library(readr)
crimedata <- read_csv("~/Desktop/crimedata.csv")
## Parsed with column specification:
## cols(
## .default = col_double(),
## communityname = col_character(),
## state = col_character(),
## countyCode = col_character(),
## communityCode = col_character(),
## fold = col_integer(),
## population = col_integer(),
## numbUrban = col_integer(),
## medIncome = col_integer(),
## medFamInc = col_integer(),
## perCapInc = col_integer(),
## whitePerCap = col_integer(),
## blackPerCap = col_integer(),
## indianPerCap = col_integer(),
## AsianPerCap = col_integer(),
## OtherPerCap = col_integer(),
## HispPerCap = col_integer(),
## NumUnderPov = col_integer(),
## NumKidsBornNeverMar = col_integer(),
## NumImmig = col_integer(),
## MedNumBR = col_integer()
## # ... with 51 more columns
## )
## See spec(...) for full column specifications.
## Warning in rbind(names(probs), probs_f): number of columns of result is not
## a multiple of vector length (arg 1)
## Warning: 7 parsing failures.
## row # A tibble: 5 x 5 col row col expected actual file expected <int> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> actual 1 1427 autoTheft an integer ? '~/Desktop/crimedata.csv' file 2 1427 autoTheftPerPop a double ? '~/Desktop/crimedata.csv' row 3 1610 autoTheft an integer ? '~/Desktop/crimedata.csv' col 4 1610 autoTheftPerPop a double ? '~/Desktop/crimedata.csv' expected 5 1783 autoTheft an integer ? '~/Desktop/crimedata.csv'
## ... ................. ... ................................................................... ........ ................................................................... ...... ................................................................... .... ................................................................... ... ................................................................... ... ................................................................... ........ ...................................................................
## See problems(...) for more details.
View(crimedata)
glimpse(crimedata)
## Observations: 2,215
## Variables: 147
## $ communityname <chr> "BerkeleyHeightstownship", "Marpletownsh...
## $ state <chr> "NJ", "PA", "OR", "NY", "MN", "MO", "MA"...
## $ countyCode <chr> "39", "45", "?", "35", "7", "?", "21", "...
## $ communityCode <chr> "5320", "47616", "?", "29443", "5068", "...
## $ fold <int> 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1...
## $ population <int> 11980, 23123, 29344, 16656, 11245, 14049...
## $ householdsize <dbl> 3.10, 2.82, 2.43, 2.40, 2.76, 2.45, 2.60...
## $ racepctblack <dbl> 1.37, 0.80, 0.74, 1.70, 0.53, 2.51, 1.60...
## $ racePctWhite <dbl> 91.78, 95.57, 94.33, 97.35, 89.16, 95.65...
## $ racePctAsian <dbl> 6.50, 3.44, 3.43, 0.50, 1.17, 0.90, 1.47...
## $ racePctHisp <dbl> 1.88, 0.85, 2.35, 0.70, 0.52, 0.95, 1.10...
## $ agePct12t21 <dbl> 12.47, 11.01, 11.36, 12.55, 24.46, 18.09...
## $ agePct12t29 <dbl> 21.44, 21.30, 25.88, 25.20, 40.53, 32.89...
## $ agePct16t24 <dbl> 10.93, 10.48, 11.01, 12.19, 28.69, 20.04...
## $ agePct65up <dbl> 11.33, 17.18, 10.28, 17.57, 12.65, 13.26...
## $ numbUrban <int> 11980, 23123, 29344, 0, 0, 140494, 28700...
## $ pctUrban <dbl> 100.00, 100.00, 100.00, 0.00, 0.00, 100....
## $ medIncome <int> 75122, 47917, 35669, 20580, 17390, 21577...
## $ pctWWage <dbl> 89.24, 78.99, 82.00, 68.15, 69.33, 75.78...
## $ pctWFarmSelf <dbl> 1.55, 1.11, 1.15, 0.24, 0.55, 1.00, 0.39...
## $ pctWInvInc <dbl> 70.20, 64.11, 55.73, 38.95, 42.82, 41.15...
## $ pctWSocSec <dbl> 23.62, 35.50, 22.25, 39.48, 32.16, 29.31...
## $ pctWPubAsst <dbl> 1.03, 2.75, 2.94, 11.71, 11.21, 7.12, 5....
## $ pctWRetire <dbl> 18.39, 22.85, 14.56, 18.33, 14.43, 14.09...
## $ medFamInc <int> 79584, 55323, 42112, 26501, 24018, 27705...
## $ perCapInc <int> 29711, 20148, 16946, 10810, 8483, 11878,...
## $ whitePerCap <int> 30233, 20191, 17103, 10909, 9009, 12029,...
## $ blackPerCap <int> 13600, 18137, 16644, 9984, 887, 7382, 17...
## $ indianPerCap <int> 5725, 0, 21606, 4941, 4425, 10264, 21482...
## $ AsianPerCap <int> 27101, 20074, 15528, 3541, 3352, 10753, ...
## $ OtherPerCap <int> 5115, 5250, 5954, 2451, 3000, 7192, 2185...
## $ HispPerCap <int> 22838, 12222, 8405, 4391, 1328, 8104, 22...
## $ NumUnderPov <int> 227, 885, 1389, 2831, 2855, 23223, 1126,...
## $ PctPopUnderPov <dbl> 1.96, 3.98, 4.75, 17.23, 29.99, 17.78, 4...
## $ PctLess9thGrade <dbl> 5.81, 5.61, 2.80, 11.05, 12.15, 8.76, 4....
## $ PctNotHSGrad <dbl> 9.90, 13.72, 9.09, 33.68, 23.06, 23.03, ...
## $ PctBSorMore <dbl> 48.18, 29.89, 30.13, 10.81, 25.28, 20.66...
## $ PctUnemployed <dbl> 2.70, 2.43, 4.01, 9.86, 9.08, 5.72, 4.85...
## $ PctEmploy <dbl> 64.55, 61.96, 69.80, 54.74, 52.44, 59.02...
## $ PctEmplManu <dbl> 14.65, 12.26, 15.95, 31.22, 6.89, 14.31,...
## $ PctEmplProfServ <dbl> 28.82, 29.28, 21.52, 27.43, 36.54, 26.83...
## $ PctOccupManu <dbl> 5.49, 6.39, 8.79, 26.76, 10.94, 14.72, 8...
## $ PctOccupMgmtProf <dbl> 50.73, 37.64, 32.48, 22.71, 27.80, 23.42...
## $ MalePctDivorce <dbl> 3.67, 4.23, 10.10, 10.98, 7.51, 11.40, 5...
## $ MalePctNevMarr <dbl> 26.38, 27.99, 25.78, 28.15, 50.66, 33.32...
## $ FemalePctDiv <dbl> 5.22, 6.45, 14.76, 14.47, 11.64, 14.46, ...
## $ TotalPctDiv <dbl> 4.47, 5.42, 12.55, 12.91, 9.73, 13.04, 7...
## $ PersPerFam <dbl> 3.22, 3.11, 2.95, 2.98, 2.98, 2.89, 3.14...
## $ PctFam2Par <dbl> 91.43, 86.91, 78.54, 64.02, 58.59, 71.94...
## $ PctKids2Par <dbl> 90.17, 85.33, 78.85, 62.36, 55.20, 69.79...
## $ PctYoungKids2Par <dbl> 95.78, 96.82, 92.37, 65.38, 66.51, 79.76...
## $ PctTeen2Par <dbl> 95.81, 86.46, 75.72, 67.43, 79.17, 75.33...
## $ PctWorkMomYoungKids <dbl> 44.56, 51.14, 66.08, 59.59, 61.22, 62.96...
## $ PctWorkMom <dbl> 58.88, 62.43, 74.19, 70.27, 68.94, 70.52...
## $ NumKidsBornNeverMar <int> 31, 43, 164, 561, 402, 1511, 263, 2368, ...
## $ PctKidsBornNeverMar <dbl> 0.36, 0.24, 0.88, 3.84, 4.70, 1.58, 1.18...
## $ NumImmig <int> 1277, 1920, 1468, 339, 196, 2091, 2637, ...
## $ PctImmigRecent <dbl> 8.69, 5.21, 16.42, 13.86, 46.94, 21.33, ...
## $ PctImmigRec5 <dbl> 13.00, 8.65, 23.98, 13.86, 56.12, 30.56,...
## $ PctImmigRec8 <dbl> 20.99, 13.33, 32.08, 15.34, 67.86, 38.02...
## $ PctImmigRec10 <dbl> 30.93, 22.50, 35.63, 15.34, 69.90, 45.48...
## $ PctRecentImmig <dbl> 0.93, 0.43, 0.82, 0.28, 0.82, 0.32, 1.05...
## $ PctRecImmig5 <dbl> 1.39, 0.72, 1.20, 0.28, 0.98, 0.45, 1.49...
## $ PctRecImmig8 <dbl> 2.24, 1.11, 1.61, 0.31, 1.18, 0.57, 2.20...
## $ PctRecImmig10 <dbl> 3.30, 1.87, 1.78, 0.31, 1.22, 0.68, 2.55...
## $ PctSpeakEnglOnly <dbl> 85.68, 87.79, 93.11, 94.98, 94.64, 96.87...
## $ PctNotSpeakEnglWell <dbl> 1.37, 1.81, 1.14, 0.56, 0.39, 0.60, 0.60...
## $ PctLargHouseFam <dbl> 4.81, 4.25, 2.97, 3.93, 5.23, 3.08, 5.08...
## $ PctLargHouseOccup <dbl> 4.17, 3.34, 2.05, 2.56, 3.11, 1.92, 3.46...
## $ PersPerOccupHous <dbl> 2.99, 2.70, 2.42, 2.37, 2.35, 2.28, 2.55...
## $ PersPerOwnOccHous <dbl> 3.00, 2.83, 2.69, 2.51, 2.55, 2.37, 2.89...
## $ PersPerRentOccHous <dbl> 2.84, 1.96, 2.06, 2.20, 2.12, 2.16, 2.09...
## $ PctPersOwnOccup <dbl> 91.46, 89.03, 64.18, 58.18, 58.13, 57.81...
## $ PctPersDenseHous <dbl> 0.39, 1.01, 2.03, 1.21, 2.94, 2.11, 1.47...
## $ PctHousLess3BR <dbl> 11.06, 23.60, 47.46, 45.66, 55.64, 53.19...
## $ MedNumBR <int> 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3...
## $ HousVacant <int> 64, 240, 544, 669, 333, 5119, 566, 2051,...
## $ PctHousOccup <dbl> 98.37, 97.15, 95.68, 91.19, 92.45, 91.81...
## $ PctHousOwnOcc <dbl> 91.01, 84.88, 57.79, 54.89, 53.57, 55.50...
## $ PctVacantBoarded <dbl> 3.12, 0.00, 0.92, 2.54, 3.90, 2.09, 1.41...
## $ PctVacMore6Mos <dbl> 37.50, 18.33, 7.54, 57.85, 42.64, 26.22,...
## $ MedYrHousBuilt <int> 1959, 1958, 1976, 1939, 1958, 1966, 1956...
## $ PctHousNoPhone <dbl> 0.00, 0.31, 1.55, 7.00, 7.45, 6.13, 0.69...
## $ PctWOFullPlumb <dbl> 0.28, 0.14, 0.12, 0.87, 0.82, 0.31, 0.28...
## $ OwnOccLowQuart <int> 215900, 136300, 74700, 36400, 30600, 377...
## $ OwnOccMedVal <int> 262600, 164200, 90400, 49600, 43200, 539...
## $ OwnOccHiQuart <int> 326900, 199900, 112000, 66500, 59500, 73...
## $ OwnOccQrange <int> 111000, 63600, 37300, 30100, 28900, 3540...
## $ RentLowQ <int> 685, 467, 370, 195, 202, 215, 463, 186, ...
## $ RentMedian <int> 1001, 560, 428, 250, 283, 280, 669, 253,...
## $ RentHighQ <int> 1001, 672, 520, 309, 362, 349, 824, 325,...
## $ RentQrange <int> 316, 205, 150, 114, 160, 134, 361, 139, ...
## $ MedRent <int> 1001, 627, 484, 333, 332, 340, 736, 338,...
## $ MedRentPctHousInc <dbl> 23.8, 27.6, 24.1, 28.7, 32.2, 26.4, 24.4...
## $ MedOwnCostPctInc <dbl> 21.1, 20.7, 21.7, 20.6, 23.2, 17.3, 20.8...
## $ MedOwnCostPctIncNoMtg <dbl> 14.0, 12.5, 11.6, 14.5, 12.9, 11.7, 12.5...
## $ NumInShelters <int> 11, 0, 16, 0, 2, 327, 0, 21, 125, 43, 1,...
## $ NumStreet <int> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 15, 4, 0, 49, 2,...
## $ PctForeignBorn <dbl> 10.66, 8.30, 5.00, 2.04, 1.74, 1.49, 9.1...
## $ PctBornSameState <dbl> 53.72, 77.17, 44.77, 88.71, 73.75, 64.35...
## $ PctSameHouse85 <dbl> 65.29, 71.27, 36.60, 56.70, 42.22, 42.29...
## $ PctSameCity85 <dbl> 78.09, 90.22, 61.26, 90.17, 60.34, 70.61...
## $ PctSameState85 <dbl> 89.14, 96.12, 82.85, 96.24, 89.02, 85.66...
## $ LemasSwornFT <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasSwFTPerPop <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasSwFTFieldOps <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasSwFTFieldPerPop <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasTotalReq <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasTotReqPerPop <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PolicReqPerOffic <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PolicPerPop <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ RacialMatchCommPol <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PctPolicWhite <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PctPolicBlack <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PctPolicHisp <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PctPolicAsian <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PctPolicMinor <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ OfficAssgnDrugUnits <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ NumKindsDrugsSeiz <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PolicAveOTWorked <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LandArea <dbl> 6.5, 10.6, 10.6, 5.2, 11.5, 70.4, 10.9, ...
## $ PopDens <dbl> 1845.9, 2186.7, 2780.9, 3217.7, 974.2, 1...
## $ PctUsePubTrans <dbl> 9.63, 3.84, 4.37, 3.31, 0.38, 0.97, 9.62...
## $ PolicCars <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PolicOperBudg <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasPctPolicOnPatr <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasGangUnitDeploy <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasPctOfficDrugUn <dbl> 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00...
## $ PolicBudgPerPop <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ murders <int> 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 7, 0, 8, 0, 29, 1, 12, 3,...
## $ murdPerPop <dbl> 0.00, 0.00, 8.30, 0.00, 0.00, 4.63, 0.00...
## $ rapes <chr> "0", "1", "6", "10", "?", "77", "4", "34...
## $ rapesPerPop <chr> "0", "4.25", "16.6", "57.86", "?", "50.9...
## $ robberies <chr> "1", "5", "56", "10", "4", "136", "9", "...
## $ robbbPerPop <chr> "8.2", "21.26", "154.95", "57.86", "32.0...
## $ assaults <chr> "4", "24", "14", "33", "14", "449", "54"...
## $ assaultPerPop <chr> "32.81", "102.05", "38.74", "190.93", "1...
## $ burglaries <chr> "14", "57", "274", "225", "91", "2094", ...
## $ burglPerPop <chr> "114.85", "242.37", "758.14", "1301.78",...
## $ larcenies <chr> "138", "376", "1797", "716", "1060", "76...
## $ larcPerPop <chr> "1132.08", "1598.78", "4972.19", "4142.5...
## $ autoTheft <int> 16, 26, 136, 47, 91, 454, 144, 125, 206,...
## $ autoTheftPerPop <dbl> 131.26, 110.55, 376.30, 271.93, 728.93, ...
## $ arsons <chr> "2", "1", "22", "?", "5", "134", "17", "...
## $ arsonsPerPop <chr> "16.41", "4.25", "60.87", "?", "40.05", ...
## $ ViolentCrimesPerPop <chr> "41.02", "127.56", "218.59", "306.64", "...
## $ nonViolPerPop <chr> "1394.59", "1955.95", "6167.51", "?", "9...
str(crimedata)
## Classes 'tbl_df', 'tbl' and 'data.frame': 2215 obs. of 147 variables:
## $ communityname : chr "BerkeleyHeightstownship" "Marpletownship" "Tigardcity" "Gloversvillecity" ...
## $ state : chr "NJ" "PA" "OR" "NY" ...
## $ countyCode : chr "39" "45" "?" "35" ...
## $ communityCode : chr "5320" "47616" "?" "29443" ...
## $ fold : int 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ population : int 11980 23123 29344 16656 11245 140494 28700 59459 74111 103590 ...
## $ householdsize : num 3.1 2.82 2.43 2.4 2.76 2.45 2.6 2.45 2.46 2.62 ...
## $ racepctblack : num 1.37 0.8 0.74 1.7 0.53 ...
## $ racePctWhite : num 91.8 95.6 94.3 97.3 89.2 ...
## $ racePctAsian : num 6.5 3.44 3.43 0.5 1.17 0.9 1.47 0.4 1.25 0.92 ...
## $ racePctHisp : num 1.88 0.85 2.35 0.7 0.52 ...
## $ agePct12t21 : num 12.5 11 11.4 12.6 24.5 ...
## $ agePct12t29 : num 21.4 21.3 25.9 25.2 40.5 ...
## $ agePct16t24 : num 10.9 10.5 11 12.2 28.7 ...
## $ agePct65up : num 11.3 17.2 10.3 17.6 12.7 ...
## $ numbUrban : int 11980 23123 29344 0 0 140494 28700 59449 74115 103590 ...
## $ pctUrban : num 100 100 100 0 0 100 100 100 100 100 ...
## $ medIncome : int 75122 47917 35669 20580 17390 21577 42805 23221 25326 17852 ...
## $ pctWWage : num 89.2 79 82 68.2 69.3 ...
## $ pctWFarmSelf : num 1.55 1.11 1.15 0.24 0.55 1 0.39 0.67 2.93 0.86 ...
## $ pctWInvInc : num 70.2 64.1 55.7 39 42.8 ...
## $ pctWSocSec : num 23.6 35.5 22.2 39.5 32.2 ...
## $ pctWPubAsst : num 1.03 2.75 2.94 11.71 11.21 ...
## $ pctWRetire : num 18.4 22.9 14.6 18.3 14.4 ...
## $ medFamInc : int 79584 55323 42112 26501 24018 27705 50394 28901 34269 24058 ...
## $ perCapInc : int 29711 20148 16946 10810 8483 11878 18193 12161 13554 10195 ...
## $ whitePerCap : int 30233 20191 17103 10909 9009 12029 18276 12599 13727 12126 ...
## $ blackPerCap : int 13600 18137 16644 9984 887 7382 17342 9820 8852 5715 ...
## $ indianPerCap : int 5725 0 21606 4941 4425 10264 21482 6634 5344 11313 ...
## $ AsianPerCap : int 27101 20074 15528 3541 3352 10753 12639 8802 8011 5770 ...
## $ OtherPerCap : int 5115 5250 5954 2451 3000 7192 21852 7428 5332 7320 ...
## $ HispPerCap : int 22838 12222 8405 4391 1328 8104 22594 6187 5174 6984 ...
## $ NumUnderPov : int 227 885 1389 2831 2855 23223 1126 10320 9603 27767 ...
## $ PctPopUnderPov : num 1.96 3.98 4.75 17.23 29.99 ...
## $ PctLess9thGrade : num 5.81 5.61 2.8 11.05 12.15 ...
## $ PctNotHSGrad : num 9.9 13.72 9.09 33.68 23.06 ...
## $ PctBSorMore : num 48.2 29.9 30.1 10.8 25.3 ...
## $ PctUnemployed : num 2.7 2.43 4.01 9.86 9.08 5.72 4.85 8.19 4.18 8.39 ...
## $ PctEmploy : num 64.5 62 69.8 54.7 52.4 ...
## $ PctEmplManu : num 14.65 12.26 15.95 31.22 6.89 ...
## $ PctEmplProfServ : num 28.8 29.3 21.5 27.4 36.5 ...
## $ PctOccupManu : num 5.49 6.39 8.79 26.76 10.94 ...
## $ PctOccupMgmtProf : num 50.7 37.6 32.5 22.7 27.8 ...
## $ MalePctDivorce : num 3.67 4.23 10.1 10.98 7.51 ...
## $ MalePctNevMarr : num 26.4 28 25.8 28.1 50.7 ...
## $ FemalePctDiv : num 5.22 6.45 14.76 14.47 11.64 ...
## $ TotalPctDiv : num 4.47 5.42 12.55 12.91 9.73 ...
## $ PersPerFam : num 3.22 3.11 2.95 2.98 2.98 2.89 3.14 2.95 3 3.11 ...
## $ PctFam2Par : num 91.4 86.9 78.5 64 58.6 ...
## $ PctKids2Par : num 90.2 85.3 78.8 62.4 55.2 ...
## $ PctYoungKids2Par : num 95.8 96.8 92.4 65.4 66.5 ...
## $ PctTeen2Par : num 95.8 86.5 75.7 67.4 79.2 ...
## $ PctWorkMomYoungKids : num 44.6 51.1 66.1 59.6 61.2 ...
## $ PctWorkMom : num 58.9 62.4 74.2 70.3 68.9 ...
## $ NumKidsBornNeverMar : int 31 43 164 561 402 1511 263 2368 751 3537 ...
## $ PctKidsBornNeverMar : num 0.36 0.24 0.88 3.84 4.7 1.58 1.18 4.66 1.64 4.71 ...
## $ NumImmig : int 1277 1920 1468 339 196 2091 2637 517 1474 4793 ...
## $ PctImmigRecent : num 8.69 5.21 16.42 13.86 46.94 ...
## $ PctImmigRec5 : num 13 8.65 23.98 13.86 56.12 ...
## $ PctImmigRec8 : num 21 13.3 32.1 15.3 67.9 ...
## $ PctImmigRec10 : num 30.9 22.5 35.6 15.3 69.9 ...
## $ PctRecentImmig : num 0.93 0.43 0.82 0.28 0.82 0.32 1.05 0.11 0.47 0.72 ...
## $ PctRecImmig5 : num 1.39 0.72 1.2 0.28 0.98 0.45 1.49 0.2 0.67 1.07 ...
## $ PctRecImmig8 : num 2.24 1.11 1.61 0.31 1.18 0.57 2.2 0.25 0.93 1.63 ...
## $ PctRecImmig10 : num 3.3 1.87 1.78 0.31 1.22 0.68 2.55 0.29 1.07 2.31 ...
## $ PctSpeakEnglOnly : num 85.7 87.8 93.1 95 94.6 ...
## $ PctNotSpeakEnglWell : num 1.37 1.81 1.14 0.56 0.39 0.6 0.6 0.28 0.43 2.51 ...
## $ PctLargHouseFam : num 4.81 4.25 2.97 3.93 5.23 3.08 5.08 3.85 2.59 6.7 ...
## $ PctLargHouseOccup : num 4.17 3.34 2.05 2.56 3.11 1.92 3.46 2.55 1.54 4.1 ...
## $ PersPerOccupHous : num 2.99 2.7 2.42 2.37 2.35 2.28 2.55 2.36 2.32 2.45 ...
## $ PersPerOwnOccHous : num 3 2.83 2.69 2.51 2.55 2.37 2.89 2.42 2.77 2.47 ...
## $ PersPerRentOccHous : num 2.84 1.96 2.06 2.2 2.12 2.16 2.09 2.27 1.91 2.44 ...
## $ PctPersOwnOccup : num 91.5 89 64.2 58.2 58.1 ...
## $ PctPersDenseHous : num 0.39 1.01 2.03 1.21 2.94 2.11 1.47 1.9 1.67 6.14 ...
## $ PctHousLess3BR : num 11.1 23.6 47.5 45.7 55.6 ...
## $ MedNumBR : int 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 ...
## $ HousVacant : int 64 240 544 669 333 5119 566 2051 1562 5606 ...
## $ PctHousOccup : num 98.4 97.2 95.7 91.2 92.5 ...
## $ PctHousOwnOcc : num 91 84.9 57.8 54.9 53.6 ...
## $ PctVacantBoarded : num 3.12 0 0.92 2.54 3.9 2.09 1.41 6.39 0.45 5.64 ...
## $ PctVacMore6Mos : num 37.5 18.33 7.54 57.85 42.64 ...
## $ MedYrHousBuilt : int 1959 1958 1976 1939 1958 1966 1956 1954 1971 1960 ...
## $ PctHousNoPhone : num 0 0.31 1.55 7 7.45 ...
## $ PctWOFullPlumb : num 0.28 0.14 0.12 0.87 0.82 0.31 0.28 0.49 0.19 0.33 ...
## $ OwnOccLowQuart : int 215900 136300 74700 36400 30600 37700 155100 26300 54500 28600 ...
## $ OwnOccMedVal : int 262600 164200 90400 49600 43200 53900 179000 37000 70300 43100 ...
## $ OwnOccHiQuart : int 326900 199900 112000 66500 59500 73100 215500 52400 93700 67400 ...
## $ OwnOccQrange : int 111000 63600 37300 30100 28900 35400 60400 26100 39200 38800 ...
## $ RentLowQ : int 685 467 370 195 202 215 463 186 241 192 ...
## $ RentMedian : int 1001 560 428 250 283 280 669 253 321 281 ...
## $ RentHighQ : int 1001 672 520 309 362 349 824 325 387 369 ...
## $ RentQrange : int 316 205 150 114 160 134 361 139 146 177 ...
## $ MedRent : int 1001 627 484 333 332 340 736 338 355 353 ...
## $ MedRentPctHousInc : num 23.8 27.6 24.1 28.7 32.2 26.4 24.4 26.3 25.2 29.6 ...
## $ MedOwnCostPctInc : num 21.1 20.7 21.7 20.6 23.2 17.3 20.8 15.1 20.7 19.4 ...
## $ MedOwnCostPctIncNoMtg: num 14 12.5 11.6 14.5 12.9 11.7 12.5 12.2 12.8 13 ...
## $ NumInShelters : int 11 0 16 0 2 327 0 21 125 43 ...
## $ NumStreet : int 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 15 4 ...
## $ PctForeignBorn : num 10.66 8.3 5 2.04 1.74 ...
## [list output truncated]
## - attr(*, "problems")=Classes 'tbl_df', 'tbl' and 'data.frame': 7 obs. of 5 variables:
## ..$ row : int 1427 1427 1610 1610 1783 1783 2006
## ..$ col : chr "autoTheft" "autoTheftPerPop" "autoTheft" "autoTheftPerPop" ...
## ..$ expected: chr "an integer" "a double" "an integer" "a double" ...
## ..$ actual : chr "?" "?" "?" "?" ...
## ..$ file : chr "'~/Desktop/crimedata.csv'" "'~/Desktop/crimedata.csv'" "'~/Desktop/crimedata.csv'" "'~/Desktop/crimedata.csv'" ...
## - attr(*, "spec")=List of 2
## ..$ cols :List of 147
## .. ..$ communityname : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_character" "collector"
## .. ..$ state : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_character" "collector"
## .. ..$ countyCode : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_character" "collector"
## .. ..$ communityCode : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_character" "collector"
## .. ..$ fold : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ population : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ householdsize : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ racepctblack : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ racePctWhite : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ racePctAsian : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ racePctHisp : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ agePct12t21 : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ agePct12t29 : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ agePct16t24 : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ agePct65up : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ numbUrban : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ pctUrban : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ medIncome : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ pctWWage : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ pctWFarmSelf : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ pctWInvInc : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ pctWSocSec : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ pctWPubAsst : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ pctWRetire : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ medFamInc : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ perCapInc : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ whitePerCap : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ blackPerCap : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ indianPerCap : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ AsianPerCap : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ OtherPerCap : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ HispPerCap : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ NumUnderPov : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctPopUnderPov : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctLess9thGrade : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctNotHSGrad : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctBSorMore : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctUnemployed : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctEmploy : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctEmplManu : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctEmplProfServ : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctOccupManu : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctOccupMgmtProf : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ MalePctDivorce : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ MalePctNevMarr : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ FemalePctDiv : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ TotalPctDiv : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PersPerFam : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctFam2Par : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctKids2Par : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctYoungKids2Par : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctTeen2Par : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctWorkMomYoungKids : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctWorkMom : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ NumKidsBornNeverMar : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctKidsBornNeverMar : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ NumImmig : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctImmigRecent : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctImmigRec5 : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctImmigRec8 : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctImmigRec10 : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctRecentImmig : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctRecImmig5 : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctRecImmig8 : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctRecImmig10 : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctSpeakEnglOnly : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctNotSpeakEnglWell : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctLargHouseFam : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctLargHouseOccup : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PersPerOccupHous : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PersPerOwnOccHous : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PersPerRentOccHous : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctPersOwnOccup : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctPersDenseHous : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctHousLess3BR : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ MedNumBR : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ HousVacant : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctHousOccup : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctHousOwnOcc : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctVacantBoarded : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctVacMore6Mos : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ MedYrHousBuilt : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctHousNoPhone : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctWOFullPlumb : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ OwnOccLowQuart : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ OwnOccMedVal : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ OwnOccHiQuart : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ OwnOccQrange : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ RentLowQ : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ RentMedian : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ RentHighQ : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ RentQrange : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ MedRent : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ MedRentPctHousInc : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ MedOwnCostPctInc : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ MedOwnCostPctIncNoMtg: list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. ..$ NumInShelters : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ NumStreet : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_integer" "collector"
## .. ..$ PctForeignBorn : list()
## .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_double" "collector"
## .. .. [list output truncated]
## ..$ default: list()
## .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "collector_guess" "collector"
## ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "col_spec"
summary(crimedata)
## communityname state countyCode
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Length:2215
## Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
##
##
##
##
## communityCode fold population householdsize
## Length:2215 Min. : 1.000 Min. : 10005 Min. :1.600
## Class :character 1st Qu.: 3.000 1st Qu.: 14366 1st Qu.:2.500
## Mode :character Median : 5.000 Median : 22792 Median :2.660
## Mean : 5.494 Mean : 53118 Mean :2.707
## 3rd Qu.: 8.000 3rd Qu.: 43024 3rd Qu.:2.850
## Max. :10.000 Max. :7322564 Max. :5.280
##
## racepctblack racePctWhite racePctAsian racePctHisp
## Min. : 0.000 Min. : 2.68 Min. : 0.03 Min. : 0.12
## 1st Qu.: 0.860 1st Qu.:76.32 1st Qu.: 0.62 1st Qu.: 0.93
## Median : 2.870 Median :90.35 Median : 1.23 Median : 2.18
## Mean : 9.335 Mean :83.98 Mean : 2.67 Mean : 7.95
## 3rd Qu.:11.145 3rd Qu.:96.22 3rd Qu.: 2.67 3rd Qu.: 7.81
## Max. :96.670 Max. :99.63 Max. :57.46 Max. :95.29
##
## agePct12t21 agePct12t29 agePct16t24 agePct65up
## Min. : 4.58 Min. : 9.38 Min. : 4.64 Min. : 1.66
## 1st Qu.:12.25 1st Qu.:24.41 1st Qu.:11.32 1st Qu.: 8.75
## Median :13.62 Median :26.78 Median :12.54 Median :11.73
## Mean :14.45 Mean :27.64 Mean :13.98 Mean :11.84
## 3rd Qu.:15.36 3rd Qu.:29.20 3rd Qu.:14.35 3rd Qu.:14.41
## Max. :54.40 Max. :70.51 Max. :63.62 Max. :52.77
##
## numbUrban pctUrban medIncome pctWWage
## Min. : 0 Min. : 0.00 Min. : 8866 Min. :31.68
## 1st Qu.: 0 1st Qu.: 0.00 1st Qu.: 23817 1st Qu.:73.40
## Median : 18041 Median :100.00 Median : 31441 Median :78.61
## Mean : 47735 Mean : 70.47 Mean : 33985 Mean :78.31
## 3rd Qu.: 41918 3rd Qu.:100.00 3rd Qu.: 41480 3rd Qu.:84.03
## Max. :7322564 Max. :100.00 Max. :123625 Max. :96.76
##
## pctWFarmSelf pctWInvInc pctWSocSec pctWPubAsst
## Min. :0.0000 Min. : 5.81 Min. : 4.81 Min. : 0.180
## 1st Qu.:0.4600 1st Qu.:34.68 1st Qu.:20.77 1st Qu.: 3.270
## Median :0.6900 Median :42.88 Median :26.59 Median : 5.610
## Mean :0.8818 Mean :43.75 Mean :26.41 Mean : 6.801
## 3rd Qu.:1.1000 3rd Qu.:52.74 3rd Qu.:31.71 3rd Qu.: 9.105
## Max. :6.5300 Max. :89.04 Max. :76.39 Max. :44.820
##
## pctWRetire medFamInc perCapInc whitePerCap
## Min. : 3.46 Min. : 10447 Min. : 5237 Min. : 5472
## 1st Qu.:12.88 1st Qu.: 29538 1st Qu.:11602 1st Qu.:12610
## Median :15.65 Median : 36678 Median :14101 Median :15073
## Mean :15.97 Mean : 39857 Mean :15604 Mean :16568
## 3rd Qu.:18.75 3rd Qu.: 46999 3rd Qu.:17795 3rd Qu.:18610
## Max. :45.51 Max. :139008 Max. :63302 Max. :68850
##
## blackPerCap indianPerCap AsianPerCap OtherPerCap
## Min. : 0 Min. : 0 Min. : 0 Min. : 0
## 1st Qu.: 6742 1st Qu.: 6345 1st Qu.: 8286 1st Qu.: 5528
## Median : 9777 Median : 9895 Median : 12250 Median : 8186
## Mean : 11542 Mean : 12229 Mean : 14228 Mean : 9443
## 3rd Qu.: 14526 3rd Qu.: 14758 3rd Qu.: 17328 3rd Qu.: 11526
## Max. :212120 Max. :480000 Max. :106165 Max. :137000
## NA's :1
## HispPerCap NumUnderPov PctPopUnderPov PctLess9thGrade
## Min. : 0 Min. : 78.0 Min. : 0.64 Min. : 0.200
## 1st Qu.: 7274 1st Qu.: 912.5 1st Qu.: 4.51 1st Qu.: 4.640
## Median : 9721 Median : 2142.0 Median : 9.33 Median : 7.740
## Mean :11019 Mean : 7590.9 Mean :11.62 Mean : 9.187
## 3rd Qu.:13418 3rd Qu.: 4988.0 3rd Qu.:16.91 3rd Qu.:11.835
## Max. :54648 Max. :1384994.0 Max. :58.00 Max. :49.890
##
## PctNotHSGrad PctBSorMore PctUnemployed PctEmploy
## Min. : 1.46 Min. : 1.63 Min. : 1.320 Min. :24.82
## 1st Qu.:13.92 1st Qu.:14.10 1st Qu.: 4.045 1st Qu.:56.49
## Median :21.38 Median :19.65 Median : 5.450 Median :62.44
## Mean :22.31 Mean :23.06 Mean : 6.045 Mean :62.02
## 3rd Qu.:29.20 3rd Qu.:29.05 3rd Qu.: 7.440 3rd Qu.:67.83
## Max. :73.66 Max. :79.18 Max. :31.230 Max. :84.67
##
## PctEmplManu PctEmplProfServ PctOccupManu PctOccupMgmtProf
## Min. : 2.05 Min. : 8.69 Min. : 1.37 Min. : 6.48
## 1st Qu.:12.21 1st Qu.:20.07 1st Qu.: 9.13 1st Qu.:21.91
## Median :17.30 Median :23.39 Median :13.15 Median :26.24
## Mean :18.23 Mean :24.53 Mean :13.82 Mean :28.21
## 3rd Qu.:23.40 3rd Qu.:27.59 3rd Qu.:17.66 3rd Qu.:32.81
## Max. :50.03 Max. :62.67 Max. :44.27 Max. :64.97
##
## MalePctDivorce MalePctNevMarr FemalePctDiv TotalPctDiv
## Min. : 2.130 Min. :12.06 Min. : 3.35 Min. : 2.830
## 1st Qu.: 7.110 1st Qu.:25.45 1st Qu.: 9.86 1st Qu.: 8.575
## Median : 9.150 Median :29.00 Median :12.52 Median :10.900
## Mean : 9.128 Mean :30.68 Mean :12.33 Mean :10.813
## 3rd Qu.:11.050 3rd Qu.:33.41 3rd Qu.:14.74 3rd Qu.:12.985
## Max. :20.080 Max. :76.60 Max. :23.92 Max. :22.230
##
## PersPerFam PctFam2Par PctKids2Par PctYoungKids2Par
## Min. :2.29 Min. :22.97 Min. :18.30 Min. : 8.70
## 1st Qu.:2.99 1st Qu.:67.90 1st Qu.:63.99 1st Qu.: 74.78
## Median :3.10 Median :75.03 Median :72.53 Median : 83.99
## Mean :3.13 Mean :74.06 Mean :71.23 Mean : 81.87
## 3rd Qu.:3.22 3rd Qu.:81.90 3rd Qu.:80.39 3rd Qu.: 91.67
## Max. :4.64 Max. :93.60 Max. :92.58 Max. :100.00
##
## PctTeen2Par PctWorkMomYoungKids PctWorkMom NumKidsBornNeverMar
## Min. :20.20 Min. :24.42 Min. :41.95 Min. : 0
## 1st Qu.:70.17 1st Qu.:55.43 1st Qu.:64.90 1st Qu.: 147
## Median :76.92 Median :60.71 Median :69.23 Median : 352
## Mean :75.52 Mean :60.54 Mean :68.85 Mean : 2141
## 3rd Qu.:82.77 3rd Qu.:65.98 3rd Qu.:73.50 3rd Qu.: 1032
## Max. :97.34 Max. :87.97 Max. :89.37 Max. :527557
##
## PctKidsBornNeverMar NumImmig PctImmigRecent PctImmigRec5
## Min. : 0.000 Min. : 20 Min. : 0.000 Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.: 1.070 1st Qu.: 400 1st Qu.: 6.695 1st Qu.:11.26
## Median : 2.040 Median : 1024 Median :12.260 Median :19.08
## Mean : 3.115 Mean : 6277 Mean :13.526 Mean :20.42
## 3rd Qu.: 3.910 3rd Qu.: 3302 3rd Qu.:17.950 3rd Qu.:27.45
## Max. :27.350 Max. :2082931 Max. :64.290 Max. :76.16
##
## PctImmigRec8 PctImmigRec10 PctRecentImmig PctRecImmig5
## Min. : 0.00 Min. : 0.00 Min. : 0.000 Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.:17.20 1st Qu.:22.73 1st Qu.: 0.170 1st Qu.: 0.280
## Median :26.72 Median :34.79 Median : 0.500 Median : 0.750
## Mean :27.54 Mean :34.73 Mean : 1.099 Mean : 1.697
## 3rd Qu.:36.49 3rd Qu.:46.19 3rd Qu.: 1.310 3rd Qu.: 2.015
## Max. :80.81 Max. :88.00 Max. :13.710 Max. :19.930
##
## PctRecImmig8 PctRecImmig10 PctSpeakEnglOnly PctNotSpeakEnglWell
## Min. : 0.000 Min. : 0.000 Min. : 6.15 Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 0.390 1st Qu.: 0.520 1st Qu.:84.38 1st Qu.: 0.510
## Median : 1.040 Median : 1.310 Median :92.18 Median : 0.920
## Mean : 2.308 Mean : 2.944 Mean :87.07 Mean : 2.406
## 3rd Qu.: 2.700 3rd Qu.: 3.455 3rd Qu.:95.45 3rd Qu.: 2.270
## Max. :25.340 Max. :32.630 Max. :98.98 Max. :38.330
##
## PctLargHouseFam PctLargHouseOccup PersPerOccupHous PersPerOwnOccHous
## Min. : 0.960 Min. : 0.440 Min. :1.580 Min. :1.61
## 1st Qu.: 3.390 1st Qu.: 2.370 1st Qu.:2.410 1st Qu.:2.55
## Median : 4.280 Median : 3.050 Median :2.570 Median :2.71
## Mean : 5.387 Mean : 3.916 Mean :2.616 Mean :2.74
## 3rd Qu.: 5.870 3rd Qu.: 4.210 3rd Qu.:2.770 3rd Qu.:2.90
## Max. :34.870 Max. :30.870 Max. :4.520 Max. :4.48
##
## PersPerRentOccHous PctPersOwnOccup PctPersDenseHous PctHousLess3BR
## Min. :1.550 Min. :13.93 Min. : 0.050 Min. : 3.06
## 1st Qu.:2.110 1st Qu.:57.28 1st Qu.: 1.290 1st Qu.:37.51
## Median :2.290 Median :65.91 Median : 2.340 Median :46.39
## Mean :2.367 Mean :66.37 Mean : 4.132 Mean :45.41
## 3rd Qu.:2.530 3rd Qu.:76.58 3rd Qu.: 4.730 3rd Qu.:53.52
## Max. :4.730 Max. :97.24 Max. :59.490 Max. :95.34
##
## MedNumBR HousVacant PctHousOccup PctHousOwnOcc
## Min. :1.000 Min. : 36.0 Min. :37.47 Min. :16.86
## 1st Qu.:2.000 1st Qu.: 304.5 1st Qu.:91.29 1st Qu.:54.82
## Median :3.000 Median : 558.0 Median :94.21 Median :62.83
## Mean :2.641 Mean : 1748.4 Mean :92.93 Mean :63.37
## 3rd Qu.:3.000 3rd Qu.: 1228.0 3rd Qu.:96.02 3rd Qu.:72.64
## Max. :4.000 Max. :172768.0 Max. :99.00 Max. :96.49
##
## PctVacantBoarded PctVacMore6Mos MedYrHousBuilt PctHousNoPhone
## Min. : 0.000 Min. : 3.12 Min. :1939 Min. : 0.000
## 1st Qu.: 0.720 1st Qu.:24.48 1st Qu.:1956 1st Qu.: 0.905
## Median : 1.660 Median :34.10 Median :1964 Median : 2.850
## Mean : 2.779 Mean :34.77 Mean :1963 Mean : 4.290
## 3rd Qu.: 3.430 3rd Qu.:43.97 3rd Qu.:1971 3rd Qu.: 6.805
## Max. :39.890 Max. :82.13 Max. :1987 Max. :23.880
##
## PctWOFullPlumb OwnOccLowQuart OwnOccMedVal OwnOccHiQuart
## Min. :0.0000 Min. : 14999 Min. : 19500 Min. : 28200
## 1st Qu.:0.1600 1st Qu.: 41500 1st Qu.: 56200 1st Qu.: 74300
## Median :0.3200 Median : 65500 Median : 82800 Median :106700
## Mean :0.4253 Mean : 88696 Mean :113098 Mean :145318
## 3rd Qu.:0.5550 3rd Qu.:121500 3rd Qu.:150600 3rd Qu.:188000
## Max. :5.3300 Max. :500001 Max. :500001 Max. :500001
##
## OwnOccQrange RentLowQ RentMedian RentHighQ
## Min. : 0 Min. : 99.0 Min. : 120.0 Min. : 182.0
## 1st Qu.: 32200 1st Qu.: 213.5 1st Qu.: 289.5 1st Qu.: 366.0
## Median : 43400 Median : 307.0 Median : 397.0 Median : 486.0
## Mean : 56622 Mean : 330.0 Mean : 428.5 Mean : 527.3
## 3rd Qu.: 65450 3rd Qu.: 421.0 3rd Qu.: 544.0 3rd Qu.: 659.5
## Max. :331000 Max. :1001.0 Max. :1001.0 Max. :1001.0
##
## RentQrange MedRent MedRentPctHousInc MedOwnCostPctInc
## Min. : 0.0 Min. : 192.0 Min. :14.9 Min. :14.00
## 1st Qu.:139.0 1st Qu.: 364.0 1st Qu.:24.3 1st Qu.:18.70
## Median :171.0 Median : 467.0 Median :26.1 Median :21.00
## Mean :197.3 Mean : 501.5 Mean :26.3 Mean :20.99
## 3rd Qu.:232.5 3rd Qu.: 615.0 3rd Qu.:28.0 3rd Qu.:23.10
## Max. :803.0 Max. :1001.0 Max. :35.1 Max. :32.70
##
## MedOwnCostPctIncNoMtg NumInShelters NumStreet
## Min. :10.10 Min. : 0.00 Min. : 0.00
## 1st Qu.:12.00 1st Qu.: 0.00 1st Qu.: 0.00
## Median :12.80 Median : 0.00 Median : 0.00
## Mean :13.01 Mean : 66.95 Mean : 17.82
## 3rd Qu.:13.70 3rd Qu.: 22.00 3rd Qu.: 1.00
## Max. :23.40 Max. :23383.00 Max. :10447.00
##
## PctForeignBorn PctBornSameState PctSameHouse85 PctSameCity85
## Min. : 0.18 Min. : 6.75 Min. :11.83 Min. :27.95
## 1st Qu.: 2.06 1st Qu.:50.11 1st Qu.:44.99 1st Qu.:72.06
## Median : 4.31 Median :64.49 Median :52.17 Median :79.49
## Mean : 7.34 Mean :61.54 Mean :51.54 Mean :77.41
## 3rd Qu.: 9.25 3rd Qu.:74.86 3rd Qu.:58.74 3rd Qu.:85.14
## Max. :60.40 Max. :93.14 Max. :78.56 Max. :96.59
##
## PctSameState85 LemasSwornFT LemasSwFTPerPop LemasSwFTFieldOps
## Min. :32.83 Length:2215 Length:2215 Length:2215
## 1st Qu.:85.20 Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Median :90.03 Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
## Mean :88.11
## 3rd Qu.:93.01
## Max. :99.90
##
## LemasSwFTFieldPerPop LemasTotalReq LemasTotReqPerPop
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Length:2215
## Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
##
##
##
##
## PolicReqPerOffic PolicPerPop RacialMatchCommPol
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Length:2215
## Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
##
##
##
##
## PctPolicWhite PctPolicBlack PctPolicHisp
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Length:2215
## Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
##
##
##
##
## PctPolicAsian PctPolicMinor OfficAssgnDrugUnits
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Length:2215
## Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
##
##
##
##
## NumKindsDrugsSeiz PolicAveOTWorked LandArea PopDens
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Min. : 0.90 Min. : 10
## Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.: 7.30 1st Qu.: 1182
## Mode :character Mode :character Median : 13.70 Median : 2027
## Mean : 27.42 Mean : 2784
## 3rd Qu.: 26.10 3rd Qu.: 3322
## Max. :3569.80 Max. :44230
##
## PctUsePubTrans PolicCars PolicOperBudg
## Min. : 0.000 Length:2215 Length:2215
## 1st Qu.: 0.360 Class :character Class :character
## Median : 1.220 Mode :character Mode :character
## Mean : 3.041
## 3rd Qu.: 3.365
## Max. :54.330
##
## LemasPctPolicOnPatr LemasGangUnitDeploy LemasPctOfficDrugUn
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Min. : 0.0000
## Class :character Class :character 1st Qu.: 0.0000
## Mode :character Mode :character Median : 0.0000
## Mean : 0.9802
## 3rd Qu.: 0.0000
## Max. :48.4400
##
## PolicBudgPerPop murders murdPerPop rapes
## Length:2215 Min. : 0.000 Min. : 0.000 Length:2215
## Class :character 1st Qu.: 0.000 1st Qu.: 0.000 Class :character
## Mode :character Median : 1.000 Median : 2.170 Mode :character
## Mean : 7.765 Mean : 5.859
## 3rd Qu.: 3.000 3rd Qu.: 8.365
## Max. :1946.000 Max. :91.090
##
## rapesPerPop robberies robbbPerPop
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Length:2215
## Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
##
##
##
##
## assaults assaultPerPop burglaries
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Length:2215
## Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
##
##
##
##
## burglPerPop larcenies larcPerPop
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Length:2215
## Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
##
##
##
##
## autoTheft autoTheftPerPop arsons
## Min. : 1.0 Min. : 6.55 Length:2215
## 1st Qu.: 30.0 1st Qu.: 156.95 Class :character
## Median : 75.0 Median : 302.36 Mode :character
## Mean : 516.7 Mean : 473.97
## 3rd Qu.: 232.5 3rd Qu.: 589.77
## Max. :112464.0 Max. :4968.59
## NA's :3 NA's :3
## arsonsPerPop ViolentCrimesPerPop nonViolPerPop
## Length:2215 Length:2215 Length:2215
## Class :character Class :character Class :character
## Mode :character Mode :character Mode :character
##
##
##
##
table=data.frame(table(crimedata$communityname))
crimedata$citystate=paste(crimedata$communityname,crimedata$state)
glimpse(crimedata)
## Observations: 2,215
## Variables: 148
## $ communityname <chr> "BerkeleyHeightstownship", "Marpletownsh...
## $ state <chr> "NJ", "PA", "OR", "NY", "MN", "MO", "MA"...
## $ countyCode <chr> "39", "45", "?", "35", "7", "?", "21", "...
## $ communityCode <chr> "5320", "47616", "?", "29443", "5068", "...
## $ fold <int> 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1...
## $ population <int> 11980, 23123, 29344, 16656, 11245, 14049...
## $ householdsize <dbl> 3.10, 2.82, 2.43, 2.40, 2.76, 2.45, 2.60...
## $ racepctblack <dbl> 1.37, 0.80, 0.74, 1.70, 0.53, 2.51, 1.60...
## $ racePctWhite <dbl> 91.78, 95.57, 94.33, 97.35, 89.16, 95.65...
## $ racePctAsian <dbl> 6.50, 3.44, 3.43, 0.50, 1.17, 0.90, 1.47...
## $ racePctHisp <dbl> 1.88, 0.85, 2.35, 0.70, 0.52, 0.95, 1.10...
## $ agePct12t21 <dbl> 12.47, 11.01, 11.36, 12.55, 24.46, 18.09...
## $ agePct12t29 <dbl> 21.44, 21.30, 25.88, 25.20, 40.53, 32.89...
## $ agePct16t24 <dbl> 10.93, 10.48, 11.01, 12.19, 28.69, 20.04...
## $ agePct65up <dbl> 11.33, 17.18, 10.28, 17.57, 12.65, 13.26...
## $ numbUrban <int> 11980, 23123, 29344, 0, 0, 140494, 28700...
## $ pctUrban <dbl> 100.00, 100.00, 100.00, 0.00, 0.00, 100....
## $ medIncome <int> 75122, 47917, 35669, 20580, 17390, 21577...
## $ pctWWage <dbl> 89.24, 78.99, 82.00, 68.15, 69.33, 75.78...
## $ pctWFarmSelf <dbl> 1.55, 1.11, 1.15, 0.24, 0.55, 1.00, 0.39...
## $ pctWInvInc <dbl> 70.20, 64.11, 55.73, 38.95, 42.82, 41.15...
## $ pctWSocSec <dbl> 23.62, 35.50, 22.25, 39.48, 32.16, 29.31...
## $ pctWPubAsst <dbl> 1.03, 2.75, 2.94, 11.71, 11.21, 7.12, 5....
## $ pctWRetire <dbl> 18.39, 22.85, 14.56, 18.33, 14.43, 14.09...
## $ medFamInc <int> 79584, 55323, 42112, 26501, 24018, 27705...
## $ perCapInc <int> 29711, 20148, 16946, 10810, 8483, 11878,...
## $ whitePerCap <int> 30233, 20191, 17103, 10909, 9009, 12029,...
## $ blackPerCap <int> 13600, 18137, 16644, 9984, 887, 7382, 17...
## $ indianPerCap <int> 5725, 0, 21606, 4941, 4425, 10264, 21482...
## $ AsianPerCap <int> 27101, 20074, 15528, 3541, 3352, 10753, ...
## $ OtherPerCap <int> 5115, 5250, 5954, 2451, 3000, 7192, 2185...
## $ HispPerCap <int> 22838, 12222, 8405, 4391, 1328, 8104, 22...
## $ NumUnderPov <int> 227, 885, 1389, 2831, 2855, 23223, 1126,...
## $ PctPopUnderPov <dbl> 1.96, 3.98, 4.75, 17.23, 29.99, 17.78, 4...
## $ PctLess9thGrade <dbl> 5.81, 5.61, 2.80, 11.05, 12.15, 8.76, 4....
## $ PctNotHSGrad <dbl> 9.90, 13.72, 9.09, 33.68, 23.06, 23.03, ...
## $ PctBSorMore <dbl> 48.18, 29.89, 30.13, 10.81, 25.28, 20.66...
## $ PctUnemployed <dbl> 2.70, 2.43, 4.01, 9.86, 9.08, 5.72, 4.85...
## $ PctEmploy <dbl> 64.55, 61.96, 69.80, 54.74, 52.44, 59.02...
## $ PctEmplManu <dbl> 14.65, 12.26, 15.95, 31.22, 6.89, 14.31,...
## $ PctEmplProfServ <dbl> 28.82, 29.28, 21.52, 27.43, 36.54, 26.83...
## $ PctOccupManu <dbl> 5.49, 6.39, 8.79, 26.76, 10.94, 14.72, 8...
## $ PctOccupMgmtProf <dbl> 50.73, 37.64, 32.48, 22.71, 27.80, 23.42...
## $ MalePctDivorce <dbl> 3.67, 4.23, 10.10, 10.98, 7.51, 11.40, 5...
## $ MalePctNevMarr <dbl> 26.38, 27.99, 25.78, 28.15, 50.66, 33.32...
## $ FemalePctDiv <dbl> 5.22, 6.45, 14.76, 14.47, 11.64, 14.46, ...
## $ TotalPctDiv <dbl> 4.47, 5.42, 12.55, 12.91, 9.73, 13.04, 7...
## $ PersPerFam <dbl> 3.22, 3.11, 2.95, 2.98, 2.98, 2.89, 3.14...
## $ PctFam2Par <dbl> 91.43, 86.91, 78.54, 64.02, 58.59, 71.94...
## $ PctKids2Par <dbl> 90.17, 85.33, 78.85, 62.36, 55.20, 69.79...
## $ PctYoungKids2Par <dbl> 95.78, 96.82, 92.37, 65.38, 66.51, 79.76...
## $ PctTeen2Par <dbl> 95.81, 86.46, 75.72, 67.43, 79.17, 75.33...
## $ PctWorkMomYoungKids <dbl> 44.56, 51.14, 66.08, 59.59, 61.22, 62.96...
## $ PctWorkMom <dbl> 58.88, 62.43, 74.19, 70.27, 68.94, 70.52...
## $ NumKidsBornNeverMar <int> 31, 43, 164, 561, 402, 1511, 263, 2368, ...
## $ PctKidsBornNeverMar <dbl> 0.36, 0.24, 0.88, 3.84, 4.70, 1.58, 1.18...
## $ NumImmig <int> 1277, 1920, 1468, 339, 196, 2091, 2637, ...
## $ PctImmigRecent <dbl> 8.69, 5.21, 16.42, 13.86, 46.94, 21.33, ...
## $ PctImmigRec5 <dbl> 13.00, 8.65, 23.98, 13.86, 56.12, 30.56,...
## $ PctImmigRec8 <dbl> 20.99, 13.33, 32.08, 15.34, 67.86, 38.02...
## $ PctImmigRec10 <dbl> 30.93, 22.50, 35.63, 15.34, 69.90, 45.48...
## $ PctRecentImmig <dbl> 0.93, 0.43, 0.82, 0.28, 0.82, 0.32, 1.05...
## $ PctRecImmig5 <dbl> 1.39, 0.72, 1.20, 0.28, 0.98, 0.45, 1.49...
## $ PctRecImmig8 <dbl> 2.24, 1.11, 1.61, 0.31, 1.18, 0.57, 2.20...
## $ PctRecImmig10 <dbl> 3.30, 1.87, 1.78, 0.31, 1.22, 0.68, 2.55...
## $ PctSpeakEnglOnly <dbl> 85.68, 87.79, 93.11, 94.98, 94.64, 96.87...
## $ PctNotSpeakEnglWell <dbl> 1.37, 1.81, 1.14, 0.56, 0.39, 0.60, 0.60...
## $ PctLargHouseFam <dbl> 4.81, 4.25, 2.97, 3.93, 5.23, 3.08, 5.08...
## $ PctLargHouseOccup <dbl> 4.17, 3.34, 2.05, 2.56, 3.11, 1.92, 3.46...
## $ PersPerOccupHous <dbl> 2.99, 2.70, 2.42, 2.37, 2.35, 2.28, 2.55...
## $ PersPerOwnOccHous <dbl> 3.00, 2.83, 2.69, 2.51, 2.55, 2.37, 2.89...
## $ PersPerRentOccHous <dbl> 2.84, 1.96, 2.06, 2.20, 2.12, 2.16, 2.09...
## $ PctPersOwnOccup <dbl> 91.46, 89.03, 64.18, 58.18, 58.13, 57.81...
## $ PctPersDenseHous <dbl> 0.39, 1.01, 2.03, 1.21, 2.94, 2.11, 1.47...
## $ PctHousLess3BR <dbl> 11.06, 23.60, 47.46, 45.66, 55.64, 53.19...
## $ MedNumBR <int> 3, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3...
## $ HousVacant <int> 64, 240, 544, 669, 333, 5119, 566, 2051,...
## $ PctHousOccup <dbl> 98.37, 97.15, 95.68, 91.19, 92.45, 91.81...
## $ PctHousOwnOcc <dbl> 91.01, 84.88, 57.79, 54.89, 53.57, 55.50...
## $ PctVacantBoarded <dbl> 3.12, 0.00, 0.92, 2.54, 3.90, 2.09, 1.41...
## $ PctVacMore6Mos <dbl> 37.50, 18.33, 7.54, 57.85, 42.64, 26.22,...
## $ MedYrHousBuilt <int> 1959, 1958, 1976, 1939, 1958, 1966, 1956...
## $ PctHousNoPhone <dbl> 0.00, 0.31, 1.55, 7.00, 7.45, 6.13, 0.69...
## $ PctWOFullPlumb <dbl> 0.28, 0.14, 0.12, 0.87, 0.82, 0.31, 0.28...
## $ OwnOccLowQuart <int> 215900, 136300, 74700, 36400, 30600, 377...
## $ OwnOccMedVal <int> 262600, 164200, 90400, 49600, 43200, 539...
## $ OwnOccHiQuart <int> 326900, 199900, 112000, 66500, 59500, 73...
## $ OwnOccQrange <int> 111000, 63600, 37300, 30100, 28900, 3540...
## $ RentLowQ <int> 685, 467, 370, 195, 202, 215, 463, 186, ...
## $ RentMedian <int> 1001, 560, 428, 250, 283, 280, 669, 253,...
## $ RentHighQ <int> 1001, 672, 520, 309, 362, 349, 824, 325,...
## $ RentQrange <int> 316, 205, 150, 114, 160, 134, 361, 139, ...
## $ MedRent <int> 1001, 627, 484, 333, 332, 340, 736, 338,...
## $ MedRentPctHousInc <dbl> 23.8, 27.6, 24.1, 28.7, 32.2, 26.4, 24.4...
## $ MedOwnCostPctInc <dbl> 21.1, 20.7, 21.7, 20.6, 23.2, 17.3, 20.8...
## $ MedOwnCostPctIncNoMtg <dbl> 14.0, 12.5, 11.6, 14.5, 12.9, 11.7, 12.5...
## $ NumInShelters <int> 11, 0, 16, 0, 2, 327, 0, 21, 125, 43, 1,...
## $ NumStreet <int> 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 0, 0, 15, 4, 0, 49, 2,...
## $ PctForeignBorn <dbl> 10.66, 8.30, 5.00, 2.04, 1.74, 1.49, 9.1...
## $ PctBornSameState <dbl> 53.72, 77.17, 44.77, 88.71, 73.75, 64.35...
## $ PctSameHouse85 <dbl> 65.29, 71.27, 36.60, 56.70, 42.22, 42.29...
## $ PctSameCity85 <dbl> 78.09, 90.22, 61.26, 90.17, 60.34, 70.61...
## $ PctSameState85 <dbl> 89.14, 96.12, 82.85, 96.24, 89.02, 85.66...
## $ LemasSwornFT <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasSwFTPerPop <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasSwFTFieldOps <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasSwFTFieldPerPop <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasTotalReq <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasTotReqPerPop <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PolicReqPerOffic <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PolicPerPop <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ RacialMatchCommPol <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PctPolicWhite <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PctPolicBlack <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PctPolicHisp <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PctPolicAsian <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PctPolicMinor <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ OfficAssgnDrugUnits <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ NumKindsDrugsSeiz <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PolicAveOTWorked <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LandArea <dbl> 6.5, 10.6, 10.6, 5.2, 11.5, 70.4, 10.9, ...
## $ PopDens <dbl> 1845.9, 2186.7, 2780.9, 3217.7, 974.2, 1...
## $ PctUsePubTrans <dbl> 9.63, 3.84, 4.37, 3.31, 0.38, 0.97, 9.62...
## $ PolicCars <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ PolicOperBudg <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasPctPolicOnPatr <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasGangUnitDeploy <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ LemasPctOfficDrugUn <dbl> 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00, 0.00...
## $ PolicBudgPerPop <chr> "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", "?", ...
## $ murders <int> 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 7, 0, 8, 0, 29, 1, 12, 3,...
## $ murdPerPop <dbl> 0.00, 0.00, 8.30, 0.00, 0.00, 4.63, 0.00...
## $ rapes <chr> "0", "1", "6", "10", "?", "77", "4", "34...
## $ rapesPerPop <chr> "0", "4.25", "16.6", "57.86", "?", "50.9...
## $ robberies <chr> "1", "5", "56", "10", "4", "136", "9", "...
## $ robbbPerPop <chr> "8.2", "21.26", "154.95", "57.86", "32.0...
## $ assaults <chr> "4", "24", "14", "33", "14", "449", "54"...
## $ assaultPerPop <chr> "32.81", "102.05", "38.74", "190.93", "1...
## $ burglaries <chr> "14", "57", "274", "225", "91", "2094", ...
## $ burglPerPop <chr> "114.85", "242.37", "758.14", "1301.78",...
## $ larcenies <chr> "138", "376", "1797", "716", "1060", "76...
## $ larcPerPop <chr> "1132.08", "1598.78", "4972.19", "4142.5...
## $ autoTheft <int> 16, 26, 136, 47, 91, 454, 144, 125, 206,...
## $ autoTheftPerPop <dbl> 131.26, 110.55, 376.30, 271.93, 728.93, ...
## $ arsons <chr> "2", "1", "22", "?", "5", "134", "17", "...
## $ arsonsPerPop <chr> "16.41", "4.25", "60.87", "?", "40.05", ...
## $ ViolentCrimesPerPop <chr> "41.02", "127.56", "218.59", "306.64", "...
## $ nonViolPerPop <chr> "1394.59", "1955.95", "6167.51", "?", "9...
## $ citystate <chr> "BerkeleyHeightstownship NJ", "Marpletow...
b=unique(crimedata$citystate)
class(crimedata$rapes)
## [1] "character"
crimedata$rapes=as.numeric(crimedata$rapes)
## Warning: NAs introduced by coercion
class(crimedata$rapes)
## [1] "numeric"
crimedata2=crimedata
ncol(crimedata)
## [1] 148
nrow(crimedata)
## [1] 2215
max(crimedata$population)
## [1] 7322564
min(crimedata$population)
## [1] 10005
mean(crimedata$medIncome)
## [1] 33984.7
sum(crimedata$population)
## [1] 117656335
sum(crimedata$murders)
## [1] 17199