Tobacco
Doc Larry
April 6, 2019
Set Up
For this study, R statistical software (1) provided the statistical computations. Data and calculations are posted to RPubs for replication. Statistical packages used for the analysis include lemon (2), psych (3), ggplot2 (4), knitr (5), and scales (6).
R Core Team (2018). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
Stefan McKinnon Edwards (2019). lemon: Freshing Up your ‘ggplot2’ Plots. R package version 0.4.3. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=lemon
Revelle, W. (2018) psych: Procedures for Personality and Psychological Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA, https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=psych Version = 1.8.12.
H. Wickham. ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis. Springer-Verlag New York, 201
Yihui Xie (2018). knitr: A General-Purpose Package for Dynamic Report Generation in R. R package version 1.20.
Hadley Wickham (2018). scales: Scale Functions for Visualization. R package version 1.0.0. https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=scales
Read the Data
Qualtrix provided the data collection source (anonymous) for the IRB-approved study. A total of n=65 valid responses from field experts provided the basis for our analysis. Scoring or knowledge responses added additional variables to the dataset. For Likert-scaled knowledge variables, “strongly disagree” and “disagree” collapsed into a single factor level. Similarly, “strongly agree” and “agree” became a single response for knowledge assessment. The survey included 17 knowledge variables, and the proportion correct by respondent was an additional feature created post survey.
###################Read the Data#########################
mydata=read.csv("C:/Users/lfult/Desktop/Paula/butts2.csv")
#NOTE: Variables are reordered for ease in processing.
data.frame(head(mydata))| ID | Duration | Lat | Long | Q2_KnowTPW. | Q3_CigButtsTPW. | Q3_ButtsCorrect | Q3PackagingCorrect | Q3BagsCorrect | Q3EwasteCorrect | Q3AshtraysCorrect | Q32dHandCorrect | Q4Correct | Q5FiltersCorrect | Q5HarmlessCorrect | Q5SmokeEasyCorrect | Q5ButtsTPWCorrect | Q6correct | Q7HealthCorrect | Q7EnvironCorrect | Q7WaterCorrect | Q7AnimalsCorrect | Q7FishCorrect | PerCorrect | Q6ButtCompo | Q6ButtCompoOther | Q10RankTPW1 | Q10RankTPW2 | Q10RankTPW3 | Q10RankTPW4 | Q10RankTPW5 | Q10RankTPW6 | Q10RankTPW7 | Q10RankTPW8 | Q10RankTPW9 | Q3PackagingTPW. | Q3BagsTPW. | Q3EWasteTPW. | Q3AshtraysTPW. | Q32dHandTPW. | Q4TopTrash | Q5KnowTPW | Q5FiltersBiodegradable | Q5FiltersLessHarmful | Q5FiltersSmokeEasier | Q5ButtsTPW | Q7Health | Q7Environ | Q7Water | Q7Animals | Q7Fish | Q821EPRPS | Q9International | Q9OrgTPW | Q9ButtsTobaccouse | Q9BanningFilters | Q9LitterFee | Q9BanSmokeOutdoors | Q9WasteReceptacles | Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry | Q11EPRPSTPW | Q11FrameworkTPW | Q11OrgTPW | Q11LearnMore | Q13ButtCleanup | Q14Gender | Q15Age | Q18Country | CtryGpName | CtyGpName2 | Q19TimeWorked | Q2NoAdvocacy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 355 | 32.74249 | -117.2433 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1.000 | Plastic | NA | 7 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 3 | NA | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Butts | SA | SD | SD | SA | SA | A | SA | A | SA | SA | Both | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | SD | D | SA | A | SA | SA | Yes | Male | Over 50 | USA | Americas | Americas | More than 10 years | Yes |
| 2 | 572 | -33.00000 | -56.0000 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.824 | Other (please specify) | Acetato | 5 | 8 | 3 | 7 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 9 | Yes | NA | Yes | NA | Yes | Butts | D | SD | SD | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | Neither | SA | D | SA | NA | NA | NA | D | SD | A | SA | D | A | Yes | Male | 41 to 50 | America Latina | Americas | Americas | More than 10 years | Yes |
| 3 | 517 | -12.05000 | -77.0500 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.824 | Plastic | NA | 6 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | NA | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Plastics | A | SD | SD | D | A | SA | SA | SA | A | SA | Neither | SA | D | NA | NA | A | SD | SD | A | NA | A | D | SA | Yes | Female | Over 50 | Peru | Americas | Americas | More than 10 years | No |
| 4 | 2895 | 49.10640 | -122.8251 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.706 | Plastic,Other (please specify) | Asbestos? | 5 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | NA | Yes | No | NA | NA | NA | Butts | A | SD | SD | SD | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | Neither | SA | SA | SA | SA | A | SA | A | D | SA | SA | SA | SA | Yes | Male | Over 50 | Canada | Americas | Americas | More than 10 years | Yes |
| 5 | 344 | 39.04550 | -76.9242 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1.000 | Paper,Plastic | NA | 6 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 8 | 4 | 3 | NA | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Butts | A | SD | SD | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | Both | A | A | A | SA | SA | A | SD | D | SA | SA | A | A | Yes | Male | Over 50 | USA | Americas | Americas | More than 10 years | No |
| 6 | 911 | -41.28661 | 174.7756 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.882 | Plastic,Other (please specify) | Cellulose | 6 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 4 | NA | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | Butts | SA | SD | SD | SD | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | Both | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | SA | D | SA | SA | A | A | No | Female | Over 50 | New Zealand | Western Pacific | Western Pacific | More than 10 years | Yes |
#########################################################Describe the Data
There were n=65 valid surveys in this study intended to evaluate knowledge as well as describe attitudes and perceptions of the population of interest. Participants represented 37 countries and 5 World Health Organization regions. All participants were 31 and older, with the vast majority (48%) reporting that they were over 50. The gender distribution was relatively balanced with 31 males, 28 females, and 6 non-disclosures. Most participants (76%) had worked 10 years or more in tobacco control. Very few (20%) were involved in any environmental groups. Univariate descriptives for each variable follow.
####################Describe#############################
b=data.frame(describe(mydata))
b| vars | n | mean | sd | median | trimmed | mad | min | max | range | skew | kurtosis | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ID | 1 | 65 | 33.0000000 | 1.890767e+01 | 33.0000000 | 33.0000000 | 23.7216000 | 1.00000 | 65.0000 | 64.0000 | 0.0000000 | -1.2555094 | 2.345208e+00 |
| Duration | 2 | 65 | 43411.4461538 | 1.981989e+05 | 927.0000000 | 1464.5660377 | 575.2488000 | 162.00000 | 1392855.0000 | 1392693.0000 | 5.5031045 | 32.0854647 | 2.458354e+04 |
| Lat | 3 | 59 | 21.3408845 | 2.933472e+01 | 28.5700073 | 23.6454402 | 26.1879020 | -41.28661 | 60.2159 | 101.5025 | -0.7683069 | -0.5443120 | 3.819056e+00 |
| Long | 4 | 59 | -10.9300695 | 8.417582e+01 | -0.2174072 | -12.9191348 | 111.8873671 | -171.75729 | 174.7756 | 346.5329 | 0.2139290 | -0.8986672 | 1.095876e+01 |
| Q2_KnowTPW. | 5 | 64 | 0.8281250 | 3.802542e-01 | 1.0000000 | 0.9038462 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -1.6988533 | 0.9009078 | 4.753180e-02 |
| Q3_CigButtsTPW. | 6 | 65 | 1.0000000 | 0.000000e+00 | 1.0000000 | 1.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 1.0000 | 0.0000 | NaN | NaN | 0.000000e+00 |
| Q3_ButtsCorrect | 7 | 65 | 1.0000000 | 0.000000e+00 | 1.0000000 | 1.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 1.0000 | 0.0000 | NaN | NaN | 0.000000e+00 |
| Q3PackagingCorrect | 8 | 65 | 0.8769231 | 3.310821e-01 | 1.0000000 | 0.9622642 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -2.2418863 | 3.0740538 | 4.106570e-02 |
| Q3BagsCorrect | 9 | 65 | 0.7384615 | 4.428926e-01 | 1.0000000 | 0.7924528 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -1.0602702 | -0.8887945 | 5.493410e-02 |
| Q3EwasteCorrect | 10 | 65 | 0.6000000 | 4.937104e-01 | 1.0000000 | 0.6226415 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -0.3988635 | -1.8689546 | 6.123720e-02 |
| Q3AshtraysCorrect | 11 | 65 | 0.5538462 | 5.009606e-01 | 1.0000000 | 0.5660377 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -0.2116643 | -1.9850307 | 6.213650e-02 |
| Q32dHandCorrect | 12 | 65 | 0.7384615 | 4.428926e-01 | 1.0000000 | 0.7924528 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -1.0602702 | -0.8887945 | 5.493410e-02 |
| Q4Correct | 13 | 65 | 0.8153846 | 3.910046e-01 | 1.0000000 | 0.8867925 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -1.5883830 | 0.5318492 | 4.849820e-02 |
| Q5FiltersCorrect | 14 | 65 | 0.8769231 | 3.310821e-01 | 1.0000000 | 0.9622642 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -2.2418863 | 3.0740538 | 4.106570e-02 |
| Q5HarmlessCorrect | 15 | 65 | 0.9846154 | 1.240347e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -7.6939700 | 58.0915976 | 1.538460e-02 |
| Q5SmokeEasyCorrect | 16 | 65 | 0.7076923 | 4.583625e-01 | 1.0000000 | 0.7547170 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -0.8922940 | -1.2219035 | 5.685290e-02 |
| Q5ButtsTPWCorrect | 17 | 65 | 0.9230769 | 2.685431e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -3.1024300 | 7.7449310 | 3.330870e-02 |
| Q6correct | 18 | 65 | 0.6000000 | 4.937104e-01 | 1.0000000 | 0.6226415 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -0.3988635 | -1.8689546 | 6.123720e-02 |
| Q7HealthCorrect | 19 | 65 | 0.9384615 | 2.421856e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -3.5651669 | 10.8784829 | 3.003940e-02 |
| Q7EnvironCorrect | 20 | 65 | 0.9846154 | 1.240347e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -7.6939700 | 58.0915976 | 1.538460e-02 |
| Q7WaterCorrect | 21 | 65 | 0.9384615 | 2.421856e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -3.5651669 | 10.8784829 | 3.003940e-02 |
| Q7AnimalsCorrect | 22 | 65 | 0.9692308 | 1.740358e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -5.3093883 | 26.5995341 | 2.158650e-02 |
| Q7FishCorrect | 23 | 65 | 0.9846154 | 1.240347e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 0.00000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | -7.6939700 | 58.0915976 | 1.538460e-02 |
| PerCorrect | 24 | 65 | 0.8371385 | 1.117789e-01 | 0.8240000 | 0.8457736 | 0.0874734 | 0.29400 | 1.0000 | 0.7060 | -1.7694239 | 6.4804206 | 1.386450e-02 |
| Q6ButtCompo* | 25 | 63 | 11.0793651 | 4.289152e+00 | 13.0000000 | 11.4901961 | 2.9652000 | 1.00000 | 16.0000 | 15.0000 | -0.6365968 | -0.9715464 | 5.403824e-01 |
| Q6ButtCompoOther* | 26 | 14 | 6.5714286 | 3.344669e+00 | 6.5000000 | 6.5833333 | 3.7065000 | 1.00000 | 12.0000 | 11.0000 | -0.0532970 | -1.2606436 | 8.939005e-01 |
| Q10RankTPW1 | 27 | 62 | 5.6612903 | 1.658990e+00 | 6.0000000 | 5.7600000 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 8.0000 | 7.0000 | -0.5651787 | -0.2705765 | 2.106919e-01 |
| Q10RankTPW2 | 28 | 62 | 4.4354839 | 2.372112e+00 | 5.0000000 | 4.3600000 | 2.9652000 | 1.00000 | 8.0000 | 7.0000 | 0.1153403 | -1.6062883 | 3.012586e-01 |
| Q10RankTPW3 | 29 | 62 | 4.1451613 | 1.400782e+00 | 4.0000000 | 4.1400000 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 7.0000 | 6.0000 | 0.1331220 | -0.7518178 | 1.778995e-01 |
| Q10RankTPW4 | 30 | 62 | 3.3870968 | 3.090731e+00 | 1.0000000 | 3.0600000 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 9.0000 | 8.0000 | 0.7198535 | -1.2723599 | 3.925232e-01 |
| Q10RankTPW5 | 31 | 61 | 6.0000000 | 1.622755e+00 | 6.0000000 | 6.1224490 | 1.4826000 | 2.00000 | 8.0000 | 6.0000 | -0.4373370 | -0.7825117 | 2.077725e-01 |
| Q10RankTPW6 | 32 | 62 | 6.1935484 | 1.628020e+00 | 6.5000000 | 6.3200000 | 2.2239000 | 2.00000 | 9.0000 | 7.0000 | -0.5992872 | -0.5761336 | 2.067588e-01 |
| Q10RankTPW7 | 33 | 62 | 3.9516129 | 1.787272e+00 | 4.0000000 | 3.7600000 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 8.0000 | 7.0000 | 0.7325311 | -0.0560546 | 2.269838e-01 |
| Q10RankTPW8 | 34 | 62 | 2.5322581 | 1.695875e+00 | 2.0000000 | 2.2400000 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 8.0000 | 7.0000 | 1.3145775 | 1.2889841 | 2.153763e-01 |
| Q10RankTPW9 | 35 | 17 | 7.7058824 | 2.592410e+00 | 9.0000000 | 8.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 2.00000 | 9.0000 | 7.0000 | -1.5182805 | 0.4435043 | 6.287517e-01 |
| Q3PackagingTPW.* | 36 | 61 | 1.9344262 | 2.495898e-01 | 2.0000000 | 2.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | -3.4240537 | 9.8870281 | 3.195670e-02 |
| Q3BagsTPW.* | 37 | 61 | 1.2131148 | 4.129065e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.1428571 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.3668091 | -0.1332148 | 5.286730e-02 |
| Q3EWasteTPW.* | 38 | 55 | 1.7090909 | 4.583678e-01 | 2.0000000 | 1.7555556 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | -0.8957404 | -1.2188239 | 6.180630e-02 |
| Q3AshtraysTPW.* | 39 | 57 | 1.6315789 | 4.866643e-01 | 2.0000000 | 1.6595745 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | -0.5312514 | -1.7475121 | 6.446030e-02 |
| Q32dHandTPW.* | 40 | 58 | 1.1724138 | 3.810388e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.1041667 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.6897921 | 0.8713065 | 5.003280e-02 |
| Q4TopTrash* | 41 | 65 | 1.1846154 | 3.910046e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.1132075 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.5883830 | 0.5318492 | 4.849820e-02 |
| Q5KnowTPW* | 42 | 57 | 1.8070175 | 9.899242e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.6808511 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | 0.8170940 | -0.6700534 | 1.311187e-01 |
| Q5FiltersBiodegradable* | 43 | 61 | 2.4426230 | 8.664985e-01 | 3.0000000 | 2.5510204 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 3.0000 | 2.0000 | -0.9602748 | -0.9883516 | 1.109438e-01 |
| Q5FiltersLessHarmful* | 44 | 64 | 1.8906250 | 3.145764e-01 | 2.0000000 | 1.9807692 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | -2.4446935 | 4.0403860 | 3.932210e-02 |
| Q5FiltersSmokeEasier* | 45 | 61 | 2.3606557 | 1.140655e+00 | 3.0000000 | 2.3265306 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | -0.0588312 | -1.5306876 | 1.460459e-01 |
| Q5ButtsTPW* | 46 | 63 | 2.8571429 | 5.918027e-01 | 3.0000000 | 3.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | -2.2599606 | 5.2110053 | 7.456010e-02 |
| Q7Health* | 47 | 64 | 2.5468750 | 8.151285e-01 | 3.0000000 | 2.6730769 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 3.0000 | 2.0000 | -1.2735155 | -0.2844950 | 1.018911e-01 |
| Q7Environ* | 48 | 64 | 1.9531250 | 2.130420e-01 | 2.0000000 | 2.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | -4.1873890 | 15.7815422 | 2.663030e-02 |
| Q7Water* | 49 | 63 | 2.7142857 | 6.822300e-01 | 3.0000000 | 2.8823529 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 3.0000 | 2.0000 | -1.9893240 | 2.1264544 | 8.595290e-02 |
| Q7Animals* | 50 | 63 | 1.8253968 | 3.826766e-01 | 2.0000000 | 1.9019608 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | -1.6736419 | 0.8147620 | 4.821270e-02 |
| Q7Fish* | 51 | 64 | 1.9062500 | 2.937848e-01 | 2.0000000 | 2.0000000 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | -2.7224166 | 5.4981900 | 3.672310e-02 |
| Q821EPRPS* | 52 | 64 | 2.4687500 | 8.158888e-01 | 3.0000000 | 2.5384615 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | -0.6779855 | -0.6795220 | 1.019861e-01 |
| Q9International* | 53 | 63 | 2.7301587 | 6.769559e-01 | 3.0000000 | 2.9019608 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 3.0000 | 2.0000 | -2.0855824 | 2.4612798 | 8.528840e-02 |
| Q9OrgTPW* | 54 | 55 | 2.0000000 | 8.606630e-01 | 2.0000000 | 1.9555556 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | 0.3422309 | -0.8792727 | 1.160518e-01 |
| Q9ButtsTobaccouse* | 55 | 59 | 2.0677966 | 9.976594e-01 | 2.0000000 | 2.0612245 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | -0.0300382 | -1.8214808 | 1.298842e-01 |
| Q9BanningFilters* | 56 | 55 | 2.2727273 | 9.709588e-01 | 3.0000000 | 2.2888889 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | -0.3132045 | -1.5030233 | 1.309241e-01 |
| Q9LitterFee* | 57 | 59 | 1.6610169 | 4.774274e-01 | 2.0000000 | 1.6938776 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | -0.6630866 | -1.5863464 | 6.215570e-02 |
| Q9BanSmokeOutdoors* | 58 | 59 | 2.2033898 | 1.030227e+00 | 3.0000000 | 2.2040816 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | -0.2179083 | -1.7352956 | 1.341241e-01 |
| Q9WasteReceptacles* | 59 | 55 | 2.2909091 | 1.196797e+00 | 2.0000000 | 2.2444444 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | 0.3303365 | -1.4571161 | 1.613761e-01 |
| Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry* | 60 | 55 | 2.8909091 | 1.196797e+00 | 4.0000000 | 2.9777778 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | -0.3035133 | -1.6176076 | 1.613761e-01 |
| Q11EPRPSTPW* | 61 | 51 | 2.5490196 | 8.321953e-01 | 3.0000000 | 2.6829268 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 3.0000 | 2.0000 | -1.2748989 | -0.3412324 | 1.165307e-01 |
| Q11FrameworkTPW* | 62 | 52 | 2.0769231 | 9.870962e-01 | 3.0000000 | 2.0952381 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 3.0000 | 2.0000 | -0.1497839 | -1.9762719 | 1.368856e-01 |
| Q11OrgTPW* | 63 | 55 | 2.1454545 | 1.078720e+00 | 2.0000000 | 2.0666667 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | 0.5853472 | -0.9524477 | 1.454545e-01 |
| Q11LearnMore* | 64 | 55 | 1.9090909 | 9.864401e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.8888889 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 3.0000 | 2.0000 | 0.1775223 | -1.9669392 | 1.330115e-01 |
| Q13ButtCleanup* | 65 | 60 | 1.3666667 | 4.859611e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.3333333 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | 0.5395951 | -1.7369577 | 6.273730e-02 |
| Q14Gender* | 66 | 59 | 1.5254237 | 5.036396e-01 | 2.0000000 | 1.5306122 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | -0.0992488 | -2.0235909 | 6.556830e-02 |
| Q15Age* | 67 | 57 | 2.2982456 | 8.444126e-01 | 3.0000000 | 2.3617021 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 3.0000 | 2.0000 | -0.5897212 | -1.3649601 | 1.118452e-01 |
| Q18Country* | 68 | 63 | 19.7936508 | 1.108058e+01 | 19.0000000 | 19.8823529 | 13.3434000 | 1.00000 | 37.0000 | 36.0000 | 0.0113633 | -1.2698232 | 1.396022e+00 |
| CtryGpName* | 69 | 65 | 3.1692308 | 1.409446e+00 | 3.0000000 | 3.0754717 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 6.0000 | 5.0000 | 0.5612127 | -0.7936275 | 1.748203e-01 |
| CtyGpName2* | 70 | 65 | 2.3538462 | 1.304209e+00 | 2.0000000 | 2.2264151 | 1.4826000 | 1.00000 | 5.0000 | 4.0000 | 0.5864182 | -0.9022123 | 1.617672e-01 |
| Q19TimeWorked* | 71 | 58 | 3.6206897 | 8.127835e-01 | 4.0000000 | 3.7916667 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 4.0000 | 3.0000 | -1.9261730 | 2.4235171 | 1.067237e-01 |
| Q2NoAdvocacy* | 72 | 59 | 1.2203390 | 4.180330e-01 | 1.0000000 | 1.1632653 | 0.0000000 | 1.00000 | 2.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.3153076 | -0.2737488 | 5.442330e-02 |
#########################################################Univariate Plots
One of the research questions was the knowledge performance based on respondent demographics. A histogram of response correctness illustrates that the distribution is negatively skewed. Parsing this variable by country group, by age, and by gender reveals little differentiation.
##############Demographic Plots####################
attach(mydata)
myf=function(x,labl){
myt=data.frame(table(x, useNA="ifany"))
colnames(myt)=c(labl, "Freq")
myt$Percent=myt$Freq/65
ggplot(myt, aes(x=reorder(myt[,1],-Percent), y=Percent))+
geom_bar(stat="identity", fill="lightblue")+
ylab("Percent")+
xlab(labl)+
geom_text(aes(label=Freq), vjust=1.6, color="black", size=3.5)
}
myf(Q14Gender,"Gender")
myf(Q15Age, "Age")
myf(Q2NoAdvocacy, "Advocacy")
myf(Q19TimeWorked, "Years Worked Tobacco Control")
myf(CtryGpName, "WHO Region")
#########################################################
##############Plot of Percent Correct####################
z=ggplot(mydata, aes(x=PerCorrect))+
geom_histogram(bins=10, fill="lightblue", color="black")+
ylab("Frequency")+
xlab("Percent Correct")
z
#########################################################
##################Facet Grid by Ctry#####################
p<-ggplot(mydata, aes(x=PerCorrect))+
geom_histogram(bins=10,color="black", fill="lightblue")+
facet_grid(CtryGpName ~ .)+
ylab("Counts")+
xlab("Percent Correct")
p
#########################################################
##################Facet by Gender########################
q<-ggplot(mydata, aes(x=PerCorrect))+
geom_histogram(bins=10,color="black", fill="lightblue")+
facet_grid(mydata$Q14Gender ~ .)+
ylab("Counts")+
xlab("Percent Correct")
q
#########################################################
##################Facet by Age###########################
r<-ggplot(mydata, aes(x=PerCorrect))+
geom_histogram(bins=10,color="black", fill="lightblue")+
facet_grid(mydata$Q15Age~ .)+
ylab("Counts")+
xlab("Percent Correct")
r
#########################################################Univariate Tables
Univariate tables..These are parsed for article preparation.
#####################Tables##############################
for (i in 5: length(mydata)){
t=data.frame(table(mydata[,i]))
colnames(t)=c(colnames(mydata[i]), "Freq")
print(t)
}## Q2_KnowTPW. Freq
## 1 0 11
## 2 1 53
## Q3_CigButtsTPW. Freq
## 1 1 65
## Q3_ButtsCorrect Freq
## 1 1 65
## Q3PackagingCorrect Freq
## 1 0 8
## 2 1 57
## Q3BagsCorrect Freq
## 1 0 17
## 2 1 48
## Q3EwasteCorrect Freq
## 1 0 26
## 2 1 39
## Q3AshtraysCorrect Freq
## 1 0 29
## 2 1 36
## Q32dHandCorrect Freq
## 1 0 17
## 2 1 48
## Q4Correct Freq
## 1 0 12
## 2 1 53
## Q5FiltersCorrect Freq
## 1 0 8
## 2 1 57
## Q5HarmlessCorrect Freq
## 1 0 1
## 2 1 64
## Q5SmokeEasyCorrect Freq
## 1 0 19
## 2 1 46
## Q5ButtsTPWCorrect Freq
## 1 0 5
## 2 1 60
## Q6correct Freq
## 1 0 26
## 2 1 39
## Q7HealthCorrect Freq
## 1 0 4
## 2 1 61
## Q7EnvironCorrect Freq
## 1 0 1
## 2 1 64
## Q7WaterCorrect Freq
## 1 0 4
## 2 1 61
## Q7AnimalsCorrect Freq
## 1 0 2
## 2 1 63
## Q7FishCorrect Freq
## 1 0 1
## 2 1 64
## PerCorrect Freq
## 1 0.294 1
## 2 0.647 2
## 3 0.706 7
## 4 0.765 8
## 5 0.824 15
## 6 0.882 16
## 7 0.941 12
## 8 1 4
## Q6ButtCompo Freq
## 1 Cork 1
## 2 Cotton 1
## 3 Cotton,Cork 1
## 4 Cotton,Paper 2
## 5 Cotton,Paper,Plastic 5
## 6 Cotton,Paper,Plastic,Cork 4
## 7 Cotton,Paper,Plastic,Other (please specify) 1
## 8 Cotton,Plastic 2
## 9 Other (please specify) 7
## 10 Paper 2
## 11 Paper,Cork 1
## 12 Paper,Other (please specify) 1
## 13 Paper,Plastic 10
## 14 Paper,Plastic,Other (please specify) 2
## 15 Plastic 20
## 16 Plastic,Other (please specify) 3
## Q6ButtCompoOther Freq
## 1 acétate de cellulose 1
## 2 Acetato 1
## 3 Acetato (Es un derivado de petroleo) 1
## 4 Asbestos? 1
## 5 Benzene, nicotine, cadimuim and other chemicals 1
## 6 cellulose 2
## 7 Cellulose 1
## 8 Cellulose acetate 2
## 9 Cellulose acetate is a sort of plastified paper 1
## 10 cellulose acetate, a plastic 1
## 11 cellulose and cprobably many other 1
## 12 Rayon 1
## Q10RankTPW1 Freq
## 1 1 1
## 2 2 1
## 3 3 6
## 4 4 6
## 5 5 11
## 6 6 16
## 7 7 13
## 8 8 8
## Q10RankTPW2 Freq
## 1 1 3
## 2 2 20
## 3 3 5
## 4 4 2
## 5 5 9
## 6 6 3
## 7 7 14
## 8 8 6
## Q10RankTPW3 Freq
## 1 1 1
## 2 2 5
## 3 3 18
## 4 4 12
## 5 5 15
## 6 6 8
## 7 7 3
## Q10RankTPW4 Freq
## 1 1 34
## 2 2 4
## 3 4 3
## 4 5 4
## 5 6 1
## 6 7 1
## 7 8 12
## 8 9 3
## Q10RankTPW5 Freq
## 1 2 1
## 2 3 4
## 3 4 7
## 4 5 10
## 5 6 13
## 6 7 12
## 7 8 14
## Q10RankTPW6 Freq
## 1 2 1
## 2 3 3
## 3 4 9
## 4 5 4
## 5 6 14
## 6 7 16
## 7 8 14
## 8 9 1
## Q10RankTPW7 Freq
## 1 1 2
## 2 2 12
## 3 3 13
## 4 4 17
## 5 5 7
## 6 6 5
## 7 7 1
## 8 8 5
## Q10RankTPW8 Freq
## 1 1 21
## 2 2 16
## 3 3 12
## 4 4 6
## 5 5 2
## 6 6 2
## 7 7 2
## 8 8 1
## Q10RankTPW9 Freq
## 1 2 2
## 2 3 1
## 3 8 2
## 4 9 12
## Q3PackagingTPW. Freq
## 1 No 4
## 2 Yes 57
## Q3BagsTPW. Freq
## 1 No 48
## 2 Yes 13
## Q3EWasteTPW. Freq
## 1 No 16
## 2 Yes 39
## Q3AshtraysTPW. Freq
## 1 No 21
## 2 Yes 36
## Q32dHandTPW. Freq
## 1 No 48
## 2 Yes 10
## Q4TopTrash Freq
## 1 Butts 53
## 2 Plastics 12
## Q5KnowTPW Freq
## 1 A 30
## 2 D 12
## 3 SA 11
## 4 SD 4
## Q5FiltersBiodegradable Freq
## 1 D 15
## 2 SA 4
## 3 SD 42
## Q5FiltersLessHarmful Freq
## 1 D 7
## 2 SD 57
## Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Freq
## 1 A 22
## 2 D 5
## 3 SA 24
## 4 SD 10
## Q5ButtsTPW Freq
## 1 A 5
## 2 D 1
## 3 SA 55
## 4 SD 2
## Q7Health Freq
## 1 A 13
## 2 D 3
## 3 SA 48
## Q7Environ Freq
## 1 A 3
## 2 SA 61
## Q7Water Freq
## 1 A 8
## 2 D 2
## 3 SA 53
## Q7Animals Freq
## 1 A 11
## 2 SA 52
## Q7Fish Freq
## 1 A 6
## 2 SA 58
## Q821EPRPS Freq
## 1 Both 11
## 2 EPR 14
## 3 Neither 37
## 4 PS 2
## Q9International Freq
## 1 A 8
## 2 D 1
## 3 SA 54
## Q9OrgTPW Freq
## 1 A 18
## 2 D 21
## 3 SA 14
## 4 SD 2
## Q9ButtsTobaccouse Freq
## 1 A 26
## 2 D 4
## 3 SA 28
## 4 SD 1
## Q9BanningFilters Freq
## 1 A 18
## 2 D 6
## 3 SA 29
## 4 SD 2
## Q9LitterFee Freq
## 1 A 20
## 2 SA 39
## Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Freq
## 1 A 24
## 2 D 1
## 3 SA 32
## 4 SD 2
## Q9WasteReceptacles Freq
## 1 A 19
## 2 D 15
## 3 SA 7
## 4 SD 14
## Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry Freq
## 1 A 8
## 2 D 18
## 3 SA 1
## 4 SD 28
## Q11EPRPSTPW Freq
## 1 A 11
## 2 D 1
## 3 SA 39
## Q11FrameworkTPW Freq
## 1 A 23
## 2 D 2
## 3 SA 27
## Q11OrgTPW Freq
## 1 A 18
## 2 D 21
## 3 SA 6
## 4 SD 10
## Q11LearnMore Freq
## 1 A 29
## 2 D 2
## 3 SA 24
## Q13ButtCleanup Freq
## 1 No 38
## 2 Yes 22
## Q14Gender Freq
## 1 Female 28
## 2 Male 31
## Q15Age Freq
## 1 31 to 40 14
## 2 41 to 50 12
## 3 Over 50 31
## Q18Country Freq
## 1 Norway 1
## 2 America Latina 1
## 3 Argentina 3
## 4 Bangladesh 2
## 5 Belgium 1
## 6 Burkina Faso 1
## 7 Canada 3
## 8 Chile 1
## 9 Czech Republic 1
## 10 Finland 1
## 11 France 2
## 12 Georgia 1
## 13 Germany 3
## 14 Ghana 1
## 15 India 4
## 16 Iran 1
## 17 Ireland 1
## 18 Lebanon 1
## 19 Mexico 3
## 20 New Zealand 1
## 21 No response 1
## 22 NoResponse 3
## 23 Norway 1
## 24 Palau 2
## 25 Panama 1
## 26 Peru 1
## 27 Philippines 4
## 28 Portugal 1
## 29 Samoa 1
## 30 Switzerland 1
## 31 Tanzania 1
## 32 Thailand 1
## 33 Turkey 1
## 34 UK 1
## 35 Uruguay 2
## 36 USA 7
## 37 Zambia 1
## CtryGpName Freq
## 1 Africa 4
## 2 Americas 22
## 3 Europe 18
## 4 No Response 6
## 5 SE Asia 10
## 6 Western Pacific 5
## CtyGpName2 Freq
## 1 Americas 22
## 2 Europe 18
## 3 Other 10
## 4 SE Asia 10
## 5 Western Pacific 5
## Q19TimeWorked Freq
## 1 <1 to 5 years year 2
## 2 1 to 5 years 6
## 3 5 to 10 years 4
## 4 More than 10 years 46
## Q2NoAdvocacy Freq
## 1 No 46
## 2 Yes 13#########################################################Inferential Crosstabs
Fisher’s Exact tests for qualitative count data evaluated the relationships among survey response data. This test is a multivariate generalization of the hypergeometric probability distribution and is more appropriate than Chi Square when expected cell counts are small. In the case of this study, many of the expected cell counts were below 5.
####################All Chi Square########################
myvec1=rep(0, 630)
myvec2=rep(0,630)
pvalue1=rep(0,630)
x=0
for (i in 36:70){
for (j in (i+1):71){
x=x+1
myvec1[x]=colnames(mydata[i])
myvec2[x]=colnames(mydata[j])
pvalue1[x]=fisher.test(as.factor(mydata[,i]), as.factor(mydata[,j]), simulate.p.value=TRUE)$p.value
}
}
newdata=data.frame(cbind(myvec1,myvec2,pvalue1))
newdata=newdata[order(pvalue1),]
newdata## myvec1 myvec2 pvalue1
## 400 Q7Animals Q7Fish 6.79956519871267e-06
## 357 Q7Environ Q7Fish 0.000480030721966206
## 332 Q7Health Q7Water 0.000499750124937531
## 379 Q7Water Q7Fish 0.000499750124937531
## 461 Q9International Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.000499750124937531
## 486 Q9OrgTPW Q11OrgTPW 0.000499750124937531
## 625 Q18Country CtryGpName 0.000499750124937531
## 626 Q18Country CtyGpName2 0.000499750124937531
## 628 CtryGpName CtyGpName2 0.000499750124937531
## 226 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q5FiltersSmokeEasier 0.000999500249875062
## 378 Q7Water Q7Animals 0.000999500249875062
## 402 Q7Animals Q9International 0.000999500249875062
## 624 Q15Age Q19TimeWorked 0.000999500249875062
## 333 Q7Health Q7Animals 0.00149925037481259
## 422 Q7Fish Q9International 0.00249875062468766
## 596 Q11OrgTPW Q13ButtCleanup 0.00299850074962519
## 506 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q15Age 0.00399800099950025
## 103 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q32dHandTPW. 0.00407545839972139
## 356 Q7Environ Q7Animals 0.00415502001964191
## 495 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q9BanningFilters 0.00499750124937531
## 603 Q11LearnMore Q13ButtCleanup 0.00499750124937531
## 334 Q7Health Q7Fish 0.00549725137431284
## 355 Q7Environ Q7Water 0.00699650174912544
## 53 Q3BagsTPW. Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.0079960019990005
## 331 Q7Health Q7Environ 0.00849575212393803
## 511 Q9BanningFilters Q9LitterFee 0.00849575212393803
## 359 Q7Environ Q9International 0.0114942528735632
## 296 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q11FrameworkTPW 0.0119940029985007
## 421 Q7Fish Q821EPRPS 0.0124937531234383
## 453 Q821EPRPS Q13ButtCleanup 0.0124937531234383
## 230 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q7Water 0.0134932533733133
## 33 Q3PackagingTPW. CtryGpName 0.0149925037481259
## 431 Q7Fish Q11FrameworkTPW 0.015992003998001
## 606 Q11LearnMore Q18Country 0.015992003998001
## 225 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q5FiltersLessHarmful 0.0169915042478761
## 401 Q7Animals Q821EPRPS 0.0179910044977511
## 231 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q7Animals 0.0184907546226887
## 551 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors CtyGpName2 0.0214892553723138
## 405 Q7Animals Q9BanningFilters 0.0219890054972514
## 72 Q3EWasteTPW. Q4TopTrash 0.0229280265448938
## 582 Q11EPRPSTPW Q18Country 0.024487756121939
## 368 Q7Environ Q11FrameworkTPW 0.0259870064967516
## 557 Q9WasteReceptacles Q11LearnMore 0.0259870064967516
## 244 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q11OrgTPW 0.0264867566216892
## 381 Q7Water Q9International 0.0269865067466267
## 480 Q9OrgTPW Q9LitterFee 0.0274862568715642
## 154 Q32dHandTPW. Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.0279860069965017
## 210 Q5KnowTPW Q9LitterFee 0.0284857571214393
## 464 Q9International Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.0289855072463768
## 54 Q3BagsTPW. Q9BanningFilters 0.0309845077461269
## 501 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q11FrameworkTPW 0.0309845077461269
## 590 Q11FrameworkTPW Q15Age 0.0309845077461269
## 205 Q5KnowTPW Q821EPRPS 0.0314842578710645
## 380 Q7Water Q821EPRPS 0.0324837581209395
## 505 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q14Gender 0.0349825087456272
## 522 Q9BanningFilters Q18Country 0.0354822588705647
## 406 Q7Animals Q9LitterFee 0.0356332166351685
## 34 Q3PackagingTPW. CtyGpName2 0.0359820089955022
## 139 Q32dHandTPW. Q5FiltersSmokeEasier 0.039480259870065
## 504 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q13ButtCleanup 0.0399800099950025
## 573 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry CtryGpName 0.0399800099950025
## 18 Q3PackagingTPW. Q9OrgTPW 0.04047976011994
## 209 Q5KnowTPW Q9BanningFilters 0.0409795102448776
## 430 Q7Fish Q11EPRPSTPW 0.0414792603698151
## 410 Q7Animals Q11EPRPSTPW 0.0429785107446277
## 343 Q7Health Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.0449775112443778
## 529 Q9LitterFee Q11EPRPSTPW 0.0449775112443778
## 280 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q5ButtsTPW 0.0454772613693153
## 587 Q11FrameworkTPW Q11LearnMore 0.0454772613693153
## 73 Q3EWasteTPW. Q5KnowTPW 0.0484757621189405
## 234 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q9International 0.0489755122438781
## 214 Q5KnowTPW Q11EPRPSTPW 0.0494752623688156
## 227 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q5ButtsTPW 0.0494752623688156
## 552 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q19TimeWorked 0.0499750124937531
## 228 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q7Health 0.0504747626186907
## 550 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors CtryGpName 0.0519740129935032
## 219 Q5KnowTPW Q14Gender 0.0544727636181909
## 233 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q821EPRPS 0.0544727636181909
## 74 Q3EWasteTPW. Q5FiltersBiodegradable 0.0549725137431284
## 246 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q13ButtCleanup 0.0549725137431284
## 407 Q7Animals Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.055472263868066
## 297 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q11OrgTPW 0.0579710144927536
## 451 Q821EPRPS Q11OrgTPW 0.0584707646176912
## 32 Q3PackagingTPW. Q18Country 0.0599700149925037
## 253 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q5FiltersSmokeEasier 0.0599700149925037
## 185 Q4TopTrash Q11EPRPSTPW 0.0624687656171914
## 567 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry Q11OrgTPW 0.0624687656171914
## 8 Q3PackagingTPW. Q5FiltersLessHarmful 0.0632194161616783
## 269 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q11EPRPSTPW 0.0634682658670665
## 315 Q5ButtsTPW Q9BanningFilters 0.0634682658670665
## 564 Q9WasteReceptacles Q19TimeWorked 0.0634682658670665
## 169 Q4TopTrash Q5FiltersSmokeEasier 0.0644677661169415
## 445 Q821EPRPS Q9LitterFee 0.0669665167416292
## 345 Q7Health Q11FrameworkTPW 0.0679660169915042
## 40 Q3BagsTPW. Q5KnowTPW 0.0684657671164418
## 136 Q32dHandTPW. Q5KnowTPW 0.0684657671164418
## 101 Q3EWasteTPW. CtyGpName2 0.0689655172413793
## 202 Q5KnowTPW Q7Water 0.0709645177411294
## 353 Q7Health CtyGpName2 0.071464267866067
## 208 Q5KnowTPW Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.0739630184907546
## 309 Q5ButtsTPW Q7Animals 0.0759620189905048
## 390 Q7Water Q11FrameworkTPW 0.0769615192403798
## 232 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q7Fish 0.0794602698650675
## 354 Q7Health Q19TimeWorked 0.079960019990005
## 467 Q9International Q11EPRPSTPW 0.0814592703648176
## 556 Q9WasteReceptacles Q11OrgTPW 0.0814592703648176
## 611 Q13ButtCleanup Q15Age 0.0814592703648176
## 336 Q7Health Q9International 0.0824587706146927
## 51 Q3BagsTPW. Q9International 0.0829585207396302
## 411 Q7Animals Q11FrameworkTPW 0.087456271864068
## 524 Q9BanningFilters CtyGpName2 0.088455772113943
## 512 Q9BanningFilters Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.0899550224887556
## 607 Q11LearnMore CtryGpName 0.0904547726136932
## 425 Q7Fish Q9BanningFilters 0.0914542728635682
## 595 Q11OrgTPW Q11LearnMore 0.0919540229885057
## 254 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q5ButtsTPW 0.0934532733633183
## 460 Q9International Q9OrgTPW 0.0934532733633183
## 591 Q11FrameworkTPW Q18Country 0.0949525237381309
## 69 Q3BagsTPW. Q19TimeWorked 0.0954522738630685
## 56 Q3BagsTPW. Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.0964517741129435
## 155 Q32dHandTPW. Q11EPRPSTPW 0.0964517741129435
## 132 Q3AshtraysTPW. CtryGpName 0.0989505247376312
## 272 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q11LearnMore 0.0994502748625687
## 608 Q11LearnMore CtyGpName2 0.100449775112444
## 372 Q7Environ Q14Gender 0.100772093881694
## 373 Q7Environ Q15Age 0.101449275362319
## 135 Q32dHandTPW. Q4TopTrash 0.102057654841601
## 150 Q32dHandTPW. Q9BanningFilters 0.102448775612194
## 350 Q7Health Q15Age 0.104947526236882
## 601 Q11OrgTPW CtyGpName2 0.107446276861569
## 436 Q7Fish Q15Age 0.110944527736132
## 100 Q3EWasteTPW. CtryGpName 0.111444277861069
## 288 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q9OrgTPW 0.111944027986007
## 168 Q4TopTrash Q5FiltersLessHarmful 0.115254613324696
## 558 Q9WasteReceptacles Q13ButtCleanup 0.11544227886057
## 462 Q9International Q9BanningFilters 0.116441779110445
## 526 Q9LitterFee Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.116441779110445
## 335 Q7Health Q821EPRPS 0.11744127936032
## 549 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q18Country 0.11744127936032
## 404 Q7Animals Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.117941029485257
## 99 Q3EWasteTPW. Q18Country 0.121939030484758
## 9 Q3PackagingTPW. Q5FiltersSmokeEasier 0.123938030984508
## 358 Q7Environ Q821EPRPS 0.124437781109445
## 107 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q5FiltersLessHarmful 0.124928530588908
## 424 Q7Fish Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.126936531734133
## 314 Q5ButtsTPW Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.127936031984008
## 249 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q18Country 0.128935532233883
## 553 Q9WasteReceptacles Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.131434282858571
## 592 Q11FrameworkTPW CtryGpName 0.131434282858571
## 252 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q19TimeWorked 0.132933533233383
## 403 Q7Animals Q9OrgTPW 0.132933533233383
## 302 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q18Country 0.134432783608196
## 429 Q7Fish Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.135932033983008
## 515 Q9BanningFilters Q11EPRPSTPW 0.137931034482759
## 574 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry CtyGpName2 0.138930534732634
## 320 Q5ButtsTPW Q11EPRPSTPW 0.139430284857571
## 352 Q7Health CtryGpName 0.141929035482259
## 457 Q821EPRPS CtryGpName 0.142428785607196
## 593 Q11FrameworkTPW CtyGpName2 0.142928535732134
## 546 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q13ButtCleanup 0.143928035982009
## 477 Q9International Q19TimeWorked 0.144427786106947
## 566 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry Q11FrameworkTPW 0.153423288355822
## 299 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q13ButtCleanup 0.154922538730635
## 300 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q14Gender 0.155422288855572
## 204 Q5KnowTPW Q7Fish 0.15792103948026
## 545 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q11LearnMore 0.16391804097951
## 456 Q821EPRPS Q18Country 0.164917541229385
## 426 Q7Fish Q9LitterFee 0.16636937969492
## 458 Q821EPRPS CtyGpName2 0.168415792103948
## 538 Q9LitterFee CtyGpName2 0.168915542228886
## 5 Q3PackagingTPW. Q4TopTrash 0.170336587749471
## 78 Q3EWasteTPW. Q7Health 0.171414292853573
## 341 Q7Health Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.172913543228386
## 133 Q3AshtraysTPW. CtyGpName2 0.173913043478261
## 337 Q7Health Q9OrgTPW 0.174412793603198
## 420 Q7Animals Q19TimeWorked 0.175912043978011
## 242 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q11EPRPSTPW 0.176411794102949
## 444 Q821EPRPS Q9BanningFilters 0.180409795102449
## 206 Q5KnowTPW Q9International 0.181409295352324
## 516 Q9BanningFilters Q11FrameworkTPW 0.181909045477261
## 293 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q9WasteReceptacles 0.182408795602199
## 600 Q11OrgTPW CtryGpName 0.183408295852074
## 36 Q3BagsTPW. Q3EWasteTPW. 0.18539386334914
## 184 Q4TopTrash Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.186406796601699
## 84 Q3EWasteTPW. Q9International 0.186906546726637
## 213 Q5KnowTPW Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.188405797101449
## 286 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q821EPRPS 0.188905547226387
## 385 Q7Water Q9LitterFee 0.192903548225887
## 70 Q3EWasteTPW. Q3AshtraysTPW. 0.194075707529616
## 617 Q14Gender Q18Country 0.1944027986007
## 162 Q32dHandTPW. Q18Country 0.194902548725637
## 68 Q3BagsTPW. CtyGpName2 0.195402298850575
## 488 Q9OrgTPW Q13ButtCleanup 0.195402298850575
## 559 Q9WasteReceptacles Q14Gender 0.195902048975512
## 96 Q3EWasteTPW. Q13ButtCleanup 0.197238639020607
## 10 Q3PackagingTPW. Q5ButtsTPW 0.197401299350325
## 543 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q11FrameworkTPW 0.198900549725137
## 63 Q3BagsTPW. Q13ButtCleanup 0.200716533973651
## 67 Q3BagsTPW. CtryGpName 0.200899550224888
## 478 Q9OrgTPW Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.201399300349825
## 105 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q5KnowTPW 0.203398300849575
## 615 Q13ButtCleanup Q19TimeWorked 0.203898050974513
## 502 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q11OrgTPW 0.205397301349325
## 463 Q9International Q9LitterFee 0.210894552723638
## 285 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q7Fish 0.213893053473263
## 239 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.214892553723138
## 248 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q15Age 0.214892553723138
## 523 Q9BanningFilters CtryGpName 0.215892053973014
## 98 Q3EWasteTPW. Q15Age 0.217391304347826
## 327 Q5ButtsTPW Q18Country 0.217391304347826
## 153 Q32dHandTPW. Q9WasteReceptacles 0.218390804597701
## 322 Q5ButtsTPW Q11OrgTPW 0.218390804597701
## 251 Q5FiltersBiodegradable CtyGpName2 0.220389805097451
## 621 Q15Age Q18Country 0.221889055472264
## 323 Q5ButtsTPW Q11LearnMore 0.222388805597201
## 448 Q821EPRPS Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.222388805597201
## 586 Q11FrameworkTPW Q11OrgTPW 0.223388305847076
## 604 Q11LearnMore Q14Gender 0.224387806096952
## 419 Q7Animals CtyGpName2 0.228885557221389
## 570 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry Q14Gender 0.230384807596202
## 292 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.232383808095952
## 170 Q4TopTrash Q5ButtsTPW 0.23288355822089
## 576 Q11EPRPSTPW Q11FrameworkTPW 0.235882058970515
## 48 Q3BagsTPW. Q7Animals 0.236960501340115
## 221 Q5KnowTPW Q18Country 0.238380809595202
## 395 Q7Water Q15Age 0.238380809595202
## 289 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.239880059970015
## 602 Q11OrgTPW Q19TimeWorked 0.240379810094953
## 61 Q3BagsTPW. Q11OrgTPW 0.241379310344828
## 137 Q32dHandTPW. Q5FiltersBiodegradable 0.241879060469765
## 220 Q5KnowTPW Q15Age 0.241879060469765
## 179 Q4TopTrash Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.242378810594703
## 450 Q821EPRPS Q11FrameworkTPW 0.242378810594703
## 250 Q5FiltersBiodegradable CtryGpName 0.24287856071964
## 294 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.245377311344328
## 66 Q3BagsTPW. Q18Country 0.250374812593703
## 131 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q18Country 0.251874062968516
## 472 Q9International Q14Gender 0.259870064967516
## 366 Q7Environ Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.261869065467266
## 627 Q18Country Q19TimeWorked 0.261869065467266
## 161 Q32dHandTPW. Q15Age 0.262868565717141
## 363 Q7Environ Q9LitterFee 0.263004091174752
## 440 Q7Fish Q19TimeWorked 0.263368315842079
## 561 Q9WasteReceptacles Q18Country 0.263368315842079
## 311 Q5ButtsTPW Q821EPRPS 0.264367816091954
## 466 Q9International Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.265867066466767
## 193 Q4TopTrash CtryGpName 0.266366816591704
## 268 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.266366816591704
## 243 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q11FrameworkTPW 0.266866566716642
## 328 Q5ButtsTPW CtryGpName 0.271364317841079
## 60 Q3BagsTPW. Q11FrameworkTPW 0.272863568215892
## 469 Q9International Q11OrgTPW 0.272863568215892
## 610 Q13ButtCleanup Q14Gender 0.28114932475969
## 398 Q7Water CtyGpName2 0.282358820589705
## 29 Q3PackagingTPW. Q13ButtCleanup 0.284090909090909
## 290 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q9BanningFilters 0.284357821089455
## 207 Q5KnowTPW Q9OrgTPW 0.286856571714143
## 115 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q821EPRPS 0.28735632183908
## 158 Q32dHandTPW. Q11LearnMore 0.287856071964018
## 554 Q9WasteReceptacles Q11EPRPSTPW 0.290354822588706
## 580 Q11EPRPSTPW Q14Gender 0.291354322838581
## 371 Q7Environ Q13ButtCleanup 0.291525423728813
## 520 Q9BanningFilters Q14Gender 0.292853573213393
## 117 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q9OrgTPW 0.294352823588206
## 277 Q5FiltersLessHarmful CtryGpName 0.295352323838081
## 623 Q15Age CtyGpName2 0.295352323838081
## 622 Q15Age CtryGpName 0.298850574712644
## 491 Q9OrgTPW Q18Country 0.304847576211894
## 544 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q11OrgTPW 0.306846576711644
## 361 Q7Environ Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.308845577211394
## 58 Q3BagsTPW. Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.310844577711144
## 194 Q4TopTrash CtyGpName2 0.312343828085957
## 229 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q7Environ 0.312343828085957
## 468 Q9International Q11FrameworkTPW 0.313343328335832
## 180 Q4TopTrash Q9BanningFilters 0.318340829585207
## 383 Q7Water Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.318840579710145
## 547 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q14Gender 0.323338330834583
## 265 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q9LitterFee 0.324576650701724
## 203 Q5KnowTPW Q7Animals 0.329335332333833
## 548 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q15Age 0.332333833083458
## 37 Q3BagsTPW. Q3AshtraysTPW. 0.336352716183963
## 319 Q5ButtsTPW Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.336831584207896
## 258 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q7Animals 0.336876976802553
## 236 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.337331334332834
## 196 Q5KnowTPW Q5FiltersBiodegradable 0.339330334832584
## 616 Q14Gender Q15Age 0.339830084957521
## 97 Q3EWasteTPW. Q14Gender 0.34347165059744
## 473 Q9International Q15Age 0.344827586206897
## 514 Q9BanningFilters Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.346826586706647
## 43 Q3BagsTPW. Q5FiltersSmokeEasier 0.349825087456272
## 44 Q3BagsTPW. Q5ButtsTPW 0.353823088455772
## 163 Q32dHandTPW. CtryGpName 0.355822088955522
## 218 Q5KnowTPW Q13ButtCleanup 0.355822088955522
## 494 Q9OrgTPW Q19TimeWorked 0.35632183908046
## 531 Q9LitterFee Q11OrgTPW 0.356821589205397
## 128 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q13ButtCleanup 0.357885129565089
## 216 Q5KnowTPW Q11OrgTPW 0.36631684157921
## 485 Q9OrgTPW Q11FrameworkTPW 0.366816591704148
## 329 Q5ButtsTPW CtyGpName2 0.368815592203898
## 91 Q3EWasteTPW. Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.369315342328836
## 106 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q5FiltersBiodegradable 0.370814592703648
## 510 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q19TimeWorked 0.372813593203398
## 536 Q9LitterFee Q18Country 0.378810594702649
## 338 Q7Health Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.387306346826587
## 585 Q11EPRPSTPW Q19TimeWorked 0.387306346826587
## 317 Q5ButtsTPW Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.387806096951524
## 432 Q7Fish Q11OrgTPW 0.387806096951524
## 612 Q13ButtCleanup Q18Country 0.388305847076462
## 316 Q5ButtsTPW Q9LitterFee 0.391804097951024
## 235 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q9OrgTPW 0.393303348325837
## 241 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.393303348325837
## 94 Q3EWasteTPW. Q11OrgTPW 0.393803098450775
## 119 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q9BanningFilters 0.3968015992004
## 537 Q9LitterFee CtryGpName 0.397301349325337
## 534 Q9LitterFee Q14Gender 0.407592850394196
## 435 Q7Fish Q14Gender 0.409212553726381
## 442 Q821EPRPS Q9OrgTPW 0.411294352823588
## 62 Q3BagsTPW. Q11LearnMore 0.414792603698151
## 416 Q7Animals Q15Age 0.415792103948026
## 80 Q3EWasteTPW. Q7Water 0.418290854572714
## 85 Q3EWasteTPW. Q9OrgTPW 0.419290354822589
## 367 Q7Environ Q11EPRPSTPW 0.419290354822589
## 484 Q9OrgTPW Q11EPRPSTPW 0.419290354822589
## 423 Q7Fish Q9OrgTPW 0.420289855072464
## 159 Q32dHandTPW. Q13ButtCleanup 0.420929661161452
## 541 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.421289355322339
## 609 Q11LearnMore Q19TimeWorked 0.421289355322339
## 41 Q3BagsTPW. Q5FiltersBiodegradable 0.422288855572214
## 284 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q7Animals 0.423788105947026
## 418 Q7Animals CtryGpName 0.425287356321839
## 369 Q7Environ Q11OrgTPW 0.425787106446777
## 439 Q7Fish CtyGpName2 0.427786106946527
## 173 Q4TopTrash Q7Water 0.431784107946027
## 447 Q821EPRPS Q9WasteReceptacles 0.43328335832084
## 263 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.435782108945527
## 270 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q11FrameworkTPW 0.438780609695152
## 449 Q821EPRPS Q11EPRPSTPW 0.438780609695152
## 384 Q7Water Q9BanningFilters 0.43928035982009
## 588 Q11FrameworkTPW Q13ButtCleanup 0.440779610194903
## 409 Q7Animals Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.442278860569715
## 313 Q5ButtsTPW Q9OrgTPW 0.445777111444278
## 572 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry Q18Country 0.446276861569215
## 496 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q9LitterFee 0.450774612693653
## 287 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q9International 0.451274362818591
## 76 Q3EWasteTPW. Q5FiltersSmokeEasier 0.451774112943528
## 177 Q4TopTrash Q9International 0.452773613193403
## 237 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q9BanningFilters 0.453273363318341
## 389 Q7Water Q11EPRPSTPW 0.453773113443278
## 164 Q32dHandTPW. CtyGpName2 0.454272863568216
## 532 Q9LitterFee Q11LearnMore 0.454772613693153
## 7 Q3PackagingTPW. Q5FiltersBiodegradable 0.455772113943028
## 513 Q9BanningFilters Q9WasteReceptacles 0.456771614192904
## 146 Q32dHandTPW. Q821EPRPS 0.457771114442779
## 555 Q9WasteReceptacles Q11FrameworkTPW 0.461769115442279
## 212 Q5KnowTPW Q9WasteReceptacles 0.464767616191904
## 306 Q5ButtsTPW Q7Health 0.465767116441779
## 123 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.467766116941529
## 165 Q32dHandTPW. Q19TimeWorked 0.47776111944028
## 560 Q9WasteReceptacles Q15Age 0.478760619690155
## 171 Q4TopTrash Q7Health 0.47976011994003
## 521 Q9BanningFilters Q15Age 0.48375812093953
## 126 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q11OrgTPW 0.484757621189405
## 260 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q821EPRPS 0.487756121939031
## 397 Q7Water CtryGpName 0.488755622188906
## 278 Q5FiltersLessHarmful CtyGpName2 0.498750624687656
## 23 Q3PackagingTPW. Q9WasteReceptacles 0.499250374812594
## 388 Q7Water Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.499250374812594
## 528 Q9LitterFee Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.506246876561719
## 217 Q5KnowTPW Q11LearnMore 0.506746626686657
## 271 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q11OrgTPW 0.508245877061469
## 79 Q3EWasteTPW. Q7Environ 0.508735150244584
## 540 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q9WasteReceptacles 0.509245377311344
## 348 Q7Health Q13ButtCleanup 0.510744627686157
## 454 Q821EPRPS Q14Gender 0.510744627686157
## 370 Q7Environ Q11LearnMore 0.513743128435782
## 377 Q7Environ Q19TimeWorked 0.51424287856072
## 542 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors Q11EPRPSTPW 0.518740629685157
## 619 Q14Gender CtyGpName2 0.521739130434783
## 122 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q9WasteReceptacles 0.52423788105947
## 318 Q5ButtsTPW Q9WasteReceptacles 0.52423788105947
## 46 Q3BagsTPW. Q7Environ 0.526154295733489
## 255 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q7Health 0.529735132433783
## 618 Q14Gender CtryGpName 0.529735132433783
## 120 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q9LitterFee 0.538980942279471
## 111 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q7Environ 0.545454545454545
## 77 Q3EWasteTPW. Q5ButtsTPW 0.551224387806097
## 427 Q7Fish Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.551224387806097
## 351 Q7Health Q18Country 0.55272363818091
## 568 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry Q11LearnMore 0.555222388805597
## 245 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q11LearnMore 0.557721139430285
## 303 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier CtryGpName 0.560219890054973
## 130 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q15Age 0.56071964017991
## 569 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry Q13ButtCleanup 0.561219390304848
## 482 Q9OrgTPW Q9WasteReceptacles 0.562218890554723
## 470 Q9International Q11LearnMore 0.563718140929535
## 1 Q3PackagingTPW. Q3BagsTPW. 0.565206118745139
## 295 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q11EPRPSTPW 0.566216891554223
## 507 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q18Country 0.567216391804098
## 138 Q32dHandTPW. Q5FiltersLessHarmful 0.581758856833335
## 175 Q4TopTrash Q7Fish 0.584024236122938
## 30 Q3PackagingTPW. Q14Gender 0.585477415666095
## 503 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q11LearnMore 0.587706146926537
## 197 Q5KnowTPW Q5FiltersLessHarmful 0.592203898050975
## 437 Q7Fish Q18Country 0.59320339830085
## 391 Q7Water Q11OrgTPW 0.594702648675662
## 262 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q9OrgTPW 0.595702148925537
## 342 Q7Health Q9WasteReceptacles 0.596201899050475
## 182 Q4TopTrash Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.59720139930035
## 417 Q7Animals Q18Country 0.597701149425287
## 349 Q7Health Q14Gender 0.5992003998001
## 211 Q5KnowTPW Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.599700149925038
## 441 Q821EPRPS Q9International 0.60119940029985
## 42 Q3BagsTPW. Q5FiltersLessHarmful 0.60168458844364
## 49 Q3BagsTPW. Q7Fish 0.60168458844364
## 90 Q3EWasteTPW. Q9WasteReceptacles 0.610694652673663
## 156 Q32dHandTPW. Q11FrameworkTPW 0.612193903048476
## 594 Q11FrameworkTPW Q19TimeWorked 0.612693653173413
## 571 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry Q15Age 0.615692153923038
## 500 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q11EPRPSTPW 0.616191904047976
## 24 Q3PackagingTPW. Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.620189905047476
## 563 Q9WasteReceptacles CtyGpName2 0.621689155422289
## 222 Q5KnowTPW CtryGpName 0.624687656171914
## 110 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q7Health 0.630684657671164
## 224 Q5KnowTPW Q19TimeWorked 0.630684657671164
## 575 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry Q19TimeWorked 0.630684657671164
## 364 Q7Environ Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.632683658170915
## 223 Q5KnowTPW CtyGpName2 0.63368315842079
## 452 Q821EPRPS Q11LearnMore 0.634682658670665
## 312 Q5ButtsTPW Q9International 0.636681659170415
## 6 Q3PackagingTPW. Q5KnowTPW 0.63768115942029
## 95 Q3EWasteTPW. Q11LearnMore 0.638180909545227
## 38 Q3BagsTPW. Q32dHandTPW. 0.639490128813103
## 438 Q7Fish CtryGpName 0.63968015992004
## 465 Q9International Q9WasteReceptacles 0.642678660669665
## 273 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q13ButtCleanup 0.643191116306253
## 26 Q3PackagingTPW. Q11FrameworkTPW 0.64567716141929
## 490 Q9OrgTPW Q15Age 0.646176911544228
## 264 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q9BanningFilters 0.646676661669165
## 141 Q32dHandTPW. Q7Health 0.648175912043978
## 304 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier CtyGpName2 0.648675662168916
## 471 Q9International Q13ButtCleanup 0.648675662168916
## 147 Q32dHandTPW. Q9International 0.649175412293853
## 412 Q7Animals Q11OrgTPW 0.650674662668666
## 109 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q5ButtsTPW 0.651174412793603
## 446 Q821EPRPS Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.653173413293353
## 578 Q11EPRPSTPW Q11LearnMore 0.653173413293353
## 50 Q3BagsTPW. Q821EPRPS 0.655672163918041
## 433 Q7Fish Q11LearnMore 0.659170414792604
## 459 Q821EPRPS Q19TimeWorked 0.661169415292354
## 11 Q3PackagingTPW. Q7Health 0.661669165417291
## 365 Q7Environ Q9WasteReceptacles 0.662168915542229
## 481 Q9OrgTPW Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.664667666166917
## 186 Q4TopTrash Q11FrameworkTPW 0.665167416291854
## 52 Q3BagsTPW. Q9OrgTPW 0.667166416791604
## 326 Q5ButtsTPW Q15Age 0.668165917041479
## 257 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q7Water 0.671664167916042
## 174 Q4TopTrash Q7Animals 0.673926937175112
## 83 Q3EWasteTPW. Q821EPRPS 0.680659670164918
## 325 Q5ButtsTPW Q14Gender 0.68215892053973
## 399 Q7Water Q19TimeWorked 0.682658670664668
## 118 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.683158420789605
## 298 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q11LearnMore 0.68415792103948
## 240 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q9WasteReceptacles 0.685157421289355
## 562 Q9WasteReceptacles CtryGpName 0.687156421789105
## 581 Q11EPRPSTPW Q15Age 0.687656171914043
## 275 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q15Age 0.689155422288856
## 498 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q9WasteReceptacles 0.693653173413293
## 279 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q19TimeWorked 0.701149425287356
## 143 Q32dHandTPW. Q7Water 0.703148425787106
## 518 Q9BanningFilters Q11LearnMore 0.704647676161919
## 527 Q9LitterFee Q9WasteReceptacles 0.706146926536732
## 39 Q3BagsTPW. Q4TopTrash 0.707142037902733
## 509 Q9ButtsTobaccouse CtyGpName2 0.708645677161419
## 598 Q11OrgTPW Q15Age 0.709145427286357
## 199 Q5KnowTPW Q5ButtsTPW 0.710644677661169
## 396 Q7Water Q18Country 0.71664167916042
## 27 Q3PackagingTPW. Q11OrgTPW 0.719640179910045
## 487 Q9OrgTPW Q11LearnMore 0.719640179910045
## 362 Q7Environ Q9BanningFilters 0.721139430284858
## 267 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q9WasteReceptacles 0.72263868065967
## 190 Q4TopTrash Q14Gender 0.723140319944743
## 620 Q14Gender Q19TimeWorked 0.725137431284358
## 108 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q5FiltersSmokeEasier 0.726136931534233
## 483 Q9OrgTPW Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.726136931534233
## 113 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q7Animals 0.727711421146919
## 414 Q7Animals Q13ButtCleanup 0.730907558306299
## 55 Q3BagsTPW. Q9LitterFee 0.732003654902239
## 189 Q4TopTrash Q13ButtCleanup 0.732148789938012
## 65 Q3BagsTPW. Q15Age 0.733133433283358
## 308 Q5ButtsTPW Q7Water 0.734132933533233
## 508 Q9ButtsTobaccouse CtryGpName 0.734132933533233
## 339 Q7Health Q9BanningFilters 0.736631684157921
## 201 Q5KnowTPW Q7Environ 0.737631184407796
## 415 Q7Animals Q14Gender 0.738946074954311
## 517 Q9BanningFilters Q11OrgTPW 0.740129935032484
## 88 Q3EWasteTPW. Q9LitterFee 0.746631993864042
## 525 Q9BanningFilters Q19TimeWorked 0.754122938530735
## 519 Q9BanningFilters Q13ButtCleanup 0.75712143928036
## 167 Q4TopTrash Q5FiltersBiodegradable 0.759620189905047
## 192 Q4TopTrash Q18Country 0.762118940529735
## 489 Q9OrgTPW Q14Gender 0.764117941029485
## 166 Q4TopTrash Q5KnowTPW 0.76511744127936
## 266 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.771614192903548
## 301 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q15Age 0.773113443278361
## 340 Q7Health Q9LitterFee 0.777611194402799
## 533 Q9LitterFee Q13ButtCleanup 0.777984485746803
## 408 Q7Animals Q9WasteReceptacles 0.786606696651674
## 87 Q3EWasteTPW. Q9BanningFilters 0.789105447276362
## 344 Q7Health Q11EPRPSTPW 0.790104947526237
## 305 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q19TimeWorked 0.795102448775612
## 413 Q7Animals Q11LearnMore 0.797101449275362
## 497 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.797101449275362
## 188 Q4TopTrash Q11LearnMore 0.7976011994003
## 360 Q7Environ Q9OrgTPW 0.8015992003998
## 474 Q9International Q18Country 0.802098950524738
## 20 Q3PackagingTPW. Q9BanningFilters 0.804597701149425
## 89 Q3EWasteTPW. Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.806596701649175
## 387 Q7Water Q9WasteReceptacles 0.808095952023988
## 200 Q5KnowTPW Q7Health 0.810094952523738
## 183 Q4TopTrash Q9WasteReceptacles 0.819090454772614
## 93 Q3EWasteTPW. Q11FrameworkTPW 0.819590204897551
## 215 Q5KnowTPW Q11FrameworkTPW 0.824087956021989
## 247 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q14Gender 0.824587706146927
## 195 Q4TopTrash Q19TimeWorked 0.829585207396302
## 102 Q3EWasteTPW. Q19TimeWorked 0.831084457771114
## 382 Q7Water Q9OrgTPW 0.831084457771114
## 282 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q7Environ 0.834582708645677
## 579 Q11EPRPSTPW Q13ButtCleanup 0.83608195902049
## 57 Q3BagsTPW. Q9WasteReceptacles 0.83808095952024
## 629 CtryGpName Q19TimeWorked 0.841079460269865
## 455 Q821EPRPS Q15Age 0.846576711644178
## 393 Q7Water Q13ButtCleanup 0.850074962518741
## 443 Q821EPRPS Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.850574712643678
## 86 Q3EWasteTPW. Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.851574212893553
## 630 CtyGpName2 Q19TimeWorked 0.856071964017991
## 321 Q5ButtsTPW Q11FrameworkTPW 0.859570214892554
## 291 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q9LitterFee 0.860569715142429
## 577 Q11EPRPSTPW Q11OrgTPW 0.860569715142429
## 599 Q11OrgTPW Q18Country 0.863568215892054
## 112 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q7Water 0.865067466266867
## 475 Q9International CtryGpName 0.865567216391804
## 535 Q9LitterFee Q15Age 0.873063468265867
## 530 Q9LitterFee Q11FrameworkTPW 0.88255872063968
## 589 Q11FrameworkTPW Q14Gender 0.88455772113943
## 191 Q4TopTrash Q15Age 0.886056971514243
## 127 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q11LearnMore 0.888055972013993
## 492 Q9OrgTPW CtryGpName 0.890554722638681
## 428 Q7Fish Q9WasteReceptacles 0.891554222888556
## 375 Q7Environ CtryGpName 0.896551724137931
## 584 Q11EPRPSTPW CtyGpName2 0.901549225387306
## 374 Q7Environ Q18Country 0.902048975512244
## 376 Q7Environ CtyGpName2 0.902548725637181
## 583 Q11EPRPSTPW CtryGpName 0.910044977511244
## 386 Q7Water Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.914042978510745
## 176 Q4TopTrash Q821EPRPS 0.92503748125937
## 276 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q18Country 0.925537231384308
## 479 Q9OrgTPW Q9BanningFilters 0.928535732133933
## 283 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q7Water 0.932533733133433
## 157 Q32dHandTPW. Q11OrgTPW 0.936031984007996
## 605 Q11LearnMore Q15Age 0.936031984007996
## 565 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry Q11EPRPSTPW 0.941029485257371
## 493 Q9OrgTPW CtyGpName2 0.943528235882059
## 614 Q13ButtCleanup CtyGpName2 0.947026486756622
## 476 Q9International CtyGpName2 0.947526236881559
## 198 Q5KnowTPW Q5FiltersSmokeEasier 0.954022988505747
## 281 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier Q7Health 0.959020489755122
## 346 Q7Health Q11OrgTPW 0.977511244377811
## 613 Q13ButtCleanup CtryGpName 0.985507246376812
## 597 Q11OrgTPW Q14Gender 0.987506246876562
## 4 Q3PackagingTPW. Q32dHandTPW. 1
## 82 Q3EWasteTPW. Q7Fish 1
## 129 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q14Gender 1
## 160 Q32dHandTPW. Q14Gender 1
## 256 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q7Environ 1
## 2 Q3PackagingTPW. Q3EWasteTPW. 1
## 3 Q3PackagingTPW. Q3AshtraysTPW. 1
## 12 Q3PackagingTPW. Q7Environ 1
## 13 Q3PackagingTPW. Q7Water 1
## 14 Q3PackagingTPW. Q7Animals 1
## 15 Q3PackagingTPW. Q7Fish 1
## 16 Q3PackagingTPW. Q821EPRPS 1
## 17 Q3PackagingTPW. Q9International 1
## 19 Q3PackagingTPW. Q9ButtsTobaccouse 1
## 21 Q3PackagingTPW. Q9LitterFee 1
## 22 Q3PackagingTPW. Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 1
## 25 Q3PackagingTPW. Q11EPRPSTPW 1
## 28 Q3PackagingTPW. Q11LearnMore 1
## 31 Q3PackagingTPW. Q15Age 1
## 35 Q3PackagingTPW. Q19TimeWorked 1
## 45 Q3BagsTPW. Q7Health 1
## 47 Q3BagsTPW. Q7Water 1
## 59 Q3BagsTPW. Q11EPRPSTPW 1
## 64 Q3BagsTPW. Q14Gender 1
## 71 Q3EWasteTPW. Q32dHandTPW. 1
## 75 Q3EWasteTPW. Q5FiltersLessHarmful 1
## 81 Q3EWasteTPW. Q7Animals 1
## 92 Q3EWasteTPW. Q11EPRPSTPW 1
## 104 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q4TopTrash 1
## 114 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q7Fish 1
## 116 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q9International 1
## 121 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 1
## 124 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q11EPRPSTPW 1
## 125 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q11FrameworkTPW 1
## 134 Q3AshtraysTPW. Q19TimeWorked 1
## 140 Q32dHandTPW. Q5ButtsTPW 1
## 142 Q32dHandTPW. Q7Environ 1
## 144 Q32dHandTPW. Q7Animals 1
## 145 Q32dHandTPW. Q7Fish 1
## 148 Q32dHandTPW. Q9OrgTPW 1
## 149 Q32dHandTPW. Q9ButtsTobaccouse 1
## 151 Q32dHandTPW. Q9LitterFee 1
## 152 Q32dHandTPW. Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 1
## 172 Q4TopTrash Q7Environ 1
## 178 Q4TopTrash Q9OrgTPW 1
## 181 Q4TopTrash Q9LitterFee 1
## 187 Q4TopTrash Q11OrgTPW 1
## 238 Q5FiltersBiodegradable Q9LitterFee 1
## 259 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q7Fish 1
## 261 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q9International 1
## 274 Q5FiltersLessHarmful Q14Gender 1
## 307 Q5ButtsTPW Q7Environ 1
## 310 Q5ButtsTPW Q7Fish 1
## 324 Q5ButtsTPW Q13ButtCleanup 1
## 330 Q5ButtsTPW Q19TimeWorked 1
## 347 Q7Health Q11LearnMore 1
## 392 Q7Water Q11LearnMore 1
## 394 Q7Water Q14Gender 1
## 434 Q7Fish Q13ButtCleanup 1
## 499 Q9ButtsTobaccouse Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 1
## 539 Q9LitterFee Q19TimeWorked 1#########################################################Inferential Quantitative vs. Qualitative
Nonparametric tests of knowledge scores vs. qualitative variables revealed…. X, Y, Z.
#########################################################
myvec4=rep(0, 36)
pvalue2=rep(0,36)
for (i in 36:71)
{
myvec4[(i-35)]=colnames(mydata[i]) #name the variable
if (length(levels(mydata[,i]))>2){
pvalue2[(i-35)]=kruskal.test(mydata$PerCorrect~mydata[,i])$p.value
} else
{pvalue2[(i-35)]=wilcox.test(mydata$PerCorrect~mydata[,i])$p.value
}
}## Warning in wilcox.test.default(x = c(1, 0.706, 1, 0.882, 0.941, 0.941,
## 0.941, : cannot compute exact p-value with ties## Warning in wilcox.test.default(x = c(0.882, 0.706, 0.647, 0.882, 0.882, :
## cannot compute exact p-value with ties## Warning in wilcox.test.default(x = c(0.765, 0.941, 0.824, 0.706, 0.647, :
## cannot compute exact p-value with ties## Warning in wilcox.test.default(x = c(1, 0.824, 1, 0.882, 0.941, 0.941,
## 0.941, : cannot compute exact p-value with ties## Warning in wilcox.test.default(x = c(0.824, 0.706, 0.941, 0.882, 0.647, :
## cannot compute exact p-value with ties## Warning in wilcox.test.default(x = c(0.882, 0.765, 0.941, 0.882, 0.765, :
## cannot compute exact p-value with ties## Warning in wilcox.test.default(x = c(0.824, 0.882, 0.765, 0.941, 0.824, :
## cannot compute exact p-value with tiesnewdata1=data.frame(cbind(myvec4, pvalue2))
newdata1=newdata1[order(pvalue2),]
print(newdata1)## myvec4 pvalue2
## 10 Q5FiltersSmokeEasier 1.02271880616074e-05
## 5 Q32dHandTPW. 0.000190438172171883
## 4 Q3AshtraysTPW. 0.000320576731302438
## 8 Q5FiltersBiodegradable 0.00756317515761252
## 9 Q5FiltersLessHarmful 0.0259834534392415
## 1 Q3PackagingTPW. 0.0347609625190503
## 25 Q9EffectiveTPWinCountry 0.0949907855313043
## 35 CtyGpName2 0.133907121184474
## 2 Q3BagsTPW. 0.158263004128247
## 3 Q3EWasteTPW. 0.159469396270291
## 34 CtryGpName 0.214557737649654
## 13 Q7Environ 0.224510631123753
## 17 Q821EPRPS 0.264700688790921
## 23 Q9BanSmokeOutdoors 0.305683345970982
## 21 Q9BanningFilters 0.306716247150605
## 32 Q15Age 0.321781280403589
## 7 Q5KnowTPW 0.361445779132623
## 31 Q14Gender 0.416517699504326
## 16 Q7Fish 0.417747686015636
## 11 Q5ButtsTPW 0.419831840110272
## 28 Q11OrgTPW 0.464264325719831
## 30 Q13ButtCleanup 0.471645049876009
## 27 Q11FrameworkTPW 0.539406508168169
## 24 Q9WasteReceptacles 0.542397024212469
## 33 Q18Country 0.565198971899554
## 22 Q9LitterFee 0.601514793357235
## 36 Q19TimeWorked 0.613883338744818
## 26 Q11EPRPSTPW 0.61662966782801
## 14 Q7Water 0.697166176478297
## 6 Q4TopTrash 0.776228327148124
## 20 Q9ButtsTobaccouse 0.781405581354147
## 19 Q9OrgTPW 0.847564243772881
## 15 Q7Animals 0.904408306654005
## 18 Q9International 0.910093223160184
## 29 Q11LearnMore 0.955188230718189
## 12 Q7Health 0.956515425827183#########################################################