Chapter 2: Using httr to interact with

If an API client doesn’t exist, it’s up to you to communicate directly with the API. But don’t worry, the package httr makes this really straightforward. In this chapter you’ll learn:

GET and POST requests in theory

HTTP requests

  • Conversation between your machine and the server
  • First: what you want to happen
  • “methods”: different requests for different tasks

GET (most common) and POST

  • GET: to request data from a server
  • POST: to send data to a server

GET requests in practice

A GET request is a request that asks the server to give you a particular piece of data or content (usually specified in the URL). To do this you’ll use the httr package, written by Hadley Wickham, which makes HTTP requests extremely easy.

# Load the httr package
library(httr)

# Make a GET request to http://httpbin.org/get
#get_result <- GET("http://pcl.uscourts.gov/dquery") # This url is from PACER-API-Documentation.pdf but doesn't work
get_result <- GET("https://pcl-legacy.uscourts.gov") # from the bottom of https://www.pacer.gov/pclnew/
# This solution was suggested from a user at stackoverflow.com
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/48721271/sending-http-get-request-to-pacer-to-import-court-documents-in-r?noredirect=1#comment84442152_48721271

# Print it to inspect it
get_result

#url <- "https://pcl.uscourts.gov/dquery" # See comments above
url <- "https://pcl-legacy.uscourts.gov"

query_params <- list(download = "1", 
                     dl_fmt = "xml",
                     court_type = "cv",
                     nos = "445", # civil rights: Amer w/Disabilities-Employment 
                     date_filed_start = "01/30/2018", #PACER gave 7 cases
                     date_filed_end = "01/30/2018")

# Make a GET request to url and save the results
PACER_response <- GET(url, query = query_params, authenticate("Plymouth_State_University", "Clusters03264!"))
PACER_response

As you can see from inspecting the output, there are a lot of parts of a HTTP response. Most of them you don’t have to worry about right now; some, like the status code and the content, we’ll cover later.

Extracting the response

Extract the data from the response the server sent back, using httr’s content() function.

There are two ways to do it:

  1. Use a simple URL and then deal with the complicated structure of the response.
  2. Use a more specific (slightly more complicated) URL.

Ask for the number of pageviews to the English-language Wikipedia’s “Hadley Wickham” article on 1 and 2 January 2017.

This example finds all parties with last name “Moncrief” for all courts, with results returned in XML format. Field names are in magenta, data is in green.

# Save 
#saveRDS(PACER_response, "disabilities_xml.rds")
resp_xml <- readRDS("disabilities_xml.rds")

The result of extracting the content is a list, which is pretty common (but not uniform) to API responses.

Chapter 3: Handling JSON and XML

Sometimes data is a TSV or nice plaintext output. Sometimes it’s XML and/or JSON (two of the most common formats that API returns). This chapter walks you through:

You’ll practice by examining the revision history for a Wikipedia article retrieved from the Wikipedia API using httr, xml2 and jsonlite.

XML structure

XML is another popular format for transmitting data over APIs. Like JSON, it’s a plain text format. But it has quite a different structure. The structure of XML file can be divided into:

  1. markup describes the structure of the data; is in the form of tags
  2. content is data itself

Do you understand XML structure?

Understand terms like parent, child, sibling describing the structure of XML.

Examining XML documents

One benefit of using the XML document object is the available functions that help you explore and manipulate the document. For example xml_structure() will print a representation of the XML document that emphasizes the hierarchical structure by displaying the elements without the data.

# Load packages
library(httr)
library(xml2)

# Check response is XML
http_type(resp_xml)
## [1] "application/xhtml+xml"
str(resp_xml)
## List of 10
##  $ url        : chr "https://pacer.login.uscourts.gov/csologin/login.jsf?appurl=pcl-legacy.uscourts.gov/search"
##  $ status_code: int 200
##  $ headers    :List of 13
##   ..$ date                     : chr "Sun, 11 Feb 2018 22:17:25 GMT"
##   ..$ server                   : chr "Apache"
##   ..$ x-content-type-options   : chr "nosniff"
##   ..$ x-frame-options          : chr "SAMEORIGIN"
##   ..$ cache-control            : chr "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate, max-age=0, s-max-age=0, proxy-revalidate"
##   ..$ expires                  : chr "Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT"
##   ..$ set-cookie               : chr "JSESSIONID=A6D649526DF0ECBE0E1E0330BFE3ECCD; Path=/csologin; Secure; HttpOnly"
##   ..$ pragma                   : chr "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate, max-age=0, s-max-age=0, proxy-revalidate"
##   ..$ x-xss-protection         : chr "1; mode=block"
##   ..$ strict-transport-security: chr "max-age=10886400; includeSubDomains; preload"
##   ..$ x-ua-compatible          : chr "IE=edge,chrome=1"
##   ..$ transfer-encoding        : chr "chunked"
##   ..$ content-type             : chr "application/xhtml+xml;charset=UTF-8"
##   ..- attr(*, "class")= chr [1:2] "insensitive" "list"
##  $ all_headers:List of 3
##   ..$ :List of 3
##   .. ..$ status : int 302
##   .. ..$ version: chr "HTTP/1.1"
##   .. ..$ headers:List of 9
##   .. .. ..$ date                  : chr "Sun, 11 Feb 2018 22:17:24 GMT"
##   .. .. ..$ server                : chr "Apache"
##   .. .. ..$ x-content-type-options: chr "nosniff"
##   .. .. ..$ x-frame-options       : chr "SAMEORIGIN"
##   .. .. ..$ location              : chr "https://pcl-legacy.uscourts.gov/search?download=1&dl_fmt=xml&court_type=cv&nos=445&date_filed_start=01%252F30%2"| __truncated__
##   .. .. ..$ vary                  : chr "Accept-Encoding"
##   .. .. ..$ content-encoding      : chr "gzip"
##   .. .. ..$ content-length        : chr "272"
##   .. .. ..$ content-type          : chr "text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"
##   .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr [1:2] "insensitive" "list"
##   ..$ :List of 3
##   .. ..$ status : int 302
##   .. ..$ version: chr "HTTP/1.1"
##   .. ..$ headers:List of 9
##   .. .. ..$ date                  : chr "Sun, 11 Feb 2018 22:17:24 GMT"
##   .. .. ..$ server                : chr "Apache"
##   .. .. ..$ x-content-type-options: chr "nosniff"
##   .. .. ..$ x-frame-options       : chr "SAMEORIGIN"
##   .. .. ..$ location              : chr "https://pacer.login.uscourts.gov/csologin/login.jsf?appurl=pcl-legacy.uscourts.gov/search"
##   .. .. ..$ vary                  : chr "Accept-Encoding"
##   .. .. ..$ content-encoding      : chr "gzip"
##   .. .. ..$ content-length        : chr "223"
##   .. .. ..$ content-type          : chr "text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"
##   .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr [1:2] "insensitive" "list"
##   ..$ :List of 3
##   .. ..$ status : int 200
##   .. ..$ version: chr "HTTP/1.1"
##   .. ..$ headers:List of 13
##   .. .. ..$ date                     : chr "Sun, 11 Feb 2018 22:17:25 GMT"
##   .. .. ..$ server                   : chr "Apache"
##   .. .. ..$ x-content-type-options   : chr "nosniff"
##   .. .. ..$ x-frame-options          : chr "SAMEORIGIN"
##   .. .. ..$ cache-control            : chr "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate, max-age=0, s-max-age=0, proxy-revalidate"
##   .. .. ..$ expires                  : chr "Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT"
##   .. .. ..$ set-cookie               : chr "JSESSIONID=A6D649526DF0ECBE0E1E0330BFE3ECCD; Path=/csologin; Secure; HttpOnly"
##   .. .. ..$ pragma                   : chr "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate, max-age=0, s-max-age=0, proxy-revalidate"
##   .. .. ..$ x-xss-protection         : chr "1; mode=block"
##   .. .. ..$ strict-transport-security: chr "max-age=10886400; includeSubDomains; preload"
##   .. .. ..$ x-ua-compatible          : chr "IE=edge,chrome=1"
##   .. .. ..$ transfer-encoding        : chr "chunked"
##   .. .. ..$ content-type             : chr "application/xhtml+xml;charset=UTF-8"
##   .. .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr [1:2] "insensitive" "list"
##  $ cookies    :'data.frame': 1 obs. of  7 variables:
##   ..$ domain    : chr "#HttpOnly_pacer.login.uscourts.gov"
##   ..$ flag      : logi FALSE
##   ..$ path      : chr "/csologin"
##   ..$ secure    : logi TRUE
##   ..$ expiration: POSIXct[1:1], format: NA
##   ..$ name      : chr "JSESSIONID"
##   ..$ value     : chr "A6D649526DF0ECBE0E1E0330BFE3ECCD"
##  $ content    : raw [1:44623] 3c 21 44 4f ...
##  $ date       : POSIXct[1:1], format: "2018-02-11 22:17:25"
##  $ times      : Named num [1:6] 0.712 0.52 0.657 0.981 1.272 ...
##   ..- attr(*, "names")= chr [1:6] "redirect" "namelookup" "connect" "pretransfer" ...
##  $ request    :List of 7
##   ..$ method    : chr "GET"
##   ..$ url       : chr "https://pcl-legacy.uscourts.gov/?download=1&dl_fmt=xml&court_type=cv&nos=445&date_filed_start=01%2F30%2F2018&da"| __truncated__
##   ..$ headers   : Named chr "application/json, text/xml, application/xml, */*"
##   .. ..- attr(*, "names")= chr "Accept"
##   ..$ fields    : NULL
##   ..$ options   :List of 4
##   .. ..$ useragent: chr "libcurl/7.58.0 r-curl/3.1 httr/1.3.1"
##   .. ..$ httpauth : num 1
##   .. ..$ userpwd  : chr "Plymouth_State_University:Clusters03264!"
##   .. ..$ httpget  : logi TRUE
##   ..$ auth_token: NULL
##   ..$ output    : list()
##   .. ..- attr(*, "class")= chr [1:2] "write_memory" "write_function"
##   ..- attr(*, "class")= chr "request"
##  $ handle     :Class 'curl_handle' <externalptr> 
##  - attr(*, "class")= chr "response"

# Examine returned text with content()
NH_text <- content(resp_xml, as = "text") 
NH_text
## [1] "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\"><head>\n        \t<meta http-equiv=\"X-UA-Compatible\" content=\"IE=edge\" /><link type=\"text/css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"/csologin/javax.faces.resource/theme.css.jsf?ln=primefaces-redmond\" /><link type=\"text/css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"/csologin/javax.faces.resource/primefaces.css.jsf?ln=primefaces&amp;v=5.3\" /><script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/csologin/javax.faces.resource/jquery/jquery.js.jsf?ln=primefaces&amp;v=5.3\"></script><script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/csologin/javax.faces.resource/jquery/jquery-plugins.js.jsf?ln=primefaces&amp;v=5.3\"></script><script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/csologin/javax.faces.resource/primefaces.js.jsf?ln=primefaces&amp;v=5.3\"></script><script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/csologin/javax.faces.resource/primefaces-extensions.js.jsf?ln=primefaces-extensions&amp;v=4.0.0\"></script><link type=\"text/css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"/csologin/javax.faces.resource/tooltip/tooltip.css.jsf?ln=primefaces-extensions&amp;v=4.0.0\" /><script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/csologin/javax.faces.resource/tooltip/tooltip.js.jsf?ln=primefaces-extensions&amp;v=4.0.0\"></script><script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/csologin/javax.faces.resource/printer/printer.js.jsf?ln=primefaces&amp;v=5.3\"></script><script type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nif(window.PrimeFaces){PrimeFaces.settings.projectStage='Development';}\n//]]>\n</script>\n        <title>PACER Login\n    \t</title>\n    \t<meta http-equiv=\"Cache-Control\" content=\"no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate\" />\n\t \t<meta http-equiv=\"Pragma\" content=\"no-cache\" />\n\t\t<meta http-equiv=\"Expires\" content=\"0\" /></head><body>\n  \t\t<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/Scripts/pscsetservers.js\"></script>\n    \t<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/Scripts/pscheader.js\"></script>\n  \t\t<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/Scripts/psctopnav.js\"></script>\n  \t\t<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/Scripts/clearfields.js\"></script>\n\t\t<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/Scripts/capslockstate-jquery-plugin.js\"></script>\n\t\t<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/Scripts/capLockDetection.js\"></script>\n\n\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"/CSS/style.css\" />\n        <link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"/CSS/demo.css\" />\n        <link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"/CSS/cso.css\" />\n\t\t<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"/csologin/resources/css/cso.css\" />\n\t<!-- meta http-equiv=\"refresh\" content=\"900\" / -->\n\n <script>\n//<![CDATA[\nshow_top_nav_menu(null, false, true);\n//]]>\n</script>\n\n        <div id=\"site\">\n\t\t  <div class=\"center-wrapper-sub\">\n\t\t \t<noscript>\n\t\t       <div class=\"notice\">\n\t\t      \t  <h1>This site requires JavaScript. Turn it on then refresh the page.</h1>\n\t\t       </div>\n\t\t    </noscript>\n\n\t\t    <div class=\"main\" id=\"main-sub\">\n\n\t\t\t  <div id=\"contentx\">\n\t<meta http-equiv=\"refresh\" content=\"1800;url=https://pacer.login.uscourts.gov/csologin/login.jsf?appurl=pcl-legacy.uscourts.gov%2Fsearch\" /><div id=\"j_idt18\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\"><div class=\"center-table\">Please wait while your transaction is being processed.<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div><img id=\"j_idt25\" src=\"/csologin/resources/images/loader_bar.gif?pfdrid_c=true\" alt=\"\" /><br /></div></div></div><script id=\"j_idt18_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"transWaitDialog\",{id:\"j_idt18\",draggable:false,resizable:false,modal:true});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"j_idt28\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\"><div class=\"center-table\">Please Wait<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div><img id=\"j_idt34\" src=\"/csologin/resources/images/loader.gif?pfdrid_c=true\" alt=\"\" /><br /></div></div></div><script id=\"j_idt28_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"spinnerWaitDialog\",{id:\"j_idt28\",draggable:false,resizable:false,modal:true});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"j_idt36\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\"><div style=\"height:5px;\"></div><div class=\"center-table\"><img id=\"j_idt40\" src=\"/csologin/resources/images/loader.gif?pfdrid_c=true\" alt=\"\" /><br /></div></div></div><script id=\"j_idt36_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"spinnerDialog\",{id:\"j_idt36\",draggable:false,resizable:false,modal:true});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"j_idt43\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\"><div class=\"center-table\">Please Wait<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div><img id=\"j_idt47\" src=\"/csologin/resources/images/loader_bar.gif?pfdrid_c=true\" alt=\"\" /><br /></div></div></div><script id=\"j_idt43_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"barWaitDialog\",{id:\"j_idt43\",draggable:false,resizable:false,modal:true});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"j_idt49\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\"><div style=\"height:5px;\"></div><div class=\"center-table\"><img id=\"j_idt52\" src=\"/csologin/resources/images/loader_bar.gif?pfdrid_c=true\" alt=\"\" /><br /></div></div></div><script id=\"j_idt49_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"barDialog\",{id:\"j_idt49\",draggable:false,resizable:false,modal:true});});\n//]]>\n</script>\n\t<h1>PACER Login</h1><div style=\"width:600px\">\n\tYour browser must be set to accept cookies in order to log in to this site. If your browser is set to accept cookies and you\n\tare experiencing problems with the login, delete the stored cookie file in your PC. Close and reopen your browser before trying again.\n\t</div>\n\t<br /><div id=\"dlgMsg\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-top\"><span id=\"dlgMsg_title\" class=\"ui-dialog-title\">Redaction Agreement</span><a href=\"#\" class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar-icon ui-dialog-titlebar-close ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-icon ui-icon-closethick\"></span></a></div><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\">\n<form id=\"regmsg\" name=\"regmsg\" method=\"post\" action=\"/csologin/login.jsf\" enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\">\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"regmsg\" value=\"regmsg\" />\n<span class=\"fbold\">IMPORTANT NOTICE OF REDACTION RESPONSIBILITY: </span>All filers must redact: Social Security or taxpayer-identification numbers; dates of birth; names of minor children; financial account numbers; and, in criminal cases, home addresses, in compliance with<a id=\"regmsg:aphtml\" name=\"regmsg:aphtml\" href=\"http://www.pacer.gov/privacy/ap.html\" target=\"_blank\"> Fed. R. App. P. 25(a)(5)</a>, <a id=\"regmsg:cvhtml\" name=\"regmsg:cvhtml\" href=\"http://www.pacer.gov/privacy/cv.html\" target=\"_blank\"> Fed. R. Civ. P. 5.2</a>, <a id=\"regmsg:crhtml\" name=\"regmsg:crhtml\" href=\"http://www.pacer.gov/privacy/cr.html\" target=\"_blank\"> Fed. R. Crim. P. 49.1</a>, or <a id=\"regmsg:bkhtml\" name=\"regmsg:bkhtml\" href=\"http://www.pacer.gov/privacy/bk.html\" target=\"_blank\"> Fed. R. Bankr. P. 9037.</a> This requirement applies to all documents, including attachments.<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div><table border=\"0\" frame=\"none\" width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"ckboxlCol1\"><div id=\"regmsg:chkRedact\" class=\"ui-chkbox ui-widget\"><div class=\"ui-helper-hidden-accessible\"><input id=\"regmsg:chkRedact_input\" name=\"regmsg:chkRedact_input\" type=\"checkbox\" autocomplete=\"off\" aria-checked=\"false\" onchange=\"PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsg:chkRedact&quot;,e:&quot;valueChange&quot;,p:&quot;regmsg:chkRedact&quot;,u:&quot;regmsg:bpmConfirm&quot;});\" /></div><div class=\"ui-chkbox-box ui-widget ui-corner-all ui-state-default\"><span class=\"ui-chkbox-icon ui-icon ui-icon-blank ui-c\"></span></div></div><script id=\"regmsg:chkRedact_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"SelectBooleanCheckbox\",\"widget_regmsg_chkRedact\",{id:\"regmsg:chkRedact\"});\n//]]>\n</script></td>\n<td class=\"ckboxlCol2\">I understand that, if I file, I must comply with the redaction rules. I have read this notice.</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n\n\t\t<br /><div id=\"regmsg:pgroup\" class=\"text-center\"><button id=\"regmsg:bpmConfirm\" name=\"regmsg:bpmConfirm\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only ui-state-disabled\" onclick=\"PF('barWaitDialog').show();\" type=\"submit\" disabled=\"disabled\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Continue</span></button><script id=\"regmsg:bpmConfirm_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsg_bpmConfirm\",{id:\"regmsg:bpmConfirm\"});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"regmsg:bpmCancel\" name=\"regmsg:bpmCancel\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('redactionConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsg:bpmCancel&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Cancel</span></button><script id=\"regmsg:bpmCancel_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsg_bpmCancel\",{id:\"regmsg:bpmCancel\"});\n//]]>\n</script></div>\n\t    <br />\n\t    <!-- &lt;/p&gt; --><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"javax.faces.ViewState\" id=\"j_id1:javax.faces.ViewState:0\" value=\"stateless\" autocomplete=\"off\" />\n</form></div></div><script id=\"dlgMsg_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"redactionConfirmation\",{id:\"dlgMsg\",modal:true,width:\"600\"});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"inActiveMsg\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-top\"><span id=\"inActiveMsg_title\" class=\"ui-dialog-title\">PACER User Inactive</span><a href=\"#\" class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar-icon ui-dialog-titlebar-close ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-icon ui-icon-closethick\"></span></a></div><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\">\n<form id=\"regmsgInactive\" name=\"regmsgInactive\" method=\"post\" action=\"/csologin/login.jsf\" enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\">\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"regmsgInactive\" value=\"regmsgInactive\" />\n<span class=\"fbold\">PACER User Inactive: </span>Although you have a PACER account, your account is currently inactive. For information on how to make your account status active, contact the PACER Service Center at (800) 676-6856 Monday through Friday between 8 AM and 6 PM CT, or email pacer@psc.uscourts.gov.\n\t\t\t<br />\n\t\t\t<br />You may continue to log in and perform other activities (e.g., e-file, request filing privileges), but you will not be able to perform a search until your account is active.<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div>\n\t\t<br /><div id=\"regmsgInactive:pgroupInactive\" class=\"text-center\"><button id=\"regmsgInactive:bpmConfirmInactive\" name=\"regmsgInactive:bpmConfirmInactive\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('inactiveConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgInactive:bpmConfirmInactive&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Continue</span></button><script id=\"regmsgInactive:bpmConfirmInactive_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgInactive_bpmConfirmInactive\",{id:\"regmsgInactive:bpmConfirmInactive\"});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"regmsgInactive:bpmCancelInactive\" name=\"regmsgInactive:bpmCancelInactive\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('inactiveConfirmation').hide();PF('redactionConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgInactive:bpmCancelInactive&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Cancel</span></button><script id=\"regmsgInactive:bpmCancelInactive_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgInactive_bpmCancelInactive\",{id:\"regmsgInactive:bpmCancelInactive\"});\n//]]>\n</script></div>\n\t    <br />\n\t    <!-- &lt;/p&gt; --><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"javax.faces.ViewState\" id=\"j_id1:javax.faces.ViewState:1\" value=\"stateless\" autocomplete=\"off\" />\n</form></div></div><script id=\"inActiveMsg_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"inactiveConfirmation\",{id:\"inActiveMsg\",modal:true,width:\"600\"});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"activReqMsg\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-top\"><span id=\"activReqMsg_title\" class=\"ui-dialog-title\">PACER User Not Activated</span><a href=\"#\" class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar-icon ui-dialog-titlebar-close ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-icon ui-icon-closethick\"></span></a></div><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\">\n<form id=\"regmsgActivReq\" name=\"regmsgActivReq\" method=\"post\" action=\"/csologin/login.jsf\" enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\">\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"regmsgActivReq\" value=\"regmsgActivReq\" />\n<span class=\"fbold\">PACER User Not Activated: </span>\n\t\t\tAlthough you have a PACER account, your search privileges are not activated. You may continue to log in and\n\t\t\tperform other activities (e.g., e-file, request filing privileges), but you will not be able to perform a\n\t\t\tsearch until your privileges have been enabled.\n\t\t\t<br />\n\t\t\t<br />\n\t\t\tYour authentication token will be delivered by U.S. mail in 7-10 business days. Activation instructions are\n\t\t\tprovided in the letter you receive.\n\t\t\t<br />\n\t\t\t<br />\n\t\t\tIf you want to receive instant access to PACER privileges, log in to <b>Manage My Account</b> at\n\t\t\t<a id=\"regmsgActivReq:pacerGovLnk\" name=\"regmsgActivReq:pacerGovLnk\" href=\"https://www.pacer.gov/\" onclick=\"window.open('https://www.pacer.gov/', '_PacerGov_', 'dependent=yes,menubar=yes,toolbar=yes,status=yes,resizable=yes'); return false;\" class=\"fbold\">www.pacer.gov</a>\n\t\t\tSelect <b>Activate Case Search Privileges</b>. Click the link in the instructions and provide your credit card information. If the card is validated, your privileges will be activated.\n\t\t\t<br />\n\t\t\t<br />If you have any questions, contact the PACER Service Center at (800) 676-6856 Monday through Friday between 8 AM and 6 PM CT, or email pacer@psc.uscourts.gov.<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div>\n\t\t\t<br /><div id=\"regmsgActivReq:pgroupActivReq\" class=\"text-center\"><button id=\"regmsgActivReq:bpmConfirmActivReq\" name=\"regmsgActivReq:bpmConfirmActivReq\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('activReqConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgActivReq:bpmConfirmActivReq&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Continue</span></button><script id=\"regmsgActivReq:bpmConfirmActivReq_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgActivReq_bpmConfirmActivReq\",{id:\"regmsgActivReq:bpmConfirmActivReq\"});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"regmsgActivReq:bpmCancelActivReq\" name=\"regmsgActivReq:bpmCancelActivReq\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('activReqConfirmation').hide();PF('redactionConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgActivReq:bpmCancelActivReq&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Cancel</span></button><script id=\"regmsgActivReq:bpmCancelActivReq_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgActivReq_bpmCancelActivReq\",{id:\"regmsgActivReq:bpmCancelActivReq\"});\n//]]>\n</script></div>\n\t\t<br /><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"javax.faces.ViewState\" id=\"j_id1:javax.faces.ViewState:2\" value=\"stateless\" autocomplete=\"off\" />\n</form></div></div><script id=\"activReqMsg_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"activReqConfirmation\",{id:\"activReqMsg\",modal:true,width:\"600\"});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"disabledMsg\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-top\"><span id=\"disabledMsg_title\" class=\"ui-dialog-title\">PACER Account Disabled</span><a href=\"#\" class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar-icon ui-dialog-titlebar-close ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-icon ui-icon-closethick\"></span></a></div><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\">\n<form id=\"regmsgDisabled\" name=\"regmsgDisabled\" method=\"post\" action=\"/csologin/login.jsf\" enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\">\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"regmsgDisabled\" value=\"regmsgDisabled\" />\n<span class=\"fbold\">PACER Account Disabled: </span>Your PACER account has been disabled due to non-payment. To enable your PACER privileges, click on Manage My Account to make a payment, or contact the PACER Service Center at (800) 676-6856 Monday through Friday between 8 AM and 6 PM CT, or email pacer@psc.uscourts.gov.\n\t\t\t<br />\n\t\t\t<br />You may continue to log in and perform other activities (e.g., e-file, request filing privileges), but you will not be able to perform a search until your account is enabled.<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div>\n\t\t\t<br /><div id=\"regmsgDisabled:pgroupDisabled\" class=\"text-center\"><button id=\"regmsgDisabled:bpmConfirmDisabled\" name=\"regmsgDisabled:bpmConfirmDisabled\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('disabledConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgDisabled:bpmConfirmDisabled&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Continue</span></button><script id=\"regmsgDisabled:bpmConfirmDisabled_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgDisabled_bpmConfirmDisabled\",{id:\"regmsgDisabled:bpmConfirmDisabled\"});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"regmsgDisabled:bpmCancelDisabled\" name=\"regmsgDisabled:bpmCancelDisabled\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('disabledConfirmation').hide();PF('redactionConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgDisabled:bpmCancelDisabled&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Cancel</span></button><script id=\"regmsgDisabled:bpmCancelDisabled_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgDisabled_bpmCancelDisabled\",{id:\"regmsgDisabled:bpmCancelDisabled\"});\n//]]>\n</script></div>\n\t\t<br /><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"javax.faces.ViewState\" id=\"j_id1:javax.faces.ViewState:3\" value=\"stateless\" autocomplete=\"off\" />\n</form></div></div><script id=\"disabledMsg_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"disabledConfirmation\",{id:\"disabledMsg\",modal:true,width:\"600\"});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"disabledOtherMsg\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-top\"><span id=\"disabledOtherMsg_title\" class=\"ui-dialog-title\">PACER Account Disabled</span><a href=\"#\" class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar-icon ui-dialog-titlebar-close ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-icon ui-icon-closethick\"></span></a></div><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\">\n<form id=\"regmsgDisabledOther\" name=\"regmsgDisabledOther\" method=\"post\" action=\"/csologin/login.jsf\" enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\">\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"regmsgDisabledOther\" value=\"regmsgDisabledOther\" />\n<span class=\"fbold\">PACER Account Disabled: </span>Your PACER account has been disabled. To enable your PACER privileges, contact the PACER Service Center at (800) 676-6856 Monday through Friday between 8 AM and 6 PM CT, or email pacer@psc.uscourts.gov.\n\t\t\t<br />\n\t\t\t<br />You may continue to log in and perform other activities (e.g., e-file, request filing privileges), but you will not be able to perform a search until your account is enabled.<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div>\n\t\t\t<br /><div id=\"regmsgDisabledOther:pgroupDisabledOther\" class=\"text-center\"><button id=\"regmsgDisabledOther:bpmConfirmDisabledOther\" name=\"regmsgDisabledOther:bpmConfirmDisabledOther\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('disabledOtherConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgDisabledOther:bpmConfirmDisabledOther&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Continue</span></button><script id=\"regmsgDisabledOther:bpmConfirmDisabledOther_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgDisabledOther_bpmConfirmDisabledOther\",{id:\"regmsgDisabledOther:bpmConfirmDisabledOther\"});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"regmsgDisabledOther:bpmCancelDisabledOther\" name=\"regmsgDisabledOther:bpmCancelDisabledOther\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('disabledOtherConfirmation').hide();PF('redactionConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgDisabledOther:bpmCancelDisabledOther&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Cancel</span></button><script id=\"regmsgDisabledOther:bpmCancelDisabledOther_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgDisabledOther_bpmCancelDisabledOther\",{id:\"regmsgDisabledOther:bpmCancelDisabledOther\"});\n//]]>\n</script></div>\n\t\t\t<br />\n\t    <!-- &lt;/p&gt; --><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"javax.faces.ViewState\" id=\"j_id1:javax.faces.ViewState:4\" value=\"stateless\" autocomplete=\"off\" />\n</form></div></div><script id=\"disabledOtherMsg_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"disabledOtherConfirmation\",{id:\"disabledOtherMsg\",modal:true,width:\"600\"});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"noCCMsg\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-top\"><span id=\"noCCMsg_title\" class=\"ui-dialog-title\">No Client Code Entered</span><a href=\"#\" class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar-icon ui-dialog-titlebar-close ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-icon ui-icon-closethick\"></span></a></div><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\">\n<form id=\"regmsgNoCC\" name=\"regmsgNoCC\" method=\"post\" action=\"/csologin/login.jsf\" enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\">\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"regmsgNoCC\" value=\"regmsgNoCC\" />\n<span class=\"fbold\">A required Client Code was not entered: </span>You may continue to login, but you will not have PACER search privileges.<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div>\n\t\t<br /><div id=\"regmsgNoCC:pgroupNoCC\" class=\"text-center\"><button id=\"regmsgNoCC:bpmConfirmNoCC\" name=\"regmsgNoCC:bpmConfirmNoCC\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('noCCConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgNoCC:bpmConfirmNoCC&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Continue</span></button><script id=\"regmsgNoCC:bpmConfirmNoCC_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgNoCC_bpmConfirmNoCC\",{id:\"regmsgNoCC:bpmConfirmNoCC\"});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"regmsgNoCC:bpmCancelNoCC\" name=\"regmsgNoCC:bpmCancelNoCC\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('noCCConfirmation').hide();PF('redactionConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgNoCC:bpmCancelNoCC&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Cancel</span></button><script id=\"regmsgNoCC:bpmCancelNoCC_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgNoCC_bpmCancelNoCC\",{id:\"regmsgNoCC:bpmCancelNoCC\"});\n//]]>\n</script></div>\n\t    <br />\n\t    <!-- &lt;/p&gt; --><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"javax.faces.ViewState\" id=\"j_id1:javax.faces.ViewState:5\" value=\"stateless\" autocomplete=\"off\" />\n</form></div></div><script id=\"noCCMsg_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"noCCConfirmation\",{id:\"noCCMsg\",modal:true,width:\"600\"});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"invalidCCMsg\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-top\"><span id=\"invalidCCMsg_title\" class=\"ui-dialog-title\">Invalid Client Code Entered</span><a href=\"#\" class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar-icon ui-dialog-titlebar-close ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-icon ui-icon-closethick\"></span></a></div><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\">\n<form id=\"regmsgInvalidCC\" name=\"regmsgInvalidCC\" method=\"post\" action=\"/csologin/login.jsf\" enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\">\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"regmsgInvalidCC\" value=\"regmsgInvalidCC\" />\n<span class=\"fbold\">An invalid Client Code was entered: </span>You may continue to login, but you will not have PACER search privileges.<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div>\n\t\t<br /><div id=\"regmsgInvalidCC:pgroupInvalidCC\" class=\"text-center\"><button id=\"regmsgInvalidCC:bpmConfirmInvalidCC\" name=\"regmsgInvalidCC:bpmConfirmInvalidCC\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('invalidCCConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgInvalidCC:bpmConfirmInvalidCC&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Continue</span></button><script id=\"regmsgInvalidCC:bpmConfirmInvalidCC_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgInvalidCC_bpmConfirmInvalidCC\",{id:\"regmsgInvalidCC:bpmConfirmInvalidCC\"});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"regmsgInvalidCC:bpmCancelInvalidCC\" name=\"regmsgInvalidCC:bpmCancelInvalidCC\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('invalidCCConfirmation').hide();PF('redactionConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgInvalidCC:bpmCancelInvalidCC&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Cancel</span></button><script id=\"regmsgInvalidCC:bpmCancelInvalidCC_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgInvalidCC_bpmCancelInvalidCC\",{id:\"regmsgInvalidCC:bpmCancelInvalidCC\"});\n//]]>\n</script></div>\n\t    <br /><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"javax.faces.ViewState\" id=\"j_id1:javax.faces.ViewState:6\" value=\"stateless\" autocomplete=\"off\" />\n</form></div></div><script id=\"invalidCCMsg_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"invalidCCConfirmation\",{id:\"invalidCCMsg\",modal:true,width:\"600\"});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"courtUserMsg\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-top\"><span id=\"courtUserMsg_title\" class=\"ui-dialog-title\">NextGen CM/ECF E-File Conversion Confirmation</span><a href=\"#\" class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar-icon ui-dialog-titlebar-close ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-icon ui-icon-closethick\"></span></a></div><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\">\n<form id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg\" method=\"post\" action=\"/csologin/login.jsf\" enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\">\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg\" value=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg\" />\n<div style=\"height:10px;\"></div>\n\t\t\t\tYou need to link your upgraded PACER account to your existing filer account. Follow the steps listed below:\n\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t<ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIf you already have a PACER account, it must be upgraded (have more than six characters in the login name) before you can link it to an existing filing account. If you need to upgrade your PACER account,\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:newUpgAccLnk\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:newUpgAccLnk\" href=\"https://www.pacer.gov/pscof/login.jsf\" onclick=\"window.open('https://www.pacer.gov/pscof/login.jsf', '_NewCsoReg_', 'dependent=yes,menubar=yes,toolbar=yes,status=yes,resizable=yes,scrollbars=yes'); return false;\" class=\"fbold\">click this link</a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tand a new window will appear. Log in and complete the PACER upgrade. Then proceed to step 3.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t\t</li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tIf you do not have a PACER account, register for an upgraded PACER account by clicking\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:newCsoRegLnk\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:newCsoRegLnk\" href=\"https://www.pacer.gov/pscof/registration.jsf\" onclick=\"window.open('https://www.pacer.gov/pscof/registration.jsf', '_NewCsoReg_', 'dependent=yes,menubar=yes,scrollbars=yes,toolbar=yes,status=yes,resizable=yes'); return false;\" class=\"fbold\">this link.</a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tA new window will appear where you can complete the registration. Then proceed to step 3.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t\t</li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLink your upgraded PACER account to your existing CM/ECF filer account. When you\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:newConvertLnk\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:newConvertLnk\" href=\"https://pacer.login.uscourts.gov/csologin/login.jsf?appurl=\" onclick=\"window.open('https://pacer.login.uscourts.gov/csologin/login.jsf?appurl=', '_NewFilerConvert_', 'dependent=yes,menubar=yes,toolbar=yes,status=yes,resizable=yes,scrollbars=yes'); return false;\" class=\"fbold\">click this link,</a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\ta new PACER login window will appear. Follow the steps below:\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEnter the PACER credentials you created above, and you will be redirected to the next generation (NextGen) Case Management/Electronic Case Files (CM/ECF) system.\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ta. For appellate users: click <b>Link my filer account to my PACER account</b> and proceed to step 3c.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tb. For district/bankruptcy users: Select <b>Utilities&gt;NextGen Release 1.1 Menu Items&gt;Link my filer account to my PACER account</b> and proceed to step 3c.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tc. Enter your old e-file CM/ECF login and password to link your accounts.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t</li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t</ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t</li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tYour upgraded PACER account will be linked to your CM/ECF e-filing account. From this point forward, use your upgraded PACER credentials to log in to NextGen CM/ECF for this court.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t\t</li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tFor district/bankruptcy users: You may only link one account to your upgraded PACER account on the linking screen. If you want to link additional e-filing accounts, please contact the court directly for assistance.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t\t</li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tUpdates to your account should be made at the PACER Service Center using Manage My Account. These updates will be sent to the court for processing.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<br /><br />\n\t\t\t\t\t</li>\n\t\t\t\t</ol>\n\t\t\t\t<b>NOTE:</b> This process must be repeated for each court in which you have an existing e-filing account, when the court upgrades to NextGen CM/ECF.\n\t\t\t<div style=\"height:5px;\"></div><div id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:pgroupCourtUser\" class=\"text-center\"><button id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:bpmConfirmCourtUser\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:bpmConfirmCourtUser\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Continue</span></button><script id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:bpmConfirmCourtUser_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgCourtUserMsg_bpmConfirmCourtUser\",{id:\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:bpmConfirmCourtUser\"});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:bpmCancelCourtUser\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:bpmCancelCourtUser\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('courtUserConfirmation').hide();;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Cancel</span></button><script id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:bpmCancelCourtUser_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgCourtUserMsg_bpmCancelCourtUser\",{id:\"regmsgCourtUserMsg:bpmCancelCourtUser\"});\n//]]>\n</script></div><div style=\"height:5px;\"></div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"javax.faces.ViewState\" id=\"j_id1:javax.faces.ViewState:7\" value=\"stateless\" autocomplete=\"off\" />\n</form></div></div><script id=\"courtUserMsg_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"courtUserConfirmation\",{id:\"courtUserMsg\",resizable:false,modal:true,width:\"700\"});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"courtUserMsgWiz\" class=\"ui-dialog ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all ui-shadow ui-hidden-container\"><div class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-top\"><span id=\"courtUserMsgWiz_title\" class=\"ui-dialog-title\">NextGen CM/ECF E-File Access - ACCOUNT LINKING REQUIRED</span><a href=\"#\" class=\"ui-dialog-titlebar-icon ui-dialog-titlebar-close ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-icon ui-icon-closethick\"></span></a></div><div class=\"ui-dialog-content ui-widget-content\">\n<form id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz\" method=\"post\" action=\"/csologin/login.jsf\" enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\">\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz\" value=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz\" />\n<div style=\"height:10px;\"></div><span style=\"font-weight:bold\"></span> NextGen CM/ECF has implemented single sign-on, which allows you to e-file and search using a single account.\n\t\t\tYou have entered existing e-file-only credentials that must be linked to your personal upgraded PACER account. Once you have linked your  e-file-only and upgraded PACER accounts, you will use your upgraded PACER account credentials for both search and e-file access.\n\t<div style=\"height:10px;\"></div><div class=\"text-center\"><span style=\"font-weight:bold\">Select an option below:</span><div style=\"height:10px;\"></div><script id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:j_idt176_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function() {PrimeFacesExt.cw('Tooltip', 'widget_regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz_j_idt176',{id:'regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:j_idt176',widgetVar:'widget_regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz_j_idt176',global:false,shared:false,autoShow:false,forTarget:'regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnUpgradedPacer',content:\"Select this option if you have an upgraded PACER account (issued from this website since August 9, 2014). Usernames in the upgraded system were selected by you and are at least 8 characters, which can contain letters, numbers, underscores, and periods.\",show:{event:'mouseenter',delay:0,effect:function(){$(this).fadeIn(500);}},hide:{event:'mouseleave',delay:0,fixed:false,effect:function(){$(this).fadeOut(500);}},position: {at:'left center',my:'right center',adjust:{x:0,y:0},viewport:$(window)}},true);});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnUpgradedPacer\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnUpgradedPacer\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only Xlarge\" onclick=\"PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnUpgradedPacer&quot;,u:&quot;courtUserMsgWiz&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">I have an upgraded PACER account</span></button><script id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnUpgradedPacer_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz_btnUpgradedPacer\",{id:\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnUpgradedPacer\"});\n//]]>\n</script><div style=\"height:10px;\"></div><script id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:j_idt181_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function() {PrimeFacesExt.cw('Tooltip', 'widget_regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz_j_idt181',{id:'regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:j_idt181',widgetVar:'widget_regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz_j_idt181',global:false,shared:false,autoShow:false,forTarget:'regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnLegacyPacer',content:\"Select this option if you have a legacy PACER account (issued through this website prior to August 9, 2014). With this type of account, your username has fewer than 8 characters. Legacy PACER accounts were generated and assigned by the PACER Service Center.\",show:{event:'mouseenter',delay:0,effect:function(){$(this).fadeIn(500);}},hide:{event:'mouseleave',delay:0,fixed:false,effect:function(){$(this).fadeOut(500);}},position: {at:'left center',my:'right center',adjust:{x:0,y:0},viewport:$(window)}},true);});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnLegacyPacer\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnLegacyPacer\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only Xlarge\" onclick=\"PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnLegacyPacer&quot;,u:&quot;courtUserMsgWiz&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">I have a legacy PACER account</span></button><script id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnLegacyPacer_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz_btnLegacyPacer\",{id:\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnLegacyPacer\"});\n//]]>\n</script><div style=\"height:10px;\"></div><button id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnSharePacer\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnSharePacer\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only Xlarge\" onclick=\"PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnSharePacer&quot;,u:&quot;courtUserMsgWiz&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">I share a PACER account</span></button><script id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnSharePacer_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz_btnSharePacer\",{id:\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnSharePacer\"});\n//]]>\n</script><div style=\"height:10px;\"></div><button id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnNoPACER\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnNoPACER\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only Xlarge\" onclick=\"PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnNoPACER&quot;,u:&quot;courtUserMsgWiz&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">I do not have a PACER account</span></button><script id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnNoPACER_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz_btnNoPACER\",{id:\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnNoPACER\"});\n//]]>\n</script><div style=\"height:20px;\"></div><button id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnDone\" name=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnDone\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('courtUserWizConfirmation').hide();PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnDone&quot;});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Done</span></button><script id=\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnDone_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz_btnDone\",{id:\"regmsgCourtUserMsgWiz:btnDone\"});\n//]]>\n</script></div><div style=\"height:5px;\"></div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"javax.faces.ViewState\" id=\"j_id1:javax.faces.ViewState:8\" value=\"stateless\" autocomplete=\"off\" />\n</form></div></div><script id=\"courtUserMsgWiz_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Dialog\",\"courtUserWizConfirmation\",{id:\"courtUserMsgWiz\",resizable:false,modal:true,width:\"700\"});});\n//]]>\n</script><div id=\"j_idt387\" class=\"ui-panel ui-widget ui-widget-content ui-corner-all\" style=\"float:left;width:600px\" data-widget=\"widget_j_idt387\"><div id=\"j_idt387_header\" class=\"ui-panel-titlebar ui-widget-header ui-helper-clearfix ui-corner-all\"><span class=\"ui-panel-title\">Login</span></div><div id=\"j_idt387_content\" class=\"ui-panel-content ui-widget-content\">\n<form id=\"login\" name=\"login\" method=\"post\" action=\"/csologin/login.jsf?appurl=pcl-legacy.uscourts.gov%2Fsearch\" enctype=\"application/x-www-form-urlencoded\">\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"login\" value=\"login\" />\n<div id=\"login:j_idt389\" class=\"ui-messages ui-widget\" aria-live=\"polite\"></div><span id=\"login:required\"><font class=\"asterisk\">*&nbsp;Required Information</font></span><table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"580px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"ecol1\"><label id=\"login:j_idt398\" class=\"ui-outputlabel ui-widget fbold\" for=\"login:loginName\">Username<span class=\"ui-outputlabel-rfi\">*</span></label></td>\n<td class=\"ecol2\"><input id=\"login:loginName\" name=\"login:loginName\" type=\"text\" autocomplete=\"off\" size=\"40\" class=\"ui-inputfield ui-inputtext ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all\" /><script id=\"login:loginName_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"InputText\",\"widget_login_loginName\",{id:\"login:loginName\"});\n//]]>\n</script></td>\n<td class=\"ecol3\"><div id=\"login:j_idt400\" aria-live=\"polite\" class=\"ui-message\"></div></td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"580px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"ecol1\"><label id=\"login:j_idt409\" class=\"ui-outputlabel ui-widget fbold\" for=\"login:password\">Password<span class=\"ui-outputlabel-rfi\">*</span></label></td>\n<td class=\"ecol2\"><input id=\"login:password\" name=\"login:password\" type=\"password\" class=\"ui-inputfield ui-password ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all\" autocomplete=\"off\" size=\"40\" /><script id=\"login:password_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\n$(function(){PrimeFaces.cw(\"Password\",\"widget_login_password\",{id:\"login:password\"});});\n//]]>\n</script></td>\n<td class=\"ecol3\"><div id=\"login:j_idt410\" aria-live=\"polite\" class=\"ui-message\"></div></td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<table border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"2\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"580px\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"ecol1\"><label id=\"login:j_idt413\" class=\"ui-outputlabel ui-widget fbold\" for=\"login:clientCode\">Client Code</label></td>\n<td class=\"ecol2\"><input id=\"login:clientCode\" name=\"login:clientCode\" type=\"text\" maxlength=\"32\" size=\"40\" class=\"ui-inputfield ui-inputtext ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all\" /><script id=\"login:clientCode_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"InputText\",\"widget_login_clientCode\",{id:\"login:clientCode\"});\n//]]>\n</script></td>\n<td class=\"ecol3\"><div id=\"login:j_idt415\" aria-live=\"polite\" class=\"ui-message\"></div></td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n\n\n\t\t\t<span id=\"statetext\"></span>\n\n\n\t\t\t<br /><div class=\"text-center\"><button id=\"login:fbtnLogin\" name=\"login:fbtnLogin\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PF('barWaitDialog').show();\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Login</span></button><script id=\"login:fbtnLogin_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_login_fbtnLogin\",{id:\"login:fbtnLogin\"});\n//]]>\n</script>\n\t\t\t\t<!-- &lt;p:commandButton value=\"Clear\" onclick=\"clearVisibleTextFields();\" /&gt;  --><button id=\"login:fbtnClear\" name=\"login:fbtnClear\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"PrimeFaces.ab({s:&quot;login:fbtnClear&quot;,onco:function(xhr,status,args){clearVisibleTextFields();;}});return false;\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Clear</span></button><script id=\"login:fbtnClear_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_login_fbtnClear\",{id:\"login:fbtnClear\"});\n//]]>\n</script><button id=\"login:fbtnCancel\" name=\"login:fbtnCancel\" class=\"ui-button ui-widget ui-state-default ui-corner-all ui-button-text-only\" onclick=\"\" type=\"submit\"><span class=\"ui-button-text ui-c\">Cancel</span></button><script id=\"login:fbtnCancel_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"CommandButton\",\"widget_login_fbtnCancel\",{id:\"login:fbtnCancel\"});\n//]]>\n</script></div><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"javax.faces.ViewState\" id=\"j_id1:javax.faces.ViewState:9\" value=\"stateless\" autocomplete=\"off\" />\n</form>\n    \t<br /><div class=\"text-center\"><a id=\"register\" name=\"register\" href=\"https://www.pacer.gov/pscof/registration.jsf\">Need an Account?</a> |\n\t\t\t<a id=\"forgtotPW\" name=\"forgtotPW\" href=\"https://www.pacer.gov/pscof/forgotPassword.jsf?csoLogin=true\">Forgot Your Password?</a> |\n\t\t\t<a id=\"forgtotUN\" name=\"forgtotUN\" href=\"https://www.pacer.gov/pscof/forgotUserName.jsf?csoLogin=true\">Forgot User Name?</a></div>\n    \t<br /><span class=\"fbold\">NOTICE: This is a restricted government web site for official PACER use only. Unauthorized entry is prohibited and subject to prosecution under Title 18 of the U.S. Code. All activities and access attempts are logged.</span></div></div><script id=\"j_idt387_s\" type=\"text/javascript\">\n//<![CDATA[\nPrimeFaces.cw(\"Panel\",\"widget_j_idt387\",{id:\"j_idt387\"});\n//]]>\n</script>\n\t\t\t  </div>\t\t\t<!--  end of content \t -->\n\t\t    <div class=\"clearer\"> </div>\n\t\t  </div>\t\t\t\t <!--  end of main3 \t -->\n\t\t<!-- sdocapu2e.psc.uscourts.gov -->\n\n\t\t  <div class=\"clearer\"> </div>\n\n\t\t  </div>\t\t <!--   end of center wrapper \t -->\n \t\t</div>\n\n\t<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"/Scripts/pscfooter.js\"></script></body>\n</html>"

# Check htmltidy package: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/htmltidy/htmltidy.pdf

# Turn NH_text into an XML document
NH_xml <- read_xml(NH_text, as_html = TRUE) #error without as_html = T
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID regmsg:aphtml already defined [513]
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID regmsg:cvhtml already defined [513]
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID regmsg:crhtml already defined [513]
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID regmsg:bkhtml already defined [513]
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID regmsgActivReq:pacerGovLnk already defined [513]
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID regmsgCourtUserMsg:newUpgAccLnk already defined
## [513]
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID regmsgCourtUserMsg:newCsoRegLnk already defined
## [513]
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID regmsgCourtUserMsg:newConvertLnk already defined
## [513]
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID register already defined [513]
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID forgtotPW already defined [513]
## Warning in doc_parse_raw(x, encoding = encoding, base_url = base_url,
## as_html = as_html, : ID forgtotUN already defined [513]
#NH_xml <- read_html(NH_text)

# Examine the structure of NH_xml
xml_structure(NH_xml)
## <html [xmlns]>
##   <head>
##     <meta [http-equiv, content]>
##     <link [type, rel, href]>
##     <link [type, rel, href]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <link [type, rel, href]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <script [type]>
##       {cdata}
##     <title>
##       {text}
##     <meta [http-equiv, content]>
##     <meta [http-equiv, content]>
##     <meta [http-equiv, content]>
##   <body>
##     {text}
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <script [type, src]>
##     <link [rel, type, href]>
##     <link [rel, type, href]>
##     <link [rel, type, href]>
##     <link [rel, type, href]>
##     {comment}
##     <script>
##       {cdata}
##     <div [id]>
##       {text}
##       <div [class]>
##         {text}
##         <noscript>
##           {text}
##           <div [class]>
##             {text}
##             <h1>
##               {text}
##             {text}
##           {text}
##         {text}
##         <div [class, id]>
##           {text}
##           <div [id]>
##             {text}
##             <meta [http-equiv, content]>
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <div [class]>
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   <img [id, src, alt]>
##                   <br>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <div [class]>
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   <img [id, src, alt]>
##                   <br>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <div [style]>
##                 <div [class]>
##                   <img [id, src, alt]>
##                   <br>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <div [class]>
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   <img [id, src, alt]>
##                   <br>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <div [style]>
##                 <div [class]>
##                   <img [id, src, alt]>
##                   <br>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <h1>
##               {text}
##             <div [style]>
##               {text}
##             {text}
##             <br>
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <span [id, class]>
##                   {text}
##                 <a [href, class]>
##                   <span [class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 {text}
##                 <form [id, name, method, action, enctype]>
##                   {text}
##                   <input [type, name, value]>
##                   <span [class]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <a [id, name, href, target]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <a [id, name, href, target]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <a [id, name, href, target]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <a [id, name, href, target]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   <table [border, frame, width]>
##                     <tbody>
##                       <tr>
##                         <td [class]>
##                           <div [id, class]>
##                             <div [class]>
##                               <input [id, name, type, autocomplete, aria-checked, onchange]>
##                             <div [class]>
##                               <span [class]>
##                           <script [id, type]>
##                             {cdata}
##                         {text}
##                         <td [class]>
##                           {text}
##                         {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <div [id, class]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type, disabled]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   {comment}
##                   <input [type, name, id, value, autocomplete]>
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##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <span [id, class]>
##                   {text}
##                 <a [href, class]>
##                   <span [class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 {text}
##                 <form [id, name, method, action, enctype]>
##                   {text}
##                   <input [type, name, value]>
##                   <span [class]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <br>
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <div [id, class]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   {comment}
##                   <input [type, name, id, value, autocomplete]>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <span [id, class]>
##                   {text}
##                 <a [href, class]>
##                   <span [class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 {text}
##                 <form [id, name, method, action, enctype]>
##                   {text}
##                   <input [type, name, value]>
##                   <span [class]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <br>
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <br>
##                   {text}
##                   <b>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <a [id, name, href, onclick, class]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <b>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <br>
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <div [id, class]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <input [type, name, id, value, autocomplete]>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <span [id, class]>
##                   {text}
##                 <a [href, class]>
##                   <span [class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 {text}
##                 <form [id, name, method, action, enctype]>
##                   {text}
##                   <input [type, name, value]>
##                   <span [class]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <br>
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <div [id, class]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <input [type, name, id, value, autocomplete]>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <span [id, class]>
##                   {text}
##                 <a [href, class]>
##                   <span [class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 {text}
##                 <form [id, name, method, action, enctype]>
##                   {text}
##                   <input [type, name, value]>
##                   <span [class]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <br>
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <div [id, class]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   {comment}
##                   <input [type, name, id, value, autocomplete]>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <span [id, class]>
##                   {text}
##                 <a [href, class]>
##                   <span [class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 {text}
##                 <form [id, name, method, action, enctype]>
##                   {text}
##                   <input [type, name, value]>
##                   <span [class]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <div [id, class]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   {comment}
##                   <input [type, name, id, value, autocomplete]>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <span [id, class]>
##                   {text}
##                 <a [href, class]>
##                   <span [class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 {text}
##                 <form [id, name, method, action, enctype]>
##                   {text}
##                   <input [type, name, value]>
##                   <span [class]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <div [id, class]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <input [type, name, id, value, autocomplete]>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <span [id, class]>
##                   {text}
##                 <a [href, class]>
##                   <span [class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 {text}
##                 <form [id, name, method, action, enctype]>
##                   {text}
##                   <input [type, name, value]>
##                   <div [style]>
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <br>
##                   <ol>
##                     <li>
##                       {text}
##                       <a [id, name, href, onclick, class]>
##                         {text}
##                       {text}
##                       <br>
##                       <br>
##                     {text}
##                     <li>
##                       {text}
##                       <a [id, name, href, onclick, class]>
##                         {text}
##                       {text}
##                       <br>
##                       <br>
##                     {text}
##                     <li>
##                       {text}
##                       <a [id, name, href, onclick, class]>
##                         {text}
##                       {text}
##                       <br>
##                       <br>
##                       <ul>
##                         <li>
##                           {text}
##                           <br>
##                           <br>
##                           {text}
##                           <b>
##                             {text}
##                           {text}
##                           <br>
##                           <br>
##                           {text}
##                           <b>
##                             {text}
##                           {text}
##                           <br>
##                           <br>
##                           {text}
##                           <br>
##                           <br>
##                         {text}
##                     {text}
##                     <li>
##                       {text}
##                       <br>
##                       <br>
##                     {text}
##                     <li>
##                       {text}
##                       <br>
##                       <br>
##                     {text}
##                     <li>
##                       {text}
##                       <br>
##                       <br>
##                     {text}
##                   <b>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   <div [id, class]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   <input [type, name, id, value, autocomplete]>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 <span [id, class]>
##                   {text}
##                 <a [href, class]>
##                   <span [class]>
##               <div [class]>
##                 {text}
##                 <form [id, name, method, action, enctype]>
##                   {text}
##                   <input [type, name, value]>
##                   <div [style]>
##                   <span [style]>
##                   {text}
##                   <div [style]>
##                   <div [class]>
##                     <span [style]>
##                       {text}
##                     <div [style]>
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <div [style]>
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <div [style]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <div [style]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <div [style]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
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##                   <input [type, name, id, value, autocomplete]>
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##             <div [id, class, style, data-widget]>
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##               <div [id, class]>
##                 {text}
##                 <form [id, name, method, action, enctype]>
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##                   <input [type, name, value]>
##                   <div [id, class, aria-live]>
##                   <span [id]>
##                     <font [class]>
##                       {text}
##                   <table [border, cellpadding, cellspacing, width]>
##                     <tbody>
##                       <tr>
##                         <td [class]>
##                           <label [id, class, for]>
##                             {text}
##                             <span [class]>
##                               {text}
##                         {text}
##                         <td [class]>
##                           <input [id, name, type, autocomplete, size, class]>
##                           <script [id, type]>
##                             {cdata}
##                         {text}
##                         <td [class]>
##                           <div [id, aria-live, class]>
##                         {text}
##                   <table [border, cellpadding, cellspacing, width]>
##                     <tbody>
##                       <tr>
##                         <td [class]>
##                           <label [id, class, for]>
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##                             <span [class]>
##                               {text}
##                         {text}
##                         <td [class]>
##                           <input [id, name, type, class, autocomplete, size]>
##                           <script [id, type]>
##                             {cdata}
##                         {text}
##                         <td [class]>
##                           <div [id, aria-live, class]>
##                         {text}
##                   <table [border, cellpadding, cellspacing, width]>
##                     <tbody>
##                       <tr>
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##                           <label [id, class, for]>
##                             {text}
##                         {text}
##                         <td [class]>
##                           <input [id, name, type, maxlength, size, class]>
##                           <script [id, type]>
##                             {cdata}
##                         {text}
##                         <td [class]>
##                           <div [id, aria-live, class]>
##                         {text}
##                   <span [id]>
##                   {text}
##                   <br>
##                   <div [class]>
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     {comment}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                     <button [id, name, class, onclick, type]>
##                       <span [class]>
##                         {text}
##                     <script [id, type]>
##                       {cdata}
##                   <input [type, name, id, value, autocomplete]>
##                 {text}
##                 <br>
##                 <div [class]>
##                   <a [id, name, href]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <a [id, name, href]>
##                     {text}
##                   {text}
##                   <a [id, name, href]>
##                     {text}
##                 {text}
##                 <br>
##                 <span [class]>
##                   {text}
##             <script [id, type]>
##               {cdata}
##           {text}
##           {comment}
##           {text}
##           <div [class]>
##             {text}
##           {text}
##         {text}
##         {comment}
##         {text}
##         {comment}
##         {text}
##         <div [class]>
##           {text}
##         {text}
##       {text}
##       {comment}
##       {text}
##     {text}
##     <script [type, src]>

XPATHs

XPATHS specifies locations of nodes, like file paths

  • Get nodes with xml_find_all()
  • Extract contents with xml_double(), xml_integer(), as_list()
  • /node Elements with tag node at this level
  • //node Elements with tag node at or below this level
  • @attr Attribute with name attr