Exploratory Data Analysis- Mammals sleep
Lopamudra Satpathy
March 29, 2018
INTRODUCTION: This is an updated and expanded version of the mammals sleep dataset. Updated sleep times and weights were taken from V. M. Savage and G. B. West. A quantitative, theoretical framework for understanding mammalian sleep. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104 (3):1051-1056, 2007. Sleep in mammals and non mammals indicates the state when body remain suspended nervous system be inactive,eyes remaining closed for several hours.Mammals sleep have various diversity.Some mammals sleep while standing, some sleep while sitting, some are sleeping upside down.They have different Body Mass Index as per their sleeping behaviour.Sleep sometimes increase metabolism,conserve energy.Different mammals like bats sleep 18-20 hours per day and girafees sleep 3-4 hours per day. Are Brain and Body weight responsible for sleep?
Mammas sleep data frame has 83 rows and 11 variables. 1.name : common name 2.genus: 3.vore: carnivore, omnivore or herbivore? 4.order: 5.conservation: the conservation status of the animal 6.sleep_total: total amount of sleep, in hours 7.sleep_rem: rem sleep, in hours 8.sleep_cycle: length of sleep cycle, in hours 9.awake: amount of time spent awake, in hours 10.brainwt: brain weight in kilograms 11.bodywt: body weight in kilograms
## Loading required package: knitr## Loading required package: rmarkdown## Warning: package 'rmarkdown' was built under R version 3.4.4## Loading required package: ggplot2## Loading required package: dplyr##
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
##
## filter, lag## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
##
## intersect, setdiff, setequal, unionsummary(msleep)## name genus vore
## African elephant : 1 Panthera : 3 carni :19
## African giant pouched rat: 1 Spermophilus: 3 herbi :32
## African striped mouse : 1 Equus : 2 insecti: 5
## Arctic fox : 1 Vulpes : 2 omni :20
## Arctic ground squirrel : 1 Acinonyx : 1 NA's : 7
## Asian elephant : 1 Aotus : 1
## (Other) :77 (Other) :71
## order conservation sleep_total sleep_rem
## Rodentia :22 cd : 2 Min. : 1.90 Min. :0.100
## Carnivora :12 domesticated:10 1st Qu.: 7.85 1st Qu.:0.900
## Primates :12 en : 4 Median :10.10 Median :1.500
## Artiodactyla: 6 lc :27 Mean :10.43 Mean :1.875
## Soricomorpha: 5 nt : 4 3rd Qu.:13.75 3rd Qu.:2.400
## Cetacea : 3 vu : 7 Max. :19.90 Max. :6.600
## (Other) :23 NA's :29 NA's :22
## sleep_cycle awake brainwt bodywt
## Min. :0.1167 Min. : 4.10 Min. :0.00014 Min. : 0.005
## 1st Qu.:0.1833 1st Qu.:10.25 1st Qu.:0.00290 1st Qu.: 0.174
## Median :0.3333 Median :13.90 Median :0.01240 Median : 1.670
## Mean :0.4396 Mean :13.57 Mean :0.28158 Mean : 166.136
## 3rd Qu.:0.5792 3rd Qu.:16.15 3rd Qu.:0.12550 3rd Qu.: 41.750
## Max. :1.5000 Max. :22.10 Max. :5.71200 Max. :6654.000
## NA's :51 NA's :27summary(msleep$sleep_total)## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 1.90 7.85 10.10 10.43 13.75 19.90SELECT FUNCTION
select(msleep,name,vore,sleep_total)## name vore sleep_total
## 1 Cheetah carni 12.1
## 2 Owl monkey omni 17.0
## 3 Mountain beaver herbi 14.4
## 4 Greater short-tailed shrew omni 14.9
## 5 Cow herbi 4.0
## 6 Three-toed sloth herbi 14.4
## 7 Northern fur seal carni 8.7
## 8 Vesper mouse <NA> 7.0
## 9 Dog carni 10.1
## 10 Roe deer herbi 3.0
## 11 Goat herbi 5.3
## 12 Guinea pig herbi 9.4
## 13 Grivet omni 10.0
## 14 Chinchilla herbi 12.5
## 15 Star-nosed mole omni 10.3
## 16 African giant pouched rat omni 8.3
## 17 Lesser short-tailed shrew omni 9.1
## 18 Long-nosed armadillo carni 17.4
## 19 Tree hyrax herbi 5.3
## 20 North American Opossum omni 18.0
## 21 Asian elephant herbi 3.9
## 22 Big brown bat insecti 19.7
## 23 Horse herbi 2.9
## 24 Donkey herbi 3.1
## 25 European hedgehog omni 10.1
## 26 Patas monkey omni 10.9
## 27 Western american chipmunk herbi 14.9
## 28 Domestic cat carni 12.5
## 29 Galago omni 9.8
## 30 Giraffe herbi 1.9
## 31 Pilot whale carni 2.7
## 32 Gray seal carni 6.2
## 33 Gray hyrax herbi 6.3
## 34 Human omni 8.0
## 35 Mongoose lemur herbi 9.5
## 36 African elephant herbi 3.3
## 37 Thick-tailed opposum carni 19.4
## 38 Macaque omni 10.1
## 39 Mongolian gerbil herbi 14.2
## 40 Golden hamster herbi 14.3
## 41 Vole herbi 12.8
## 42 House mouse herbi 12.5
## 43 Little brown bat insecti 19.9
## 44 Round-tailed muskrat herbi 14.6
## 45 Slow loris carni 11.0
## 46 Degu herbi 7.7
## 47 Northern grasshopper mouse carni 14.5
## 48 Rabbit herbi 8.4
## 49 Sheep herbi 3.8
## 50 Chimpanzee omni 9.7
## 51 Tiger carni 15.8
## 52 Jaguar carni 10.4
## 53 Lion carni 13.5
## 54 Baboon omni 9.4
## 55 Desert hedgehog <NA> 10.3
## 56 Potto omni 11.0
## 57 Deer mouse <NA> 11.5
## 58 Phalanger <NA> 13.7
## 59 Caspian seal carni 3.5
## 60 Common porpoise carni 5.6
## 61 Potoroo herbi 11.1
## 62 Giant armadillo insecti 18.1
## 63 Rock hyrax <NA> 5.4
## 64 Laboratory rat herbi 13.0
## 65 African striped mouse omni 8.7
## 66 Squirrel monkey omni 9.6
## 67 Eastern american mole insecti 8.4
## 68 Cotton rat herbi 11.3
## 69 Mole rat <NA> 10.6
## 70 Arctic ground squirrel herbi 16.6
## 71 Thirteen-lined ground squirrel herbi 13.8
## 72 Golden-mantled ground squirrel herbi 15.9
## 73 Musk shrew <NA> 12.8
## 74 Pig omni 9.1
## 75 Short-nosed echidna insecti 8.6
## 76 Eastern american chipmunk herbi 15.8
## 77 Brazilian tapir herbi 4.4
## 78 Tenrec omni 15.6
## 79 Tree shrew omni 8.9
## 80 Bottle-nosed dolphin carni 5.2
## 81 Genet carni 6.3
## 82 Arctic fox carni 12.5
## 83 Red fox carni 9.8select(msleep,name:bodywt)## name genus vore order
## 1 Cheetah Acinonyx carni Carnivora
## 2 Owl monkey Aotus omni Primates
## 3 Mountain beaver Aplodontia herbi Rodentia
## 4 Greater short-tailed shrew Blarina omni Soricomorpha
## 5 Cow Bos herbi Artiodactyla
## 6 Three-toed sloth Bradypus herbi Pilosa
## 7 Northern fur seal Callorhinus carni Carnivora
## 8 Vesper mouse Calomys <NA> Rodentia
## 9 Dog Canis carni Carnivora
## 10 Roe deer Capreolus herbi Artiodactyla
## 11 Goat Capri herbi Artiodactyla
## 12 Guinea pig Cavis herbi Rodentia
## 13 Grivet Cercopithecus omni Primates
## 14 Chinchilla Chinchilla herbi Rodentia
## 15 Star-nosed mole Condylura omni Soricomorpha
## 16 African giant pouched rat Cricetomys omni Rodentia
## 17 Lesser short-tailed shrew Cryptotis omni Soricomorpha
## 18 Long-nosed armadillo Dasypus carni Cingulata
## 19 Tree hyrax Dendrohyrax herbi Hyracoidea
## 20 North American Opossum Didelphis omni Didelphimorphia
## 21 Asian elephant Elephas herbi Proboscidea
## 22 Big brown bat Eptesicus insecti Chiroptera
## 23 Horse Equus herbi Perissodactyla
## 24 Donkey Equus herbi Perissodactyla
## 25 European hedgehog Erinaceus omni Erinaceomorpha
## 26 Patas monkey Erythrocebus omni Primates
## 27 Western american chipmunk Eutamias herbi Rodentia
## 28 Domestic cat Felis carni Carnivora
## 29 Galago Galago omni Primates
## 30 Giraffe Giraffa herbi Artiodactyla
## 31 Pilot whale Globicephalus carni Cetacea
## 32 Gray seal Haliochoerus carni Carnivora
## 33 Gray hyrax Heterohyrax herbi Hyracoidea
## 34 Human Homo omni Primates
## 35 Mongoose lemur Lemur herbi Primates
## 36 African elephant Loxodonta herbi Proboscidea
## 37 Thick-tailed opposum Lutreolina carni Didelphimorphia
## 38 Macaque Macaca omni Primates
## 39 Mongolian gerbil Meriones herbi Rodentia
## 40 Golden hamster Mesocricetus herbi Rodentia
## 41 Vole Microtus herbi Rodentia
## 42 House mouse Mus herbi Rodentia
## 43 Little brown bat Myotis insecti Chiroptera
## 44 Round-tailed muskrat Neofiber herbi Rodentia
## 45 Slow loris Nyctibeus carni Primates
## 46 Degu Octodon herbi Rodentia
## 47 Northern grasshopper mouse Onychomys carni Rodentia
## 48 Rabbit Oryctolagus herbi Lagomorpha
## 49 Sheep Ovis herbi Artiodactyla
## 50 Chimpanzee Pan omni Primates
## 51 Tiger Panthera carni Carnivora
## 52 Jaguar Panthera carni Carnivora
## 53 Lion Panthera carni Carnivora
## 54 Baboon Papio omni Primates
## 55 Desert hedgehog Paraechinus <NA> Erinaceomorpha
## 56 Potto Perodicticus omni Primates
## 57 Deer mouse Peromyscus <NA> Rodentia
## 58 Phalanger Phalanger <NA> Diprotodontia
## 59 Caspian seal Phoca carni Carnivora
## 60 Common porpoise Phocoena carni Cetacea
## 61 Potoroo Potorous herbi Diprotodontia
## 62 Giant armadillo Priodontes insecti Cingulata
## 63 Rock hyrax Procavia <NA> Hyracoidea
## 64 Laboratory rat Rattus herbi Rodentia
## 65 African striped mouse Rhabdomys omni Rodentia
## 66 Squirrel monkey Saimiri omni Primates
## 67 Eastern american mole Scalopus insecti Soricomorpha
## 68 Cotton rat Sigmodon herbi Rodentia
## 69 Mole rat Spalax <NA> Rodentia
## 70 Arctic ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia
## 71 Thirteen-lined ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia
## 72 Golden-mantled ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia
## 73 Musk shrew Suncus <NA> Soricomorpha
## 74 Pig Sus omni Artiodactyla
## 75 Short-nosed echidna Tachyglossus insecti Monotremata
## 76 Eastern american chipmunk Tamias herbi Rodentia
## 77 Brazilian tapir Tapirus herbi Perissodactyla
## 78 Tenrec Tenrec omni Afrosoricida
## 79 Tree shrew Tupaia omni Scandentia
## 80 Bottle-nosed dolphin Tursiops carni Cetacea
## 81 Genet Genetta carni Carnivora
## 82 Arctic fox Vulpes carni Carnivora
## 83 Red fox Vulpes carni Carnivora
## conservation sleep_total sleep_rem sleep_cycle awake brainwt bodywt
## 1 lc 12.1 NA NA 11.90 NA 50.000
## 2 <NA> 17.0 1.8 NA 7.00 0.01550 0.480
## 3 nt 14.4 2.4 NA 9.60 NA 1.350
## 4 lc 14.9 2.3 0.1333333 9.10 0.00029 0.019
## 5 domesticated 4.0 0.7 0.6666667 20.00 0.42300 600.000
## 6 <NA> 14.4 2.2 0.7666667 9.60 NA 3.850
## 7 vu 8.7 1.4 0.3833333 15.30 NA 20.490
## 8 <NA> 7.0 NA NA 17.00 NA 0.045
## 9 domesticated 10.1 2.9 0.3333333 13.90 0.07000 14.000
## 10 lc 3.0 NA NA 21.00 0.09820 14.800
## 11 lc 5.3 0.6 NA 18.70 0.11500 33.500
## 12 domesticated 9.4 0.8 0.2166667 14.60 0.00550 0.728
## 13 lc 10.0 0.7 NA 14.00 NA 4.750
## 14 domesticated 12.5 1.5 0.1166667 11.50 0.00640 0.420
## 15 lc 10.3 2.2 NA 13.70 0.00100 0.060
## 16 <NA> 8.3 2.0 NA 15.70 0.00660 1.000
## 17 lc 9.1 1.4 0.1500000 14.90 0.00014 0.005
## 18 lc 17.4 3.1 0.3833333 6.60 0.01080 3.500
## 19 lc 5.3 0.5 NA 18.70 0.01230 2.950
## 20 lc 18.0 4.9 0.3333333 6.00 0.00630 1.700
## 21 en 3.9 NA NA 20.10 4.60300 2547.000
## 22 lc 19.7 3.9 0.1166667 4.30 0.00030 0.023
## 23 domesticated 2.9 0.6 1.0000000 21.10 0.65500 521.000
## 24 domesticated 3.1 0.4 NA 20.90 0.41900 187.000
## 25 lc 10.1 3.5 0.2833333 13.90 0.00350 0.770
## 26 lc 10.9 1.1 NA 13.10 0.11500 10.000
## 27 <NA> 14.9 NA NA 9.10 NA 0.071
## 28 domesticated 12.5 3.2 0.4166667 11.50 0.02560 3.300
## 29 <NA> 9.8 1.1 0.5500000 14.20 0.00500 0.200
## 30 cd 1.9 0.4 NA 22.10 NA 899.995
## 31 cd 2.7 0.1 NA 21.35 NA 800.000
## 32 lc 6.2 1.5 NA 17.80 0.32500 85.000
## 33 lc 6.3 0.6 NA 17.70 0.01227 2.625
## 34 <NA> 8.0 1.9 1.5000000 16.00 1.32000 62.000
## 35 vu 9.5 0.9 NA 14.50 NA 1.670
## 36 vu 3.3 NA NA 20.70 5.71200 6654.000
## 37 lc 19.4 6.6 NA 4.60 NA 0.370
## 38 <NA> 10.1 1.2 0.7500000 13.90 0.17900 6.800
## 39 lc 14.2 1.9 NA 9.80 NA 0.053
## 40 en 14.3 3.1 0.2000000 9.70 0.00100 0.120
## 41 <NA> 12.8 NA NA 11.20 NA 0.035
## 42 nt 12.5 1.4 0.1833333 11.50 0.00040 0.022
## 43 <NA> 19.9 2.0 0.2000000 4.10 0.00025 0.010
## 44 nt 14.6 NA NA 9.40 NA 0.266
## 45 <NA> 11.0 NA NA 13.00 0.01250 1.400
## 46 lc 7.7 0.9 NA 16.30 NA 0.210
## 47 lc 14.5 NA NA 9.50 NA 0.028
## 48 domesticated 8.4 0.9 0.4166667 15.60 0.01210 2.500
## 49 domesticated 3.8 0.6 NA 20.20 0.17500 55.500
## 50 <NA> 9.7 1.4 1.4166667 14.30 0.44000 52.200
## 51 en 15.8 NA NA 8.20 NA 162.564
## 52 nt 10.4 NA NA 13.60 0.15700 100.000
## 53 vu 13.5 NA NA 10.50 NA 161.499
## 54 <NA> 9.4 1.0 0.6666667 14.60 0.18000 25.235
## 55 lc 10.3 2.7 NA 13.70 0.00240 0.550
## 56 lc 11.0 NA NA 13.00 NA 1.100
## 57 <NA> 11.5 NA NA 12.50 NA 0.021
## 58 <NA> 13.7 1.8 NA 10.30 0.01140 1.620
## 59 vu 3.5 0.4 NA 20.50 NA 86.000
## 60 vu 5.6 NA NA 18.45 NA 53.180
## 61 <NA> 11.1 1.5 NA 12.90 NA 1.100
## 62 en 18.1 6.1 NA 5.90 0.08100 60.000
## 63 lc 5.4 0.5 NA 18.60 0.02100 3.600
## 64 lc 13.0 2.4 0.1833333 11.00 0.00190 0.320
## 65 <NA> 8.7 NA NA 15.30 NA 0.044
## 66 <NA> 9.6 1.4 NA 14.40 0.02000 0.743
## 67 lc 8.4 2.1 0.1666667 15.60 0.00120 0.075
## 68 <NA> 11.3 1.1 0.1500000 12.70 0.00118 0.148
## 69 <NA> 10.6 2.4 NA 13.40 0.00300 0.122
## 70 lc 16.6 NA NA 7.40 0.00570 0.920
## 71 lc 13.8 3.4 0.2166667 10.20 0.00400 0.101
## 72 lc 15.9 3.0 NA 8.10 NA 0.205
## 73 <NA> 12.8 2.0 0.1833333 11.20 0.00033 0.048
## 74 domesticated 9.1 2.4 0.5000000 14.90 0.18000 86.250
## 75 <NA> 8.6 NA NA 15.40 0.02500 4.500
## 76 <NA> 15.8 NA NA 8.20 NA 0.112
## 77 vu 4.4 1.0 0.9000000 19.60 0.16900 207.501
## 78 <NA> 15.6 2.3 NA 8.40 0.00260 0.900
## 79 <NA> 8.9 2.6 0.2333333 15.10 0.00250 0.104
## 80 <NA> 5.2 NA NA 18.80 NA 173.330
## 81 <NA> 6.3 1.3 NA 17.70 0.01750 2.000
## 82 <NA> 12.5 NA NA 11.50 0.04450 3.380
## 83 <NA> 9.8 2.4 0.3500000 14.20 0.05040 4.230max(msleep$bodywt)## [1] 6654filter(msleep, vore == "herbi")## name genus vore order
## 1 Mountain beaver Aplodontia herbi Rodentia
## 2 Cow Bos herbi Artiodactyla
## 3 Three-toed sloth Bradypus herbi Pilosa
## 4 Roe deer Capreolus herbi Artiodactyla
## 5 Goat Capri herbi Artiodactyla
## 6 Guinea pig Cavis herbi Rodentia
## 7 Chinchilla Chinchilla herbi Rodentia
## 8 Tree hyrax Dendrohyrax herbi Hyracoidea
## 9 Asian elephant Elephas herbi Proboscidea
## 10 Horse Equus herbi Perissodactyla
## 11 Donkey Equus herbi Perissodactyla
## 12 Western american chipmunk Eutamias herbi Rodentia
## 13 Giraffe Giraffa herbi Artiodactyla
## 14 Gray hyrax Heterohyrax herbi Hyracoidea
## 15 Mongoose lemur Lemur herbi Primates
## 16 African elephant Loxodonta herbi Proboscidea
## 17 Mongolian gerbil Meriones herbi Rodentia
## 18 Golden hamster Mesocricetus herbi Rodentia
## 19 Vole Microtus herbi Rodentia
## 20 House mouse Mus herbi Rodentia
## 21 Round-tailed muskrat Neofiber herbi Rodentia
## 22 Degu Octodon herbi Rodentia
## 23 Rabbit Oryctolagus herbi Lagomorpha
## 24 Sheep Ovis herbi Artiodactyla
## 25 Potoroo Potorous herbi Diprotodontia
## 26 Laboratory rat Rattus herbi Rodentia
## 27 Cotton rat Sigmodon herbi Rodentia
## 28 Arctic ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia
## 29 Thirteen-lined ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia
## 30 Golden-mantled ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia
## 31 Eastern american chipmunk Tamias herbi Rodentia
## 32 Brazilian tapir Tapirus herbi Perissodactyla
## conservation sleep_total sleep_rem sleep_cycle awake brainwt bodywt
## 1 nt 14.4 2.4 NA 9.6 NA 1.350
## 2 domesticated 4.0 0.7 0.6666667 20.0 0.42300 600.000
## 3 <NA> 14.4 2.2 0.7666667 9.6 NA 3.850
## 4 lc 3.0 NA NA 21.0 0.09820 14.800
## 5 lc 5.3 0.6 NA 18.7 0.11500 33.500
## 6 domesticated 9.4 0.8 0.2166667 14.6 0.00550 0.728
## 7 domesticated 12.5 1.5 0.1166667 11.5 0.00640 0.420
## 8 lc 5.3 0.5 NA 18.7 0.01230 2.950
## 9 en 3.9 NA NA 20.1 4.60300 2547.000
## 10 domesticated 2.9 0.6 1.0000000 21.1 0.65500 521.000
## 11 domesticated 3.1 0.4 NA 20.9 0.41900 187.000
## 12 <NA> 14.9 NA NA 9.1 NA 0.071
## 13 cd 1.9 0.4 NA 22.1 NA 899.995
## 14 lc 6.3 0.6 NA 17.7 0.01227 2.625
## 15 vu 9.5 0.9 NA 14.5 NA 1.670
## 16 vu 3.3 NA NA 20.7 5.71200 6654.000
## 17 lc 14.2 1.9 NA 9.8 NA 0.053
## 18 en 14.3 3.1 0.2000000 9.7 0.00100 0.120
## 19 <NA> 12.8 NA NA 11.2 NA 0.035
## 20 nt 12.5 1.4 0.1833333 11.5 0.00040 0.022
## 21 nt 14.6 NA NA 9.4 NA 0.266
## 22 lc 7.7 0.9 NA 16.3 NA 0.210
## 23 domesticated 8.4 0.9 0.4166667 15.6 0.01210 2.500
## 24 domesticated 3.8 0.6 NA 20.2 0.17500 55.500
## 25 <NA> 11.1 1.5 NA 12.9 NA 1.100
## 26 lc 13.0 2.4 0.1833333 11.0 0.00190 0.320
## 27 <NA> 11.3 1.1 0.1500000 12.7 0.00118 0.148
## 28 lc 16.6 NA NA 7.4 0.00570 0.920
## 29 lc 13.8 3.4 0.2166667 10.2 0.00400 0.101
## 30 lc 15.9 3.0 NA 8.1 NA 0.205
## 31 <NA> 15.8 NA NA 8.2 NA 0.112
## 32 vu 4.4 1.0 0.9000000 19.6 0.16900 207.501filter(msleep, sleep_total > 14)## name genus vore order
## 1 Owl monkey Aotus omni Primates
## 2 Mountain beaver Aplodontia herbi Rodentia
## 3 Greater short-tailed shrew Blarina omni Soricomorpha
## 4 Three-toed sloth Bradypus herbi Pilosa
## 5 Long-nosed armadillo Dasypus carni Cingulata
## 6 North American Opossum Didelphis omni Didelphimorphia
## 7 Big brown bat Eptesicus insecti Chiroptera
## 8 Western american chipmunk Eutamias herbi Rodentia
## 9 Thick-tailed opposum Lutreolina carni Didelphimorphia
## 10 Mongolian gerbil Meriones herbi Rodentia
## 11 Golden hamster Mesocricetus herbi Rodentia
## 12 Little brown bat Myotis insecti Chiroptera
## 13 Round-tailed muskrat Neofiber herbi Rodentia
## 14 Northern grasshopper mouse Onychomys carni Rodentia
## 15 Tiger Panthera carni Carnivora
## 16 Giant armadillo Priodontes insecti Cingulata
## 17 Arctic ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia
## 18 Golden-mantled ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia
## 19 Eastern american chipmunk Tamias herbi Rodentia
## 20 Tenrec Tenrec omni Afrosoricida
## conservation sleep_total sleep_rem sleep_cycle awake brainwt bodywt
## 1 <NA> 17.0 1.8 NA 7.0 0.01550 0.480
## 2 nt 14.4 2.4 NA 9.6 NA 1.350
## 3 lc 14.9 2.3 0.1333333 9.1 0.00029 0.019
## 4 <NA> 14.4 2.2 0.7666667 9.6 NA 3.850
## 5 lc 17.4 3.1 0.3833333 6.6 0.01080 3.500
## 6 lc 18.0 4.9 0.3333333 6.0 0.00630 1.700
## 7 lc 19.7 3.9 0.1166667 4.3 0.00030 0.023
## 8 <NA> 14.9 NA NA 9.1 NA 0.071
## 9 lc 19.4 6.6 NA 4.6 NA 0.370
## 10 lc 14.2 1.9 NA 9.8 NA 0.053
## 11 en 14.3 3.1 0.2000000 9.7 0.00100 0.120
## 12 <NA> 19.9 2.0 0.2000000 4.1 0.00025 0.010
## 13 nt 14.6 NA NA 9.4 NA 0.266
## 14 lc 14.5 NA NA 9.5 NA 0.028
## 15 en 15.8 NA NA 8.2 NA 162.564
## 16 en 18.1 6.1 NA 5.9 0.08100 60.000
## 17 lc 16.6 NA NA 7.4 0.00570 0.920
## 18 lc 15.9 3.0 NA 8.1 NA 0.205
## 19 <NA> 15.8 NA NA 8.2 NA 0.112
## 20 <NA> 15.6 2.3 NA 8.4 0.00260 0.900filter(msleep, sleep_total > 12, vore == "herbi")## name genus vore order conservation
## 1 Mountain beaver Aplodontia herbi Rodentia nt
## 2 Three-toed sloth Bradypus herbi Pilosa <NA>
## 3 Chinchilla Chinchilla herbi Rodentia domesticated
## 4 Western american chipmunk Eutamias herbi Rodentia <NA>
## 5 Mongolian gerbil Meriones herbi Rodentia lc
## 6 Golden hamster Mesocricetus herbi Rodentia en
## 7 Vole Microtus herbi Rodentia <NA>
## 8 House mouse Mus herbi Rodentia nt
## 9 Round-tailed muskrat Neofiber herbi Rodentia nt
## 10 Laboratory rat Rattus herbi Rodentia lc
## 11 Arctic ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia lc
## 12 Thirteen-lined ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia lc
## 13 Golden-mantled ground squirrel Spermophilus herbi Rodentia lc
## 14 Eastern american chipmunk Tamias herbi Rodentia <NA>
## sleep_total sleep_rem sleep_cycle awake brainwt bodywt
## 1 14.4 2.4 NA 9.6 NA 1.350
## 2 14.4 2.2 0.7666667 9.6 NA 3.850
## 3 12.5 1.5 0.1166667 11.5 0.0064 0.420
## 4 14.9 NA NA 9.1 NA 0.071
## 5 14.2 1.9 NA 9.8 NA 0.053
## 6 14.3 3.1 0.2000000 9.7 0.0010 0.120
## 7 12.8 NA NA 11.2 NA 0.035
## 8 12.5 1.4 0.1833333 11.5 0.0004 0.022
## 9 14.6 NA NA 9.4 NA 0.266
## 10 13.0 2.4 0.1833333 11.0 0.0019 0.320
## 11 16.6 NA NA 7.4 0.0057 0.920
## 12 13.8 3.4 0.2166667 10.2 0.0040 0.101
## 13 15.9 3.0 NA 8.1 NA 0.205
## 14 15.8 NA NA 8.2 NA 0.112head(select(msleep,name,sleep_cycle,sleep_total))## name sleep_cycle sleep_total
## 1 Cheetah NA 12.1
## 2 Owl monkey NA 17.0
## 3 Mountain beaver NA 14.4
## 4 Greater short-tailed shrew 0.1333333 14.9
## 5 Cow 0.6666667 4.0
## 6 Three-toed sloth 0.7666667 14.4msleep %>% arrange(order) %>% head## name genus vore order conservation sleep_total sleep_rem
## 1 Tenrec Tenrec omni Afrosoricida <NA> 15.6 2.3
## 2 Cow Bos herbi Artiodactyla domesticated 4.0 0.7
## 3 Roe deer Capreolus herbi Artiodactyla lc 3.0 NA
## 4 Goat Capri herbi Artiodactyla lc 5.3 0.6
## 5 Giraffe Giraffa herbi Artiodactyla cd 1.9 0.4
## 6 Sheep Ovis herbi Artiodactyla domesticated 3.8 0.6
## sleep_cycle awake brainwt bodywt
## 1 NA 8.4 0.0026 0.900
## 2 0.6666667 20.0 0.4230 600.000
## 3 NA 21.0 0.0982 14.800
## 4 NA 18.7 0.1150 33.500
## 5 NA 22.1 NA 899.995
## 6 NA 20.2 0.1750 55.500msleep %>% arrange(order) %>% tail## name genus vore order conservation
## 78 Tree shrew Tupaia omni Scandentia <NA>
## 79 Greater short-tailed shrew Blarina omni Soricomorpha lc
## 80 Star-nosed mole Condylura omni Soricomorpha lc
## 81 Lesser short-tailed shrew Cryptotis omni Soricomorpha lc
## 82 Eastern american mole Scalopus insecti Soricomorpha lc
## 83 Musk shrew Suncus <NA> Soricomorpha <NA>
## sleep_total sleep_rem sleep_cycle awake brainwt bodywt
## 78 8.9 2.6 0.2333333 15.1 0.00250 0.104
## 79 14.9 2.3 0.1333333 9.1 0.00029 0.019
## 80 10.3 2.2 NA 13.7 0.00100 0.060
## 81 9.1 1.4 0.1500000 14.9 0.00014 0.005
## 82 8.4 2.1 0.1666667 15.6 0.00120 0.075
## 83 12.8 2.0 0.1833333 11.2 0.00033 0.048msleep %>%
select(name,genus,order,sleep_total) %>%
arrange(order,sleep_total) %>%
filter(sleep_total>= 12)## name genus order sleep_total
## 1 Tenrec Tenrec Afrosoricida 15.6
## 2 Cheetah Acinonyx Carnivora 12.1
## 3 Domestic cat Felis Carnivora 12.5
## 4 Arctic fox Vulpes Carnivora 12.5
## 5 Lion Panthera Carnivora 13.5
## 6 Tiger Panthera Carnivora 15.8
## 7 Big brown bat Eptesicus Chiroptera 19.7
## 8 Little brown bat Myotis Chiroptera 19.9
## 9 Long-nosed armadillo Dasypus Cingulata 17.4
## 10 Giant armadillo Priodontes Cingulata 18.1
## 11 North American Opossum Didelphis Didelphimorphia 18.0
## 12 Thick-tailed opposum Lutreolina Didelphimorphia 19.4
## 13 Phalanger Phalanger Diprotodontia 13.7
## 14 Three-toed sloth Bradypus Pilosa 14.4
## 15 Owl monkey Aotus Primates 17.0
## 16 Chinchilla Chinchilla Rodentia 12.5
## 17 House mouse Mus Rodentia 12.5
## 18 Vole Microtus Rodentia 12.8
## 19 Laboratory rat Rattus Rodentia 13.0
## 20 Thirteen-lined ground squirrel Spermophilus Rodentia 13.8
## 21 Mongolian gerbil Meriones Rodentia 14.2
## 22 Golden hamster Mesocricetus Rodentia 14.3
## 23 Mountain beaver Aplodontia Rodentia 14.4
## 24 Northern grasshopper mouse Onychomys Rodentia 14.5
## 25 Round-tailed muskrat Neofiber Rodentia 14.6
## 26 Western american chipmunk Eutamias Rodentia 14.9
## 27 Eastern american chipmunk Tamias Rodentia 15.8
## 28 Golden-mantled ground squirrel Spermophilus Rodentia 15.9
## 29 Arctic ground squirrel Spermophilus Rodentia 16.6
## 30 Musk shrew Suncus Soricomorpha 12.8
## 31 Greater short-tailed shrew Blarina Soricomorpha 14.9plot(msleep$bodywt,msleep$brainwt,col = "blue")
plot(sqrt(msleep$bodywt),sqrt(msleep$brainwt),col = "blue")
plot(log10(msleep$brainwt),log10(msleep$brainwt),col = "blue")
#Relationship Between Body weight and total hour of sleep:
ggplot(msleep)+ geom_point(aes(log10(msleep$bodywt),sleep_total))+facet_wrap(~vore)
cor(log10(msleep$bodywt),msleep$sleep_total,use = "complete.obs")## [1] -0.5686377The negative correlation is the relationship between two variables in which one variable will increase and other variable will decrease.Here the value of correlation coefficient indicates that the more the mammal weighs, the less likely the total hour of sleep.
Relationship Between Brain weight and total sleep hour:
ggplot(msleep)+ geom_point(aes(log10(msleep$brainwt),sleep_total))+facet_wrap(~vore)## Warning: Removed 27 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
cor(log10(msleep$brainwt),msleep$sleep_total,use = "complete.obs")## [1] -0.5944555It is concluded that Brain weight and total sleep hours closely related to each other.It is difficult to find that which factor really affects the sleep hours of mammals wheather it is brain weight or Body weight,