, alcohol and tobacco taxes are collected by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau of the US Treasury Department.\n\nThat does *not* include State and local taxes...\n\nhttps://www.taxpolicycenter.org/briefing-book/what-are-major-federal-excise-taxes-and-how-much-money-do-they-raise\n\n"
## [7] "They allow gas stations to sell cigs because they are heavily lobbied by Big Pharma, which sells treatments for diseases caused by smoking. Big Pharma is threatened by the success of vaping over their own mediocre stop-smoking products (which are designed to fail in most cases). Big Tobacco, however, is embracing e-cigs."
## [8] "Actual candy itself is terrible for your health. Sugar consumption is causing massive health issues in the western world. "
## [9] "Why don't they listen to the thousands of us that say flavors were crucial in converting to vape? I know it helped me a ton."
## [10] "Because we aren\031t paying the tobacco tax so they don\031t care. "
## [11] "No we are not. Also think about the hit Pharma would take in not being able to.offer treatmemt"
## [12] "Can they just sell flavorless ejuice and include flavor shots separately?"
## [13] "[deleted]"
## [14] "Gud bless Merica!"
## [15] "Fuckin americunts"
## [16] "My local shop sort of does this. The new laws are so restrictive that if they do even a packaging change the juice has to go through testing again and taxes are fairly high on the nicotine, so to make higher nic levels available they sell pure nicotine in a tiny bottle alongside 0mg juice. They don't mix it for you so they're technically not a manufacturer."
## [17] "That seems like a very easy way for someone to get sick from using too much nicotine"
## [18] "Nah. Most vape shops sell in the UK sell their liquids like this. You get a 50ml 0% bottle of flavoured juice, and a separate 10ml, 18%, un-flavoured nic shot. There is enough space in the 50ml bottle to empty the nic shot into it. "
## [19] "This is also correct for the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany (don't know for other parts of Europe). But from the first of June this year ALL bottles of 10ml > are banned in the Netherlands. This includes flavors, base (without nic) and nic (already had been like that for 3y now).\n\nThis means what you describe (Shake and vape) is also going to dissappear here. Shake and vape is like a 50ml nicless bottle with flavour where you throw a shot of nic in (10ml). This won't be allowed anymore. "
## [20] "Can they really ban bottles of pg and vg? If not, can't the shops sell plain base, with multiple maximum sized bottles of flavour shots and nic?"
## [21] "Ooh, I didn\031t know this. \n\nSo presumably, they\031ll start selling mic shots in bottles over 10ml? "
## [22] "Zero nic eliquid is still treated as a tobacco product by FDA.\n\nNB4 *that's bullshit!*\n\nYeah. I know."
## [23] "That's what they do in the UK with \"nicshots\" we buy \"shortfill\" ejuice , so there's 40ml in a 50ml bottle, you buy a 10ml 18mg shot that contains nicotine and VG and you mix yourself at home, making your juice 3mg nicotine . \nSurely they could label the juice as \"mild tobacco\" make it almost tasteless and sell flavour shots. "
## [24] "I'm glad someone posted a solution to this lol I was freaking out for a min"
## [25] "50ml in a 60ml bottle, not 40 in 50.\n\n&#x200B;"
## [26] "And it dampens the flavor and often mixes unevenly, in my experience. Fight this while you still can, Americans "
## [27] "This won't be banned in the UK? In the Netherlands Shake and vape will also be banned. Any bottle that is meant for vaping with more than 10ml is banned here from June first (so the shop can sell everything till that date) "
## [28] "Can they sell flavored swishers and the like in PA? Would be hypocritical to allow grape swisher sweets but say that peach coconut vape juice is no good. "
## [29] "They sell all flavored swishers in PA and they just started allowing alcohol to be sold in gas stations. You can buy grape swishers and a Jamaican Me Crazy Seagrams, but I guess fruity flavored vape juice is the devil"
## [30] "The Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board is all sorts of wierd going back to post prohibition blue laws. Beer is being sold at \"select\" (about 10 statewide) gas stations. That's under a class E license which limits the transaction to 180 ounces and covers only beer. You would need a class D license previously reserved for \"distributors\" to sell at greater volume. There's class R that allows for the sale of wine too but it requires a certain restaurant space square footage for food prep and seating. A lot of grocery stores have added a \"beer garden\" that sits empty. Some gas stations like sheets and wawa already meet that requirement. Liquor (to go) can only be bought at state stores. There's a whole host of lawsuits mainly by distributors who's business model relies on the being the only place to get cases and kegs. "
## [31] "> Would be hypocritical\n\nSee: alcohol and tobacco. now look at cannabis (and many other schedule 1 substances). This is the government we're talking about after all.\n\nI do think that loopholes like this would probably work at least for a while though."
## [32] "Alcohol is already a headache. The Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board is all sorts of wierd going back to post prohibition blue laws. Beer is being sold at \"select\" (about 10 statewide) gas stations. That's under a class E license which limits the transaction to 180 ounces and covers only beer. You would need a class D license previously reserved for \"distributors\" to sell at greater volume. There's class R that allows for the sale of wine too but it requires a certain restaurant space square footage for food prep and seating. A lot of grocery stores have added a \"beer garden\" that sits empty. Some gas stations like sheets and wawa already meet that requirement. Liquor (to go) can only be bought at state stores. There's a whole host of lawsuits mainly by distributors who's business model relies on the being the only place to get cases and kegs. "
## [33] "Hmm so the FDA ordered all B&M shops would have to write down the full ingredients list and process of production for every single individual house made liquid, and then pay a HEFTY, outrageous, absolutely pure bullshit amount of money per flavor if they wanted to keep them on the shelves....and now they want to ban flavors...?"
## [34] "FDA can go fuck them selves"
## [35] "This is absolute BS. I already hate the FDA as it is but this is the icing on the cake. I was a former heavy smoker. I switched to vaping and my only inventive is the fact that inhaling something fruity tastes better than tobacco otherwise I'd just go back to cigarettes. Also... There are fruit flavored tobaccos/blunt raps.. Are they targeting children? What about cotton candy flavored vodka?! "
## [36] "Government mad at losing their tax revenues on tobacco. They will *try* to ban all this stuff but good luck.\n\nTobacco, as a plant -- tough to grow, cure, and prepare for personal use. Mixing some Propylene Glycol, Vegetable Glycerin, and food-grade flavoring, all of which are available everywhere... so easy anyone could do it.\n\nOnce again, technology will win as the slow, lumbering bureaucracy that is our unwieldy federal government will be left in the dust. Might even be part of why Trump & Cain are pushing for moving back towards the gold standard -- cryptocurrencies are starting to get issued with real-world assets backing them."
## [37] "That\031s just ridiculous I\031ve heard that some cities only have tobacco and flavor less \034flavors\035 like WTF"
## [38] "Lobbying is bribery. Merica"
## [39] "It's not like it's much better in Europe, in Portugal at least you'll pay 5 euros for a 10ml 18mg nic shot while it's like 1 euro in Spain, can't order eliquid online even without nicotine due to the 'may contain nicotine' warnings so you'll get fucked. Plus even buying tanks or anything outside of the country can get you a 2000 euro fine, so it's like a battle of who can be the most greedy pieces of shit in setting rules to make people stay on cigarettes."
## [40] "Fuck america"
## [41] ">Vape shops already were penalized with a 40 percent tax on products that must be passed on to customers, he said. That has already caused many businesses to shut down in Pennsylvania.\n\nI hate sound like a broken record but that's all kinds of misleading. It's limited to juice and the tax is on what the store pays wholesale, not what it charges retail customers. Ask a DIYer how much juice costs to make. "
## [42] "I've done that math. I got right around $50 a gallon, but that doesn't include bottles or labelling, and I think that would be significant in context if those are taxed also."
## [43] "Most B&Ms near me are charging around $25/60ml. "
## [44] "Okay so if the shop has to pay the massive tax all on their end, then either that shop is going to take a massive and permanent loss in profits or they are going to be forced to raise product prices to make up for lost profit. These extra taxes would be reflected in product price. "
## [45] "That's true. Taxes are reflected in the price of everything. My point is that the only thing taxed at the moment is juice which should have a very high mark up."
## [46] "Would it be legal to sell the food grade flavours as a package with flavourless juice, and just have them add the flavour to the juice and mix?"
## [47] "I feel for them so much. I had my dream job for a year up u till around 8 or 9 months ago working a small vape shop with just me and my boss/friend. But we met with the owner when he came to town for a monthly visit, discussed possible upcoming regulations, and had to come to the decision that it was smarter to not sign a new lease, sell what we could, then market the rest off to other stores and get out before the government forced us to go under eventually. The worst part is that we, and the other shop in town that closed due to this fear were perfect when it came to ID checking and not selling to under 21s (Ca so 21 plus age requirement). Both myself and my boss, plus the guy who ran tbe other shop on his own were bouncers or had been bouncers so we knew how to spot a fake a mile away. Meanwhile the shops that I have personally seen sell to underage users are running strong and completely unfazed by it all. The people causing the problem dont care because kids will still want the bongs and whatever ecigs they sell, so flavors or not they are still making a living. But shops that were actually doing the right thing, and chose not to also sell things for pot, are closing left and right. Plus gas stations will still sell a pack or Juul to a teen no thought about it. \n\n(Also just to be clear, I didn't mention the not selling weed stuff as some knock against it. I like pot, but it bars us from selling to the large military crowd in town so we chose to stay out. However any shop selling bongs and all the other paraphernalia that also happens to sell vapes doesn't really care about all this because they still have a perfectly viable business.)"
## [48] "So if you sell e-liquid without nicotine in it is that still considered a tobacco product?"
## [49] "If e-cigs are unable to be purchased by minors. Adults are responsible for their children. It is insane that adults can't buy for themselves."
## [50] "As a PA resident, I see no validity in this outrage we vapers are having. We did this to ourselves \n\nInstead of getting off our asses, putting our money where our mouths were, writing our representatives directly (which has proven at the very least somewhat effective across the pond) and making sure that our representation was aware that if they didn't isten to the fact that this is an issue we care very much about they wouldn't get our votes, we instead were content with signing up for bullshit mailing lists like CASAA (which in theory are wonderful, but in practice do absolutely nothing unlike directly appealing to those who are reliant on your votes) and whining on forums like Reddit and ECF. And this is where it has led us.\n\nThere is a reason I have been saying for years that if you want to support your local b&M's, forget hardware and buy juice there. That is where their profits come from and how they stay alive. A bottle here and there instead of a bottle online once in a while goes a long way... But the timeframe on that was limited because we refused to get of our asses and fight for the fact that flavor had as much to do with getting off smokes as anything else (even more so in some cases) and instead just continued to whine about it in the online community, which did nothing to help. The politicians aren't reading the forums; they have open phone lines and email accounts that they must pay attention to, and we we're too lazy to use them. \n\nWe sowed the seeds, and now we will bear the mangled fruit that grows from the arid land we prepped for such a purpose. We have no one to blame but ourselves.\n\nWith that said, although it may be too late, it may not be. We can still call those representatives. We can still point to the internationally recognized health services that have vouched for vaping as an alternative to smoking. We can still try to change the coming tide, but the longer we wait, the more likely it is that we will be swept away by that riding tide and drown alongside many other causes that have been crushed for not very good reason.\n\nThis is on us. The sooner we accept that, the sooner everyone realizes that consequences are coming, the sooner we realize the can will not be kicked further down the road, and the sooner we realize that we either make a concerted effort to change things or the industry we have come to love dies as we know it."
## [51] "It's already hitting 80s here in Virginia. Definitely a no leaving it in the car. Interesting that Vaporesso commented but nothing about his battery."
## [52] "Eh, sure, it's not that good, but a lithium ion can be \"safely\" discharged up to 60C(140f). stationary, you could get it up to 75C(167f). Then it wouldn't even spontanously combust, the fuse would bust, rendering it useless. it shouldn't catch fire untill around 130C(266f)\n\nin 26c(80f) weather, the car will heat up to about 60c(140f) in less then an hour, and i'm not sure how much hotter it will get. \n\nSo, unless the battery was extremely faulty, the heat shouldn't have done too much."
## [53] "That's really useful information thanks! I'm not in the habit of leaving my vape in the car but it does get in the triple digits here sometimes in the summer. Thanks!"
## [54] " I just did some amateur research, don't take anything I said as a fact. Batteries can be very fickle, so you always gotta be careful."
## [55] "I rarely leave things to chance or luck but always appreciate information. :-)"
## [56] "Just a tip, as I live in TX and deal with the heat frequently. You could leave your vape in your car in the heat and it would probably be fine battery wise, but the juice will thin out a little as it gets hot and it will leak everywhere. So you may not explode, but you\031ll have a juicy car"
## [57] "Hmmmm juicy.. ;-) Good point!"
## [58] "This is too true, hate when it happens"
## [59] "But at what temperature do paper thin battery wraps split?"
## [60] "?? Do you think your wrap is stopping it from exploding? The wrap does nothing but isolate positive from negative, and most mods have plastic battery casing to prevent shorting."
## [61] "In a dual cell mod if two unwrapped cells touch you have a 4.2v voltage differential...."
## [62] "Alright, I didn't think about that. But to be fair, in non of my mods my cells touch."
## [63] "Not to mention they are shipped from China on boats in non climate controlled steel shipping containers. Then transported across the country in the same containers on the back of trucks or trains. I'm a firm believer that nothing can happen in your car that hasn't happened worse in a sealed, steel box on the sea for over a week and on the road for another week."
## [64] "Another hit piece. It's almost like batteries have risks or something. I could almost hear tobacco execs rubbing their hands together while reading that."
## [65] "This is getting out of hand. They should really put warnings on those things or something. ;)"
## [66] "> had not used it for four days \n \nThis probably didn't help things..."
## [67] "And the fact it was just sitting in his cup holder, probably in direct sun light."
## [68] "Why ?\n\nworst case scenario is it totally killed the cells, they now contain zero energy, certainly not a fire hazard.\n\nunless .. he left them charging for 4 days, thats my guess.\n\nstill should not be an issue, except car lighter to USB converters are made as cheaply as possible and might die on the high current of a charge, so I an going to guess they were on chatge and there was a failure of a USB supply putting out a higher voltage. If the mosfet in a buck supply fails then you get full input voltage on the output. USB charging chips generally have a max input voltage of 6v."
## [69] "Probably not, though. I could be wrong, but most non-American cars turn off the car power when off and it was a Nissan which generally don't power devices plugged into them when off."
## [70] "I wonder what his battery wraps looked like."
## [71] "This and also which model he used, it sounds like he left it out in \"mild\" weather, which in tennessee it probably means the car was directly in the sun and wicked hot and greenhouse effect heated up and broke his wraps/device"
## [72] "I live in NY and I'm already at the point where leaving the vape in the car is a no. It's barely 60 here, up and down for reference. When that sun is out, it gets warm in there."
## [73] "60\xb0F is jacket weather here in Texas"
## [74] "I'm here in Austin and anything lower is when I start botching about how cold it is"
## [75] "Lol, this is morning I had to put on a long sleeve shirt on and it was in the mid 60\031s\n\nWe are definitely adapted for the heat and anything that isn\031t hot is cold, it\031s 73 now and there is a chill in the air."
## [76] "Then you have Wisconsin where shorts and tshirts are more common once it hits the 50s. Some guys like to wear shorts *all* year."
## [77] "Nice weather today though. Hello neighbor!"
## [78] "Howdy!"
## [79] "I means it\031s about the same here depending on what season you are coming from. But even that \034low\035 the sun will warm up the inside of a car really well. And if there is a hotspot of focused sun beam that can be even worse"
## [80] " 60\xb0F is 'ditch the jacket' weather in NY. :)"
## [81] "I'm in Memphis, we've had high 70s and mid-80s temperatures recently, though a couple of cold fronts bringing it down to the 50s and 60s as well."
## [82] "\034Cold fronts\035"
## [83] "i could put naked cells in my vaporesso with no issues, they are not touching each other and the holder is entirely plastic, also car was parked, what mechanism can you conceive of where a bad wrap could cause this."
## [84] "They might still be in his trash, from when he took them off, before putting them in the mod."
## [85] "Probably had efest 3500's in it"
## [86] "I saw a 6500 once and bought 20 of them\n\n/sarcasm"
## [87] "Are Efests bad? I bought a couple without doing any research, I just liked the colour."
## [88] "You should ALWAYS do at least a little research before buying batteries. This is a potential example of why."
## [89] "I have a vaporesso. I love it. Fingers crossed it doesn't explode in my face."
## [90] "I have plenty power banks that have gone through hell and not once did I experience anything close to this. Are there extreme differences? I understand the differences but I would think they would be similar in nature..."
## [91] "Who leaves a mod in their truck for 4 days? Did he even turn it off? Regardless of the weather the inside of a car or truck will get very warm. \n\nAnd oh no over 200 \034incidents\035 in almost 10 years! Seriously? It\031s probably the safest thing you could do. \n\nReally stupid posting"
## [92] "There it is! You da man...\n\n200 incidents in 10 years is actually *fucking hilarious* in context. \n\nThe amount of time it takes for cigarettes to cause 200 fires is....\n\nTwo weeks, roughly."
## [93] ">mild weather\n\nNever heard of the greenhouse effect?"
## [94] "It would be really cool if manufacturers of hardware had a built in system like Tesla cars do. When a Tesla's batteries are going to vent or get too hot, a warning will flash to the driver to exit the vehicle and call a service center. Not a hardware guy, so I couldn't comment on how hard this would be to implement, but I imagine some sort of voltage or amperage cut off would work? Maybe someone more in the know can comment."
## [95] "I\031ve seen batteries explode In laptops left in hot cars. It\031s 80 outside it\031s well over 110 inside the car."
## [96] ">A Mid-South man has a warning for anyone who uses e-cigarettes.\n\nYeah, don't leave them in a hot car..."
## [97] "I hate these stories! All grandstand and no details. \n\nThe article doesn't say what the device was: the video only show a quick shot of a box with the word \"Luxe\" on it. Anyone recognize this?"
## [98] "It was pretty clearly stated it's a vaporesso mod, probably the vaporesso luxe"
## [99] "Classic Tim!"
## [100] "I like Tim, I rarely have a dish that isn't improved with a dash of salt lol. :-)"
## [101] "Well this is scary! I am already paranoid about this kind of shit as it is."network_list <- target_df %>% user_network(include_author=FALSE, agg=TRUE)
network_list$plot