SBS 2017-03-27

Problem

SBS 뉴스에서는 다음과 같은 도표의 후보지지도 여론조사 결과를 보도.

SBS 뉴스 2017. 3월

막대의 높이에 의구심을 표한 시청자들의 항의에 직면함.

제대로 된 막대그래프를 그리면서 R Base plot과 ggplot에 대하여 학습.

Data Setup

library(extrafont)

## Registering fonts with R

candidates <- c("문재인", "안철수", "안희정", "이재명", "홍준표", "김진태", "심상정", "유승민") 
rates <- c(35.2, 17.4, 12.0, 9.5, 7.7, 5.3, 3.4, 2.6)
party <- c("더불어민주당", "자유한국당", "국민의당", "정의당", "바른정당")
colour_party <- c("blue", "lightgrey", "darkgreen", "purple", "darkblue")
candidates_party <-  c("더불어민주당", "국민의당", "더불어민주당",  "더불어민주당", "자유한국당", "자유한국당", "정의당", "바른정당")
match(candidates_party, party)

## [1] 1 3 1 1 2 2 4 5

candidates_colour <- colour_party[match(candidates_party, party)]

`strsplit()`

c_rates <- format(rates, nsmall = 1, justify = "right")
a <- sapply(strsplit(c_rates, "[.]"), `[`, 1)
b <- sapply(strsplit(c_rates, "[.]"), `[`, 2)
b_perc <- paste(".", b, "%", sep = "")

Colours for rates

col_rates <- c("red", "orange", rep("darkblue", 6))

Barplot (R Base)

barplot(rates)

Place Names under Bars

par(family = "KoPubWorldDotum Medium")
b1 <- barplot(rates, 
              axes = FALSE, 
              col = "dodgerblue", 
              names.arg = candidates,
              cex.names = 1.2,
              ylim = c(0, max(rates) * 1.1))

Names closer to Bars using `mtext()`

par(family = "KoPubWorldDotum Medium")
b1 <- barplot(rates, 
              axes = FALSE, 
              col = "dodgerblue", 
              names.arg = NULL,
              cex.names = 1.2,
              ylim = c(0, max(rates) * 1.1))
mtext(side = 1, at = b1, line = 0, text = candidates)
#> Rates written on top of the Bars with different Colours
text(x = b1, y = rates + rep(1.5, 8), 
    labels = paste(c_rates, "%", sep = ""), 
    col = col_rates, 
    cex = 1.2)
main_title <- "대선주자 지지도"
note_text <- "조사기관:리얼미터, 총응답자:전국 성인 1,525명, 응답률:9.5%, 표준오차:95%신뢰수준 2.5%,
조사방법:유선 ARS 10%, 무선 ARS 71%, 무선전화면접 19%, 조사기간:2017년 3월27일(월)~29일(수)" 
#> Main title inside the plot region
title(main = main_title, cex.main = 1.5, line = -2)

Rates with different font size for digits

par(family = "KoPubWorldDotum Medium")
b1 <- barplot(rates, 
              axes = FALSE, 
              col = "dodgerblue", 
              names.arg = NULL,
              cex.names = 1.2,
              ylim = c(0, max(rates) * 1.1))
mtext(side = 1, at = b1, line = 0, text = candidates)
#> text for integer part
text(x = b1 - c(rep(0.4, 3), rep(0.3, 5)), y = rates + rep(1.5, 8), 
     labels = a, 
     col = col_rates, 
     cex = 1.6)
#> text for digits
text(x = b1 + 0.2, y = rates + rep(1.5, 8), 
     labels = b_perc, 
     col = col_rates, 
     cex = 1.2)
#> Rectagle for main title
rect(xleft = mean(b1) - 2, ybottom = max(rates) - 6, xright = mean(b1) + 2, 
     ytop = max(rates), col = "dodgerblue4")
#> Main title
text(x = mean(b1), y = max(rates) - 3, labels = main_title, col = "white", cex = 1.5)
#> Text for notes
text(x = mean(b1) - 2, y = max(rates) - 8, labels = note_text, cex = 0.5, adj = 0)
box(which = "outer", lwd = 3)

# dev.copy(png, "../pics/sbs170331.png", width = 640, height = 320)
# dev.off()

ggplot

Data for ggplot

library(ggplot2)
candidates_f <- factor(candidates, levels = candidates)
rates_df <- data.frame(후보 = candidates_f, 
                       정당 = candidates_party, 
                       색깔 = candidates_colour,
                       지지도 = rates)

data and mapping

g0 <- ggplot(data = rates_df, 
             mapping = aes(x = 후보, y = 지지도))

`geom_bar()` with single colour for the bars

(g1 <- g0 +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", 
           fill = "dodgerblue"))

Fill the bars with party colours

(g1.1 <- g0 +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity", 
           fill = candidates_colour))

Font family setting with `g1`

(g2 <- g1 +
  theme_void(base_family = "KoPubWorldDotum Medium"))

Add rates on top of the bars

(g3.0 <- g2 +
  geom_text(mapping = aes(x = 후보, 
                          y = 지지도 + rep(1, 8), 
                          label = paste(지지도, "%", sep = "")), 
                          size = 6))

Different font size for digits

(g3 <- g2 +
    geom_text(mapping = aes(x = 후보, 
                            y = 지지도 + rep(1, 8), 
                            label = a), 
              hjust = 1,
              size = 8,
              colour = col_rates) +
    geom_text(mapping = aes(x = 후보, 
                          y = 지지도 + rep(1, 8), 
                          label = b_perc),
              hjust = 0,
              size = 5,
              colour = col_rates))

Main title (left-justified)

(g4 <- g3 +
  labs(title = main_title))

Main title at the center

(g5 <- g4 +
  theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5)))

Rates at y-axis

(g6 <- g5 +
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = rates, 
                     labels = c_rates))

Clear axes

(g7 <- g6 +
  theme(panel.border = element_blank(),
        axis.title.x = element_blank(),
        axis.title.y = element_blank(),
        axis.text.x = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks = element_blank(), 
        axis.text.y = element_blank()))

Names closer to the bars

(g8 <- g7 +
    geom_text(mapping = aes(x = 후보,
                            y = -1,
                            label = 후보),
              size = 5,
              family = "KoPubWorldDotum Medium"))

Main title inside the plot region

(g9 <- g8 +
    ggtitle("") +
    annotate("text", 
             x = mean(b1), 
             y = max(rates) - 3, 
             label = main_title, 
             vjust = 0, 
             size = 10, 
             family = "KoPubWorldDotum Medium"))

`geom_label()` to enclose the main title in bounding box

(g9.1 <- g8 +
    ggtitle("") +
    geom_label(mapping = aes(x = mean(b1), 
                             y = max(rates) - 3, 
                             label = main_title),
               label.padding = unit(0.9, "lines"),
               size = 10,
               fill = "dodgerblue4",
               colour = "white",
               family = "KoPubWorldDotum Bold"))

Notes

(g9.2 <- g9.1 + 
    annotate("text", 
             x = mean(b1) - 1, y = max(rates) - 8, 
             label = note_text, 
             size = 2, 
             hjust = 0,
             family = "KoPubWorldDotum Medium"))

ggsave("../pics/sbs170331.png", 
       g9.2, width = 8, height = 4, dpi = 72)

SBS 2017-03-27

Problem

Data Setup

strsplit()

Colours for rates

Barplot (R Base)

Place Names under Bars

Names closer to Bars using mtext()

Rates with different font size for digits

ggplot

Data for ggplot

data and mapping

geom_bar() with single colour for the bars

Fill the bars with party colours

Font family setting with g1

Add rates on top of the bars

Different font size for digits

Main title (left-justified)

Main title at the center

Rates at y-axis

Clear axes

Names closer to the bars

Main title inside the plot region

geom_label() to enclose the main title in bounding box

Notes

`strsplit()`

Names closer to Bars using `mtext()`

`geom_bar()` with single colour for the bars

Font family setting with `g1`

`geom_label()` to enclose the main title in bounding box