Global Terrorism Database (GTD) using GGplot and Shiny
About
- Global Terrorism Database (GTD)
- Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START)
- University of Maryland
Definition of terrorism:
- “The threatened or actual use of illegal force and violence by a non-state actor to attain a political, economic, religious, or social goal through fear, coercion, or intimidation.”
Observations
- The data-set included 170,350 observations.
Variables?
- Great than 100 variables on location, tactics, perpetrators, targets, and outcomes.
See the http://start.umd.edu/gtd/downloads/Codebook.pdf for important details on data collection methodology, definitions, and coding schema.
Load and Clean
## Observations: 170,350
## Variables: 18
## $ Year <chr> "1970", "1970", "1970", "1970", "1970", "1970", "1...
## $ Month <chr> "7", "0", "1", "1", "1", "1", "1", "1", "1", "1", ...
## $ Day <chr> "2", "0", "0", "0", "0", "1", "2", "2", "2", "3", ...
## $ Country <chr> "Dominican Republic", "Mexico", "Philippines", "Gr...
## $ Region <chr> "Central America & Caribbean", "North America", "S...
## $ AttackType <chr> "Assassination", "Hostage Taking (Kidnapping)", "A...
## $ Target <chr> "Julio Guzman", "Nadine Chaval, daughter", "Employ...
## $ Killed <dbl> 1, 0, 1, NA, NA, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, NA,...
## $ Wounded <dbl> 0, 0, 0, NA, NA, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, NA,...
## $ Summary <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, "1/1/1970: Unknown African Ame...
## $ Group <chr> "MANO-D", "23rd of September Communist League", "U...
## $ Target_Type <chr> "Private Citizens & Property", "Government (Diplom...
## $ Weapon_type <chr> NA, NA, NA, "Unknown Explosive Type", NA, "Unknown...
## $ Motive <chr> NA, NA, NA, NA, NA, "To protest the Cairo Illinois...
## $ City <chr> "Santo Domingo", "Mexico city", "Unknown", "Athens...
## $ lat <dbl> 18.45679, 19.43261, 15.47860, 37.98377, 33.58041, ...
## $ long <dbl> -69.95116, -99.13321, 120.59974, 23.72816, 130.396...
## $ Casualties <dbl> 1, 0, 1, NA, NA, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, NA,...## Year Month Day Country Region AttackType
## 0 0 0 0 0 0
## Target Killed Wounded Summary Group Target_Type
## 633 9682 15325 66138 0 0
## Weapon_type Motive City lat long Casualties
## 19426 121764 446 4606 4606 15826High Impact Areas
## [1] "Year with Highest Terrorist Attacks: 2014"## [1] "Month with Highest Terrorist Attacks: 5"## [1] "Day with Highest Terrorist Attacks: 15"## [1] "Country with Highest Terrorist Attacks: Iraq"## [1] "Region with Highest Terrorist Attacks: Middle East & North Africa"## [1] "AttackType with Highest Terrorist Attacks: Bombing/Explosion"## [1] "Target with Highest Terrorist Attacks: Civilians"## [1] "Maximum peopled killed in an attack are: In 2014 1500 peopled died in Iraq"## [1] "Maximum peopled wounded in an attack are: In 2001 7366 peopled died in United States"## [1] "Group with Highest Terrorist Attacks (not unk.): Taliban"Popular Attack Types
Here’s a table view. . .
## # A tibble: 9 x 2
## AttackType n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 Bombing/Explosion 83073
## 2 Armed Assault 40223
## 3 Assassination 18402
## 4 Hostage Taking (Kidnapping) 10233
## 5 Facility/Infrastructure Attack 9581
## 6 Unknown 6425
## 7 Unarmed Assault 913
## 8 Hostage Taking (Barricade Incident) 902
## 9 Hijacking 598Let’s take a look at the top three attack types. I’ll include Year, Group, and Country.
## # A tibble: 3 x 5
## # Groups: AttackType, Year, Country [?]
## AttackType Year Country Group n
## <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <int>
## 1 Bombing/Explosion 2016 Iraq Islamic State of Iraq and the Le~ 821
## 2 Armed Assault 2014 Pakistan Unknown 500
## 3 Assassination 1995 Pakistan Unknown 242Number of Terrorist Acivities by Year
We can see that the most recent years had a significant increase in violence.
## # A tibble: 6 x 2
## Year n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 2014 16860
## 2 2015 14852
## 3 2016 13488
## 4 2013 11996
## 5 2012 8500
## 6 1992 5073Let’s take a look at the Year’s > 2010.
## # A tibble: 5 x 3
## # Groups: Year [5]
## Year Group n
## <chr> <chr> <int>
## 1 2016 Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) 1447
## 2 2015 Taliban 1249
## 3 2014 Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) 1247
## 4 2012 Taliban 800
## 5 2013 Taliban 773How about looking at the Year’s < 2010?
## # A tibble: 5 x 3
## # Groups: Year [5]
## Year Group n
## <chr> <chr> <int>
## 1 1989 Shining Path (SL) 509
## 2 1984 Shining Path (SL) 502
## 3 1983 Shining Path (SL) 493
## 4 1991 Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMLN) 492
## 5 1987 Shining Path (SL) 464Terrorist Targets by Count
What are the top 5 preferred targets for different groups?
## # A tibble: 5 x 3
## # Groups: Target_Type [5]
## Target_Type Group n
## <chr> <chr> <int>
## 1 Police Taliban 2201
## 2 Private Citizens & Property Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant ~ 1724
## 3 Military Farabundo Marti National Liberation F~ 1230
## 4 Utilities Farabundo Marti National Liberation F~ 923
## 5 Government (General) Taliban 851What are top 5 preferred targets within different countries?
## # A tibble: 5 x 3
## # Groups: Target_Type [5]
## Target_Type Country n
## <chr> <chr> <int>
## 1 Private Citizens & Property Iraq 7794
## 2 Police Iraq 3502
## 3 Military Iraq 2768
## 4 Government (General) Iraq 2142
## 5 Business Iraq 1897Terrorist Attacks by City in USA
New York City has the highest number of terrorist attacks since 1970.
## # A tibble: 10 x 3
## # Groups: City [1]
## City Year total
## <chr> <chr> <int>
## 1 New York City 1970 82
## 2 New York City 1976 43
## 3 New York City 1977 40
## 4 New York City 1971 38
## 5 New York City 1972 27
## 6 New York City 1973 22
## 7 New York City 1975 22
## 8 New York City 1982 22
## 9 New York City 1974 20
## 10 New York City 1978 20What do these attacks look like across time?
Across all U.S. cities, which had the deadliest attacks?
## # A tibble: 10 x 4
## # Groups: Year, City [10]
## Year City Casualties total
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 2001 New York City 8749. 8749.
## 2 1995 Oklahoma City 818. 818.
## 3 1984 The Dalles 751. 751.
## 4 2001 Arlington 295. 295.
## 5 2013 West 166. 166.
## 6 2013 Boston 134. 134.
## 7 1996 Atlanta 111. 111.
## 8 2016 Orlando 103. 103.
## 9 1975 New York City 85. 85.
## 10 1995 Hyder 79. 79.Let’s exclude New York City.
## # A tibble: 6 x 3
## # Groups: City [6]
## City Year total
## <chr> <chr> <int>
## 1 Boston 1970 6
## 2 Atlanta 1971 4
## 3 The Dalles 1984 4
## 4 Arlington 2001 3
## 5 Orlando 1970 2
## 6 Oklahoma City 1979 1Again, what do these attacks look like across time?
Across these U.S. cities, which had the deadliest attacks?
## # A tibble: 6 x 4
## # Groups: Year, City [6]
## Year City Casualties total
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 1995 Oklahoma City 818. 818.
## 2 1984 The Dalles 751. 751.
## 3 2001 Arlington 295. 295.
## 4 2013 West 166. 166.
## 5 2013 Boston 134. 134.
## 6 1996 Atlanta 111. 111.