Data visualization with ggplot2 in R (part 2)

Explore the diamonds data frame with str()

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使用 geom_point() 添加散点
使用 geom_smooth() 添加拟合曲线

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只要平滑曲线图：

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按钻石透明度（类型）来绘制平滑曲线：

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进一步理解ggplot的语法，作出精致的图

先画一个底图，命名为dia_plot
用 geom_point()加一层点
以颜色区分不同透明度的钻石
修改点的透明度，以展现数据点的密度分布

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继续探索：

添加拟合曲线geom_smooth()，关闭置信区间

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position = "jitter"的用法：

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小试牛刀，用mtcars数据做几个图，底图长这个样子： ggplot(mtcars, aes(x = wt, y = mpg, col = cyl))。作图要求如下：

Plot 1: add geom_point() to this command to create a scatter plot
Plot 2: include the lines of the linear models, per cyl
Plot 3: include a lm for the entire dataset in its whole

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小试牛刀：

使用airquality，来探索ggplot()的散点图玩法儿：

先传入数据集，然后是美学相关的层
再加几何客体层中的散点 geom_point()
进一步修饰散点，颜色color=“steelblue”, 透明度alpha=0.4, 大小size=3
每个月用不同的颜色来表示

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添加统计信息层中的拟合曲线： stat_smooth()与geom_smooth()等效：

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可以没有点层，只留曲线：

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将曲线规定为直线(线性回归)：

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去掉置信区间：

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给每个月份拟合一条回归线：

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基于整体数据进行拟合，group=1

颜色还是在起作用，在点层

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group 在统计层，允许我们继续添加统计层，并且按每个月拟合

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玩转调色板：

加载颜色包 library(RColorBrewer)
从Dark2中选5个颜色，外加黑色赋值为myColors
看一看dark2是哪5种颜色 display.brewer.pal(5,"Dark2")

（在自己电脑上记得安装RColorBrewer这个包）

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复制前一幅图的代码，添加scale_color_manual("Month", values=myColors)

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不同月份画在不同面板上，facet_grid(.~Month)

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改变与数据无关的主题背景:

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继续颜色的故事：下面的图，默认颜色太跳跃鲜艳

（在自己电脑上记得安装car这个包）

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我只想要一种颜色的渐变色，怎么破？

scale_fill_brewer来帮忙：（在自己电脑上记得安装colorRampPalette这个包）

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scale_fill_brewer虽好，可是默认只有就种颜色，而我们的vocabulary这个变量有11类！又该如何是好？ colorRampPalette 来救场，借鸡生蛋，变出更多的颜色：

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案例分析：泰坦尼克生还者数据（若在自己本地硬盘上操作，请下载数据(https://www.dropbox.com/s/8ow74rzp6rka8q9/titanic.csv?dl=1)）

看一看有多少幸存者，有多少遇难者？

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先看看都有写什么变量

男女分布, 看着该船上性别比例？

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船舱分布，看一看每一个等级的船舱分别有多少人

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看一看，不同性别的乘客在不同船舱的分布是否平均？

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生还者特征描述谁更容易生还，男士，女士？

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谁更容易生还，头等舱的？

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综合上面的信息，是不是头等舱的女士更容易生还？我们来验证一下：

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Data visualization with ggplot2 in R (part 2)

Chris Qi