There are different types of plots in statistics here are the few plots:

• Histogram
• Scatter Plot
• Box Plot
• 3D scatter Plot
• 3D Surface Plot

A histogram is a plot that lets you discover, and show,the underlying frequency distribution (shape) of a set of continuous data.

The Scatterplot is the normal representation of dataset which shows how the data really looks

Boxplots gives us the 5 number summary .More on this later

Scatter 3D plot is used to show the variability of one variable with two other variability

Some times surface plot help us to visualize Multivariate Regression

Graph of z=x+4y

• "John Tukey" introduced Boxplot in 1969 .
• According to him "Boxplot s use robust summary statistics that are always located at the actual data points are quickly computable and have no tuning parameters.
• Boxplot is the graphically representation of statistics which gives us five number summary which are:
• Minimum
• First Quartile
• Median (Second Quartile)
• Third Quartile
• Maximum

• Maximum :- This is not exactly the maximum quantity in the data set but it is the most relevent data that is should be maximum .
• Statistians have made a rule to get the maximum quantity.
• Median :- It is the middle of the data points .
• It is also called as 2nd quartile.
• 1st Quartile:- It is the 25th percentile of data set.
• It is the middle of the part of the data which is on left of Median.
• 3rd Quartile:- It is the 75th percentile of the data and also the middle of the part of the data right to median.
• Minumum :- It is the most relevent minimum of the data.

Look on the board !!

• Box plot is closely related to the Normal Distribution because they basically convey the same massage about the dataset

• From the figure we can see that the "Minimum" is generally taken as the (Q1-1.5IQR) and similarly the "Maximum" is the (Q3+1.5IQR) .
• The equation of normal distribution is given by

• And for Standard Normal curve with mean =0 and standard deviation =1 is

• To see for IQR integrate to get 50 % of the area

• To get the area without outliers integrate for 99.3% of the area

• Boxplot also tell us about the how a unimodel density function looks like
• There are three types of unimodel distribution which are:
• Symmetric
• Left Skewed
• Right Skewed

• In this Distribution where the right and left hand sides are roughly equally balanced around the mean .
• The mean of the data set is approximately equal to the median

• Boxplot for the symmetric distribution is

• Another property of this distribution is that its median(second Quartile lies in the middle of 1st and 3rd Quantile

• The skewed right which is also known as positively skewed which is shown in the figure below

• Now the distribution is not symmetric around the mean anymore. For a right skewed
• The mean is greater than the median the boxplot of this distribution will look like

• Simlarly for left one

• 1.Statistics for Dummies
• 2.Khan Acadamy
• 3.Towards Data Science
• 4.Chrito.com