Preventing Alcohol-exposed Pregnancy


A Randomized-Controlled trial

Am J of Prev Med. 2007 Apr;32(4):360

pubmed link

Epidemiology

Pregnant

  • 7.6 % of pregnant women – alcohol

  • 1.4 % - binge

  • small decrease from 2006 (12.2% and 1.8%)

Non-pregnant

  • 52 % alcohol

  • 15% binge







MMWR. Alcohol Use and Binge Drinking Among Women of Childbearing Age, United States,2006-2010(CDC)



Among pregnant, highest prevalence:

  • 35-44 years,
  • college graduate, employed, white



Employed and unmarried pregnant women

  • 2-3 x more likely binge drinking than the unemployed and married.







    MMWR. Alcohol Use and Binge Drinking Among Women of

    Childbearing Age — United States, 2006-2010(CDC)

National Birth Defects Prevention Study(4088 women) who delivered live born infants without birth defects between 1997 and 2002

  • 30.3 percent consumed alcohol at some time during pregnancy,
  • of whom 8.3 % binge drinking (at least four drinks on one occasion)








    Alcohol consumption by women before and during pregnancy.Ethen MK et al, National

    Birth Defects Prevention. Matern Child Health J.2009;13(2):274.

Epidemiology

Many of these women at risk for an alcohol- exposed pregnancy

  • if sexually active and not using contraceptives.

  • Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) survey

    (CDC 2004) - 50 % alcohol in the three months prior pregnancy



    D’Angelo et al MMWR Surveill Summ.2007;56(10):1 Preconception and interconception

    Health status of women who recently gave birth to a live-born infant–PRAMS

Alcohol consumption – negative effects on fetus throughout

pregnancy

  • stillbirths

  • Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders -physical, mental, behavioral, and

    cognitive effects associated with in utero alcohol exposure



    Moderate alcohol intake during pregnancy and the risk of stillbirth and death

    in the first year of life. Kesmodel U et al. Am J Epidemiol 2002;155(4):305.