OVERVIEW

This notebook presents data for features that have been produced for the asl-lex dataset (ref). These are overview descriptives of the feature-based representations in asl-lex. These features were produced from the original asl-lex data by decomposing each variable into its levels. Variables were selected for decomposition if they had factorial levels that were emenable to becoming a feature-based representation. Each level of a given variable was assigned a binary status for that item as a feature. For example, the variable MajorLocation consisted of the factor levels Body, Hand, Neutral, Head, and so on. Each of these levels became separate features. Take the level Body, as an example. A word (more specifically an EntryID) which was classified as Body in the variable MajorLocation, like EntryID == act was then assigned a 1 for the feature f_body (where the f prefix indicates a feature). Likewise, EntryID == action was assigned f_body == 0 given that the original factor level for this word was Neutral for MajorLocation. For more information about how the features are generated, go to ../data/.

This process resulted in 69 binary features assigned to each of the 993 unique values for EntryID. We preserved the additional item-level variables from the asl-lex data to examine those variables relative to the features we generated.

Principal components analysis

Principal components are useful for examining lower dimensional representations of your multidimensional data structure (in this case there are 69 features from which we are drawing principal components). An important first step is determining the amount of variance that is accounted for by principal components. While you might be able to represent items in terms of their pca values, if those values don’t represent something that accounts for substantial variance in the pca decomposition, they probably aren’t particularly useful. The visual below (and the variance analysis from which it is drawn) suggests that non-trivial amounts of variance in the pc domain, accounting for R^2 > .5 by the third component. This is a very good sign if you want to understand the features in a lower dimensional space than the diffuse 69-d space we’ve come up with.

These are the increasing values for R^2 over principal components (organized sequentially from PC1).

## [1] 0.2198557
## [1] 0.4121602
## [1] 0.5121055
## [1] 0.5443052
## [1] 0.5987304
## [1] 0.6817992
## [1] 0.7150097
## [1] 0.7389792
## [1] 0.7686151
## [1] 0.7871145
## [1] 0.8056377
## [1] 0.8247808
## [1] 0.8373212
## [1] 0.8471227
## [1] 0.8555445
## [1] 0.8607149
## [1] 0.867121
## [1] 0.8706224
## [1] 0.875614
## [1] 0.8785703
## [1] 0.8847668
## [1] 0.8870482
## [1] 0.8898535
## [1] 0.8927752
## [1] 0.8939669
## [1] 0.8950952
## [1] 0.8965424
## [1] 0.8970982
## [1] 0.8980335
## [1] 0.8982235

To get a sense of these components, we can visualize them in three dimensions. Here taking the first three components. These are 30 random words from the ~1K set.

Correlations

While we have a large data structure in the feature matrix we’ve generated, as well as in the rotated data matrix from the pca, we can visually inspect the pairwise correlations between features and item-level variables in sign_data_features and in the pca data.

Correlations between features and item-level data

Looking at all the numeric variables in the dataframe, from a birds-eye view we can see some structure there, but it looks to be within the feature portion or the item portion of the data. All correlations are computed and expressed as Spearman’s rho.

To get a sense of the pairwise correlations, you can look at the values for rho organized from largest to smallest. Here we’ve filtered out pariwise correlations between variables that are perfect correlations (1, -1) and those that fall between .2 and -.2. Additionally these correlations are only for cases where at least one of the variables is a feature.

##                                   Var1                               Var2 value
## 1                   f_neutral.minorloc                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.99
## 2                   f_neutral.majorloc                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.99
## 3                     FlexionFrequency                            f_flex1  0.92
## 4                              f_flex1                   FlexionFrequency  0.92
## 5             SelectedFingersFrequency                      f_all4fingers  0.92
## 6                        f_all4fingers           SelectedFingersFrequency  0.92
## 7                    SignTypeFrequency                        f_onehanded  0.89
## 8                          f_onehanded                  SignTypeFrequency  0.89
## 9               MajorLocationFrequency                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.86
## 10                  f_neutral.majorloc             MajorLocationFrequency  0.86
## 11              MajorLocationFrequency                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.85
## 12                  f_neutral.minorloc             MajorLocationFrequency  0.85
## 13                   MovementFrequency                       f_back.forth  0.84
## 14                        f_back.forth                  MovementFrequency  0.84
## 15              MinorLocationFrequency                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.84
## 16                  f_neutral.minorloc             MinorLocationFrequency  0.84
## 17              MinorLocationFrequency                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.83
## 18                  f_neutral.majorloc             MinorLocationFrequency  0.83
## 19                              f_hand               f_asymmetricaldiffhs  0.67
## 20                f_asymmetricaldiffhs                             f_hand  0.67
## 21                      f_ForearmUlnar                              f_arm  0.66
## 22                               f_arm                     f_ForearmUlnar  0.66
## 23                  HandshapeFrequency                            f_flex1  0.64
## 24                             f_flex1                 HandshapeFrequency  0.64
## 25                          f_clavicle                             f_body  0.62
## 26                              f_body                         f_clavicle  0.62
## 27          MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex1  0.61
## 28                             f_flex1         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.61
## 29                              f_palm                             f_hand  0.60
## 30                              f_hand                             f_palm  0.60
## 31                              f_palm               f_asymmetricaldiffhs  0.51
## 32                f_asymmetricaldiffhs                             f_palm  0.51
## 33                              f_head                        f_onehanded  0.49
## 34                         f_onehanded                             f_head  0.49
## 35                  f_neutral.majorloc           f_symmetricoralternating  0.49
## 36            f_symmetricoralternating                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.49
## 37                  f_neutral.minorloc           f_symmetricoralternating  0.48
## 38            f_symmetricoralternating                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.48
## 39          MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex1  0.47
## 40                             f_flex1         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.47
## 41                   SignTypeFrequency                             f_head  0.46
## 42                              f_head                  SignTypeFrequency  0.46
## 43                  HandshapeFrequency                      f_all4fingers  0.45
## 44                       f_all4fingers                 HandshapeFrequency  0.45
## 45                      f_middlefinger                            f_flex3  0.44
## 46                             f_flex3                     f_middlefinger  0.44
## 47  Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex1  0.44
## 48                             f_flex1 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity  0.44
## 49                          f_torsotop                             f_body  0.39
## 50                              f_body                         f_torsotop  0.39
## 51              MajorLocationFrequency           f_symmetricoralternating  0.39
## 52            f_symmetricoralternating             MajorLocationFrequency  0.39
## 53                              f_hand               f_asymmetricalsamehs  0.39
## 54                f_asymmetricalsamehs                             f_hand  0.39
## 55                              f_chin                             f_head  0.39
## 56                              f_head                             f_chin  0.39
## 57                               f_eye                             f_head  0.38
## 58                              f_head                              f_eye  0.38
## 59              MinorLocationFrequency           f_symmetricoralternating  0.38
## 60            f_symmetricoralternating             MinorLocationFrequency  0.38
## 61                          f_upperarm                              f_arm  0.38
## 62                               f_arm                         f_upperarm  0.38
## 63          MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                      f_all4fingers  0.36
## 64                       f_all4fingers         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.36
## 65                         f_cheeknose                             f_head  0.35
## 66                              f_head                        f_cheeknose  0.35
## 67          MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                      f_all4fingers  0.32
## 68                       f_all4fingers         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.32
## 69                      f_fingerradial                             f_hand  0.32
## 70                              f_hand                     f_fingerradial  0.32
## 71                             f_mouth                             f_head  0.31
## 72                              f_head                            f_mouth  0.31
## 73                              f_neck                             f_body  0.30
## 74                              f_body                             f_neck  0.30
## 75                          f_palmback                             f_hand  0.29
## 76                              f_hand                         f_palmback  0.29
## 77                      f_index.middle                          f_stacked  0.29
## 78                           f_stacked                     f_index.middle  0.29
## 79  Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                       f_back.forth  0.28
## 80                        f_back.forth Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity  0.28
## 81                        f_fingerback                             f_hand  0.27
## 82                              f_hand                       f_fingerback  0.27
## 83  Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                      f_all4fingers  0.27
## 84                       f_all4fingers Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity  0.27
## 85                          f_shoulder                             f_body  0.27
## 86                              f_body                         f_shoulder  0.27
## 87                         f_wristback                              f_arm  0.27
## 88                       f_forearmback                              f_arm  0.27
## 89                               f_arm                        f_wristback  0.27
## 90                               f_arm                      f_forearmback  0.27
## 91          MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                       f_back.forth  0.27
## 92                        f_back.forth         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.27
## 93                       f_all4fingers                            f_flex5  0.26
## 94                             f_flex5                      f_all4fingers  0.26
## 95                              f_chin                        f_onehanded  0.26
## 96                         f_onehanded                             f_chin  0.26
## 97          MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                       f_back.forth  0.25
## 98                        f_back.forth         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.25
## 99                       f_all4fingers                            f_flex7  0.25
## 100                            f_flex7                      f_all4fingers  0.25
## 101                         f_forehead                             f_head  0.25
## 102                             f_head                         f_forehead  0.25
## 103           SelectedFingersFrequency                            f_flex5  0.25
## 104                            f_flex5           SelectedFingersFrequency  0.25
## 105                        f_fingertip                             f_hand  0.24
## 106                             f_hand                        f_fingertip  0.24
## 107                     f_fingerradial               f_asymmetricalsamehs  0.24
## 108               f_asymmetricalsamehs                     f_fingerradial  0.24
## 109           SelectedFingersFrequency                            f_flex7  0.24
## 110                            f_flex7           SelectedFingersFrequency  0.24
## 111                             f_hips                             f_body  0.23
## 112                         f_torsomid                             f_body  0.23
## 113                             f_body                             f_hips  0.23
## 114                             f_body                         f_torsomid  0.23
## 115                   f_mid.ring.pinky                            f_flex6  0.23
## 116                            f_flex6                   f_mid.ring.pinky  0.23
## 117                  SignTypeFrequency                             f_chin  0.23
## 118                             f_chin                  SignTypeFrequency  0.23
## 119                        f_cheeknose                        f_onehanded  0.23
## 120                        f_onehanded                        f_cheeknose  0.23
## 121                   f_other_minorloc                             f_head  0.22
## 122                             f_head                   f_other_minorloc  0.22
## 123                           Compound                      f_no_movement  0.22
## 124                      f_no_movement                           Compound  0.22
## 125                  SignTypeFrequency                        f_cheeknose  0.21
## 126                        f_cheeknose                  SignTypeFrequency  0.21
## 127         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.21
## 128                 f_neutral.minorloc         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.21
## 129         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.21
## 130                 f_neutral.minorloc         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.21
## 131         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.21
## 132                 f_neutral.majorloc         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.21
## 133                     SignLength(ms)                         f_circular  0.21
## 134                         f_circular                     SignLength(ms)  0.21
## 135                      f_all4fingers           f_symmetricoralternating  0.21
## 136           f_symmetricoralternating                      f_all4fingers  0.21
## 137         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.21
## 138                 f_neutral.majorloc         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.21
## 139         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity           f_symmetricoralternating  0.21
## 140           f_symmetricoralternating         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.21
## 141         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                        f_onehanded  0.20
## 142                        f_onehanded         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.20
## 143              FingerspelledLoanSign                   f_mid.ring.pinky  0.20
## 144                   f_mid.ring.pinky              FingerspelledLoanSign  0.20
## 145                   f_other_minorloc                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.20
## 146                 f_neutral.majorloc                   f_other_minorloc -0.20
## 147                   FlexionFrequency                          f_stacked -0.20
## 148                          f_stacked                   FlexionFrequency -0.20
## 149 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                         f_circular -0.20
## 150                         f_circular Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity -0.20
## 151             MajorLocationFrequency                         f_torsotop -0.20
## 152                         f_torsotop             MajorLocationFrequency -0.20
## 153                  SignTypeFrequency                         f_palmback -0.21
## 154                         f_palmback                  SignTypeFrequency -0.21
## 155           SelectedFingersFrequency                            f_index -0.21
## 156                            f_index           SelectedFingersFrequency -0.21
## 157                 HandshapeFrequency                     f_middlefinger -0.21
## 158                     f_middlefinger                 HandshapeFrequency -0.21
## 159                   f_other_minorloc                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.21
## 160                 f_neutral.minorloc                   f_other_minorloc -0.21
## 161         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                         f_circular -0.21
## 162                         f_circular         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity -0.21
## 163                             f_palm                             f_head -0.21
## 164                             f_head                             f_palm -0.21
## 165                   FlexionFrequency                          f_crossed -0.21
## 166                          f_crossed                   FlexionFrequency -0.21
## 167           f_symmetricoralternating               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.21
## 168               f_asymmetricalsamehs           f_symmetricoralternating -0.21
## 169         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                              f_arm -0.21
## 170                              f_arm         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity -0.21
## 171                  MovementFrequency                         f_straight -0.21
## 172                         f_straight                  MovementFrequency -0.21
## 173             MajorLocationFrequency               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.21
## 174               f_asymmetricalsamehs             MajorLocationFrequency -0.21
## 175                         f_straight                      f_no_movement -0.22
## 176                      f_no_movement                         f_straight -0.22
## 177                             f_palm           f_symmetricoralternating -0.22
## 178           f_symmetricoralternating                             f_palm -0.22
## 179                            f_thumb                      f_all4fingers -0.22
## 180                      f_all4fingers                            f_thumb -0.22
## 181                             f_palm                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.22
## 182                 f_neutral.majorloc                             f_palm -0.22
## 183                 HandshapeFrequency                            f_flex6 -0.22
## 184                            f_flex6                 HandshapeFrequency -0.22
## 185         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                     f_index.middle -0.22
## 186                     f_index.middle         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity -0.22
## 187                             f_body                             f_head -0.23
## 188                             f_head                             f_body -0.23
## 189         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                     f_middlefinger -0.23
## 190                     f_middlefinger         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity -0.23
## 191                             f_head           f_symmetricoralternating -0.23
## 192           f_symmetricoralternating                             f_head -0.23
## 193             MinorLocationFrequency                              f_arm -0.23
## 194                              f_arm             MinorLocationFrequency -0.23
## 195                             f_palm                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.23
## 196                 f_neutral.minorloc                             f_palm -0.23
## 197 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                             f_body -0.23
## 198                             f_body Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity -0.23
## 199                  SignTypeFrequency                     f_fingerradial -0.23
## 200                     f_fingerradial                  SignTypeFrequency -0.23
## 201                     f_index.middle                            f_index -0.23
## 202                            f_index                     f_index.middle -0.23
## 203               f_asymmetricalsamehs                        f_onehanded -0.23
## 204                        f_onehanded               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.23
## 205                            f_flex4                            f_flex1 -0.24
## 206                            f_flex1                            f_flex4 -0.24
## 207                 f_neutral.minorloc                             f_body -0.24
## 208                             f_body                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.24
## 209                  SignTypeFrequency                   f_other_signtype -0.24
## 210                   f_other_signtype                  SignTypeFrequency -0.24
## 211                             f_head               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.25
## 212               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                             f_head -0.25
## 213                             f_body                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.25
## 214                 f_neutral.majorloc                             f_body -0.25
## 215             MinorLocationFrequency                             f_hand -0.25
## 216                             f_hand             MinorLocationFrequency -0.25
## 217                             f_palm                        f_onehanded -0.25
## 218                        f_onehanded                             f_palm -0.25
## 219         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                     f_middlefinger -0.25
## 220                     f_middlefinger         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity -0.25
## 221                 HandshapeFrequency                            f_flex2 -0.25
## 222                            f_flex2                 HandshapeFrequency -0.25
## 223         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                             f_body -0.26
## 224                             f_body         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity -0.26
## 225                   FlexionFrequency                            f_flex7 -0.26
## 226                            f_flex7                   FlexionFrequency -0.26
## 227         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex3 -0.26
## 228                            f_flex3         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity -0.26
## 229                         f_circular                       f_back.forth -0.27
## 230                       f_back.forth                         f_circular -0.27
## 231         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex3 -0.27
## 232                            f_flex3         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity -0.27
## 233                            f_flex6                            f_flex1 -0.27
## 234                            f_flex1                            f_flex6 -0.27
## 235                 HandshapeFrequency                            f_flex4 -0.28
## 236                            f_flex4                 HandshapeFrequency -0.28
## 237                            f_flex2                            f_flex1 -0.28
## 238                            f_flex1                            f_flex2 -0.28
## 239                 f_neutral.majorloc               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.29
## 240               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.29
## 241                           f_curved                       f_back.forth -0.29
## 242                       f_back.forth                           f_curved -0.29
## 243                 HandshapeFrequency                     f_index.middle -0.29
## 244                     f_index.middle                 HandshapeFrequency -0.29
## 245             MajorLocationFrequency                             f_palm -0.29
## 246                             f_palm             MajorLocationFrequency -0.29
## 247                 f_neutral.minorloc               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.29
## 248               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.29
## 249 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex3 -0.29
## 250                            f_flex3 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity -0.29
## 251                            f_flex1                            f_flex7 -0.30
## 252                            f_flex7                            f_flex1 -0.30
## 253             MajorLocationFrequency                              f_arm -0.30
## 254                              f_arm             MajorLocationFrequency -0.30
## 255         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                             f_hand -0.30
## 256                             f_hand         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity -0.30
## 257           SelectedFingersFrequency                     f_middlefinger -0.30
## 258                     f_middlefinger           SelectedFingersFrequency -0.30
## 259                            f_flex3                            f_flex1 -0.30
## 260                            f_flex1                            f_flex3 -0.30
## 261             MinorLocationFrequency                             f_head -0.31
## 262                             f_head             MinorLocationFrequency -0.31
## 263         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.31
## 264               f_asymmetricaldiffhs         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity -0.31
## 265             MajorLocationFrequency                         f_clavicle -0.32
## 266                         f_clavicle             MajorLocationFrequency -0.32
## 267                   FlexionFrequency                            f_flex2 -0.33
## 268                            f_flex2                   FlexionFrequency -0.33
## 269           SelectedFingersFrequency                            f_pinky -0.33
## 270                            f_pinky           SelectedFingersFrequency -0.33
## 271           f_symmetricoralternating               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.33
## 272               f_asymmetricaldiffhs           f_symmetricoralternating -0.33
## 273           SelectedFingersFrequency                            f_thumb -0.34
## 274                            f_thumb           SelectedFingersFrequency -0.34
## 275                 HandshapeFrequency                            f_flex3 -0.34
## 276                            f_flex3                 HandshapeFrequency -0.34
## 277                             f_head                             f_hand -0.34
## 278                             f_hand                             f_head -0.34
## 279                            f_flex5                            f_flex1 -0.35
## 280                            f_flex1                            f_flex5 -0.35
## 281                      f_no_movement                       f_back.forth -0.35
## 282                       f_back.forth                      f_no_movement -0.35
## 283                  MovementFrequency                   f_other_movement -0.35
## 284                   f_other_movement                  MovementFrequency -0.35
## 285                         f_straight                       f_back.forth -0.36
## 286                       f_back.forth                         f_straight -0.36
## 287                             f_hand           f_symmetricoralternating -0.36
## 288           f_symmetricoralternating                             f_hand -0.36
## 289                     f_index.middle                      f_all4fingers -0.36
## 290                      f_all4fingers                     f_index.middle -0.36
## 291                        f_onehanded               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.37
## 292               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                        f_onehanded -0.37
## 293                  MovementFrequency                           f_curved -0.37
## 294                           f_curved                  MovementFrequency -0.37
## 295                 f_neutral.minorloc                             f_hand -0.38
## 296                             f_hand                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.38
## 297             MinorLocationFrequency                             f_body -0.38
## 298                             f_body             MinorLocationFrequency -0.38
## 299                 f_neutral.majorloc                             f_hand -0.38
## 300                             f_hand                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.38
## 301             MajorLocationFrequency               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.39
## 302               f_asymmetricaldiffhs             MajorLocationFrequency -0.39
## 303                  SignTypeFrequency                             f_palm -0.39
## 304                             f_palm                  SignTypeFrequency -0.39
## 305                   FlexionFrequency                            f_flex6 -0.39
## 306                            f_flex6                   FlexionFrequency -0.39
## 307                   FlexionFrequency                            f_flex4 -0.40
## 308                            f_flex4                   FlexionFrequency -0.40
## 309                             f_hand                        f_onehanded -0.41
## 310                        f_onehanded                             f_hand -0.41
## 311           SelectedFingersFrequency                     f_index.middle -0.42
## 312                     f_index.middle           SelectedFingersFrequency -0.42
## 313                  SignTypeFrequency               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.48
## 314               f_asymmetricalsamehs                  SignTypeFrequency -0.48
## 315                 f_neutral.minorloc                             f_head -0.48
## 316                             f_head                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.48
## 317                             f_head                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.48
## 318                 f_neutral.majorloc                             f_head -0.48
## 319             MajorLocationFrequency                             f_hand -0.49
## 320                             f_hand             MajorLocationFrequency -0.49
## 321                  MovementFrequency                         f_circular -0.50
## 322                         f_circular                  MovementFrequency -0.50
## 323             MajorLocationFrequency                             f_body -0.52
## 324                             f_body             MajorLocationFrequency -0.52
## 325                  SignTypeFrequency               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.53
## 326               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                  SignTypeFrequency -0.53
## 327                            f_index                      f_all4fingers -0.55
## 328                      f_all4fingers                            f_index -0.55
## 329           f_symmetricoralternating                        f_onehanded -0.57
## 330                        f_onehanded           f_symmetricoralternating -0.57
## 331                  SignTypeFrequency                             f_hand -0.67
## 332                             f_hand                  SignTypeFrequency -0.67

Correlations between principal components and item-data

Here is a look at the correlations between the first ten principal components and a few of the item-level variables. We should talk about what to look at here.

Similar to before, we can rank these correlations and filter for only correlations that show a certain strength. Again, this is only looking at the first ten principal components.

##                                   Var1                               Var2 value
## 1                   f_neutral.minorloc                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.99
## 2                   f_neutral.majorloc                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.99
## 3                     FlexionFrequency                            f_flex1  0.92
## 4                              f_flex1                   FlexionFrequency  0.92
## 5             SelectedFingersFrequency                      f_all4fingers  0.92
## 6                        f_all4fingers           SelectedFingersFrequency  0.92
## 7                    SignTypeFrequency                        f_onehanded  0.89
## 8                          f_onehanded                  SignTypeFrequency  0.89
## 9               MajorLocationFrequency                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.86
## 10                  f_neutral.majorloc             MajorLocationFrequency  0.86
## 11              MajorLocationFrequency                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.85
## 12                  f_neutral.minorloc             MajorLocationFrequency  0.85
## 13                   MovementFrequency                       f_back.forth  0.84
## 14                        f_back.forth                  MovementFrequency  0.84
## 15              MinorLocationFrequency                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.84
## 16                  f_neutral.minorloc             MinorLocationFrequency  0.84
## 17              MinorLocationFrequency                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.83
## 18                  f_neutral.majorloc             MinorLocationFrequency  0.83
## 19                  f_neutral.majorloc                                PC1  0.81
## 20                                 PC1                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.81
## 21                  f_neutral.minorloc                                PC1  0.81
## 22                                 PC1                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.81
## 23            f_symmetricoralternating                                PC1  0.71
## 24                                 PC1           f_symmetricoralternating  0.71
## 25                              f_hand                                PC2  0.69
## 26                                 PC2                             f_hand  0.69
## 27                              f_hand               f_asymmetricaldiffhs  0.67
## 28                f_asymmetricaldiffhs                             f_hand  0.67
## 29                      f_ForearmUlnar                              f_arm  0.66
## 30                               f_arm                     f_ForearmUlnar  0.66
## 31                  HandshapeFrequency                            f_flex1  0.64
## 32                             f_flex1                 HandshapeFrequency  0.64
## 33                             f_flex1                                PC5  0.63
## 34                                 PC5                            f_flex1  0.63
## 35                          f_clavicle                             f_body  0.62
## 36                              f_body                         f_clavicle  0.62
## 37          MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex1  0.61
## 38                             f_flex1         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.61
## 39                        f_back.forth                                PC9  0.60
## 40                                 PC9                       f_back.forth  0.60
## 41                              f_palm                             f_hand  0.60
## 42                              f_hand                             f_palm  0.60
## 43                        f_back.forth                                PC7  0.53
## 44                                 PC7                       f_back.forth  0.53
## 45                              f_body                                PC3  0.53
## 46                                 PC3                             f_body  0.53
## 47                f_asymmetricaldiffhs                                PC2  0.52
## 48                                 PC2               f_asymmetricaldiffhs  0.52
## 49                              f_palm               f_asymmetricaldiffhs  0.51
## 50                f_asymmetricaldiffhs                             f_palm  0.51
## 51                              f_head                        f_onehanded  0.49
## 52                         f_onehanded                             f_head  0.49
## 53                             f_index                                PC6  0.49
## 54                                 PC6                            f_index  0.49
## 55                  f_neutral.majorloc           f_symmetricoralternating  0.49
## 56            f_symmetricoralternating                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.49
## 57                       f_all4fingers                                PC3  0.48
## 58                                 PC3                      f_all4fingers  0.48
## 59                  f_neutral.minorloc           f_symmetricoralternating  0.48
## 60            f_symmetricoralternating                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.48
## 61          MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex1  0.47
## 62                             f_flex1         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.47
## 63                             f_flex1                                PC4  0.46
## 64                                 PC4                            f_flex1  0.46
## 65                   SignTypeFrequency                             f_head  0.46
## 66                              f_head                  SignTypeFrequency  0.46
## 67                  HandshapeFrequency                      f_all4fingers  0.45
## 68                       f_all4fingers                 HandshapeFrequency  0.45
## 69                      f_middlefinger                            f_flex3  0.44
## 70                             f_flex3                     f_middlefinger  0.44
## 71  Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex1  0.44
## 72                             f_flex1 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity  0.44
## 73                              f_palm                                PC2  0.44
## 74                                 PC2                             f_palm  0.44
## 75                             f_index                                PC7  0.41
## 76                                 PC7                            f_index  0.41
## 77                          f_torsotop                             f_body  0.39
## 78                              f_body                         f_torsotop  0.39
## 79              MajorLocationFrequency           f_symmetricoralternating  0.39
## 80            f_symmetricoralternating             MajorLocationFrequency  0.39
## 81                              f_hand               f_asymmetricalsamehs  0.39
## 82                f_asymmetricalsamehs                             f_hand  0.39
## 83                              f_chin                             f_head  0.39
## 84                              f_head                             f_chin  0.39
## 85                               f_eye                             f_head  0.38
## 86                              f_head                              f_eye  0.38
## 87              MinorLocationFrequency           f_symmetricoralternating  0.38
## 88            f_symmetricoralternating             MinorLocationFrequency  0.38
## 89                          f_upperarm                              f_arm  0.38
## 90                               f_arm                         f_upperarm  0.38
## 91          MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                      f_all4fingers  0.36
## 92                       f_all4fingers         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.36
## 93                             f_flex3                                PC6  0.36
## 94                                 PC6                            f_flex3  0.36
## 95                              f_body                                PC4  0.35
## 96                                 PC4                             f_body  0.35
## 97                             f_flex6                                PC6  0.35
## 98                                 PC6                            f_flex6  0.35
## 99                         f_cheeknose                             f_head  0.35
## 100                             f_head                        f_cheeknose  0.35
## 101                         f_clavicle                                PC3  0.34
## 102                                PC3                         f_clavicle  0.34
## 103                            f_flex2                                PC6  0.33
## 104                                PC6                            f_flex2  0.33
## 105                       f_back.forth                               PC10  0.33
## 106                               PC10                       f_back.forth  0.33
## 107         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                      f_all4fingers  0.32
## 108                      f_all4fingers         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.32
## 109                            f_thumb                                PC5  0.32
## 110                                PC5                            f_thumb  0.32
## 111               f_asymmetricalsamehs                                PC2  0.32
## 112                                PC2               f_asymmetricalsamehs  0.32
## 113                     f_index.middle                                PC4  0.32
## 114                                PC4                     f_index.middle  0.32
## 115                     f_fingerradial                             f_hand  0.32
## 116                             f_hand                     f_fingerradial  0.32
## 117                      f_all4fingers                                PC1  0.32
## 118                                PC1                      f_all4fingers  0.32
## 119                            f_mouth                             f_head  0.31
## 120                             f_head                            f_mouth  0.31
## 121                            f_index                                PC8  0.31
## 122                                PC8                            f_index  0.31
## 123                         f_straight                                PC8  0.31
## 124                                PC8                         f_straight  0.31
## 125                             f_neck                             f_body  0.30
## 126                             f_body                             f_neck  0.30
## 127                         f_palmback                             f_hand  0.29
## 128                             f_hand                         f_palmback  0.29
## 129                     f_index.middle                          f_stacked  0.29
## 130                          f_stacked                     f_index.middle  0.29
## 131                              f_arm                                PC4  0.29
## 132                                PC4                              f_arm  0.29
## 133                            f_thumb                                PC4  0.28
## 134                                PC4                            f_thumb  0.28
## 135                     f_middlefinger                                PC6  0.28
## 136                                PC6                     f_middlefinger  0.28
## 137                            f_flex3                                PC9  0.28
## 138                                PC9                            f_flex3  0.28
## 139 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                       f_back.forth  0.28
## 140                       f_back.forth Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity  0.28
## 141                       f_fingerback                             f_hand  0.27
## 142                             f_hand                       f_fingerback  0.27
## 143 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                      f_all4fingers  0.27
## 144                      f_all4fingers Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity  0.27
## 145                      f_all4fingers                                PC2  0.27
## 146                                PC2                      f_all4fingers  0.27
## 147                     f_middlefinger                                PC8  0.27
## 148                                PC8                     f_middlefinger  0.27
## 149                         f_shoulder                             f_body  0.27
## 150                             f_body                         f_shoulder  0.27
## 151                        f_wristback                              f_arm  0.27
## 152                      f_forearmback                              f_arm  0.27
## 153                              f_arm                        f_wristback  0.27
## 154                              f_arm                      f_forearmback  0.27
## 155                            f_flex5                                PC3  0.27
## 156                                PC3                            f_flex5  0.27
## 157                           f_curved                                PC3  0.27
## 158                                PC3                           f_curved  0.27
## 159         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                       f_back.forth  0.27
## 160                       f_back.forth         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.27
## 161                     f_middlefinger                                PC9  0.26
## 162                                PC9                     f_middlefinger  0.26
## 163                      f_all4fingers                            f_flex5  0.26
## 164                            f_flex5                      f_all4fingers  0.26
## 165                            f_flex3                                PC3  0.26
## 166                                PC3                            f_flex3  0.26
## 167                             f_chin                        f_onehanded  0.26
## 168                        f_onehanded                             f_chin  0.26
## 169         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                       f_back.forth  0.25
## 170                       f_back.forth         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.25
## 171                      f_all4fingers                            f_flex7  0.25
## 172                            f_flex7                      f_all4fingers  0.25
## 173                         f_circular                                PC8  0.25
## 174                                PC8                         f_circular  0.25
## 175                     f_fingerradial                                PC2  0.25
## 176                                PC2                     f_fingerradial  0.25
## 177               f_asymmetricalsamehs                                PC9  0.25
## 178                                PC9               f_asymmetricalsamehs  0.25
## 179                            f_flex2                                PC7  0.25
## 180                                PC7                            f_flex2  0.25
## 181                         f_forehead                             f_head  0.25
## 182                             f_head                         f_forehead  0.25
## 183                            f_pinky                                PC5  0.25
## 184                                PC5                            f_pinky  0.25
## 185           SelectedFingersFrequency                            f_flex5  0.25
## 186                            f_flex5           SelectedFingersFrequency  0.25
## 187                        f_fingertip                             f_hand  0.24
## 188                             f_hand                        f_fingertip  0.24
## 189                     f_fingerradial               f_asymmetricalsamehs  0.24
## 190               f_asymmetricalsamehs                     f_fingerradial  0.24
## 191           SelectedFingersFrequency                            f_flex7  0.24
## 192                            f_flex7           SelectedFingersFrequency  0.24
## 193                             f_hips                             f_body  0.23
## 194                         f_torsomid                             f_body  0.23
## 195                             f_body                             f_hips  0.23
## 196                             f_body                         f_torsomid  0.23
## 197                   f_mid.ring.pinky                            f_flex6  0.23
## 198                            f_flex6                   f_mid.ring.pinky  0.23
## 199                         f_palmback                                PC2  0.23
## 200                                PC2                         f_palmback  0.23
## 201                              f_eye                                PC8  0.23
## 202                                PC8                              f_eye  0.23
## 203                  SignTypeFrequency                             f_chin  0.23
## 204                             f_chin                  SignTypeFrequency  0.23
## 205                        f_cheeknose                        f_onehanded  0.23
## 206                        f_onehanded                        f_cheeknose  0.23
## 207           f_symmetricoralternating                               PC10  0.22
## 208                               PC10           f_symmetricoralternating  0.22
## 209                              f_eye                               PC10  0.22
## 210                               PC10                              f_eye  0.22
## 211                         f_clavicle                                PC4  0.22
## 212                                PC4                         f_clavicle  0.22
## 213                   f_other_minorloc                             f_head  0.22
## 214                             f_head                   f_other_minorloc  0.22
## 215                           Compound                      f_no_movement  0.22
## 216                      f_no_movement                           Compound  0.22
## 217                            f_flex2                               PC10  0.22
## 218                               PC10                            f_flex2  0.22
## 219                  SignTypeFrequency                        f_cheeknose  0.21
## 220                        f_cheeknose                  SignTypeFrequency  0.21
## 221                 f_neutral.majorloc                                PC2  0.21
## 222                                PC2                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.21
## 223         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.21
## 224                 f_neutral.minorloc         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.21
## 225         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.21
## 226                 f_neutral.minorloc         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.21
## 227         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.21
## 228                 f_neutral.majorloc         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.21
## 229                     SignLength(ms)                         f_circular  0.21
## 230                         f_circular                     SignLength(ms)  0.21
## 231                         f_palmback                                PC9  0.21
## 232                                PC9                         f_palmback  0.21
## 233                      f_all4fingers           f_symmetricoralternating  0.21
## 234           f_symmetricoralternating                      f_all4fingers  0.21
## 235                         f_torsotop                                PC3  0.21
## 236                                PC3                         f_torsotop  0.21
## 237         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                 f_neutral.majorloc  0.21
## 238                 f_neutral.majorloc         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.21
## 239                            f_flex6                                PC7  0.21
## 240                                PC7                            f_flex6  0.21
## 241                             f_palm                               PC10  0.21
## 242                               PC10                             f_palm  0.21
## 243         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity           f_symmetricoralternating  0.21
## 244           f_symmetricoralternating         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.21
## 245                 f_neutral.minorloc                                PC2  0.20
## 246                                PC2                 f_neutral.minorloc  0.20
## 247         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                        f_onehanded  0.20
## 248                        f_onehanded         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.20
## 249              FingerspelledLoanSign                   f_mid.ring.pinky  0.20
## 250                   f_mid.ring.pinky              FingerspelledLoanSign  0.20
## 251                   f_other_minorloc                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.20
## 252                 f_neutral.majorloc                   f_other_minorloc -0.20
## 253                        f_fingertip                               PC10 -0.20
## 254                               PC10                        f_fingertip -0.20
## 255                            f_flex6                                PC3 -0.20
## 256                                PC3                            f_flex6 -0.20
## 257                   FlexionFrequency                          f_stacked -0.20
## 258                          f_stacked                   FlexionFrequency -0.20
## 259 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                         f_circular -0.20
## 260                         f_circular Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity -0.20
## 261             MajorLocationFrequency                         f_torsotop -0.20
## 262                         f_torsotop             MajorLocationFrequency -0.20
## 263               f_asymmetricalsamehs                                PC4 -0.20
## 264                                PC4               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.20
## 265                  SignTypeFrequency                         f_palmback -0.21
## 266                         f_palmback                  SignTypeFrequency -0.21
## 267           SelectedFingersFrequency                            f_index -0.21
## 268                            f_index           SelectedFingersFrequency -0.21
## 269                 HandshapeFrequency                     f_middlefinger -0.21
## 270                     f_middlefinger                 HandshapeFrequency -0.21
## 271                            f_index                                PC2 -0.21
## 272                                PC2                            f_index -0.21
## 273                            f_flex4                                PC9 -0.21
## 274                                PC9                            f_flex4 -0.21
## 275                         f_straight                                PC9 -0.21
## 276                                PC9                         f_straight -0.21
## 277                   f_other_minorloc                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.21
## 278                 f_neutral.minorloc                   f_other_minorloc -0.21
## 279         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                         f_circular -0.21
## 280                         f_circular         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity -0.21
## 281                             f_palm                             f_head -0.21
## 282                             f_head                             f_palm -0.21
## 283                   FlexionFrequency                          f_crossed -0.21
## 284                          f_crossed                   FlexionFrequency -0.21
## 285           f_symmetricoralternating               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.21
## 286               f_asymmetricalsamehs           f_symmetricoralternating -0.21
## 287                            f_flex1                                PC3 -0.21
## 288                                PC3                            f_flex1 -0.21
## 289                              f_eye                                PC4 -0.21
## 290                                PC4                              f_eye -0.21
## 291         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                              f_arm -0.21
## 292                              f_arm         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity -0.21
## 293                  MovementFrequency                         f_straight -0.21
## 294                         f_straight                  MovementFrequency -0.21
## 295             MajorLocationFrequency               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.21
## 296               f_asymmetricalsamehs             MajorLocationFrequency -0.21
## 297                             f_chin                                PC7 -0.22
## 298                                PC7                             f_chin -0.22
## 299                            f_flex4                                PC8 -0.22
## 300                                PC8                            f_flex4 -0.22
## 301                         f_straight                      f_no_movement -0.22
## 302                      f_no_movement                         f_straight -0.22
## 303                             f_palm           f_symmetricoralternating -0.22
## 304           f_symmetricoralternating                             f_palm -0.22
## 305                     f_index.middle                                PC1 -0.22
## 306                                PC1                     f_index.middle -0.22
## 307                     f_index.middle                                PC3 -0.22
## 308                                PC3                     f_index.middle -0.22
## 309                            f_thumb                      f_all4fingers -0.22
## 310                      f_all4fingers                            f_thumb -0.22
## 311                      f_no_movement                                PC9 -0.22
## 312                                PC9                      f_no_movement -0.22
## 313                        f_onehanded                               PC10 -0.22
## 314                               PC10                        f_onehanded -0.22
## 315                             f_palm                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.22
## 316                 f_neutral.majorloc                             f_palm -0.22
## 317                 HandshapeFrequency                            f_flex6 -0.22
## 318                            f_flex6                 HandshapeFrequency -0.22
## 319         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                     f_index.middle -0.22
## 320                     f_index.middle         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity -0.22
## 321                             f_body                             f_head -0.23
## 322                             f_head                             f_body -0.23
## 323         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                     f_middlefinger -0.23
## 324                     f_middlefinger         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity -0.23
## 325                             f_hand                                PC4 -0.23
## 326                                PC4                             f_hand -0.23
## 327                             f_head           f_symmetricoralternating -0.23
## 328           f_symmetricoralternating                             f_head -0.23
## 329             MinorLocationFrequency                              f_arm -0.23
## 330                              f_arm             MinorLocationFrequency -0.23
## 331                             f_palm                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.23
## 332                 f_neutral.minorloc                             f_palm -0.23
## 333 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                             f_body -0.23
## 334                             f_body Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity -0.23
## 335                  SignTypeFrequency                     f_fingerradial -0.23
## 336                     f_fingerradial                  SignTypeFrequency -0.23
## 337                     f_index.middle                            f_index -0.23
## 338                            f_index                     f_index.middle -0.23
## 339                             f_palm                                PC9 -0.23
## 340                                PC9                             f_palm -0.23
## 341               f_asymmetricalsamehs                        f_onehanded -0.23
## 342                        f_onehanded               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.23
## 343                            f_flex4                            f_flex1 -0.24
## 344                            f_flex1                            f_flex4 -0.24
## 345                 f_neutral.minorloc                             f_body -0.24
## 346                             f_body                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.24
## 347                  SignTypeFrequency                   f_other_signtype -0.24
## 348                   f_other_signtype                  SignTypeFrequency -0.24
## 349                            f_mouth                                PC2 -0.24
## 350                                PC2                            f_mouth -0.24
## 351                             f_head               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.25
## 352               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                             f_head -0.25
## 353                             f_head                                PC1 -0.25
## 354                                PC1                             f_head -0.25
## 355                      f_no_movement                                PC3 -0.25
## 356                                PC3                      f_no_movement -0.25
## 357                             f_body                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.25
## 358                 f_neutral.majorloc                             f_body -0.25
## 359             MinorLocationFrequency                             f_hand -0.25
## 360                             f_hand             MinorLocationFrequency -0.25
## 361                             f_palm                        f_onehanded -0.25
## 362                        f_onehanded                             f_palm -0.25
## 363         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                     f_middlefinger -0.25
## 364                     f_middlefinger         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity -0.25
## 365                            f_flex2                                PC8 -0.25
## 366                                PC8                            f_flex2 -0.25
## 367                 HandshapeFrequency                            f_flex2 -0.25
## 368                            f_flex2                 HandshapeFrequency -0.25
## 369         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                             f_body -0.26
## 370                             f_body         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity -0.26
## 371                   FlexionFrequency                            f_flex7 -0.26
## 372                            f_flex7                   FlexionFrequency -0.26
## 373         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex3 -0.26
## 374                            f_flex3         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity -0.26
## 375               f_asymmetricalsamehs                                PC1 -0.26
## 376                                PC1               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.26
## 377                      f_no_movement                                PC7 -0.26
## 378                                PC7                      f_no_movement -0.26
## 379                      f_no_movement                                PC2 -0.26
## 380                                PC2                      f_no_movement -0.26
## 381                         f_circular                       f_back.forth -0.27
## 382                       f_back.forth                         f_circular -0.27
## 383         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex3 -0.27
## 384                            f_flex3         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity -0.27
## 385                            f_flex6                            f_flex1 -0.27
## 386                            f_flex1                            f_flex6 -0.27
## 387                 HandshapeFrequency                            f_flex4 -0.28
## 388                            f_flex4                 HandshapeFrequency -0.28
## 389                            f_flex2                            f_flex1 -0.28
## 390                            f_flex1                            f_flex2 -0.28
## 391                              f_arm                                PC5 -0.28
## 392                                PC5                              f_arm -0.28
## 393                   f_other_minorloc                                PC5 -0.29
## 394                                PC5                   f_other_minorloc -0.29
## 395                 f_neutral.majorloc               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.29
## 396               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.29
## 397                           f_curved                       f_back.forth -0.29
## 398                       f_back.forth                           f_curved -0.29
## 399                 HandshapeFrequency                     f_index.middle -0.29
## 400                     f_index.middle                 HandshapeFrequency -0.29
## 401             MajorLocationFrequency                             f_palm -0.29
## 402                             f_palm             MajorLocationFrequency -0.29
## 403                 f_neutral.minorloc               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.29
## 404               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.29
## 405 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                            f_flex3 -0.29
## 406                            f_flex3 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity -0.29
## 407                     f_middlefinger                                PC7 -0.29
## 408                                PC7                     f_middlefinger -0.29
## 409                            f_flex1                            f_flex7 -0.30
## 410                            f_flex7                            f_flex1 -0.30
## 411                            f_flex5                                PC9 -0.30
## 412                                PC9                            f_flex5 -0.30
## 413             MajorLocationFrequency                              f_arm -0.30
## 414                              f_arm             MajorLocationFrequency -0.30
## 415                            f_flex7                                PC5 -0.30
## 416                                PC5                            f_flex7 -0.30
## 417         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                             f_hand -0.30
## 418                             f_hand         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity -0.30
## 419           SelectedFingersFrequency                     f_middlefinger -0.30
## 420                     f_middlefinger           SelectedFingersFrequency -0.30
## 421                        f_cheeknose                                PC2 -0.30
## 422                                PC2                        f_cheeknose -0.30
## 423                            f_flex3                            f_flex1 -0.30
## 424                            f_flex1                            f_flex3 -0.30
## 425             MinorLocationFrequency                             f_head -0.31
## 426                             f_head             MinorLocationFrequency -0.31
## 427                              f_eye                                PC2 -0.31
## 428                                PC2                              f_eye -0.31
## 429         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.31
## 430               f_asymmetricaldiffhs         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity -0.31
## 431             MajorLocationFrequency                         f_clavicle -0.32
## 432                         f_clavicle             MajorLocationFrequency -0.32
## 433                            f_flex5                                PC4 -0.32
## 434                                PC4                            f_flex5 -0.32
## 435                   FlexionFrequency                            f_flex2 -0.33
## 436                            f_flex2                   FlexionFrequency -0.33
## 437           SelectedFingersFrequency                            f_pinky -0.33
## 438                            f_pinky           SelectedFingersFrequency -0.33
## 439           f_symmetricoralternating               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.33
## 440               f_asymmetricaldiffhs           f_symmetricoralternating -0.33
## 441                             f_head                                PC4 -0.33
## 442                                PC4                             f_head -0.33
## 443                         f_circular                               PC10 -0.34
## 444                               PC10                         f_circular -0.34
## 445           SelectedFingersFrequency                            f_thumb -0.34
## 446                            f_thumb           SelectedFingersFrequency -0.34
## 447                 HandshapeFrequency                            f_flex3 -0.34
## 448                            f_flex3                 HandshapeFrequency -0.34
## 449                             f_chin                                PC2 -0.34
## 450                                PC2                             f_chin -0.34
## 451                             f_head                             f_hand -0.34
## 452                             f_hand                             f_head -0.34
## 453               f_asymmetricalsamehs                               PC10 -0.35
## 454                               PC10               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.35
## 455                            f_flex5                            f_flex1 -0.35
## 456                            f_flex1                            f_flex5 -0.35
## 457                      f_no_movement                       f_back.forth -0.35
## 458                       f_back.forth                      f_no_movement -0.35
## 459                  MovementFrequency                   f_other_movement -0.35
## 460                   f_other_movement                  MovementFrequency -0.35
## 461                     f_index.middle                                PC7 -0.35
## 462                                PC7                     f_index.middle -0.35
## 463               f_asymmetricalsamehs                                PC6 -0.35
## 464                                PC6               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.35
## 465                         f_straight                       f_back.forth -0.36
## 466                       f_back.forth                         f_straight -0.36
## 467                             f_hand           f_symmetricoralternating -0.36
## 468           f_symmetricoralternating                             f_hand -0.36
## 469                     f_index.middle                      f_all4fingers -0.36
## 470                      f_all4fingers                     f_index.middle -0.36
## 471                       f_back.forth                                PC8 -0.37
## 472                                PC8                       f_back.forth -0.37
## 473                        f_onehanded               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.37
## 474               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                        f_onehanded -0.37
## 475                  MovementFrequency                           f_curved -0.37
## 476                           f_curved                  MovementFrequency -0.37
## 477                            f_index                                PC3 -0.38
## 478                                PC3                            f_index -0.38
## 479                 f_neutral.minorloc                             f_hand -0.38
## 480                             f_hand                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.38
## 481             MinorLocationFrequency                             f_body -0.38
## 482                             f_body             MinorLocationFrequency -0.38
## 483                            f_flex6                               PC10 -0.38
## 484                               PC10                            f_flex6 -0.38
## 485                 f_neutral.majorloc                             f_hand -0.38
## 486                             f_hand                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.38
## 487             MajorLocationFrequency               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.39
## 488               f_asymmetricaldiffhs             MajorLocationFrequency -0.39
## 489                  SignTypeFrequency                             f_palm -0.39
## 490                             f_palm                  SignTypeFrequency -0.39
## 491                   FlexionFrequency                            f_flex6 -0.39
## 492                            f_flex6                   FlexionFrequency -0.39
## 493                   FlexionFrequency                            f_flex4 -0.40
## 494                            f_flex4                   FlexionFrequency -0.40
## 495                           f_curved                                PC9 -0.41
## 496                                PC9                           f_curved -0.41
## 497                             f_hand                        f_onehanded -0.41
## 498                        f_onehanded                             f_hand -0.41
## 499           SelectedFingersFrequency                     f_index.middle -0.42
## 500                     f_index.middle           SelectedFingersFrequency -0.42
## 501                            f_flex3                                PC7 -0.42
## 502                                PC7                            f_flex3 -0.42
## 503                            f_flex5                                PC5 -0.42
## 504                                PC5                            f_flex5 -0.42
## 505                             f_palm                                PC1 -0.44
## 506                                PC1                             f_palm -0.44
## 507                      f_all4fingers                                PC4 -0.45
## 508                                PC4                      f_all4fingers -0.45
## 509                  SignTypeFrequency               f_asymmetricalsamehs -0.48
## 510               f_asymmetricalsamehs                  SignTypeFrequency -0.48
## 511                 f_neutral.minorloc                             f_head -0.48
## 512                             f_head                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.48
## 513                 f_neutral.minorloc                                PC3 -0.48
## 514                                PC3                 f_neutral.minorloc -0.48
## 515                             f_head                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.48
## 516                 f_neutral.majorloc                             f_head -0.48
## 517                 f_neutral.majorloc                                PC3 -0.49
## 518                                PC3                 f_neutral.majorloc -0.49
## 519             MajorLocationFrequency                             f_hand -0.49
## 520                             f_hand             MajorLocationFrequency -0.49
## 521                      f_all4fingers                                PC6 -0.49
## 522                                PC6                      f_all4fingers -0.49
## 523                     f_index.middle                                PC8 -0.50
## 524                                PC8                     f_index.middle -0.50
## 525                  MovementFrequency                         f_circular -0.50
## 526                         f_circular                  MovementFrequency -0.50
## 527             MajorLocationFrequency                             f_body -0.52
## 528                             f_body             MajorLocationFrequency -0.52
## 529                      f_all4fingers                                PC5 -0.53
## 530                                PC5                      f_all4fingers -0.53
## 531                  SignTypeFrequency               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.53
## 532               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                  SignTypeFrequency -0.53
## 533                            f_flex1                                PC6 -0.55
## 534                                PC6                            f_flex1 -0.55
## 535                            f_index                      f_all4fingers -0.55
## 536                      f_all4fingers                            f_index -0.55
## 537           f_symmetricoralternating                        f_onehanded -0.57
## 538                        f_onehanded           f_symmetricoralternating -0.57
## 539               f_asymmetricaldiffhs                                PC1 -0.60
## 540                                PC1               f_asymmetricaldiffhs -0.60
## 541                  SignTypeFrequency                             f_hand -0.67
## 542                             f_hand                  SignTypeFrequency -0.67
## 543                             f_hand                                PC1 -0.69
## 544                                PC1                             f_hand -0.69
## 545                        f_onehanded                                PC2 -0.76
## 546                                PC2                        f_onehanded -0.76
## 547                             f_head                                PC2 -0.78
## 548                                PC2                             f_head -0.78

Correlations with iconicity

Here we have a similar long data structure showing the correlations, but only when one of the variables participating in the correlation is iconicity. This is based on a less stringent threshold for rho (filtering out values between .10 and -.10).

##                                   Var1                               Var2 value
## 1                       Iconicity(M)_1                       Iconicity(M)  1.00
## 2                         Iconicity(M)                     Iconicity(M)_1  1.00
## 3                         Iconicity(M)                       Iconicity(Z)  0.99
## 4                       Iconicity(M)_1                       Iconicity(Z)  0.99
## 5                         Iconicity(Z)                       Iconicity(M)  0.99
## 6                         Iconicity(Z)                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.99
## 7                         Iconicity(N)                   SignFrequency(N)  0.45
## 8                     SignFrequency(N)                       Iconicity(N)  0.45
## 9                         Iconicity(N)            SignFrequency(N-Native)  0.30
## 10             SignFrequency(N-Native)                       Iconicity(N)  0.30
## 11                      SignLength(ms)                      Iconicity(SD)  0.20
## 12                       Iconicity(SD)                     SignLength(ms)  0.20
## 13                                List                      Iconicity(SD)  0.18
## 14                       Iconicity(SD)                               List  0.18
## 15            SelectedFingersFrequency                       Iconicity(Z)  0.18
## 16                        Iconicity(Z)           SelectedFingersFrequency  0.18
## 17            SelectedFingersFrequency                       Iconicity(M)  0.18
## 18            SelectedFingersFrequency                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.18
## 19                        Iconicity(M)           SelectedFingersFrequency  0.18
## 20                      Iconicity(M)_1           SelectedFingersFrequency  0.18
## 21                        Iconicity(N)                      Iconicity(SD)  0.17
## 22                       Iconicity(SD)                       Iconicity(N)  0.17
## 23                            Repeat.1                       Iconicity(N)  0.16
## 24                        Iconicity(N)                           Repeat.1  0.16
## 25                       Iconicity(SD)                  SignFrequency(SD)  0.16
## 26                   SignFrequency(SD)                      Iconicity(SD)  0.16
## 27                        Iconicity(Z)                   f_other_minorloc  0.16
## 28                    f_other_minorloc                       Iconicity(Z)  0.16
## 29                        Iconicity(M)                   f_other_minorloc  0.15
## 30                      Iconicity(M)_1                   f_other_minorloc  0.15
## 31                    f_other_minorloc                       Iconicity(M)  0.15
## 32                    f_other_minorloc                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.15
## 33                        Iconicity(Z)                      f_all4fingers  0.14
## 34                       f_all4fingers                       Iconicity(Z)  0.14
## 35                        Iconicity(Z)                            f_flex7  0.13
## 36                             f_flex7                       Iconicity(Z)  0.13
## 37                        Iconicity(M)                      f_all4fingers  0.13
## 38                      Iconicity(M)_1                      f_all4fingers  0.13
## 39                       f_all4fingers                       Iconicity(M)  0.13
## 40                       f_all4fingers                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.13
## 41                        Iconicity(M)                            f_flex7  0.13
## 42                      Iconicity(M)_1                            f_flex7  0.13
## 43                             f_flex7                       Iconicity(M)  0.13
## 44                             f_flex7                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.13
## 45                        Iconicity(M)           f_symmetricoralternating  0.13
## 46                      Iconicity(M)_1           f_symmetricoralternating  0.13
## 47            f_symmetricoralternating                       Iconicity(M)  0.13
## 48            f_symmetricoralternating                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.13
## 49                        Iconicity(Z)           f_symmetricoralternating  0.13
## 50            f_symmetricoralternating                       Iconicity(Z)  0.13
## 51                        Iconicity(M)                                PC7  0.12
## 52                      Iconicity(M)_1                                PC7  0.12
## 53                                 PC7                       Iconicity(M)  0.12
## 54                                 PC7                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.12
## 55                  HandshapeFrequency                       Iconicity(Z)  0.12
## 56                        Iconicity(Z)                 HandshapeFrequency  0.12
## 57                            Compound                      Iconicity(SD)  0.12
## 58                       Iconicity(SD)                           Compound  0.12
## 59  Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                       Iconicity(Z)  0.12
## 60                        Iconicity(Z) Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity  0.12
## 61                        Iconicity(Z)                                PC1  0.11
## 62                                 PC1                       Iconicity(Z)  0.11
## 63                        Iconicity(Z)                                PC7  0.11
## 64                                 PC7                       Iconicity(Z)  0.11
## 65                        Iconicity(M)                                PC1  0.11
## 66                      Iconicity(M)_1                                PC1  0.11
## 67                                 PC1                       Iconicity(M)  0.11
## 68                                 PC1                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.11
## 69                        Iconicity(Z)                         f_torsotop  0.11
## 70                          f_torsotop                       Iconicity(Z)  0.11
## 71                      SignLength(ms)                       Iconicity(N)  0.11
## 72                        Iconicity(N)                     SignLength(ms)  0.11
## 73                        Iconicity(N)                  GlossConfirmation  0.11
## 74                   GlossConfirmation                       Iconicity(N)  0.11
## 75                  HandshapeFrequency                       Iconicity(M)  0.11
## 76                  HandshapeFrequency                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.11
## 77                        Iconicity(M)                 HandshapeFrequency  0.11
## 78                      Iconicity(M)_1                 HandshapeFrequency  0.11
## 79  Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                       Iconicity(M)  0.11
## 80  Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.11
## 81                        Iconicity(M) Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity  0.11
## 82                      Iconicity(M)_1 Parameter-BasedNeighborhoodDensity  0.11
## 83                        Iconicity(M)                         f_torsotop  0.11
## 84                      Iconicity(M)_1                         f_torsotop  0.11
## 85                          f_torsotop                       Iconicity(M)  0.11
## 86                          f_torsotop                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.11
## 87          MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                       Iconicity(Z)  0.11
## 88                        Iconicity(Z)         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.11
## 89          MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                       Iconicity(Z)  0.10
## 90                        Iconicity(Z)         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.10
## 91          MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                       Iconicity(M)  0.10
## 92          MaximalNeighborhoodDensity                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.10
## 93                        Iconicity(M)         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.10
## 94                      Iconicity(M)_1         MaximalNeighborhoodDensity  0.10
## 95          MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                       Iconicity(M)  0.10
## 96          MinimalNeighborhoodDensity                     Iconicity(M)_1  0.10
## 97                        Iconicity(M)         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.10
## 98                      Iconicity(M)_1         MinimalNeighborhoodDensity  0.10
## 99                       Iconicity(SD)            SignFrequency(M-Native) -0.10
## 100            SignFrequency(M-Native)                      Iconicity(SD) -0.10
## 101                       Iconicity(Z)                          f_stacked -0.10
## 102                          f_stacked                       Iconicity(Z) -0.10
## 103                       Iconicity(M)                          f_stacked -0.11
## 104                     Iconicity(M)_1                          f_stacked -0.11
## 105                          f_stacked                       Iconicity(M) -0.11
## 106                          f_stacked                     Iconicity(M)_1 -0.11
## 107                       Iconicity(Z)                     f_ForearmUlnar -0.11
## 108                     f_ForearmUlnar                       Iconicity(Z) -0.11
## 109                       Iconicity(M)                     f_ForearmUlnar -0.11
## 110                     Iconicity(M)_1                     f_ForearmUlnar -0.11
## 111                     f_ForearmUlnar                       Iconicity(M) -0.11
## 112                     f_ForearmUlnar                     Iconicity(M)_1 -0.11
## 113                       Iconicity(Z)                                PC9 -0.11
## 114                                PC9                       Iconicity(Z) -0.11
## 115                   SubtLexUSLog10WF                      Iconicity(SD) -0.12
## 116                      Iconicity(SD)                   SubtLexUSLog10WF -0.12
## 117                       Iconicity(M)                           Compound -0.13
## 118                     Iconicity(M)_1                           Compound -0.13
## 119                           Compound                       Iconicity(M) -0.13
## 120                           Compound                     Iconicity(M)_1 -0.13
## 121                       Iconicity(M)                            f_thumb -0.13
## 122                     Iconicity(M)_1                            f_thumb -0.13
## 123                            f_thumb                       Iconicity(M) -0.13
## 124                            f_thumb                     Iconicity(M)_1 -0.13
## 125                       Iconicity(Z)                            f_thumb -0.13
## 126                            f_thumb                       Iconicity(Z) -0.13
## 127                       Iconicity(M)                  SignFreqZ(native) -0.14
## 128                     Iconicity(M)_1                  SignFreqZ(native) -0.14
## 129                  SignFreqZ(native)                       Iconicity(M) -0.14
## 130                  SignFreqZ(native)                     Iconicity(M)_1 -0.14
## 131                       Iconicity(Z)                  SignFreqZ(native) -0.14
## 132                  SignFreqZ(native)                       Iconicity(Z) -0.14
## 133                     ClipLength(ms)                      Iconicity(SD) -0.14
## 134                      Iconicity(SD)                     ClipLength(ms) -0.14
## 135                      SignOnset(ms)                      Iconicity(SD) -0.14
## 136                      Iconicity(SD)                      SignOnset(ms) -0.14
## 137                       Iconicity(Z)            SignFrequency(M-Native) -0.14
## 138            SignFrequency(M-Native)                       Iconicity(Z) -0.14
## 139                           Compound                       Iconicity(Z) -0.15
## 140                       Iconicity(Z)                           Compound -0.15
## 141                   SignFrequency(Z)                       Iconicity(Z) -0.15
## 142                       Iconicity(Z)                   SignFrequency(Z) -0.15
## 143                   SignFrequency(Z)                       Iconicity(M) -0.15
## 144                       Iconicity(M)                   SignFrequency(Z) -0.15
## 145                     Iconicity(M)_1                   SignFrequency(Z) -0.15
## 146                   SignFrequency(Z)                     Iconicity(M)_1 -0.15
## 147                       Iconicity(Z)                   SignFrequency(M) -0.15
## 148                   SignFrequency(M)                       Iconicity(Z) -0.15
## 149                       Iconicity(M)            SignFrequency(M-Native) -0.16
## 150                     Iconicity(M)_1            SignFrequency(M-Native) -0.16
## 151            SignFrequency(M-Native)                       Iconicity(M) -0.16
## 152            SignFrequency(M-Native)                     Iconicity(M)_1 -0.16
## 153                       Iconicity(M)                   SignFrequency(M) -0.17
## 154                     Iconicity(M)_1                   SignFrequency(M) -0.17
## 155                   SignFrequency(M)                       Iconicity(M) -0.17
## 156                   SignFrequency(M)                     Iconicity(M)_1 -0.17
## 157                       Iconicity(Z)                             f_chin -0.18
## 158                             f_chin                       Iconicity(Z) -0.18
## 159                       Iconicity(M)                             f_chin -0.18
## 160                     Iconicity(M)_1                             f_chin -0.18
## 161                             f_chin                       Iconicity(M) -0.18
## 162                             f_chin                     Iconicity(M)_1 -0.18
## 163                        Initialized                       Iconicity(Z) -0.31
## 164                       Iconicity(Z)                        Initialized -0.31
## 165                       Iconicity(M)                        Initialized -0.31
## 166                     Iconicity(M)_1                        Initialized -0.31
## 167                        Initialized                       Iconicity(M) -0.31
## 168                        Initialized                     Iconicity(M)_1 -0.31
## 169                               List                       Iconicity(N) -0.35
## 170                       Iconicity(N)                               List -0.35

Itemwise pariwise distances

Each item in feature space can be arranged in a pairwise fashion conditioned on how close/far they are from each other using Euclidean distance. This might give you a sense of how the features are expressing relationships between items in terms of similarity/dissimilarity.

Here are the top 25 distances (least similar pairs).

##         word1    word2 distance
## 1  accomplish 1_dollar 3.464102
## 2         act 1_dollar 3.464102
## 3       actor 1_dollar 3.464102
## 4     address 1_dollar 3.464102
## 5   agreement 1_dollar 3.464102
## 6       alone 1_dollar 3.464102
## 7    announce 1_dollar 3.464102
## 8       apple 1_dollar 3.464102
## 9         ask 1_dollar 3.464102
## 10      bacon 1_dollar 3.464102
## 11    believe 1_dollar 3.464102
## 12       belt 1_dollar 3.464102
## 13       bird 1_dollar 3.464102
## 14   birthday 1_dollar 3.464102
## 15      black 1_dollar 3.464102
## 16      blind 1_dollar 3.464102
## 17      bored 1_dollar 3.464102
## 18     borrow 1_dollar 3.464102
## 19    brother 1_dollar 3.464102
## 20        bug 1_dollar 3.464102
## 21        but 1_dollar 3.464102
## 22       call 1_dollar 3.464102
## 23    candy_1 1_dollar 3.464102
## 24    candy_2 1_dollar 3.464102
## 25     castle 1_dollar 3.464102

Likewise, the bottom 25 distances (most similar pairs).

##             word1      word2 distance
## 986025  embarrass      worry        0
## 986026    trouble      worry        0
## 986027      worry      worry        0
## 986028 wristwatch wristwatch        0
## 986029      write      write        0
## 986030     israel    wrong_1        0
## 986031       pipe    wrong_1        0
## 986032    wrong_1    wrong_1        0
## 986033    wrong_2    wrong_2        0
## 986034  insurance       yeah        0
## 986035     same_1       yeah        0
## 986036       yeah       yeah        0
## 986037       year       year        0
## 986038     yellow     yellow        0
## 986039  yesterday  yesterday        0
## 986040       leaf        you        0
## 986041     shrimp        you        0
## 986042      there        you        0
## 986043        you        you        0
## 986044      young      young        0
## 986045       zero       zero        0
## 986046     zipper     zipper        0
## 986047    tornado    zoom_in        0
## 986048    zoom_in    zoom_in        0
## 986049   zoom_off   zoom_off        0

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