Find the critical points of the given function. Use the Second Derivative Test to determine if each critical point corresponds to a relative maximum, minimum, or saddle point.

\[f(x,y) = \dfrac{1}{2}x^2 + 2y^2 - 8y + 4x\]

Find the partial derivatives of f:

\[f_x(x, y) = x +4 ; \\ f_y(x,y) = 4y - 8\]

Set each equal to 0 and solve for x and y:

\[f_x(x, y) = 0 => x = -4 ; \\ f_y(x,y) = 0 => y = 2\]

Therefore, we have one critical point: (-4, 2). To determine if it corresponds to a relative maximum, minimum, or saddle point, we will look at the second partial derivative of f.

Let z = f(x, y) be differentiable on an open set containing P = (x_0 , y_0), and let

\[D = f_{xx}(x_0, y_0)f_{yy}(x_0, y_0) − f_{xy}^2(x_0, y_0)\]

  1. If D > 0 and \[f_{xx}(x_0,y_0) > 0\], then P is a relative minimum of f

  2. If D > 0 and \[f_{xx}(x_0,y_0) < 0\], then P is a relative maximum of f

  3. If D<0, then P is a saddle point of f

  4. If D = 0, the test is inconclusive

\[f_{xx} = 1 \\ f_{yy} = 4 \\ f_{xy} = 0\]

Therefore, \[D(x,y) = 4\] and (-4, 2) is a relative maximum of f.

What did you take away from this course?

This course was a good refresher of probability, calculus and linear algebra. Could have skipped linear regression, but was really good at getting us acquainted with many of the necessary Data Science skills.