## # A tibble: 1,006 x 7
## date open high low close volume adjusted
## <date> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 2015-03-09 194. 194. 188. 191. 6736700 191.
## 2 2015-03-10 188. 194. 188. 190. 5530900 190.
## 3 2015-03-11 191. 196. 191. 194. 4974900 194.
## 4 2015-03-12 194. 194. 190. 191. 4149300 191.
## 5 2015-03-13 189. 192. 187. 189. 5434300 189.
## 6 2015-03-16 192 196. 190. 196. 5628800 196.
## 7 2015-03-17 195. 199. 194. 195. 4883200 195.
## 8 2015-03-18 195. 201. 193. 201. 4756300 201.
## 9 2015-03-19 202 205. 195. 196. 8475200 196.
## 10 2015-03-20 197. 199. 196. 198. 4269500 198.
## # ... with 996 more rows
## # A tibble: 1,006 x 8
## date open high low close volume adjusted daily.returns
## <date> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 2015-03-09 194. 194. 188. 191. 6736700 191. 0
## 2 2015-03-10 188. 194. 188. 190. 5530900 190. -0.00293
## 3 2015-03-11 191. 196. 191. 194. 4974900 194. 0.0180
## 4 2015-03-12 194. 194. 190. 191. 4149300 191. -0.0138
## 5 2015-03-13 189. 192. 187. 189. 5434300 189. -0.0125
## 6 2015-03-16 192 196. 190. 196. 5628800 196. 0.0372
## 7 2015-03-17 195. 199. 194. 195. 4883200 195. -0.00496
## 8 2015-03-18 195. 201. 193. 201. 4756300 201. 0.0307
## 9 2015-03-19 202 205. 195. 196. 8475200 196. -0.0252
## 10 2015-03-20 197. 199. 196. 198. 4269500 198. 0.0124
## # ... with 996 more rows
You are evaluating the performance of two stocks, Microsoft and Apple, for future investment.
Hint: Add group_by(symbol) at the end of the code so that calculations below will be done per stock.
## # A tibble: 10,064 x 8
## # Groups: symbol [2]
## symbol date open high low close volume adjusted
## <chr> <date> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 AAPL 1999-03-08 1.19 1.24 1.19 1.23 137667600 0.819
## 2 AAPL 1999-03-09 1.23 1.23 1.20 1.22 79923200 0.813
## 3 AAPL 1999-03-10 1.22 1.22 1.16 1.16 136570000 0.775
## 4 AAPL 1999-03-11 1.15 1.21 1.14 1.15 118414800 0.767
## 5 AAPL 1999-03-12 1.15 1.20 1.15 1.19 67849600 0.790
## 6 AAPL 1999-03-15 1.19 1.25 1.19 1.22 88040400 0.811
## 7 AAPL 1999-03-16 1.25 1.27 1.25 1.27 99957200 0.845
## 8 AAPL 1999-03-17 1.28 1.29 1.21 1.22 91579600 0.811
## 9 AAPL 1999-03-18 1.23 1.27 1.22 1.27 56770000 0.845
## 10 AAPL 1999-03-19 1.28 1.29 1.17 1.20 134125600 0.798
## # ... with 10,054 more rows
The symbol shows what stock you are looking at, The date shows the date of that stock, open shows the opening price of the stock, high shows the highest that stock was that day, low shows the lowest that stock was that day, volume shows how many trades of that stock were made that day, and adjusted stands for the closing proce adjusted to dividens for the stock that day.
Hint: Use ggplot2::facet_wrap. Refer to the ggplot2 cheatsheet. See the section for Faceting.
Hint: Take the adjusted variable from Stocks, and calculate yearly returns using tq_transmute(), instead of tq_mutate(), which is used when periodicity changes. Another difference between the two is that tq_transmute() returns only newly-created columns while tq_mutate() adds new columns to existing variables.
## # A tibble: 42 x 3
## # Groups: symbol [2]
## symbol date yearly.returns
## <chr> <date> <dbl>
## 1 AAPL 1999-12-31 1.99
## 2 AAPL 2000-12-29 -0.711
## 3 AAPL 2001-12-31 0.472
## 4 AAPL 2002-12-31 -0.346
## 5 AAPL 2003-12-31 0.491
## 6 AAPL 2004-12-31 2.01
## 7 AAPL 2005-12-30 1.23
## 8 AAPL 2006-12-29 0.180
## 9 AAPL 2007-12-31 1.33
## 10 AAPL 2008-12-31 -0.569
## # ... with 32 more rows
Hint: Refer to the ggplot2 cheatsheet. Look for geom_boxplot under Two Variables. Note that the discrete variable should be mapped to the x-axis and the continuous variable to the y-axis.
Hint: Discuss your answer in terms of the median in the boxplot you created in Q5. Google “Interpreting boxplots in R” to find the information you need.
Apple is expected to have the higher yearly return due to the median being higher than microsofts.
Hint: Discuss your answer in terms of the interquartile range (the middle 50%) of the boxplot you created in Q5.
Apple will most likely be riskier due to the middle quartile not being in the middle in the interquartile.The box plot is uneven and taller.
Hint: Change echo and results in the chunk options. The published webpage should display charts.