Anthony D’Amato

RPI

10/20/2014

1. Setting

EPA Fuel Economy Data

Here I look at fuel economy data acquired by the US EPA from 1985-2015. The purpose of this statistical analysis is to observe the effects of three different factors (fuel type, the drive of the car, and transmission type) on a single response variable (highway gas mileage) while blocking for two different nuisance factors (year and make of car model).

install.packages("fueleconomy", repos='http://cran.us.r-project.org')
## Installing package into 'C:/Users/Anthony/Documents/R/win-library/3.1'
## (as 'lib' is unspecified)
## package 'fueleconomy' successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
## 
## The downloaded binary packages are in
##  C:\Users\Anthony\AppData\Local\Temp\RtmpyIUic6\downloaded_packages
library("fueleconomy", lib.loc="~/R/win-library/3.1")
data<-vehicles

Below is the first 6 lines of data from the data set as a representative sample, along with a summary of the different factors in the data set.

head(data)
##      id       make               model year                       class
## 1 27550 AM General   DJ Po Vehicle 2WD 1984 Special Purpose Vehicle 2WD
## 2 28426 AM General   DJ Po Vehicle 2WD 1984 Special Purpose Vehicle 2WD
## 3 27549 AM General    FJ8c Post Office 1984 Special Purpose Vehicle 2WD
## 4 28425 AM General    FJ8c Post Office 1984 Special Purpose Vehicle 2WD
## 5  1032 AM General Post Office DJ5 2WD 1985 Special Purpose Vehicle 2WD
## 6  1033 AM General Post Office DJ8 2WD 1985 Special Purpose Vehicle 2WD
##             trans            drive cyl displ    fuel hwy cty
## 1 Automatic 3-spd    2-Wheel Drive   4   2.5 Regular  17  18
## 2 Automatic 3-spd    2-Wheel Drive   4   2.5 Regular  17  18
## 3 Automatic 3-spd    2-Wheel Drive   6   4.2 Regular  13  13
## 4 Automatic 3-spd    2-Wheel Drive   6   4.2 Regular  13  13
## 5 Automatic 3-spd Rear-Wheel Drive   4   2.5 Regular  17  16
## 6 Automatic 3-spd Rear-Wheel Drive   6   4.2 Regular  13  13
summary(data)
##        id            make              model                year     
##  Min.   :    1   Length:33442       Length:33442       Min.   :1984  
##  1st Qu.: 8361   Class :character   Class :character   1st Qu.:1991  
##  Median :16724   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Median :1999  
##  Mean   :17038                                         Mean   :1999  
##  3rd Qu.:25265                                         3rd Qu.:2008  
##  Max.   :34932                                         Max.   :2015  
##                                                                      
##     class              trans              drive                cyl       
##  Length:33442       Length:33442       Length:33442       Min.   : 2.00  
##  Class :character   Class :character   Class :character   1st Qu.: 4.00  
##  Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Mode  :character   Median : 6.00  
##                                                           Mean   : 5.77  
##                                                           3rd Qu.: 6.00  
##                                                           Max.   :16.00  
##                                                           NA's   :58     
##      displ          fuel                hwy             cty       
##  Min.   :0.00   Length:33442       Min.   :  9.0   Min.   :  6.0  
##  1st Qu.:2.30   Class :character   1st Qu.: 19.0   1st Qu.: 15.0  
##  Median :3.00   Mode  :character   Median : 23.0   Median : 17.0  
##  Mean   :3.35                      Mean   : 23.6   Mean   : 17.5  
##  3rd Qu.:4.30                      3rd Qu.: 27.0   3rd Qu.: 20.0  
##  Max.   :8.40                      Max.   :109.0   Max.   :138.0  
##  NA's   :57

Factors and Levels

As previously discussed, this data analysis will focus on the effect of three different factors and all of their respective levels. Two factors will be blocked for, and all of this will be done to monitor the changes in the single response variable of highway gas mileage.

The three factors whose effects on the response variable I will be examining are the fuel type, the drive of the car (2WD, 4WD, RWD, etc.), and the transmission type of the vehicles.

The two factors that I will be blocking for in this analysis are the year in which the car was made, and the make of the car.

The response variable in this statistical analysis will be the highway gas mileage for each car that was observed.

Continuous variables

The only continuous variable that we will be considering in this experimental analysis is the response variable of highway gas mileage.

The Data: How is it organized and what does it look like?

This data set contains the variables ‘make’, ‘model’, ‘year’, ‘trans’, ‘class’, ‘cyl’, ‘displ’, ‘hwy’, and ‘cty’. The variable ‘make’ corresponds to the vehicle manufacturer i.e. Toyota, Honda, etc. ‘Model’ refers to the car model from the specific manufacturer. ‘Year’ is the model year of the vehicle of interest. ‘Trans’ is used to define whether the vehicle has a manual or an automatic transmission and different subclasses of each. ‘Class’ is a descriptive catergory used to assign different car models into different experimental blocks such as midsize car, compact car, sports utility vehicle, etc. ‘Cyl’ is the variable used to describe how many cylinders each car’s engine has. ‘Displ’ is the car’s engine displacement. And ‘hwy’ and ‘cty’ are the variables that display the vehicle’s highway and city gas mileage respectively.

Randomization

This data was obtained as a result of survey type testing done at the EPA’s National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory in Ann Arbor, Michigan*. This is all of the background information that is available regarding the data collection.

2. (Experimental) Design

How will the experiment be organized and conducted to test the hypothesis?
In this experiment I will begin by analyzing all levels of the three factors of interest while blocking separately for the two nuisance factors. I.E. I will monitor the effects of fuel type, car drive, and and transmission type on the response variable of highway gas mileage while first blocking for the year in which the car was made and then blocking for the make of the car. I will analyze the effects of these factors through the use of ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test.

After this data analysis is complete I will look further into the adequacy of the models which were used to compare means. I will do this by creating QQ plots, interaction plots, and fit vs. residual plots.

What is the rationale for this design?
I have chosen to do use this experimental design to demonstrate proper usage of blocking variables to minimize variation caused by nuisance factors.

Randomize: What is the Randomization Scheme?
It is not clear if the data was originally collected in a random matter.

Replicate: Are there replicates and/or repeated measures?
There were no replicates or repeated measures in the original data collection for this data set.

Block: Did you use blocking in the design?
Yes, as previously described I will be blocking for the two nuisance variables, year and make of the vehicles.

3. Statistical Analysis

(Exploratory Data Analysis) Graphics and descriptive summary

Here I define the 3 factors of interest as well as the 2 blocking factors as factors to be analyzed in the statistical analysis.

# To define the'transmission' of a car as a factor
trans=as.factor(data$trans)
# To define the 'drive' of a car as a factor
drive=as.factor(data$drive)
# To define the 'year' of a car as a factor
year=as.factor(data$year)
# To define the 'fuel type' of a car as a factor
fuel=as.factor(data$fuel)
# To define the 'make' of a car as a factor
make=as.factor(data$make)

Below are boxplots of the highway gas mileages of all levels of the three factors of interest.

boxplot(hwy~fuel,data=data,ylab="Highway Gas Mileage (MPG)",xlab="Fuel Type",names=c("CNG","Diesel","Electric","Gas/E85","Gas/Nat. Gas","Gas/Prop.","Midgrade","Premium","Premium+Elec.","Prem./Elec.","Prem./E85","Regular","Reg.+Elec."))

plot of chunk unnamed-chunk-4

boxplot(hwy~drive,data=data,ylab="High Gas Mileage (MPG)",xlab="Car Drive",names=c("2WD","4WD","4WD/AWD","AWD","FWD","Part 4WD","RWD"))

plot of chunk unnamed-chunk-4

boxplot(hwy~trans,data=data,ylab="High Gas Mileage (MPG)",xlab="Transmission")

plot of chunk unnamed-chunk-4

Looking at the first box plot it appears that there are differnces in the highway gas mileage with regards to the various levels of fuel types. Also, the second box plot shows that there is some variation in the highway gas mileage of cars caused by differences in the drive of the car, but these differences may not be as drastic as they are in the other factors. Lastly, the third box plot shows that there is significant variation in the highway gas mileage of cars caused by differences in the transmission type of the vehicle.

Testing

ANOVA

Below I perform analyses of variance (ANOVA) to determine if there are significant statistical differences among the mean highway gas mileages of vehicles.

The first set of ANOVAs below is performed to look at the effect of the fuel type on highway gas mileage while first blocking for the year that the car was made, and then blocking for the make of the car.

# Assign models for the data of interest
model_fuelyear<-aov(hwy~fuel+year,data=data)
model_fuelmake<-aov(hwy~fuel+make,data=data)
# Perform ANOVA on the two models
anova(model_fuelyear)
## Analysis of Variance Table
## 
## Response: hwy
##              Df  Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)    
## fuel         12  187705   15642     507 <2e-16 ***
## year          1   71741   71741    2327 <2e-16 ***
## Residuals 33428 1030764      31                   
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
anova(model_fuelmake)
## Analysis of Variance Table
## 
## Response: hwy
##              Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)    
## fuel         12 187705   15642     687 <2e-16 ***
## make        127 344684    2714     119 <2e-16 ***
## Residuals 33302 757822      23                   
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

The first two ANOVAs both return F values of 2e-16 indicating that the variation among these groups is likely caused by something other than randomization. Thus we reject the null hypothesis that the fuel type has no effect on the highway gas mileage of cars.

The second set of ANOVAs below is performed to look at the effect of the drive of the car on highway gas mileage while first blocking for the year that the car was made, and then blocking for the make of the car.

# Assign models for the data of interest
model_driveyear<-aov(hwy~drive+year,data=data)
model_drivemake<-aov(hwy~drive+make,data=data)
# Perform ANOVA on the two models
anova(model_driveyear)
## Analysis of Variance Table
## 
## Response: hwy
##              Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)    
## drive         6 471740   78623    3407 <2e-16 ***
## year          1  46936   46936    2034 <2e-16 ***
## Residuals 33434 771535      23                   
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
anova(model_drivemake)
## Analysis of Variance Table
## 
## Response: hwy
##              Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)    
## drive         6 471740   78623  4275.6 <2e-16 ***
## make        127 205978    1622    88.2 <2e-16 ***
## Residuals 33308 612492      18                   
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

These two ANOVAs also both return F values of 2e-16 indicating that the variation among these groups is likely caused by something other than randomization. Thus we reject the null hypothesis that the drive of the car has no effect on the highway gas mileage of cars.

The third set of ANOVAs below is performed to look at the effect of the transmission type on highway gas mileage while first blocking for the year that the car was made, and then blocking for the make of the car.

# Assign models for the data of interest
model_transyear<-aov(hwy~trans+year,data=data)
model_transmake<-aov(hwy~trans+make,data=data)
# Perform ANOVA on the two models
anova(model_transyear)
## Analysis of Variance Table
## 
## Response: hwy
##              Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)    
## trans        47 313943    6680     233 <2e-16 ***
## year          1  18683   18683     652 <2e-16 ***
## Residuals 33393 957584      29                   
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
anova(model_transmake)
## Analysis of Variance Table
## 
## Response: hwy
##              Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F)    
## trans        47 313943    6680     324 <2e-16 ***
## make        126 290999    2310     112 <2e-16 ***
## Residuals 33268 685269      21                   
## ---
## Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1

These two ANOVAs also both return F values of 2e-16 indicating that the variation among these groups is likely caused by something other than randomization. Thus we reject the null hypothesis that the type of transmission of the car has no effect on the highway gas mileage of cars.

All ANOVAs return the same value for the F-statistic (2e-16) which may be a result of the extremely large sample size. Also, because each factor has so many different levels it seems very reasonable that there are statistically significant differences in the highway gas mileages among the groups.

Tukey’s Honest Significant Differences

To expand on the results of the ANOVA tests I perform Tukey’s Honest Significant Differences Test (HSD) to determine which levels of each factor result in changes in the highway gas mileage that are statistically different from eachother.

TukeyHSD(model_fuelyear,which=c("fuel","hwy"),conf.level=0.95)
## Warning: non-factors ignored: year
## Warning: NaNs produced
##   Tukey multiple comparisons of means
##     95% family-wise confidence level
## 
## Fit: aov(formula = hwy ~ fuel + year, data = data)
## 
## $fuel
##                                                             diff      lwr
## Diesel-CNG                                               4.84053   2.3462
## Electricity-CNG                                         56.80972  53.3475
## Gasoline or E85-CNG                                     -0.72306  -3.2048
## Gasoline or natural gas-CNG                             -3.84483  -8.8081
## Gasoline or propane-CNG                                 -5.34483 -12.2827
## Midgrade-CNG                                             0.34122  -3.3607
## Premium-CNG                                              1.56309  -0.8605
## Premium and Electricity-CNG                              7.15517 -11.3982
## Premium Gas or Electricity-CNG                          12.44089   5.0804
## Premium or E85-CNG                                       2.21199  -0.8992
## Regular-CNG                                              1.61892  -0.7996
## Regular Gas and Electricity-CNG                         22.78017  15.8423
## Electricity-Diesel                                      51.96919  49.4119
## Gasoline or E85-Diesel                                  -5.56359  -6.4072
## Gasoline or natural gas-Diesel                          -8.68535 -13.0656
## Gasoline or propane-Diesel                             -10.18535 -16.7188
## Midgrade-Diesel                                         -4.49931  -7.3728
## Premium-Diesel                                          -3.27744  -3.9305
## Premium and Electricity-Diesel                           2.31465 -16.0914
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Diesel                        7.60036   0.6197
## Premium or E85-Diesel                                   -2.62854  -4.6859
## Regular-Diesel                                          -3.22160  -3.8557
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Diesel                      17.93965  11.4062
## Gasoline or E85-Electricity                            -57.53278 -60.0778
## Gasoline or natural gas-Electricity                    -60.65455 -65.6498
## Gasoline or propane-Electricity                        -62.15455 -69.1153
## Midgrade-Electricity                                   -56.46850 -60.2131
## Premium-Electricity                                    -55.24663 -57.7350
## Premium and Electricity-Electricity                    -49.65455 -68.2165
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Electricity                 -44.36883 -51.7509
## Premium or E85-Electricity                             -54.59773 -57.7597
## Regular-Electricity                                    -55.19079 -57.6743
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Electricity                -34.02955 -40.9903
## Gasoline or natural gas-Gasoline or E85                 -3.12176  -7.4949
## Gasoline or propane-Gasoline or E85                     -4.62176 -11.1505
## Midgrade-Gasoline or E85                                 1.06428  -1.7982
## Premium-Gasoline or E85                                  2.28615   1.6831
## Premium and Electricity-Gasoline or E85                  7.87824 -10.5261
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Gasoline or E85              13.16395   6.1878
## Premium or E85-Gasoline or E85                           2.93505   0.8930
## Regular-Gasoline or E85                                  2.34199   1.7594
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Gasoline or E85             23.50324  16.9745
## Gasoline or propane-Gasoline or natural gas             -1.50000  -9.3166
## Midgrade-Gasoline or natural gas                         4.18605  -0.9782
## Premium-Gasoline or natural gas                          5.40791   1.0675
## Premium and Electricity-Gasoline or natural gas         11.00000  -7.8996
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Gasoline or natural gas      16.28571   8.0917
## Premium or E85-Gasoline or natural gas                   6.05682   1.2981
## Regular-Gasoline or natural gas                          5.46375   1.1262
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Gasoline or natural gas     26.62500  18.8084
## Midgrade-Gasoline or propane                             5.68605  -1.3970
## Premium-Gasoline or propane                              6.90791   0.4011
## Premium and Electricity-Gasoline or propane             12.50000  -7.0114
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Gasoline or propane          17.78571   8.2651
## Premium or E85-Gasoline or propane                       7.55682   0.7638
## Regular-Gasoline or propane                              6.96375   0.4588
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Gasoline or propane         28.12500  18.9272
## Premium-Midgrade                                         1.22187  -1.5904
## Premium and Electricity-Midgrade                         6.81395 -11.7942
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Midgrade                     12.09967   4.6022
## Premium or E85-Midgrade                                  1.87077  -1.5520
## Regular-Midgrade                                         1.27771  -1.5302
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Midgrade                    22.43895  15.3559
## Premium and Electricity-Premium                          5.59209 -12.8045
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Premium                      10.87780   3.9221
## Premium or E85-Premium                                   0.64890  -1.3221
## Regular-Premium                                          0.05584  -0.1770
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Premium                     21.21709  14.7103
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Premium and Electricity       5.28571 -14.3799
## Premium or E85-Premium and Electricity                  -4.94318 -23.4429
## Regular-Premium and Electricity                         -5.53625 -23.9322
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Premium and Electricity     15.62500  -3.8864
## Premium or E85-Premium Gas or Electricity              -10.22890 -17.4530
## Regular-Premium Gas or Electricity                     -10.82196 -17.7759
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Premium Gas or Electricity  10.33929   0.8187
## Regular-Premium or E85                                  -0.59307  -2.5578
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Premium or E85              20.56818  13.7752
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Regular                     21.16125  14.6563
##                                                             upr  p adj
## Diesel-CNG                                               7.3348 0.0000
## Electricity-CNG                                         60.2719 0.0000
## Gasoline or E85-CNG                                      1.7586 0.9991
## Gasoline or natural gas-CNG                              1.1184 0.3310
## Gasoline or propane-CNG                                  1.5930 0.3400
## Midgrade-CNG                                             4.0431 1.0000
## Premium-CNG                                              3.9867 0.6378
## Premium and Electricity-CNG                             25.7086 0.9881
## Premium Gas or Electricity-CNG                          19.8014 0.0000
## Premium or E85-CNG                                       5.3232 0.4762
## Regular-CNG                                              4.0375 0.5782
## Regular Gas and Electricity-CNG                         29.7180 0.0000
## Electricity-Diesel                                      54.5265 0.0000
## Gasoline or E85-Diesel                                  -4.7200 0.0000
## Gasoline or natural gas-Diesel                          -4.3051 0.0000
## Gasoline or propane-Diesel                              -3.6519 0.0000
## Midgrade-Diesel                                         -1.6258 0.0000
## Premium-Diesel                                          -2.6244 0.0000
## Premium and Electricity-Diesel                          20.7207 1.0000
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Diesel                       14.5810 0.0188
## Premium or E85-Diesel                                   -0.5712 0.0016
## Regular-Diesel                                          -2.5875 0.0000
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Diesel                      24.4731 0.0000
## Gasoline or E85-Electricity                            -54.9878 0.0000
## Gasoline or natural gas-Electricity                    -55.6593 0.0000
## Gasoline or propane-Electricity                        -55.1938 0.0000
## Midgrade-Electricity                                   -52.7239 0.0000
## Premium-Electricity                                    -52.7583 0.0000
## Premium and Electricity-Electricity                    -31.0926 0.0000
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Electricity                 -36.9868 0.0000
## Premium or E85-Electricity                             -51.4358 0.0000
## Regular-Electricity                                    -52.7073 0.0000
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Electricity                -27.0688 0.0000
## Gasoline or natural gas-Gasoline or E85                  1.2514 0.4692
## Gasoline or propane-Gasoline or E85                      1.9069 0.4836
## Midgrade-Gasoline or E85                                 3.9268 0.9914
## Premium-Gasoline or E85                                  2.8892 0.0000
## Premium and Electricity-Gasoline or E85                 26.2826 0.9718
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Gasoline or E85              20.1401 0.0000
## Premium or E85-Gasoline or E85                           4.9771 0.0001
## Regular-Gasoline or E85                                  2.9246 0.0000
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Gasoline or E85             30.0319 0.0000
## Gasoline or propane-Gasoline or natural gas              6.3166 1.0000
## Midgrade-Gasoline or natural gas                         9.3503 0.2604
## Premium-Gasoline or natural gas                          9.7483 0.0025
## Premium and Electricity-Gasoline or natural gas         29.8996 0.7790
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Gasoline or natural gas      24.4797 0.0000
## Premium or E85-Gasoline or natural gas                  10.8155 0.0017
## Regular-Gasoline or natural gas                          9.8013 0.0021
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Gasoline or natural gas     34.4416 0.0000
## Midgrade-Gasoline or propane                            12.7691 0.2749
## Premium-Gasoline or propane                             13.4147 0.0257
## Premium and Electricity-Gasoline or propane             32.0114 0.6482
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Gasoline or propane          27.3063 0.0000
## Premium or E85-Gasoline or propane                      14.3498 0.0142
## Regular-Gasoline or propane                             13.4687 0.0233
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Gasoline or propane         37.3228 0.0000
## Premium-Midgrade                                         4.0341 0.9683
## Premium and Electricity-Midgrade                        25.4221 0.9925
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Midgrade                     19.5971 0.0000
## Premium or E85-Midgrade                                  5.2935 0.8449
## Regular-Midgrade                                         4.0857 0.9549
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Midgrade                    29.5220 0.0000
## Premium and Electricity-Premium                         23.9887 0.9987
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Premium                      17.8335 0.0000
## Premium or E85-Premium                                   2.6199 0.9972
## Regular-Premium                                          0.2887 0.9999
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Premium                     27.7239 0.0000
## Premium Gas or Electricity-Premium and Electricity      24.9513 0.9996
## Premium or E85-Premium and Electricity                  13.5565 0.9996
## Regular-Premium and Electricity                         12.8597 0.9988
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Premium and Electricity     35.1364 0.2786
## Premium or E85-Premium Gas or Electricity               -3.0048 0.0002
## Regular-Premium Gas or Electricity                      -3.8680 0.0000
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Premium Gas or Electricity  19.8599 0.0195
## Regular-Premium or E85                                   1.3717 0.9988
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Premium or E85              27.3612 0.0000
## Regular Gas and Electricity-Regular                     27.6662 0.0000
## 
## $<NA>
##      diff lwr upr p adj
TukeyHSD(model_driveyear,which=c("drive","hwy"),conf.level=0.95)
## Warning: non-factors ignored: year
## Warning: NaNs produced
##   Tukey multiple comparisons of means
##     95% family-wise confidence level
## 
## Fit: aov(formula = hwy ~ drive + year, data = data)
## 
## $drive
##                                                       diff      lwr
## 4-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive                         1.9250   1.0988
## 4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive           -0.5990  -1.2515
## All-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive                       4.5384   3.7941
## Front-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive                     8.1085   7.4666
## Part-time 4-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive              -1.4917  -3.0682
## Rear-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive                      0.7681   0.1259
## 4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel Drive           -2.5240  -3.0871
## All-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel Drive                       2.6134   1.9460
## Front-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel Drive                     6.1835   5.6327
## Part-time 4-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel Drive              -3.4168  -4.9583
## Rear-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel Drive                     -1.1569  -1.7080
## All-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive          5.1373   4.7032
## Front-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive        8.7075   8.4917
## Part-time 4-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive -0.8928  -2.3487
## Rear-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive         1.3671   1.1505
## Front-Wheel Drive-All-Wheel Drive                   3.5702   3.1522
## Part-time 4-Wheel Drive-All-Wheel Drive            -6.0301  -7.5294
## Rear-Wheel Drive-All-Wheel Drive                   -3.7703  -4.1887
## Part-time 4-Wheel Drive-Front-Wheel Drive          -9.6003 -11.0514
## Rear-Wheel Drive-Front-Wheel Drive                 -7.3404  -7.5224
## Rear-Wheel Drive-Part-time 4-Wheel Drive            2.2598   0.8085
##                                                         upr  p adj
## 4-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive                         2.75122 0.0000
## 4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive            0.05358 0.0966
## All-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive                       5.28266 0.0000
## Front-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive                     8.75044 0.0000
## Part-time 4-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive               0.08470 0.0776
## Rear-Wheel Drive-2-Wheel Drive                      1.41025 0.0077
## 4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel Drive           -1.96083 0.0000
## All-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel Drive                       3.28065 0.0000
## Front-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel Drive                     6.73430 0.0000
## Part-time 4-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel Drive              -1.87517 0.0000
## Rear-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel Drive                     -0.60584 0.0000
## All-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive          5.57150 0.0000
## Front-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive        8.92332 0.0000
## Part-time 4-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive  0.56315 0.5426
## Rear-Wheel Drive-4-Wheel or All-Wheel Drive         1.58363 0.0000
## Front-Wheel Drive-All-Wheel Drive                   3.98816 0.0000
## Part-time 4-Wheel Drive-All-Wheel Drive            -4.53083 0.0000
## Rear-Wheel Drive-All-Wheel Drive                   -3.35189 0.0000
## Part-time 4-Wheel Drive-Front-Wheel Drive          -8.14909 0.0000
## Rear-Wheel Drive-Front-Wheel Drive                 -7.15844 0.0000
## Rear-Wheel Drive-Part-time 4-Wheel Drive            3.71112 0.0001
## 
## $<NA>
##      diff lwr upr p adj
TukeyHSD(model_transyear,which=c("trans","hwy"),conf.level=0.95)
## Warning: non-factors ignored: year
## Warning: NaNs produced
##   Tukey multiple comparisons of means
##     95% family-wise confidence level
## 
## Fit: aov(formula = hwy ~ trans + year, data = data)
## 
## $trans
##                                                          diff        lwr
## Auto (AV-S6)-                                      -1.988e+01 -42.443208
## Auto (AV-S8)-                                      -2.288e+01 -45.443208
## Auto (AV)-                                         -4.875e+00 -21.696349
## Auto(A1)-                                          -2.387e+01 -46.443208
## Auto(A8)-                                          -2.087e+01 -43.443208
## Auto(AM-S6)-                                       -1.208e+01 -20.276995
## Auto(AM-S7)-                                       -1.981e+01 -27.650104
## Auto(AM-S8)-                                       -1.587e+01 -38.443208
## Auto(AM5)-                                         -5.675e+00 -15.767809
## Auto(AM6)-                                         -1.617e+01 -24.082118
## Auto(AM7)-                                         -2.597e+01 -33.974198
## Auto(AV-S6)-                                       -1.479e+01 -22.661435
## Auto(AV-S7)-                                       -8.208e+00 -17.048596
## Auto(AV-S8)-                                       -1.634e+01 -25.897769
## Auto(L3)-                                          -2.787e+01 -44.696349
## Auto(L4)-                                          -2.588e+01 -42.696349
## Automatic (A1)-                                     3.622e+01  28.037833
## Automatic (A6)-                                    -2.387e+01 -36.904761
## Automatic (AM-S6)-                                 -1.388e+01 -36.443208
## Automatic (AM-S7)-                                 -2.987e+01 -46.696349
## Automatic (AM5)-                                   -3.875e+00 -20.696349
## Automatic (AM6)-                                   -2.687e+01 -49.443208
## Automatic (AV-S6)-                                 -1.710e+01 -27.436234
## Automatic (AV)-                                    -1.488e+01 -27.904761
## Automatic (S4)-                                    -2.012e+01 -27.772029
## Automatic (S5)-                                    -2.067e+01 -28.229865
## Automatic (S6)-                                    -1.977e+01 -27.307325
## Automatic (S7)-                                    -2.215e+01 -29.823694
## Automatic (S8)-                                    -1.863e+01 -26.218555
## Automatic (S9)-                                    -1.787e+01 -34.696349
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-                  -1.423e+01 -21.809258
## Automatic 3-spd-                                   -2.342e+01 -30.949600
## Automatic 4-spd-                                   -2.318e+01 -30.706815
## Automatic 5-spd-                                   -2.322e+01 -30.761065
## Automatic 6-spd-                                   -2.125e+01 -28.799532
## Automatic 6spd-                                    -1.088e+01 -33.443208
## Automatic 7-spd-                                   -2.057e+01 -28.153190
## Automatic 8-spd-                                   -1.924e+01 -27.095878
## Automatic 8spd-                                    -2.112e+01 -34.154761
## Automatic 9-spd-                                   -1.633e+01 -26.216358
## Manual 3-spd-                                      -2.793e+01 -35.830820
## Manual 4-spd-                                      -2.381e+01 -31.350256
## Manual 5-spd-                                      -1.933e+01 -26.855242
## Manual 5 spd-                                      -3.087e+01 -53.443208
## Manual 6-spd-                                      -1.938e+01 -26.917360
## Manual 7-spd-                                      -1.925e+01 -27.936507
## Manual(M7)-                                        -1.887e+01 -41.443208
## Auto (AV-S8)-Auto (AV-S6)                          -3.000e+00 -33.090944
## Auto (AV)-Auto (AV-S6)                              1.500e+01 -11.059522
## Auto(A1)-Auto (AV-S6)                              -4.000e+00 -34.090944
## Auto(A8)-Auto (AV-S6)                              -1.000e+00 -31.090944
## Auto(AM-S6)-Auto (AV-S6)                            7.791e+00 -13.732804
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto (AV-S6)                            6.452e-02 -21.327084
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto (AV-S6)                            4.000e+00 -26.090944
## Auto(AM5)-Auto (AV-S6)                              1.420e+01  -8.116041
## Auto(AM6)-Auto (AV-S6)                              3.707e+00 -17.712224
## Auto(AM7)-Auto (AV-S6)                             -6.098e+00 -27.549568
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto (AV-S6)                            5.082e+00 -16.319954
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto (AV-S6)                            1.167e+01 -10.111560
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto (AV-S6)                            3.538e+00 -18.542255
## Auto(L3)-Auto (AV-S6)                              -8.000e+00 -34.059522
## Auto(L4)-Auto (AV-S6)                              -6.000e+00 -32.059522
## Automatic (A1)-Auto (AV-S6)                         5.609e+01  34.572967
## Automatic (A6)-Auto (AV-S6)                        -4.000e+00 -27.788980
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto (AV-S6)                      6.000e+00 -24.090944
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto (AV-S6)                     -1.000e+01 -36.059522
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto (AV-S6)                        1.600e+01 -10.059522
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto (AV-S6)                       -7.000e+00 -37.090944
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto (AV-S6)                      2.778e+00 -19.650688
## Automatic (AV)-Auto (AV-S6)                         5.000e+00 -18.788980
## Automatic (S4)-Auto (AV-S6)                        -2.457e-01 -21.569008
## Automatic (S5)-Auto (AV-S6)                        -7.953e-01 -22.085887
## Automatic (S6)-Auto (AV-S6)                         1.059e-01 -21.177119
## Automatic (S7)-Auto (AV-S6)                        -2.271e+00 -23.603682
## Automatic (S8)-Auto (AV-S6)                         1.249e+00 -20.053400
## Automatic (S9)-Auto (AV-S6)                         2.000e+00 -24.059522
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto (AV-S6)       5.643e+00 -15.654106
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                       -3.541e+00 -24.822230
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                       -3.306e+00 -24.584784
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                       -3.349e+00 -24.631838
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                       -1.375e+00 -22.662212
## Automatic 6spd-Auto (AV-S6)                         9.000e+00 -21.090944
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                       -6.954e-01 -21.994211
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                        6.364e-01 -20.761700
## Automatic 8spd-Auto (AV-S6)                        -1.250e+00 -25.038980
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                        3.545e+00 -18.678180
## Manual 3-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                          -8.052e+00 -29.467179
## Manual 4-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                          -3.931e+00 -25.215842
## Manual 5-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                           5.463e-01 -20.732542
## Manual 5 spd-Auto (AV-S6)                          -1.100e+01 -41.090944
## Manual 6-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                           4.949e-01 -20.787737
## Manual 7-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                           6.250e-01 -21.091268
## Manual(M7)-Auto (AV-S6)                             1.000e+00 -29.090944
## Auto (AV)-Auto (AV-S8)                              1.800e+01  -8.059522
## Auto(A1)-Auto (AV-S8)                              -1.000e+00 -31.090944
## Auto(A8)-Auto (AV-S8)                               2.000e+00 -28.090944
## Auto(AM-S6)-Auto (AV-S8)                            1.079e+01 -10.732804
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto (AV-S8)                            3.065e+00 -18.327084
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto (AV-S8)                            7.000e+00 -23.090944
## Auto(AM5)-Auto (AV-S8)                              1.720e+01  -5.116041
## Auto(AM6)-Auto (AV-S8)                              6.707e+00 -14.712224
## Auto(AM7)-Auto (AV-S8)                             -3.098e+00 -24.549568
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto (AV-S8)                            8.082e+00 -13.319954
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto (AV-S8)                            1.467e+01  -7.111560
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto (AV-S8)                            6.538e+00 -15.542255
## Auto(L3)-Auto (AV-S8)                              -5.000e+00 -31.059522
## Auto(L4)-Auto (AV-S8)                              -3.000e+00 -29.059522
## Automatic (A1)-Auto (AV-S8)                         5.909e+01  37.572967
## Automatic (A6)-Auto (AV-S8)                        -1.000e+00 -24.788980
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto (AV-S8)                      9.000e+00 -21.090944
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto (AV-S8)                     -7.000e+00 -33.059522
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto (AV-S8)                        1.900e+01  -7.059522
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto (AV-S8)                       -4.000e+00 -34.090944
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto (AV-S8)                      5.778e+00 -16.650688
## Automatic (AV)-Auto (AV-S8)                         8.000e+00 -15.788980
## Automatic (S4)-Auto (AV-S8)                         2.754e+00 -18.569008
## Automatic (S5)-Auto (AV-S8)                         2.205e+00 -19.085887
## Automatic (S6)-Auto (AV-S8)                         3.106e+00 -18.177119
## Automatic (S7)-Auto (AV-S8)                         7.292e-01 -20.603682
## Automatic (S8)-Auto (AV-S8)                         4.249e+00 -17.053400
## Automatic (S9)-Auto (AV-S8)                         5.000e+00 -21.059522
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto (AV-S8)       8.643e+00 -12.654106
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                       -5.408e-01 -21.822230
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                       -3.063e-01 -21.584784
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                       -3.494e-01 -21.631838
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        1.625e+00 -19.662212
## Automatic 6spd-Auto (AV-S8)                         1.200e+01 -18.090944
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        2.305e+00 -18.994211
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        3.636e+00 -17.761700
## Automatic 8spd-Auto (AV-S8)                         1.750e+00 -22.038980
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        6.545e+00 -15.678180
## Manual 3-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                          -5.052e+00 -26.467179
## Manual 4-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                          -9.306e-01 -22.215842
## Manual 5-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                           3.546e+00 -17.732542
## Manual 5 spd-Auto (AV-S8)                          -8.000e+00 -38.090944
## Manual 6-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                           3.495e+00 -17.787737
## Manual 7-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                           3.625e+00 -18.091268
## Manual(M7)-Auto (AV-S8)                             4.000e+00 -26.090944
## Auto(A1)-Auto (AV)                                 -1.900e+01 -45.059522
## Auto(A8)-Auto (AV)                                 -1.600e+01 -42.059522
## Auto(AM-S6)-Auto (AV)                              -7.209e+00 -22.600692
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto (AV)                              -1.494e+01 -30.141875
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto (AV)                              -1.100e+01 -37.059522
## Auto(AM5)-Auto (AV)                                -8.000e-01 -17.281489
## Auto(AM6)-Auto (AV)                                -1.129e+01 -26.538092
## Auto(AM7)-Auto (AV)                                -2.110e+01 -36.388491
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto (AV)                              -9.918e+00 -25.139096
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto (AV)                              -3.333e+00 -19.078965
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto (AV)                              -1.146e+01 -27.622968
## Auto(L3)-Auto (AV)                                 -2.300e+01 -44.277511
## Auto(L4)-Auto (AV)                                 -2.100e+01 -42.277511
## Automatic (A1)-Auto (AV)                            4.109e+01  25.707294
## Automatic (A6)-Auto (AV)                           -1.900e+01 -37.426865
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto (AV)                        -9.000e+00 -35.059522
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto (AV)                        -2.500e+01 -46.277511
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto (AV)                           1.000e+00 -20.277511
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto (AV)                          -2.200e+01 -48.059522
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto (AV)                        -1.222e+01 -28.855617
## Automatic (AV)-Auto (AV)                           -1.000e+01 -28.426865
## Automatic (S4)-Auto (AV)                           -1.525e+01 -30.355874
## Automatic (S5)-Auto (AV)                           -1.580e+01 -30.859242
## Automatic (S6)-Auto (AV)                           -1.489e+01 -29.947343
## Automatic (S7)-Auto (AV)                           -1.727e+01 -32.394464
## Automatic (S8)-Auto (AV)                           -1.375e+01 -28.831584
## Automatic (S9)-Auto (AV)                           -1.300e+01 -34.277511
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto (AV)         -9.357e+00 -24.430006
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto (AV)                          -1.854e+01 -33.591811
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto (AV)                          -1.831e+01 -33.353154
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto (AV)                          -1.835e+01 -33.401840
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto (AV)                          -1.638e+01 -31.434053
## Automatic 6spd-Auto (AV)                           -6.000e+00 -32.059522
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto (AV)                          -1.570e+01 -30.770984
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto (AV)                          -1.436e+01 -29.579119
## Automatic 8spd-Auto (AV)                           -1.625e+01 -34.676865
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto (AV)                          -1.145e+01 -27.810698
## Manual 3-spd-Auto (AV)                             -2.305e+01 -38.291563
## Manual 4-spd-Auto (AV)                             -1.893e+01 -33.987022
## Manual 5-spd-Auto (AV)                             -1.445e+01 -29.501064
## Manual 5 spd-Auto (AV)                             -2.600e+01 -52.059522
## Manual 6-spd-Auto (AV)                             -1.451e+01 -29.557829
## Manual 7-spd-Auto (AV)                             -1.438e+01 -30.034824
## Manual(M7)-Auto (AV)                               -1.400e+01 -40.059522
## Auto(A8)-Auto(A1)                                   3.000e+00 -27.090944
## Auto(AM-S6)-Auto(A1)                                1.179e+01  -9.732804
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto(A1)                                4.065e+00 -17.327084
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto(A1)                                8.000e+00 -22.090944
## Auto(AM5)-Auto(A1)                                  1.820e+01  -4.116041
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(A1)                                  7.707e+00 -13.712224
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(A1)                                 -2.098e+00 -23.549568
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(A1)                                9.082e+00 -12.319954
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(A1)                                1.567e+01  -6.111560
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(A1)                                7.538e+00 -14.542255
## Auto(L3)-Auto(A1)                                  -4.000e+00 -30.059522
## Auto(L4)-Auto(A1)                                  -2.000e+00 -28.059522
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(A1)                             6.009e+01  38.572967
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(A1)                            -8.527e-13 -23.788980
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(A1)                          1.000e+01 -20.090944
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(A1)                         -6.000e+00 -32.059522
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(A1)                            2.000e+01  -6.059522
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(A1)                           -3.000e+00 -33.090944
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(A1)                          6.778e+00 -15.650688
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(A1)                             9.000e+00 -14.788980
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(A1)                             3.754e+00 -17.569008
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(A1)                             3.205e+00 -18.085887
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(A1)                             4.106e+00 -17.177119
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(A1)                             1.729e+00 -19.603682
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(A1)                             5.249e+00 -16.053400
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(A1)                             6.000e+00 -20.059522
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(A1)           9.643e+00 -11.654106
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(A1)                            4.592e-01 -20.822230
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(A1)                            6.937e-01 -20.584784
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(A1)                            6.506e-01 -20.631838
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(A1)                            2.625e+00 -18.662212
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(A1)                             1.300e+01 -17.090944
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(A1)                            3.305e+00 -17.994211
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(A1)                            4.636e+00 -16.761700
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(A1)                             2.750e+00 -21.038980
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(A1)                            7.545e+00 -14.678180
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(A1)                              -4.052e+00 -25.467179
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(A1)                               6.944e-02 -21.215842
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(A1)                               4.546e+00 -16.732542
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(A1)                              -7.000e+00 -37.090944
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(A1)                               4.495e+00 -16.787737
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(A1)                               4.625e+00 -17.091268
## Manual(M7)-Auto(A1)                                 5.000e+00 -25.090944
## Auto(AM-S6)-Auto(A8)                                8.791e+00 -12.732804
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto(A8)                                1.065e+00 -20.327084
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto(A8)                                5.000e+00 -25.090944
## Auto(AM5)-Auto(A8)                                  1.520e+01  -7.116041
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(A8)                                  4.707e+00 -16.712224
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(A8)                                 -5.098e+00 -26.549568
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(A8)                                6.082e+00 -15.319954
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(A8)                                1.267e+01  -9.111560
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(A8)                                4.538e+00 -17.542255
## Auto(L3)-Auto(A8)                                  -7.000e+00 -33.059522
## Auto(L4)-Auto(A8)                                  -5.000e+00 -31.059522
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(A8)                             5.709e+01  35.572967
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(A8)                            -3.000e+00 -26.788980
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(A8)                          7.000e+00 -23.090944
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(A8)                         -9.000e+00 -35.059522
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(A8)                            1.700e+01  -9.059522
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(A8)                           -6.000e+00 -36.090944
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(A8)                          3.778e+00 -18.650688
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(A8)                             6.000e+00 -17.788980
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(A8)                             7.543e-01 -20.569008
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(A8)                             2.047e-01 -21.085887
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(A8)                             1.106e+00 -20.177119
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(A8)                            -1.271e+00 -22.603682
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(A8)                             2.249e+00 -19.053400
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(A8)                             3.000e+00 -23.059522
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(A8)           6.643e+00 -14.654106
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(A8)                           -2.541e+00 -23.822230
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(A8)                           -2.306e+00 -23.584784
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(A8)                           -2.349e+00 -23.631838
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(A8)                           -3.753e-01 -21.662212
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(A8)                             1.000e+01 -20.090944
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(A8)                            3.046e-01 -20.994211
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(A8)                            1.636e+00 -19.761700
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(A8)                            -2.500e-01 -24.038980
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(A8)                            4.545e+00 -17.678180
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(A8)                              -7.052e+00 -28.467179
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(A8)                              -2.931e+00 -24.215842
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(A8)                               1.546e+00 -19.732542
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(A8)                              -1.000e+01 -40.090944
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(A8)                               1.495e+00 -19.787737
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(A8)                               1.625e+00 -20.091268
## Manual(M7)-Auto(A8)                                 2.000e+00 -28.090944
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto(AM-S6)                            -7.726e+00 -11.650051
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto(AM-S6)                            -3.791e+00 -25.314199
## Auto(AM5)-Auto(AM-S6)                               6.409e+00  -1.060765
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(AM-S6)                              -4.084e+00  -8.154055
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(AM-S6)                              -1.389e+01 -18.125862
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S6)                            -2.708e+00  -6.690169
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM-S6)                             3.876e+00  -1.788601
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM-S6)                            -4.252e+00 -10.986791
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM-S6)                               -1.579e+01 -31.182088
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM-S6)                               -1.379e+01 -29.182088
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM-S6)                          4.830e+01  43.737533
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM-S6)                         -1.179e+01 -22.913277
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM-S6)                      -1.791e+00 -23.314199
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM-S6)                      -1.779e+01 -33.182088
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM-S6)                         8.209e+00  -7.182088
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM-S6)                        -1.479e+01 -36.314199
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S6)                      -5.013e+00 -12.812424
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM-S6)                         -2.791e+00 -13.913277
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM-S6)                         -8.036e+00 -11.569105
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM-S6)                         -8.586e+00 -11.915227
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM-S6)                         -7.685e+00 -10.965283
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM-S6)                         -1.006e+01 -13.651328
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM-S6)                         -6.542e+00  -9.945025
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM-S6)                         -5.791e+00 -21.182088
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM-S6)       -2.148e+00  -5.516461
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                        -1.133e+01 -14.601844
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                        -1.110e+01 -14.348243
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                        -1.114e+01 -14.417053
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                        -9.166e+00 -12.471712
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM-S6)                          1.209e+00 -20.314199
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                        -8.486e+00 -11.867795
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                        -7.154e+00 -11.113292
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM-S6)                         -9.041e+00 -20.163277
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                        -4.245e+00 -11.434552
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                           -1.584e+01 -19.893362
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                           -1.172e+01 -15.016645
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                           -7.244e+00 -10.498031
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM-S6)                           -1.879e+01 -40.314199
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                           -7.296e+00 -10.574145
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                           -7.166e+00 -12.587184
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM-S6)                             -6.791e+00 -28.314199
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto(AM-S7)                             3.935e+00 -17.456116
## Auto(AM5)-Auto(AM-S7)                               1.414e+01   7.054429
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(AM-S7)                               3.642e+00   0.339951
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(AM-S7)                              -6.163e+00  -9.668577
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S7)                             5.018e+00   1.824977
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM-S7)                             1.160e+01   6.461452
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM-S7)                             3.474e+00  -2.826345
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM-S7)                               -8.065e+00 -23.270907
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM-S7)                               -6.065e+00 -21.270907
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM-S7)                          5.603e+01  52.133134
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM-S7)                         -4.065e+00 -14.929653
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM-S7)                       5.935e+00 -15.456116
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM-S7)                      -1.006e+01 -25.270907
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM-S7)                         1.594e+01   0.729093
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM-S7)                        -7.065e+00 -28.456116
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S7)                       2.713e+00  -4.714504
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM-S7)                          4.935e+00  -5.929653
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM-S7)                         -3.102e-01  -2.921628
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM-S7)                         -8.599e-01  -3.188574
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM-S7)                          4.134e-02  -2.217139
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM-S7)                         -2.335e+00  -5.023485
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM-S7)                          1.184e+00  -1.248981
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM-S7)                          1.935e+00 -13.270907
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM-S7)        5.578e+00   3.193697
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                        -3.605e+00  -5.849102
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                        -3.371e+00  -5.586681
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                        -3.414e+00  -5.667330
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                        -1.440e+00  -3.734835
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM-S7)                          8.935e+00 -12.456116
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                        -7.599e-01  -3.163107
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                         5.718e-01  -2.592450
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM-S7)                         -1.315e+00 -12.179653
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                         3.481e+00  -3.303278
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                           -8.116e+00 -11.394838
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                           -3.995e+00  -6.275211
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                            4.818e-01  -1.737587
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM-S7)                           -1.106e+01 -32.456116
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                            4.304e-01  -1.825060
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                            5.605e-01  -4.311060
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM-S7)                              9.355e-01 -20.456116
## Auto(AM5)-Auto(AM-S8)                               1.020e+01 -12.116041
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(AM-S8)                              -2.933e-01 -21.712224
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(AM-S8)                              -1.010e+01 -31.549568
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S8)                             1.082e+00 -20.319954
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM-S8)                             7.667e+00 -14.111560
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM-S8)                            -4.615e-01 -22.542255
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM-S8)                               -1.200e+01 -38.059522
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM-S8)                               -1.000e+01 -36.059522
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM-S8)                          5.209e+01  30.572967
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM-S8)                         -8.000e+00 -31.788980
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM-S8)                       2.000e+00 -28.090944
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM-S8)                      -1.400e+01 -40.059522
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM-S8)                         1.200e+01 -14.059522
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM-S8)                        -1.100e+01 -41.090944
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S8)                      -1.222e+00 -23.650688
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM-S8)                          1.000e+00 -22.788980
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM-S8)                         -4.246e+00 -25.569008
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM-S8)                         -4.795e+00 -26.085887
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM-S8)                         -3.894e+00 -25.177119
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM-S8)                         -6.271e+00 -27.603682
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM-S8)                         -2.751e+00 -24.053400
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM-S8)                         -2.000e+00 -28.059522
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM-S8)        1.643e+00 -19.654106
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                        -7.541e+00 -28.822230
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                        -7.306e+00 -28.584784
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                        -7.349e+00 -28.631838
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                        -5.375e+00 -26.662212
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM-S8)                          5.000e+00 -25.090944
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                        -4.695e+00 -25.994211
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                        -3.364e+00 -24.761700
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM-S8)                         -5.250e+00 -29.038980
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                        -4.545e-01 -22.678180
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                           -1.205e+01 -33.467179
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                           -7.931e+00 -29.215842
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                           -3.454e+00 -24.732542
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM-S8)                           -1.500e+01 -45.090944
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                           -3.505e+00 -24.787737
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                           -3.375e+00 -25.091268
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM-S8)                             -3.000e+00 -33.090944
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(AM5)                                -1.049e+01 -17.656411
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(AM5)                                -2.030e+01 -27.557499
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM5)                              -9.118e+00 -16.230980
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM5)                              -2.533e+00 -10.708413
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM5)                              -1.066e+01 -19.611333
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM5)                                 -2.220e+01 -38.681489
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM5)                                 -2.020e+01 -36.681489
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM5)                            4.189e+01  34.436875
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM5)                           -1.820e+01 -30.787945
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM5)                        -8.200e+00 -30.516041
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM5)                        -2.420e+01 -40.681489
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM5)                           1.800e+00 -14.681489
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM5)                          -2.120e+01 -43.516041
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM5)                        -1.142e+01 -21.198564
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM5)                           -9.200e+00 -21.787945
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM5)                           -1.445e+01 -21.317711
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM5)                           -1.500e+01 -21.764986
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM5)                           -1.409e+01 -20.839947
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM5)                           -1.647e+01 -23.372371
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM5)                           -1.295e+01 -19.757492
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM5)                           -1.220e+01 -28.681489
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM5)         -8.557e+00 -15.346396
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM5)                          -1.774e+01 -24.481706
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM5)                          -1.751e+01 -24.237948
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM5)                          -1.755e+01 -24.293509
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM5)                          -1.558e+01 -22.333446
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM5)                           -5.200e+00 -27.516041
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM5)                          -1.490e+01 -21.691016
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM5)                          -1.356e+01 -20.664195
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM5)                           -1.545e+01 -28.037945
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM5)                          -1.065e+01 -19.951359
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM5)                             -2.225e+01 -29.404073
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM5)                             -1.813e+01 -24.883643
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM5)                             -1.365e+01 -20.386497
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM5)                             -2.520e+01 -47.516041
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM5)                             -1.371e+01 -20.449876
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM5)                             -1.358e+01 -21.583564
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM5)                               -1.320e+01 -35.516041
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(AM6)                                -9.805e+00 -13.473580
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM6)                               1.376e+00  -1.995174
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM6)                               7.960e+00   2.706894
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM6)                              -1.682e-01  -6.560545
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM6)                                 -1.171e+01 -26.951425
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM6)                                 -9.707e+00 -24.951425
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM6)                            5.238e+01  48.343722
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM6)                           -7.707e+00 -18.625437
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM6)                         2.293e+00 -19.125558
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM6)                        -1.371e+01 -28.951425
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM6)                           1.229e+01  -2.951425
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM6)                          -1.071e+01 -32.125558
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM6)                        -9.289e-01  -8.434889
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM6)                            1.293e+00  -9.625437
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM6)                           -3.952e+00  -6.778638
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM6)                           -4.502e+00  -7.069353
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM6)                           -3.601e+00  -6.104622
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM6)                           -5.978e+00  -8.874812
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM6)                           -2.458e+00  -5.120403
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM6)                           -1.707e+00 -16.951425
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM6)          1.936e+00  -0.682013
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM6)                          -7.247e+00  -9.738033
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM6)                          -7.013e+00  -9.478406
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM6)                          -7.056e+00  -9.555309
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM6)                          -5.082e+00  -7.618790
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM6)                            5.293e+00 -16.125558
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM6)                          -4.402e+00  -7.037150
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM6)                          -3.070e+00  -6.414121
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM6)                           -4.957e+00 -15.875437
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM6)                          -1.612e-01  -7.030996
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM6)                             -1.176e+01 -15.210582
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM6)                             -7.637e+00 -10.160589
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM6)                             -3.160e+00  -5.628957
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM6)                             -1.471e+01 -36.125558
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM6)                             -3.212e+00  -5.712839
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM6)                             -3.082e+00  -8.071685
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM6)                               -2.707e+00 -24.125558
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM7)                               1.118e+01   7.610264
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM7)                               1.777e+01  12.381670
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM7)                               9.637e+00   3.137021
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM7)                                 -1.902e+00 -17.191769
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM7)                                  9.836e-02 -15.191769
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM7)                            6.219e+01  57.980800
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM7)                            2.098e+00  -8.883668
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM7)                         1.210e+01  -9.352847
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM7)                        -3.902e+00 -19.191769
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM7)                           2.210e+01   6.808231
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM7)                          -9.016e-01 -22.352847
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM7)                         8.876e+00   1.278412
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM7)                            1.110e+01   0.116332
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM7)                            5.853e+00   2.791090
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM7)                            5.303e+00   2.478719
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM7)                            6.204e+00   3.437544
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM7)                            3.828e+00   0.700256
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM7)                            7.347e+00   4.436062
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM7)                            8.098e+00  -7.191769
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM7)          1.174e+01   8.870585
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM7)                           2.558e+00  -0.197133
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM7)                           2.792e+00   0.060066
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM7)                           2.749e+00  -0.013579
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM7)                           4.723e+00   1.926474
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM7)                            1.510e+01  -6.352847
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM7)                           5.403e+00   2.516948
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM7)                           6.735e+00   3.189794
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM7)                            4.848e+00  -6.133668
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM7)                           9.644e+00   2.673927
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM7)                             -1.954e+00  -5.600708
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM7)                              2.168e+00  -0.616578
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM7)                              6.645e+00   3.909823
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM7)                             -4.902e+00 -26.352847
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM7)                              6.593e+00   3.829068
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM7)                              6.723e+00   1.596403
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM7)                                7.098e+00 -14.352847
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AV-S6)                             6.584e+00   1.399244
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AV-S6)                            -1.544e+00  -7.880439
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AV-S6)                               -1.308e+01 -28.303801
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AV-S6)                               -1.108e+01 -26.303801
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AV-S6)                          5.101e+01  47.056893
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AV-S6)                         -9.082e+00 -19.968554
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AV-S6)                       9.176e-01 -20.484659
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AV-S6)                      -1.508e+01 -30.303801
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AV-S6)                         1.092e+01  -4.303801
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AV-S6)                        -1.208e+01 -33.484659
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AV-S6)                      -2.305e+00  -9.763119
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AV-S6)                         -8.235e-02 -10.968554
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AV-S6)                         -5.328e+00  -8.025763
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AV-S6)                         -5.878e+00  -8.302791
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AV-S6)                         -4.976e+00  -7.334229
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AV-S6)                         -7.353e+00 -10.125233
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AV-S6)                         -3.834e+00  -6.359210
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AV-S6)                         -3.082e+00 -18.303801
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AV-S6)        5.602e-01  -1.918356
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                        -8.623e+00 -10.966815
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                        -8.389e+00 -10.705597
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                        -8.432e+00 -10.784633
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                        -6.458e+00  -8.850411
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AV-S6)                          3.918e+00 -17.484659
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                        -5.778e+00  -8.274450
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                        -4.446e+00  -7.681874
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AV-S6)                         -6.332e+00 -17.218554
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                        -1.537e+00  -8.354798
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                           -1.313e+01 -16.481823
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                           -9.013e+00 -11.391397
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                           -4.536e+00  -6.856349
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AV-S6)                           -1.608e+01 -37.484659
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                           -4.587e+00  -6.942277
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                           -4.457e+00  -9.375698
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AV-S6)                             -4.082e+00 -25.484659
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AV-S7)                            -8.128e+00 -15.637151
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AV-S7)                               -1.967e+01 -35.412298
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AV-S7)                               -1.767e+01 -33.412298
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AV-S7)                          4.442e+01  38.780834
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AV-S7)                         -1.567e+01 -27.274500
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AV-S7)                      -5.667e+00 -27.444893
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AV-S7)                      -2.167e+01 -37.412298
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AV-S7)                         4.333e+00 -11.412298
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AV-S7)                        -1.867e+01 -40.444893
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AV-S7)                      -8.889e+00 -17.366052
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AV-S7)                         -6.667e+00 -18.274500
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AV-S7)                         -1.191e+01 -16.761080
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AV-S7)                         -1.246e+01 -17.164510
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AV-S7)                         -1.156e+01 -16.228928
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AV-S7)                         -1.394e+01 -18.827967
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AV-S7)                         -1.042e+01 -15.172990
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AV-S7)                         -9.667e+00 -25.412298
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AV-S7)       -6.024e+00 -10.754384
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                        -1.521e+01 -19.868498
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                        -1.497e+01 -19.620610
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                        -1.502e+01 -19.681735
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                        -1.304e+01 -17.727888
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AV-S7)                         -2.667e+00 -24.444893
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                        -1.236e+01 -17.101885
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                        -1.103e+01 -16.197834
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AV-S7)                         -1.292e+01 -24.524500
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                        -8.121e+00 -16.040567
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                           -1.972e+01 -24.956776
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                           -1.560e+01 -20.275858
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                           -1.112e+01 -15.769678
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AV-S7)                           -2.267e+01 -44.444893
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                           -1.117e+01 -15.838407
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                           -1.104e+01 -17.399539
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AV-S7)                             -1.067e+01 -32.444893
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AV-S8)                               -1.154e+01 -27.699891
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AV-S8)                               -9.538e+00 -25.699891
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AV-S8)                          5.255e+01  45.835681
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AV-S8)                         -7.538e+00 -19.704344
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AV-S8)                       2.462e+00 -19.619178
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AV-S8)                      -1.354e+01 -29.699891
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AV-S8)                         1.246e+01  -3.699891
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AV-S8)                        -1.054e+01 -32.619178
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AV-S8)                      -7.607e-01  -9.987231
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AV-S8)                          1.462e+00 -10.704344
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AV-S8)                         -3.784e+00  -9.848556
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AV-S8)                         -4.334e+00 -10.281947
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AV-S8)                         -3.433e+00  -9.353602
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AV-S8)                         -5.809e+00 -11.907127
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AV-S8)                         -2.290e+00  -8.279486
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AV-S8)                         -1.538e+00 -17.699891
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AV-S8)        2.104e+00  -3.866020
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                        -7.079e+00 -12.994676
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                        -6.845e+00 -12.749627
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                        -6.888e+00 -12.806927
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                        -4.914e+00 -10.848811
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AV-S8)                          5.462e+00 -16.619178
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                        -4.234e+00 -10.211549
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                        -2.902e+00  -9.224302
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AV-S8)                         -4.788e+00 -16.954344
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                         6.993e-03  -8.709834
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                           -1.159e+01 -17.970474
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                           -7.469e+00 -13.398310
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                           -2.992e+00  -8.898338
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AV-S8)                           -1.454e+01 -36.619178
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                           -3.044e+00  -8.963390
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                           -2.913e+00 -10.240768
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AV-S8)                             -2.538e+00 -24.619178
## Auto(L4)-Auto(L3)                                   2.000e+00 -19.277511
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(L3)                             6.409e+01  48.707294
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(L3)                             4.000e+00 -14.426865
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(L3)                          1.400e+01 -12.059522
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(L3)                         -2.000e+00 -23.277511
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(L3)                            2.400e+01   2.722489
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(L3)                            1.000e+00 -25.059522
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(L3)                          1.078e+01  -5.855617
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(L3)                             1.300e+01  -5.426865
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(L3)                             7.754e+00  -7.355874
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(L3)                             7.205e+00  -7.859242
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(L3)                             8.106e+00  -6.947343
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(L3)                             5.729e+00  -9.394464
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(L3)                             9.249e+00  -5.831584
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(L3)                             1.000e+01 -11.277511
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(L3)           1.364e+01  -1.430006
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(L3)                            4.459e+00 -10.591811
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(L3)                            4.694e+00 -10.353154
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(L3)                            4.651e+00 -10.401840
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(L3)                            6.625e+00  -8.434053
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(L3)                             1.700e+01  -9.059522
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(L3)                            7.305e+00  -7.770984
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(L3)                            8.636e+00  -6.579119
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(L3)                             6.750e+00 -11.676865
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(L3)                            1.155e+01  -4.810698
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(L3)                              -5.195e-02 -15.291563
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(L3)                               4.069e+00 -10.987022
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(L3)                               8.546e+00  -6.501064
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(L3)                              -3.000e+00 -29.059522
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(L3)                               8.495e+00  -6.557829
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(L3)                               8.625e+00  -7.034824
## Manual(M7)-Auto(L3)                                 9.000e+00 -17.059522
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(L4)                             6.209e+01  46.707294
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(L4)                             2.000e+00 -16.426865
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(L4)                          1.200e+01 -14.059522
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(L4)                         -4.000e+00 -25.277511
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(L4)                            2.200e+01   0.722489
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(L4)                           -1.000e+00 -27.059522
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(L4)                          8.778e+00  -7.855617
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(L4)                             1.100e+01  -7.426865
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(L4)                             5.754e+00  -9.355874
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(L4)                             5.205e+00  -9.859242
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(L4)                             6.106e+00  -8.947343
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(L4)                             3.729e+00 -11.394464
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(L4)                             7.249e+00  -7.831584
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(L4)                             8.000e+00 -13.277511
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(L4)           1.164e+01  -3.430006
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(L4)                            2.459e+00 -12.591811
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(L4)                            2.694e+00 -12.353154
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(L4)                            2.651e+00 -12.401840
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(L4)                            4.625e+00 -10.434053
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(L4)                             1.500e+01 -11.059522
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(L4)                            5.305e+00  -9.770984
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(L4)                            6.636e+00  -8.579119
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(L4)                             4.750e+00 -13.676865
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(L4)                            9.545e+00  -6.810698
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(L4)                              -2.052e+00 -17.291563
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(L4)                               2.069e+00 -12.987022
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(L4)                               6.546e+00  -8.501064
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(L4)                              -5.000e+00 -31.059522
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(L4)                               6.495e+00  -8.557829
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(L4)                               6.625e+00  -9.034824
## Manual(M7)-Auto(L4)                                 7.000e+00 -19.059522
## Automatic (A6)-Automatic (A1)                      -6.009e+01 -71.202727
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Automatic (A1)                   -5.009e+01 -71.608851
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Automatic (A1)                   -6.609e+01 -81.474524
## Automatic (AM5)-Automatic (A1)                     -4.009e+01 -55.474524
## Automatic (AM6)-Automatic (A1)                     -6.309e+01 -84.608851
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (A1)                   -5.331e+01 -61.097281
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (A1)                      -5.109e+01 -62.202727
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (A1)                      -5.634e+01 -59.835285
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (A1)                      -5.689e+01 -60.179304
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (A1)                      -5.599e+01 -59.228818
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (A1)                      -5.836e+01 -61.918054
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (A1)                      -5.484e+01 -58.209896
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (A1)                      -5.409e+01 -69.474524
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (A1)    -5.045e+01 -53.780964
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -5.963e+01 -62.865264
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -5.940e+01 -62.611445
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -5.944e+01 -62.680548
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -5.747e+01 -60.735530
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (A1)                      -4.709e+01 -68.608851
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -5.679e+01 -60.132440
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -5.545e+01 -59.383166
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (A1)                      -5.734e+01 -68.452727
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -5.255e+01 -59.718102
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (A1)                        -6.414e+01 -68.163929
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (A1)                        -6.002e+01 -63.280348
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (A1)                        -5.554e+01 -58.761260
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (A1)                        -6.709e+01 -88.608851
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (A1)                        -5.560e+01 -58.837656
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (A1)                        -5.547e+01 -60.865282
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (A1)                          -5.509e+01 -76.608851
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Automatic (A6)                    1.000e+01 -13.788980
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Automatic (A6)                   -6.000e+00 -24.426865
## Automatic (AM5)-Automatic (A6)                      2.000e+01   1.573135
## Automatic (AM6)-Automatic (A6)                     -3.000e+00 -26.788980
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (A6)                    6.778e+00  -6.008415
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (A6)                       9.000e+00  -6.045472
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (A6)                       3.754e+00  -6.975766
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (A6)                       3.205e+00  -7.460142
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (A6)                       4.106e+00  -6.543825
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (A6)                       1.729e+00  -9.019838
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (A6)                       5.249e+00  -5.439286
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (A6)                       6.000e+00 -12.426865
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (A6)     9.643e+00  -1.034494
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (A6)                      4.592e-01 -10.187384
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (A6)                      6.937e-01  -9.947016
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (A6)                      6.506e-01  -9.998008
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (A6)                      2.625e+00  -8.032816
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (A6)                       1.300e+01 -10.788980
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (A6)                      3.305e+00  -7.376701
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (A6)                      4.636e+00  -6.241495
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (A6)                       2.750e+00 -12.295472
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (A6)                      7.545e+00  -4.877935
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (A6)                        -4.052e+00 -14.963536
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (A6)                         6.944e-02 -10.584853
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (A6)                         4.546e+00  -6.095140
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (A6)                        -7.000e+00 -30.788980
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (A6)                         4.495e+00  -6.154124
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (A6)                         4.625e+00  -6.866169
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (A6)                           5.000e+00 -18.788980
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Automatic (AM-S6)                -1.600e+01 -42.059522
## Automatic (AM5)-Automatic (AM-S6)                   1.000e+01 -16.059522
## Automatic (AM6)-Automatic (AM-S6)                  -1.300e+01 -43.090944
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (AM-S6)                -3.222e+00 -25.650688
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (AM-S6)                   -1.000e+00 -24.788980
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AM-S6)                   -6.246e+00 -27.569008
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AM-S6)                   -6.795e+00 -28.085887
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AM-S6)                   -5.894e+00 -27.177119
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AM-S6)                   -8.271e+00 -29.603682
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AM-S6)                   -4.751e+00 -26.053400
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AM-S6)                   -4.000e+00 -30.059522
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AM-S6) -3.574e-01 -21.654106
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                  -9.541e+00 -30.822230
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                  -9.306e+00 -30.584784
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                  -9.349e+00 -30.631838
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                  -7.375e+00 -28.662212
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                    3.000e+00 -27.090944
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                  -6.695e+00 -27.994211
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                  -5.364e+00 -26.761700
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                   -7.250e+00 -31.038980
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                  -2.455e+00 -24.678180
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                     -1.405e+01 -35.467179
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                     -9.931e+00 -31.215842
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                     -5.454e+00 -26.732542
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                     -1.700e+01 -47.090944
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                     -5.505e+00 -26.787737
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                     -5.375e+00 -27.091268
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AM-S6)                       -5.000e+00 -35.090944
## Automatic (AM5)-Automatic (AM-S7)                   2.600e+01   4.722489
## Automatic (AM6)-Automatic (AM-S7)                   3.000e+00 -23.059522
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (AM-S7)                 1.278e+01  -3.855617
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    1.500e+01  -3.426865
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    9.754e+00  -5.355874
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    9.205e+00  -5.859242
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    1.011e+01  -4.947343
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    7.729e+00  -7.394464
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    1.125e+01  -3.831584
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    1.200e+01  -9.277511
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AM-S7)  1.564e+01   0.569994
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   6.459e+00  -8.591811
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   6.694e+00  -8.353154
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   6.651e+00  -8.401840
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   8.625e+00  -6.434053
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                    1.900e+01  -7.059522
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   9.305e+00  -5.770984
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   1.064e+01  -4.579119
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                    8.750e+00  -9.676865
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   1.355e+01  -2.810698
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      1.948e+00 -13.291563
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      6.069e+00  -8.987022
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      1.055e+01  -4.501064
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                     -1.000e+00 -27.059522
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      1.049e+01  -4.557829
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      1.062e+01  -5.034824
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AM-S7)                        1.100e+01 -15.059522
## Automatic (AM6)-Automatic (AM5)                    -2.300e+01 -49.059522
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (AM5)                  -1.322e+01 -29.855617
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (AM5)                     -1.100e+01 -29.426865
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AM5)                     -1.625e+01 -31.355874
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AM5)                     -1.680e+01 -31.859242
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AM5)                     -1.589e+01 -30.947343
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AM5)                     -1.827e+01 -33.394464
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AM5)                     -1.475e+01 -29.831584
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AM5)                     -1.400e+01 -35.277511
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AM5)   -1.036e+01 -25.430006
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AM5)                    -1.954e+01 -34.591811
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AM5)                    -1.931e+01 -34.353154
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AM5)                    -1.935e+01 -34.401840
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AM5)                    -1.738e+01 -32.434053
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AM5)                     -7.000e+00 -33.059522
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AM5)                    -1.670e+01 -31.770984
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AM5)                    -1.536e+01 -30.579119
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AM5)                     -1.725e+01 -35.676865
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AM5)                    -1.245e+01 -28.810698
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AM5)                       -2.405e+01 -39.291563
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AM5)                       -1.993e+01 -34.987022
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AM5)                       -1.545e+01 -30.501064
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AM5)                       -2.700e+01 -53.059522
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AM5)                       -1.551e+01 -30.557829
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AM5)                       -1.538e+01 -31.034824
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AM5)                         -1.500e+01 -41.059522
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (AM6)                   9.778e+00 -12.650688
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (AM6)                      1.200e+01 -11.788980
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AM6)                      6.754e+00 -14.569008
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AM6)                      6.205e+00 -15.085887
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AM6)                      7.106e+00 -14.177119
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AM6)                      4.729e+00 -16.603682
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AM6)                      8.249e+00 -13.053400
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AM6)                      9.000e+00 -17.059522
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AM6)    1.264e+01  -8.654106
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     3.459e+00 -17.822230
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     3.694e+00 -17.584784
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     3.651e+00 -17.631838
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     5.625e+00 -15.662212
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AM6)                      1.600e+01 -14.090944
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     6.305e+00 -14.994211
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     7.636e+00 -13.761700
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AM6)                      5.750e+00 -18.038980
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     1.055e+01 -11.678180
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AM6)                       -1.052e+00 -22.467179
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AM6)                        3.069e+00 -18.215842
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AM6)                        7.546e+00 -13.732542
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AM6)                       -4.000e+00 -34.090944
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AM6)                        7.495e+00 -13.787737
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AM6)                        7.625e+00 -14.091268
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AM6)                          8.000e+00 -22.090944
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (AV-S6)                    2.222e+00 -10.563970
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AV-S6)                   -3.023e+00 -10.252232
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AV-S6)                   -3.573e+00 -10.704630
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AV-S6)                   -2.672e+00  -9.780805
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AV-S6)                   -5.049e+00 -12.305442
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AV-S6)                   -1.529e+00  -8.695284
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AV-S6)                   -7.778e-01 -17.411173
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AV-S6)  2.865e+00  -4.285061
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                  -6.319e+00 -13.422814
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                  -6.084e+00 -13.179529
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                  -6.127e+00 -13.234453
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                  -4.153e+00 -11.273676
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                    6.222e+00 -16.206243
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                  -3.473e+00 -10.629347
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                  -2.141e+00  -9.587775
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                   -4.028e+00 -16.813970
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                   7.677e-01  -8.795853
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                     -1.083e+01 -18.325274
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                     -6.708e+00 -13.824129
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                     -2.231e+00  -9.328020
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                     -1.378e+01 -36.206243
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                     -2.283e+00  -9.390785
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                     -2.153e+00 -10.469475
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AV-S6)                       -1.778e+00 -24.206243
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AV)                      -5.246e+00 -15.975766
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AV)                      -5.795e+00 -16.460142
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AV)                      -4.894e+00 -15.543825
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AV)                      -7.271e+00 -18.019838
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AV)                      -3.751e+00 -14.439286
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AV)                      -3.000e+00 -21.426865
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AV)     6.426e-01 -10.034494
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AV)                     -8.541e+00 -19.187384
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AV)                     -8.306e+00 -18.947016
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AV)                     -8.349e+00 -18.998008
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AV)                     -6.375e+00 -17.032816
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AV)                       4.000e+00 -19.788980
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AV)                     -5.695e+00 -16.376701
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AV)                     -4.364e+00 -15.241495
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AV)                      -6.250e+00 -21.295472
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AV)                     -1.455e+00 -13.877935
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AV)                        -1.305e+01 -23.963536
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AV)                        -8.931e+00 -19.584853
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AV)                        -4.454e+00 -15.095140
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AV)                        -1.600e+01 -39.788980
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AV)                        -4.505e+00 -15.154124
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AV)                        -4.375e+00 -15.866169
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AV)                          -4.000e+00 -27.788980
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (S4)                      -5.497e-01  -2.132768
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (S4)                       3.515e-01  -1.126316
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (S4)                      -2.025e+00  -4.101057
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (S4)                       1.495e+00  -0.238765
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (S4)                       2.246e+00 -12.864494
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S4)     5.888e+00   4.224366
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S4)                     -3.295e+00  -4.750413
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S4)                     -3.061e+00  -4.472497
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S4)                     -3.104e+00  -4.573819
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S4)                     -1.130e+00  -2.662715
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S4)                       9.246e+00 -12.077628
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S4)                     -4.497e-01  -2.140474
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S4)                      8.821e-01  -1.781801
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S4)                      -1.004e+00 -11.734387
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S4)                      3.791e+00  -2.774595
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S4)                        -7.806e+00 -10.604664
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S4)                        -3.685e+00  -5.195620
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S4)                         7.920e-01  -0.625397
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S4)                        -1.075e+01 -32.077628
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S4)                         7.406e-01  -0.732639
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S4)                         8.707e-01  -3.691688
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S4)                           1.246e+00 -20.077628
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (S5)                       9.012e-01   0.013808
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (S5)                      -1.475e+00  -3.182183
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (S5)                       2.044e+00   0.776235
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (S5)                       2.795e+00 -12.268556
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S5)     6.438e+00   5.266607
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S5)                     -2.745e+00  -3.594739
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S5)                     -2.511e+00  -3.283504
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S5)                     -2.554e+00  -3.428475
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S5)                     -5.800e-01  -1.556564
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S5)                       9.795e+00 -11.495201
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S5)                      9.995e-02  -1.109220
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S5)                      1.432e+00  -0.955657
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S5)                      -4.547e-01 -11.119456
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S5)                      4.341e+00  -2.117710
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S5)                        -7.257e+00  -9.793229
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S5)                        -3.135e+00  -4.076363
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S5)                         1.342e+00   0.559084
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S5)                        -1.020e+01 -31.495201
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S5)                         1.290e+00   0.410577
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S5)                         1.420e+00  -2.986319
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S5)                           1.795e+00 -19.495201
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (S6)                      -2.377e+00  -3.986235
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (S6)                       1.143e+00   0.009174
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (S6)                       1.894e+00 -13.159060
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S6)     5.537e+00   4.512117
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S6)                     -3.647e+00  -4.278405
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S6)                     -3.412e+00  -3.936243
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S6)                     -3.455e+00  -4.120418
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S6)                     -1.481e+00  -2.275878
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S6)                       8.894e+00 -12.388835
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S6)                     -8.012e-01  -1.868923
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S6)                      5.305e-01  -1.788403
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S6)                      -1.356e+00 -12.005542
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S6)                      3.440e+00  -2.993921
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S6)                        -8.158e+00 -10.630111
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S6)                        -4.036e+00  -4.787142
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S6)                         4.405e-01  -0.098296
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S6)                        -1.111e+01 -32.388835
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S6)                         3.891e-01  -0.283007
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S6)                         5.191e-01  -3.850812
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S6)                           8.941e-01 -20.388835
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (S7)                       3.520e+00   1.672822
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (S7)                       4.271e+00 -10.852798
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S7)     7.913e+00   6.131527
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S7)                     -1.270e+00  -2.858820
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S7)                     -1.035e+00  -2.584650
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S7)                     -1.079e+00  -2.680992
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S7)                      8.955e-01  -0.764878
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S7)                       1.127e+01 -10.062015
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S7)                      1.575e+00  -0.231561
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S7)                      2.907e+00   0.168097
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S7)                       1.021e+00  -9.728171
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S7)                      5.816e+00  -0.780338
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S7)                        -5.781e+00  -8.651241
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S7)                        -1.660e+00  -3.299517
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S7)                         2.817e+00   1.262937
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S7)                        -8.729e+00 -30.062015
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S7)                         2.766e+00   1.160447
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S7)                         2.896e+00  -1.710883
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S7)                           3.271e+00 -18.062015
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (S8)                       7.512e-01 -14.329258
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S8)     4.394e+00   3.026256
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S8)                     -4.790e+00  -5.893871
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S8)                     -4.555e+00  -5.601497
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S8)                     -4.598e+00  -5.721916
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S8)                     -2.624e+00  -3.829053
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S8)                       7.751e+00 -13.551075
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S8)                     -1.944e+00  -3.344280
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S8)                     -6.125e-01  -3.101962
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S8)                      -2.499e+00 -13.186961
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S8)                      2.297e+00  -4.200333
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S8)                        -9.301e+00 -11.933751
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S8)                        -5.179e+00  -6.355748
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S8)                        -7.025e-01  -1.756308
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S8)                        -1.225e+01 -33.551075
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S8)                        -7.539e-01  -1.881700
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S8)                        -6.238e-01  -5.086652
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S8)                          -2.488e-01 -21.551075
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S9)     3.643e+00 -11.430006
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S9)                     -5.541e+00 -20.591811
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S9)                     -5.306e+00 -20.353154
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S9)                     -5.349e+00 -20.401840
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S9)                     -3.375e+00 -18.434053
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S9)                       7.000e+00 -19.059522
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S9)                     -2.695e+00 -17.770984
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S9)                     -1.364e+00 -16.579119
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S9)                      -3.250e+00 -21.676865
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S9)                      1.545e+00 -14.810698
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S9)                        -1.005e+01 -25.291563
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S9)                        -5.931e+00 -20.987022
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S9)                        -1.454e+00 -16.501064
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S9)                        -1.300e+01 -39.059522
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S9)                        -1.505e+00 -16.557829
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S9)                        -1.375e+00 -17.034824
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S9)                          -1.000e+00 -27.059522
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)   -9.183e+00 -10.175201
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)   -8.949e+00  -9.875836
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)   -8.992e+00 -10.005407
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)   -7.018e+00  -8.120694
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)     3.357e+00 -17.939305
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)   -6.338e+00  -7.651187
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)   -5.006e+00  -7.447935
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)    -6.893e+00 -17.569693
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)   -2.097e+00  -8.575933
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)      -1.369e+01 -16.282374
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)      -9.573e+00 -10.644673
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)      -5.096e+00  -6.031596
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)      -1.664e+01 -37.939305
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)      -5.148e+00  -6.165636
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)      -5.018e+00  -9.453933
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (variable gear ratios)        -4.643e+00 -25.939305
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic 3-spd                     2.345e-01  -0.222071
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic 3-spd                     1.914e-01  -0.421971
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic 3-spd                     2.165e+00   1.413595
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic 3-spd                      1.254e+01  -8.740613
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic 3-spd                     2.845e+00   1.809211
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 3-spd                     4.177e+00   1.872583
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 3-spd                      2.291e+00  -8.355766
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 3-spd                     7.086e+00   0.657893
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 3-spd                       -4.511e+00  -6.970019
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 3-spd                       -3.897e-01  -1.095006
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 3-spd                        4.087e+00   3.613781
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 3-spd                       -7.459e+00 -28.740613
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 3-spd                        4.036e+00   3.414863
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 3-spd                        4.166e+00  -0.196564
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 3-spd                          4.541e+00 -16.740613
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic 4-spd                    -4.311e-02  -0.544934
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic 4-spd                     1.931e+00   1.266940
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic 4-spd                      1.231e+01  -8.972213
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic 4-spd                     2.611e+00   1.636568
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 4-spd                     3.943e+00   1.665212
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 4-spd                      2.056e+00  -8.584445
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 4-spd                     6.852e+00   0.433054
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 4-spd                       -4.746e+00  -7.179112
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 4-spd                       -6.243e-01  -1.234989
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 4-spd                        3.853e+00   3.536939
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 4-spd                       -7.694e+00 -28.972213
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 4-spd                        3.801e+00   3.290264
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 4-spd                        3.931e+00  -0.416804
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 4-spd                          4.306e+00 -16.972213
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic 5-spd                     1.974e+00   1.193890
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic 5-spd                      1.235e+01  -8.933042
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic 5-spd                     2.654e+00   1.597090
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 5-spd                     3.986e+00   1.671786
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 5-spd                      2.099e+00  -8.549213
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 5-spd                     6.895e+00   0.463111
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 5-spd                       -4.703e+00  -7.170229
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 5-spd                       -5.812e-01  -1.316506
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 5-spd                        3.896e+00   3.378606
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 5-spd                       -7.651e+00 -28.933042
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 5-spd                        3.844e+00   3.189473
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 5-spd                        3.974e+00  -0.392941
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 5-spd                          4.349e+00 -16.933042
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic 6-spd                      1.038e+01 -10.911551
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic 6-spd                     6.799e-01  -0.462935
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 6-spd                     2.012e+00  -0.342785
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 6-spd                      1.253e-01 -10.532155
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 6-spd                     4.921e+00  -1.525639
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 6-spd                       -6.677e+00  -9.182316
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 6-spd                       -2.555e+00  -3.409525
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 6-spd                        1.922e+00   1.246007
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 6-spd                       -9.625e+00 -30.911551
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 6-spd                        1.870e+00   1.084177
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 6-spd                        2.000e+00  -2.388603
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 6-spd                          2.375e+00 -18.911551
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic 6spd                     -9.695e+00 -30.994211
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 6spd                     -8.364e+00 -29.761700
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 6spd                      -1.025e+01 -34.038980
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 6spd                     -5.455e+00 -27.678180
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 6spd                        -1.705e+01 -38.467179
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 6spd                        -1.293e+01 -34.215842
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 6spd                        -8.454e+00 -29.732542
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 6spd                        -2.000e+01 -50.090944
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 6spd                        -8.505e+00 -29.787737
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 6spd                        -8.375e+00 -30.091268
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 6spd                          -8.000e+00 -38.090944
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 7-spd                     1.332e+00  -1.128320
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 7-spd                     -5.546e-01 -11.235920
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 7-spd                     4.241e+00  -2.244891
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 7-spd                       -7.357e+00  -9.961729
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 7-spd                       -3.235e+00  -4.347920
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 7-spd                        1.242e+00   0.259423
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 7-spd                       -1.030e+01 -31.603429
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 7-spd                        1.190e+00   0.129034
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 7-spd                        1.320e+00  -3.126083
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 7-spd                          1.695e+00 -19.603429
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 8-spd                     -1.886e+00 -12.764222
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 8-spd                     2.909e+00  -3.895480
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 8-spd                       -8.688e+00 -12.008602
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 8-spd                       -4.567e+00  -6.906926
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 8-spd                       -9.004e-02  -2.370897
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 8-spd                       -1.164e+01 -33.034428
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 8-spd                       -1.414e-01  -2.457413
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 8-spd                       -1.136e-02  -4.911215
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 8-spd                          3.636e-01 -21.034428
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 8spd                      4.795e+00  -7.627935
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 8spd                        -6.802e+00 -17.713536
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 8spd                        -2.681e+00 -13.334853
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 8spd                         1.796e+00  -8.845140
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 8spd                        -9.750e+00 -33.538980
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 8spd                         1.745e+00  -8.904124
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 8spd                         1.875e+00  -9.616169
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 8spd                           2.250e+00 -21.538980
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 9-spd                       -1.160e+01 -18.455765
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 9-spd                       -7.476e+00 -13.917162
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 9-spd                       -2.999e+00  -9.419032
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 9-spd                       -1.455e+01 -36.769090
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 9-spd                       -3.051e+00  -9.482993
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 9-spd                       -2.920e+00 -10.667799
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 9-spd                         -2.545e+00 -24.769090
## Manual 4-spd-Manual 3-spd                           4.121e+00   1.629288
## Manual 5-spd-Manual 3-spd                           8.598e+00   6.161622
## Manual 5 spd-Manual 3-spd                          -2.948e+00 -24.363282
## Manual 6-spd-Manual 3-spd                           8.547e+00   6.077319
## Manual 7-spd-Manual 3-spd                           8.677e+00   3.702665
## Manual(M7)-Manual 3-spd                             9.052e+00 -12.363282
## Manual 5-spd-Manual 4-spd                           4.477e+00   3.853533
## Manual 5 spd-Manual 4-spd                          -7.069e+00 -28.354730
## Manual 6-spd-Manual 4-spd                           4.425e+00   3.683874
## Manual 7-spd-Manual 4-spd                           4.556e+00   0.174369
## Manual(M7)-Manual 4-spd                             4.931e+00 -16.354730
## Manual 5 spd-Manual 5-spd                          -1.155e+01 -32.825187
## Manual 6-spd-Manual 5-spd                          -5.140e-02  -0.577371
## Manual 7-spd-Manual 5-spd                           7.868e-02  -4.271203
## Manual(M7)-Manual 5-spd                             4.537e-01 -20.825187
## Manual 6-spd-Manual 5 spd                           1.149e+01  -9.787737
## Manual 7-spd-Manual 5 spd                           1.162e+01 -10.091268
## Manual(M7)-Manual 5 spd                             1.200e+01 -18.090944
## Manual 7-spd-Manual 6-spd                           1.301e-01  -4.238316
## Manual(M7)-Manual 6-spd                             5.051e-01 -20.777577
## Manual(M7)-Manual 7-spd                             3.750e-01 -21.341268
##                                                          upr  p adj
## Auto (AV-S6)-                                        2.69321 0.2190
## Auto (AV-S8)-                                       -0.30679 0.0412
## Auto (AV)-                                          11.94635 1.0000
## Auto(A1)-                                           -1.30679 0.0211
## Auto(A8)-                                            1.69321 0.1332
## Auto(AM-S6)-                                        -3.89161 0.0000
## Auto(AM-S7)-                                       -11.97086 0.0000
## Auto(AM-S8)-                                         6.69321 0.7778
## Auto(AM5)-                                           4.41781 0.9891
## Auto(AM6)-                                          -8.25455 0.0000
## Auto(AM7)-                                         -17.97252 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-                                        -6.92386 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S7)-                                         0.63193 0.1277
## Auto(AV-S8)-                                        -6.77531 0.0000
## Auto(L3)-                                          -11.05365 0.0000
## Auto(L4)-                                           -9.05365 0.0000
## Automatic (A1)-                                     44.39399 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-                                    -10.84524 0.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-                                   8.69321 0.9542
## Automatic (AM-S7)-                                 -13.05365 0.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-                                    12.94635 1.0000
## Automatic (AM6)-                                    -4.30679 0.0022
## Automatic (AV-S6)-                                  -6.75821 0.0000
## Automatic (AV)-                                     -1.84524 0.0052
## Automatic (S4)-                                    -12.46935 0.0000
## Automatic (S5)-                                    -13.11082 0.0000
## Automatic (S6)-                                    -12.23096 0.0000
## Automatic (S7)-                                    -14.46797 0.0000
## Automatic (S8)-                                    -11.03377 0.0000
## Automatic (S9)-                                     -1.05365 0.0196
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-                   -6.65554 0.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-                                   -15.88202 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-                                   -15.65576 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-                                   -15.68773 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-                                   -13.70113 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-                                     11.69321 0.9996
## Automatic 7-spd-                                   -12.98759 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-                                   -11.38139 0.0000
## Automatic 8spd-                                     -8.09524 0.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-                                    -6.44273 0.0000
## Manual 3-spd-                                      -20.02308 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-                                      -16.26086 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-                                      -11.80211 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-                                       -8.30679 0.0001
## Manual 6-spd-                                      -11.84280 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-                                      -10.56349 0.0000
## Manual(M7)-                                          3.69321 0.3363
## Auto (AV-S8)-Auto (AV-S6)                           27.09094 1.0000
## Auto (AV)-Auto (AV-S6)                              41.05952 0.9836
## Auto(A1)-Auto (AV-S6)                               26.09094 1.0000
## Auto(A8)-Auto (AV-S6)                               29.09094 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S6)-Auto (AV-S6)                            29.31420 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto (AV-S6)                            21.45612 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto (AV-S6)                            34.09094 1.0000
## Auto(AM5)-Auto (AV-S6)                              36.51604 0.9268
## Auto(AM6)-Auto (AV-S6)                              25.12556 1.0000
## Auto(AM7)-Auto (AV-S6)                              15.35285 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto (AV-S6)                            26.48466 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto (AV-S6)                            33.44489 0.9956
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto (AV-S6)                            25.61918 1.0000
## Auto(L3)-Auto (AV-S6)                               18.05952 1.0000
## Auto(L4)-Auto (AV-S6)                               20.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (A1)-Auto (AV-S6)                         77.60885 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto (AV-S6)                         19.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto (AV-S6)                      36.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto (AV-S6)                      16.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto (AV-S6)                        42.05952 0.9551
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto (AV-S6)                        23.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto (AV-S6)                      25.20624 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Auto (AV-S6)                         28.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Auto (AV-S6)                         21.07763 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto (AV-S6)                         20.49520 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto (AV-S6)                         21.38884 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto (AV-S6)                         19.06202 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto (AV-S6)                         22.55107 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto (AV-S6)                         28.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto (AV-S6)       26.93930 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                        17.74061 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                        17.97221 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                        17.93304 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                        19.91155 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto (AV-S6)                         39.09094 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                        20.60343 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                        22.03443 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto (AV-S6)                         22.53898 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                        25.76909 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                           13.36328 1.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                           17.35473 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                           21.82519 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto (AV-S6)                           19.09094 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                           21.77758 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto (AV-S6)                           22.34127 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Auto (AV-S6)                             31.09094 1.0000
## Auto (AV)-Auto (AV-S8)                              44.05952 0.8132
## Auto(A1)-Auto (AV-S8)                               29.09094 1.0000
## Auto(A8)-Auto (AV-S8)                               32.09094 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S6)-Auto (AV-S8)                            32.31420 0.9989
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto (AV-S8)                            24.45612 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto (AV-S8)                            37.09094 1.0000
## Auto(AM5)-Auto (AV-S8)                              39.51604 0.5546
## Auto(AM6)-Auto (AV-S8)                              28.12556 1.0000
## Auto(AM7)-Auto (AV-S8)                              18.35285 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto (AV-S8)                            29.48466 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto (AV-S8)                            36.44489 0.8562
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto (AV-S8)                            28.61918 1.0000
## Auto(L3)-Auto (AV-S8)                               21.05952 1.0000
## Auto(L4)-Auto (AV-S8)                               23.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (A1)-Auto (AV-S8)                         80.60885 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto (AV-S8)                         22.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto (AV-S8)                      39.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto (AV-S8)                      19.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto (AV-S8)                        45.05952 0.6980
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto (AV-S8)                        26.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto (AV-S8)                      28.20624 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Auto (AV-S8)                         31.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Auto (AV-S8)                         24.07763 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto (AV-S8)                         23.49520 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto (AV-S8)                         24.38884 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto (AV-S8)                         22.06202 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto (AV-S8)                         25.55107 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto (AV-S8)                         31.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto (AV-S8)       29.93930 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        20.74061 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        20.97221 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        20.93304 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        22.91155 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto (AV-S8)                         42.09094 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        23.60343 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        25.03443 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto (AV-S8)                         25.53898 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                        28.76909 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                           16.36328 1.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                           20.35473 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                           24.82519 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto (AV-S8)                           22.09094 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                           24.77758 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto (AV-S8)                           25.34127 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Auto (AV-S8)                             34.09094 1.0000
## Auto(A1)-Auto (AV)                                   7.05952 0.6980
## Auto(A8)-Auto (AV)                                  10.05952 0.9551
## Auto(AM-S6)-Auto (AV)                                8.18209 0.9998
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto (AV)                                0.27091 0.0640
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto (AV)                               15.05952 1.0000
## Auto(AM5)-Auto (AV)                                 15.68149 1.0000
## Auto(AM6)-Auto (AV)                                  3.95143 0.6588
## Auto(AM7)-Auto (AV)                                 -5.80823 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto (AV)                                5.30380 0.9015
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto (AV)                               12.41230 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto (AV)                                4.69989 0.7607
## Auto(L3)-Auto (AV)                                  -1.72249 0.0146
## Auto(L4)-Auto (AV)                                   0.27751 0.0600
## Automatic (A1)-Auto (AV)                            56.47452 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto (AV)                            -0.57314 0.0318
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto (AV)                         17.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto (AV)                         -3.72249 0.0029
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto (AV)                           22.27751 1.0000
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto (AV)                            4.05952 0.3133
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto (AV)                          4.41117 0.6791
## Automatic (AV)-Auto (AV)                             8.42686 0.9944
## Automatic (S4)-Auto (AV)                            -0.13551 0.0440
## Automatic (S5)-Auto (AV)                            -0.73144 0.0244
## Automatic (S6)-Auto (AV)                             0.15906 0.0580
## Automatic (S7)-Auto (AV)                            -2.14720 0.0052
## Automatic (S8)-Auto (AV)                             1.32926 0.1554
## Automatic (S9)-Auto (AV)                             8.27751 0.9582
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto (AV)           5.71520 0.9475
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto (AV)                           -3.48981 0.0010
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto (AV)                           -3.25942 0.0013
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto (AV)                           -3.29696 0.0013
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto (AV)                           -1.31661 0.0132
## Automatic 6spd-Auto (AV)                            20.05952 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto (AV)                           -0.61980 0.0273
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto (AV)                            0.85185 0.1056
## Automatic 8spd-Auto (AV)                             2.17686 0.2162
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto (AV)                            4.90161 0.7867
## Manual 3-spd-Auto (AV)                              -7.81233 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto (AV)                              -3.87409 0.0006
## Manual 5-spd-Auto (AV)                               0.59371 0.0855
## Manual 5 spd-Auto (AV)                               0.05952 0.0516
## Manual 6-spd-Auto (AV)                               0.54767 0.0821
## Manual 7-spd-Auto (AV)                               1.28482 0.1448
## Manual(M7)-Auto (AV)                                12.05952 0.9954
## Auto(A8)-Auto(A1)                                   33.09094 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S6)-Auto(A1)                                33.31420 0.9932
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto(A1)                                25.45612 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto(A1)                                38.09094 1.0000
## Auto(AM5)-Auto(A1)                                  40.51604 0.4013
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(A1)                                  29.12556 1.0000
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(A1)                                  19.35285 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(A1)                                30.48466 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(A1)                                37.44489 0.7293
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(A1)                                29.61918 1.0000
## Auto(L3)-Auto(A1)                                   22.05952 1.0000
## Auto(L4)-Auto(A1)                                   24.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(A1)                             81.60885 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(A1)                             23.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(A1)                          40.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(A1)                          20.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(A1)                            46.05952 0.5661
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(A1)                            27.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(A1)                          29.20624 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(A1)                             32.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(A1)                             25.07763 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(A1)                             24.49520 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(A1)                             25.38884 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(A1)                             23.06202 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(A1)                             26.55107 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(A1)                             32.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(A1)           30.93930 0.9999
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(A1)                            21.74061 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(A1)                            21.97221 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(A1)                            21.93304 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(A1)                            23.91155 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(A1)                             43.09094 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(A1)                            24.60343 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(A1)                            26.03443 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(A1)                             26.53898 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(A1)                            29.76909 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(A1)                               17.36328 1.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(A1)                               21.35473 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(A1)                               25.82519 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(A1)                               23.09094 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(A1)                               25.77758 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(A1)                               26.34127 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Auto(A1)                                 35.09094 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S6)-Auto(A8)                                30.31420 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto(A8)                                22.45612 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto(A8)                                35.09094 1.0000
## Auto(AM5)-Auto(A8)                                  37.51604 0.8379
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(A8)                                  26.12556 1.0000
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(A8)                                  16.35285 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(A8)                                27.48466 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(A8)                                34.44489 0.9805
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(A8)                                26.61918 1.0000
## Auto(L3)-Auto(A8)                                   19.05952 1.0000
## Auto(L4)-Auto(A8)                                   21.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(A8)                             78.60885 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(A8)                             20.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(A8)                          37.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(A8)                          17.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(A8)                            43.05952 0.9001
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(A8)                            24.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(A8)                          26.20624 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(A8)                             29.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(A8)                             22.07763 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(A8)                             21.49520 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(A8)                             22.38884 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(A8)                             20.06202 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(A8)                             23.55107 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(A8)                             29.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(A8)           27.93930 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(A8)                            18.74061 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(A8)                            18.97221 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(A8)                            18.93304 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(A8)                            20.91155 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(A8)                             40.09094 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(A8)                            21.60343 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(A8)                            23.03443 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(A8)                             23.53898 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(A8)                            26.76909 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(A8)                               14.36328 1.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(A8)                               18.35473 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(A8)                               22.82519 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(A8)                               20.09094 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(A8)                               22.77758 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(A8)                               23.34127 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Auto(A8)                                 32.09094 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S7)-Auto(AM-S6)                             -3.80231 0.0000
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto(AM-S6)                             17.73280 1.0000
## Auto(AM5)-Auto(AM-S6)                               13.87937 0.2751
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(AM-S6)                               -0.01401 0.0476
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(AM-S6)                               -9.65225 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S6)                              1.27348 0.8402
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM-S6)                              9.54054 0.8301
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM-S6)                              2.48232 0.9339
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM-S6)                                -0.39931 0.0343
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM-S6)                                 1.60069 0.1857
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM-S6)                          52.86289 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM-S6)                          -0.66812 0.0204
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM-S6)                       19.73280 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM-S6)                       -2.39931 0.0041
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM-S6)                         23.60069 0.9960
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM-S6)                          6.73280 0.8225
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S6)                        2.78658 0.9168
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM-S6)                           8.33188 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM-S6)                          -4.50367 0.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM-S6)                          -5.25685 0.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM-S6)                          -4.40440 0.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM-S6)                          -6.47173 0.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM-S6)                          -3.13870 0.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM-S6)                           9.60069 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM-S6)         1.22026 0.9247
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                         -8.06117 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                         -7.84572 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                         -7.86314 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                         -5.86034 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM-S6)                          22.73280 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                         -5.10438 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                         -3.19538 0.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM-S6)                           2.08188 0.4102
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                          2.94407 0.9751
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                           -11.79193 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                            -8.42586 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                            -3.99072 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM-S6)                             2.73280 0.2370
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                            -4.01741 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM-S6)                            -1.74421 0.0002
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM-S6)                              14.73280 1.0000
## Auto(AM-S8)-Auto(AM-S7)                             25.32708 1.0000
## Auto(AM5)-Auto(AM-S7)                               21.21654 0.0000
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(AM-S7)                                6.94435 0.0102
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(AM-S7)                               -2.65718 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S7)                              8.21070 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM-S7)                             16.74285 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM-S7)                              9.77424 0.9924
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM-S7)                                 7.14187 0.9964
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM-S7)                                 9.14187 1.0000
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM-S7)                          59.91965 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM-S7)                           6.80062 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM-S7)                       27.32708 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM-S7)                        5.14187 0.8815
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM-S7)                         31.14187 0.0246
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM-S7)                         14.32708 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S7)                       10.14103 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM-S7)                          15.80062 0.9999
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM-S7)                           2.30122 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM-S7)                           1.46885 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM-S7)                           2.29982 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM-S7)                           0.35279 0.2474
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM-S7)                           3.61762 0.9994
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM-S7)                          17.14187 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM-S7)         7.96247 0.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                         -1.36155 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                         -1.15492 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                         -1.16050 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                          0.85514 0.9393
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM-S7)                          30.32708 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                          1.64329 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                          3.73614 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM-S7)                           9.55062 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                         10.26515 0.9982
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                            -4.83809 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                            -1.71493 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                             2.70120 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM-S7)                            10.32708 0.9978
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                             2.68587 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM-S7)                             5.43203 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM-S7)                              22.32708 1.0000
## Auto(AM5)-Auto(AM-S8)                               32.51604 0.9999
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(AM-S8)                               21.12556 1.0000
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(AM-S8)                               11.35285 0.9997
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S8)                             22.48466 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM-S8)                             29.44489 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM-S8)                             21.61918 1.0000
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM-S8)                                14.05952 0.9999
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM-S8)                                16.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM-S8)                          73.60885 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM-S8)                          15.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM-S8)                       32.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM-S8)                       12.05952 0.9954
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM-S8)                         38.05952 0.9999
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM-S8)                         19.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM-S8)                       21.20624 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM-S8)                          24.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM-S8)                          17.07763 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM-S8)                          16.49520 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM-S8)                          17.38884 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM-S8)                          15.06202 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM-S8)                          18.55107 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM-S8)                          24.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM-S8)        22.93930 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                         13.74061 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                         13.97221 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                         13.93304 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                         15.91155 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM-S8)                          35.09094 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                         16.60343 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                         18.03443 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM-S8)                          18.53898 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                         21.76909 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                             9.36328 0.9889
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                            13.35473 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                            17.82519 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM-S8)                            15.09094 0.9990
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                            17.77758 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM-S8)                            18.34127 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM-S8)                              27.09094 1.0000
## Auto(AM6)-Auto(AM5)                                 -3.33026 0.0000
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(AM5)                                -13.03922 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM5)                               -2.00431 0.0004
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM5)                                5.64175 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM5)                               -1.71174 0.0021
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM5)                                  -5.71851 0.0001
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM5)                                  -3.71851 0.0011
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM5)                            49.34494 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM5)                            -5.61205 0.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM5)                         14.11604 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM5)                         -7.71851 0.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM5)                           18.28149 1.0000
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM5)                            1.11604 0.0979
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM5)                         -1.64588 0.0033
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM5)                             3.38795 0.6922
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM5)                            -7.57367 0.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM5)                            -8.22570 0.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM5)                            -7.34834 0.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM5)                            -9.56930 0.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM5)                            -6.14483 0.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM5)                             4.28149 0.6608
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM5)          -1.76841 0.0006
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM5)                          -10.99991 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM5)                          -10.77462 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM5)                          -10.80529 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM5)                           -8.81721 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM5)                            17.11604 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM5)                           -8.09977 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM5)                           -6.46308 0.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM5)                            -2.86205 0.0011
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM5)                           -1.35773 0.0049
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM5)                             -15.09982 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM5)                             -11.37747 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM5)                              -6.92086 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM5)                              -2.88396 0.0065
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM5)                              -6.96028 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM5)                              -5.56644 0.0000
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM5)                                 9.11604 0.9745
## Auto(AM7)-Auto(AM6)                                 -6.13647 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM6)                                4.74655 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM6)                               13.21311 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM6)                                6.22413 1.0000
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM6)                                   3.53809 0.5646
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM6)                                   5.53809 0.9262
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM6)                            56.42476 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM6)                             3.21210 0.7708
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM6)                         23.71222 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM6)                          1.53809 0.1795
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM6)                           27.53809 0.4314
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM6)                           10.71222 0.9990
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM6)                          6.57711 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM6)                            12.21210 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM6)                            -1.12608 0.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM6)                            -1.93467 0.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM6)                            -1.09700 0.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM6)                            -3.08019 0.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM6)                             0.20474 0.1362
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM6)                            13.53809 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM6)           4.55388 0.6633
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM6)                           -4.75692 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM6)                           -4.54750 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM6)                           -4.55682 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM6)                           -2.54520 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM6)                            26.71222 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM6)                           -1.76696 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM6)                            0.27352 0.1443
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM6)                             5.96210 0.9999
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM6)                            6.70857 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM6)                              -8.30665 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM6)                              -5.11386 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM6)                              -0.69173 0.0004
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM6)                               6.71222 0.8240
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM6)                              -0.71065 0.0003
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM6)                               1.90835 0.9512
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM6)                                18.71222 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S6)-Auto(AM7)                               14.75116 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AM7)                               23.14838 0.0000
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AM7)                               16.13662 0.0000
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AM7)                                  13.38849 1.0000
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AM7)                                  15.38849 1.0000
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AM7)                            66.39774 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AM7)                            13.08039 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AM7)                         33.54957 0.9885
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AM7)                         11.38849 1.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AM7)                           37.38849 0.0000
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AM7)                           20.54957 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AM7)                         16.47387 0.0033
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AM7)                            22.08039 0.0430
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AM7)                             8.91425 0.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AM7)                             8.12732 0.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AM7)                             8.97089 0.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AM7)                             6.95480 0.0011
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AM7)                            10.25833 0.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AM7)                            23.38849 0.9965
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AM7)          14.61133 0.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AM7)                            5.31224 0.1278
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AM7)                            5.52408 0.0364
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AM7)                            5.51150 0.0536
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AM7)                            7.51959 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AM7)                            36.54957 0.7766
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AM7)                            8.28899 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AM7)                           10.27965 0.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AM7)                            15.83039 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AM7)                           16.61370 0.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AM7)                               1.69353 0.9956
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AM7)                               4.95219 0.5271
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AM7)                               9.37954 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AM7)                              16.54957 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AM7)                               9.35749 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AM7)                              11.85032 0.0002
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AM7)                                28.54957 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S7)-Auto(AV-S6)                             11.76938 0.0005
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AV-S6)                              4.79266 1.0000
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AV-S6)                                 2.13910 0.2712
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AV-S6)                                 4.13910 0.7013
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AV-S6)                          54.96022 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AV-S6)                           1.80385 0.3425
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AV-S6)                       22.31995 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AV-S6)                        0.13910 0.0568
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AV-S6)                         26.13910 0.7360
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AV-S6)                          9.31995 0.9883
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AV-S6)                        5.15397 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AV-S6)                          10.80385 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AV-S6)                          -2.63032 0.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AV-S6)                          -3.45260 0.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AV-S6)                          -2.61876 0.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AV-S6)                          -4.58114 0.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AV-S6)                          -1.30782 0.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AV-S6)                          12.13910 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AV-S6)         3.03885 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                         -6.27951 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                         -6.07168 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                         -6.07887 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                         -4.06496 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AV-S6)                          25.31995 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                         -3.28104 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                         -1.21010 0.0001
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AV-S6)                           4.55385 0.9805
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                          5.28100 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                            -9.78678 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                            -6.63442 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                            -2.21571 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AV-S6)                             5.31995 0.6223
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                            -2.23259 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AV-S6)                             0.46099 0.1656
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AV-S6)                              17.31995 1.0000
## Auto(AV-S8)-Auto(AV-S7)                             -0.61926 0.0143
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AV-S7)                                -3.92103 0.0007
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AV-S7)                                -1.92103 0.0074
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AV-S7)                          50.06765 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AV-S7)                          -4.05883 0.0001
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AV-S7)                       16.11156 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AV-S7)                       -5.92103 0.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AV-S7)                         20.07897 1.0000
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AV-S7)                          3.11156 0.2775
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AV-S7)                       -0.41173 0.0244
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AV-S7)                           4.94117 0.9843
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AV-S7)                          -7.06363 0.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AV-S7)                          -7.75951 0.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AV-S7)                          -6.89269 0.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AV-S7)                          -9.04703 0.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AV-S7)                          -5.66267 0.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AV-S7)                           6.07897 0.9552
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AV-S7)        -1.29375 0.0004
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                        -10.54645 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                        -10.32529 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                        -10.35039 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                         -8.35611 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AV-S7)                          19.11156 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                         -7.62223 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                         -5.86277 0.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AV-S7)                          -1.30883 0.0086
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                         -0.20186 0.0346
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                           -14.48045 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                           -10.91859 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                            -6.47101 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AV-S7)                            -0.88844 0.0275
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                            -6.50509 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AV-S7)                            -4.68379 0.0000
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AV-S7)                              11.11156 0.9994
## Auto(L3)-Auto(AV-S8)                                 4.62297 0.7463
## Auto(L4)-Auto(AV-S8)                                 6.62297 0.9753
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(AV-S8)                          59.26921 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(AV-S8)                           4.62742 0.9489
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(AV-S8)                       24.54225 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(AV-S8)                        2.62297 0.3323
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(AV-S8)                         28.62297 0.5535
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(AV-S8)                         11.54225 0.9996
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(AV-S8)                        8.46586 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(AV-S8)                          13.62742 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(AV-S8)                           2.28025 0.9436
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(AV-S8)                           1.61434 0.6996
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(AV-S8)                           2.48839 0.9816
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(AV-S8)                           0.28854 0.0946
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(AV-S8)                           3.70024 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(AV-S8)                          14.62297 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(AV-S8)         8.07430 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                         -1.16387 0.0019
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                         -0.93987 0.0038
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                         -0.96879 0.0035
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                          1.02123 0.3620
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(AV-S8)                          27.54225 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                          1.74384 0.7635
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                          3.42011 0.9999
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(AV-S8)                           7.37742 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                          8.72382 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                            -5.21035 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                            -1.53972 0.0006
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                             2.91406 0.9986
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(AV-S8)                             7.54225 0.8885
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                             2.87631 0.9981
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(AV-S8)                             4.41385 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Auto(AV-S8)                              19.54225 1.0000
## Auto(L4)-Auto(L3)                                   23.27751 1.0000
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(L3)                             79.47452 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(L3)                             22.42686 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(L3)                          40.05952 0.9954
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(L3)                          19.27751 1.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(L3)                            45.27751 0.0067
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(L3)                            27.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(L3)                          27.41117 0.9079
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(L3)                             31.42686 0.7717
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(L3)                             22.86449 0.9982
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(L3)                             22.26856 0.9996
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(L3)                             23.15906 0.9951
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(L3)                             20.85280 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(L3)                             24.32926 0.9558
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(L3)                             31.27751 0.9998
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(L3)           28.71520 0.1678
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(L3)                            19.51019 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(L3)                            19.74058 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(L3)                            19.70304 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(L3)                            21.68339 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(L3)                             43.05952 0.9001
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(L3)                            22.38020 0.9995
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(L3)                            23.85185 0.9871
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(L3)                             25.17686 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(L3)                            27.90161 0.7706
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(L3)                               15.18767 1.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(L3)                               19.12591 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(L3)                               23.59371 0.9870
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(L3)                               23.05952 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(L3)                               23.54767 0.9884
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(L3)                               24.28482 0.9925
## Manual(M7)-Auto(L3)                                 35.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (A1)-Auto(L4)                             77.47452 0.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Auto(L4)                             20.42686 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Auto(L4)                          38.05952 0.9999
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Auto(L4)                          17.27751 1.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Auto(L4)                            43.27751 0.0305
## Automatic (AM6)-Auto(L4)                            25.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Auto(L4)                          25.41117 0.9967
## Automatic (AV)-Auto(L4)                             29.42686 0.9705
## Automatic (S4)-Auto(L4)                             20.86449 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Auto(L4)                             20.26856 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Auto(L4)                             21.15906 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Auto(L4)                             18.85280 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Auto(L4)                             22.32926 0.9996
## Automatic (S9)-Auto(L4)                             29.27751 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Auto(L4)           26.71520 0.5487
## Automatic 3-spd-Auto(L4)                            17.51019 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Auto(L4)                            17.74058 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Auto(L4)                            17.70304 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Auto(L4)                            19.68339 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Auto(L4)                             41.05952 0.9836
## Automatic 7-spd-Auto(L4)                            20.38020 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Auto(L4)                            21.85185 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Auto(L4)                             23.17686 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Auto(L4)                            25.90161 0.9794
## Manual 3-spd-Auto(L4)                               13.18767 1.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Auto(L4)                               17.12591 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Auto(L4)                               21.59371 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Auto(L4)                               21.05952 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Auto(L4)                               21.54767 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Auto(L4)                               22.28482 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Auto(L4)                                 33.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (A6)-Automatic (A1)                      -48.97909 0.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Automatic (A1)                   -28.57297 0.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Automatic (A1)                   -50.70729 0.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Automatic (A1)                     -24.70729 0.0000
## Automatic (AM6)-Automatic (A1)                     -41.57297 0.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (A1)                   -45.52898 0.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (A1)                      -39.97909 0.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (A1)                      -52.83791 0.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (A1)                      -53.59320 0.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (A1)                      -52.74128 0.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (A1)                      -54.80543 0.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (A1)                      -51.47425 0.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (A1)                      -38.70729 0.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (A1)    -47.11566 0.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -56.39817 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -56.18294 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -56.20006 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -54.19695 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (A1)                      -25.57297 0.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -53.44016 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -51.52592 0.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (A1)                      -46.22909 0.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (A1)                     -45.37281 0.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (A1)                        -60.12179 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (A1)                        -56.76258 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (A1)                        -52.32791 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (A1)                        -45.57297 0.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (A1)                        -52.35432 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (A1)                        -50.06654 0.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (A1)                          -33.57297 0.0000
## Automatic (AM-S6)-Automatic (A6)                    33.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Automatic (A6)                    12.42686 1.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Automatic (A6)                      38.42686 0.0136
## Automatic (AM6)-Automatic (A6)                      20.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (A6)                    19.56397 0.9964
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (A6)                       24.04547 0.9695
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (A6)                       14.48439 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (A6)                       13.86946 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (A6)                       14.75554 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (A6)                       12.47817 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (A6)                       15.93696 0.9993
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (A6)                       24.42686 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (A6)     20.31969 0.1716
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (A6)                      11.10577 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (A6)                      11.33445 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (A6)                      11.29921 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (A6)                      13.28216 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (A6)                       36.78898 0.9936
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (A6)                      13.98592 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (A6)                      15.51422 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (A6)                       17.79547 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (A6)                      19.96884 0.9617
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (A6)                          6.85964 1.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (A6)                         10.72374 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (A6)                         15.18778 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (A6)                         16.78898 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (A6)                         15.14396 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (A6)                         16.11617 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (A6)                           28.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (AM-S7)-Automatic (AM-S6)                 10.05952 0.9551
## Automatic (AM5)-Automatic (AM-S6)                   36.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (AM6)-Automatic (AM-S6)                   17.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (AM-S6)                 19.20624 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (AM-S6)                    22.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AM-S6)                    15.07763 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AM-S6)                    14.49520 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AM-S6)                    15.38884 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AM-S6)                    13.06202 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AM-S6)                    16.55107 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AM-S6)                    22.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AM-S6)  20.93930 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                   11.74061 0.9999
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                   11.97221 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                   11.93304 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                   13.91155 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                    33.09094 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                   14.60343 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                   16.03443 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                    16.53898 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                   19.76909 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                       7.36328 0.8929
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                      11.35473 0.9998
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                      15.82519 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                      13.09094 0.9882
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                      15.77758 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AM-S6)                      16.34127 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AM-S6)                        25.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AM5)-Automatic (AM-S7)                   47.27751 0.0012
## Automatic (AM6)-Automatic (AM-S7)                   29.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (AM-S7)                 29.41117 0.5636
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    33.42686 0.4062
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    24.86449 0.9121
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    24.26856 0.9581
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    25.15906 0.8611
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    22.85280 0.9983
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    26.32926 0.6413
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AM-S7)                    33.27751 0.9885
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AM-S7)  30.71520 0.0287
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   21.51019 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   21.74058 0.9999
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   21.70304 0.9999
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   23.68339 0.9850
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                    45.05952 0.6980
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   24.38020 0.9516
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   25.85185 0.7903
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                    27.17686 0.9997
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                   29.90161 0.3613
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      17.18767 1.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      21.12591 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      25.59371 0.7851
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      25.05952 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      25.54767 0.7955
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AM-S7)                      26.28482 0.8444
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AM-S7)                        37.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (AM6)-Automatic (AM5)                      3.05952 0.2146
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (AM5)                    3.41117 0.4703
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (AM5)                       7.42686 0.9705
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AM5)                      -1.13551 0.0161
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AM5)                      -1.73144 0.0083
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AM5)                      -0.84094 0.0218
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AM5)                      -3.14720 0.0016
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AM5)                       0.32926 0.0676
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AM5)                       7.27751 0.8894
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AM5)     4.71520 0.8226
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AM5)                     -4.48981 0.0003
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AM5)                     -4.25942 0.0004
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AM5)                     -4.29696 0.0003
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AM5)                     -2.31661 0.0042
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AM5)                      19.05952 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AM5)                     -1.61980 0.0094
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AM5)                     -0.14815 0.0435
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AM5)                       1.17686 0.1164
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AM5)                      3.90161 0.5872
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AM5)                        -8.81233 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AM5)                        -4.87409 0.0002
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AM5)                        -0.40629 0.0338
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AM5)                        -0.94048 0.0295
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AM5)                        -0.45233 0.0323
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AM5)                         0.28482 0.0644
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AM5)                          11.05952 0.9836
## Automatic (AV-S6)-Automatic (AM6)                   32.20624 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (AM6)                      35.78898 0.9987
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AM6)                      28.07763 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AM6)                      27.49520 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AM6)                      28.38884 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AM6)                      26.06202 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AM6)                      29.55107 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AM6)                      35.05952 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AM6)    33.93930 0.9730
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     24.74061 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     24.97221 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     24.93304 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     26.91155 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AM6)                      46.09094 0.9962
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     27.60343 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     29.03443 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AM6)                      29.53898 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AM6)                     32.76909 0.9997
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AM6)                        20.36328 1.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AM6)                        24.35473 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AM6)                        28.82519 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AM6)                        26.09094 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AM6)                        28.77758 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AM6)                        29.34127 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AM6)                          38.09094 1.0000
## Automatic (AV)-Automatic (AV-S6)                    15.00841 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AV-S6)                     4.20530 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AV-S6)                     3.55839 0.9989
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AV-S6)                     4.43697 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AV-S6)                     2.20822 0.7997
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AV-S6)                     5.63740 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AV-S6)                    15.85562 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AV-S6)  10.01470 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                    0.78564 0.1996
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                    1.01140 0.2766
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                    0.98010 0.2644
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                    2.96746 0.9796
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                    28.65069 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                    3.68301 0.9995
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                    5.30495 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                     8.75841 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                   10.33121 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                      -3.33418 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                       0.40746 0.1073
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                       4.86511 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                       8.65069 0.9548
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                       4.82507 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AV-S6)                       6.16392 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AV-S6)                        20.65069 1.0000
## Automatic (S4)-Automatic (AV)                        5.48439 0.9994
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (AV)                        4.86946 0.9942
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (AV)                        5.75554 0.9999
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (AV)                        3.47817 0.8493
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (AV)                        6.93696 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (AV)                       15.42686 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (AV)     11.31969 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (AV)                       2.10577 0.4455
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (AV)                       2.33445 0.5200
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (AV)                       2.29921 0.5078
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (AV)                       4.28216 0.9695
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (AV)                       27.78898 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (AV)                       4.98592 0.9960
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (AV)                       6.51422 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (AV)                        8.79547 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (AV)                      10.96884 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (AV)                         -2.14036 0.0019
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (AV)                          1.72374 0.3308
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (AV)                          6.18778 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (AV)                          7.78898 0.8583
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (AV)                          6.14396 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (AV)                          7.11617 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (AV)                           19.78898 1.0000
## Automatic (S5)-Automatic (S4)                        1.03346 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (S4)                        1.82941 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (S4)                        0.05077 0.0701
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (S4)                        3.22782 0.2640
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (S4)                       17.35587 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S4)      7.55221 0.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S4)                      -1.83983 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S4)                      -1.64869 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S4)                      -1.63360 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S4)                       0.40343 0.6722
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S4)                       30.56901 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S4)                       1.24107 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S4)                       3.54591 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S4)                        9.72577 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S4)                      10.35688 0.9828
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S4)                         -5.00785 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S4)                         -2.17411 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S4)                          2.20942 0.9903
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S4)                         10.56901 0.9987
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S4)                          2.21386 0.9988
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S4)                          5.43307 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S4)                           22.56901 1.0000
## Automatic (S6)-Automatic (S5)                        1.78859 0.0400
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (S5)                        0.23120 0.2581
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (S5)                        3.31213 0.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (S5)                       17.85924 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S5)      7.60928 0.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S5)                      -1.89619 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S5)                      -1.73838 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S5)                      -1.67963 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S5)                       0.39659 0.9728
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S5)                       31.08589 0.9999
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S5)                       1.30913 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S5)                       3.81907 0.9683
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S5)                       10.21014 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S5)                      10.79930 0.8593
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S5)                         -4.71998 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S5)                         -2.19406 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S5)                          2.12425 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S5)                         11.08589 0.9996
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S5)                          2.16995 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S5)                          5.82701 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S5)                           23.08589 1.0000
## Automatic (S7)-Automatic (S6)                       -0.76715 0.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (S6)                        2.27678 0.0446
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (S6)                       16.94734 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S6)      6.56137 0.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S6)                      -3.01493 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S6)                      -2.88804 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S6)                      -2.79009 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S6)                      -0.68650 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S6)                       30.17712 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S6)                       0.26642 0.6256
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S6)                       2.84941 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S6)                        9.29383 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S6)                       9.87311 0.9958
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S6)                         -5.68550 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S6)                         -3.28569 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S6)                          0.97922 0.3948
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S6)                         10.17712 0.9974
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S6)                          1.06113 0.9820
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S6)                          4.88910 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S6)                           22.17712 1.0000
## Automatic (S8)-Automatic (S7)                        5.36652 0.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (S7)                       19.39446 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S7)      9.69534 0.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S7)                       0.31887 0.4553
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S7)                       0.51375 0.8677
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S7)                       0.52386 0.8571
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S7)                       2.55588 0.9950
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S7)                       32.60368 0.9967
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S7)                       3.38245 0.2398
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S7)                       5.64630 0.0200
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S7)                       11.76984 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S7)                      12.41291 0.2166
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S7)                         -2.91099 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S7)                         -0.01993 0.0420
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S7)                          4.37137 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S7)                         12.60368 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S7)                          4.37106 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S7)                          7.50255 0.9377
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S7)                           24.60368 1.0000
## Automatic (S9)-Automatic (S8)                       15.83158 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S8)      5.76127 0.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S8)                      -3.68542 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S8)                      -3.50875 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S8)                      -3.47455 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S8)                      -1.41928 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S8)                       29.05340 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S8)                      -0.54418 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S8)                       1.87701 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S8)                        8.18929 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S8)                       8.79357 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S8)                         -6.66782 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S8)                         -4.00304 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S8)                          0.35128 0.8714
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S8)                          9.05340 0.9839
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S8)                          0.37387 0.8674
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S8)                          3.83898 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S8)                           21.05340 1.0000
## Automatic (variable gear ratios)-Automatic (S9)     18.71520 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (S9)                       9.51019 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (S9)                       9.74058 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (S9)                       9.70304 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (S9)                      11.68339 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (S9)                       33.05952 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (S9)                      12.38020 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (S9)                      13.85185 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (S9)                       15.17686 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (S9)                      17.90161 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (S9)                          5.18767 0.8861
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (S9)                          9.12591 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (S9)                         13.59371 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (S9)                         13.05952 0.9990
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (S9)                         13.54767 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (S9)                         14.28482 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (S9)                           25.05952 1.0000
## Automatic 3-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)    -8.19162 0.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)    -8.02193 0.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)    -7.97859 0.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)    -5.91517 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)     24.65411 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)    -5.02479 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)    -2.56454 0.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)      3.78449 0.9121
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)     4.38164 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)      -11.10672 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)       -8.50164 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)       -4.16096 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)        4.65411 0.5170
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)       -4.12972 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic (variable gear ratios)       -0.58127 0.0063
## Manual(M7)-Automatic (variable gear ratios)         16.65411 1.0000
## Automatic 4-spd-Automatic 3-spd                      0.69112 0.9981
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic 3-spd                      0.80479 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic 3-spd                      2.91736 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic 3-spd                      33.82223 0.9759
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic 3-spd                      3.88163 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 3-spd                      6.48176 0.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 3-spd                      12.93738 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 3-spd                     13.51463 0.0103
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 3-spd                        -2.05226 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 3-spd                         0.31551 0.9920
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 3-spd                         4.56048 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 3-spd                        13.82223 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 3-spd                         4.65659 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 3-spd                         8.52818 0.0919
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 3-spd                          25.82223 1.0000
## Automatic 5-spd-Automatic 4-spd                      0.45871 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic 4-spd                      2.59497 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic 4-spd                      33.58478 0.9823
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic 4-spd                      3.58522 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 4-spd                      6.22009 0.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 4-spd                      12.69702 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 4-spd                     13.27043 0.0181
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 4-spd                        -2.31221 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 4-spd                        -0.01355 0.0363
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 4-spd                         4.16828 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 4-spd                        13.58478 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 4-spd                         4.31215 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 4-spd                         8.27938 0.1697
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 4-spd                          25.58478 1.0000
## Automatic 6-spd-Automatic 5-spd                      2.75424 0.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic 5-spd                      33.63184 0.9813
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic 5-spd                      3.71092 0.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 5-spd                      6.29974 0.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 5-spd                      12.74801 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 5-spd                     13.32659 0.0169
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 5-spd                        -2.23487 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 5-spd                         0.15419 0.4862
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 5-spd                         4.41283 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 5-spd                        13.63184 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 5-spd                         4.49916 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 5-spd                         8.34174 0.1587
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 5-spd                          25.63184 1.0000
## Automatic 6spd-Automatic 6-spd                      31.66221 0.9994
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic 6-spd                      1.82281 0.9720
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 6-spd                      4.36617 0.2848
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 6-spd                      10.78282 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 6-spd                     11.36721 0.5807
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 6-spd                        -4.17092 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 6-spd                        -1.70093 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 6-spd                         2.59730 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 6-spd                        11.66221 0.9999
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 6-spd                         2.65632 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 6-spd                         6.38926 0.9999
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 6-spd                          23.66221 1.0000
## Automatic 7-spd-Automatic 6spd                      11.60343 0.9999
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 6spd                      13.03443 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 6spd                       13.53898 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 6spd                      16.76909 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 6spd                          4.36328 0.4657
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 6spd                          8.35473 0.9616
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 6spd                         12.82519 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 6spd                         10.09094 0.8757
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 6spd                         12.77758 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 6spd                         13.34127 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 6spd                           22.09094 1.0000
## Automatic 8-spd-Automatic 7-spd                      3.79183 0.9946
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 7-spd                      10.12670 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 7-spd                     10.72658 0.8972
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 7-spd                        -4.75139 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 7-spd                        -2.12241 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 7-spd                         2.22400 0.0005
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 7-spd                        10.99421 0.9995
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 7-spd                         2.25159 0.0074
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 7-spd                         5.76686 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 7-spd                          22.99421 1.0000
## Automatic 8spd-Automatic 8-spd                       8.99149 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 8-spd                      9.71366 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 8-spd                        -5.36802 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 8-spd                        -2.22691 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 8-spd                         2.19081 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 8-spd                         9.76170 0.9941
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 8-spd                         2.17453 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 8-spd                         4.88849 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 8-spd                          21.76170 1.0000
## Automatic 9-spd-Automatic 8spd                      17.21884 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 8spd                          4.10964 0.9444
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 8spd                          7.97374 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 8spd                         12.43778 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 8spd                         14.03898 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 8spd                         12.39396 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 8spd                         13.36617 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 8spd                           26.03898 1.0000
## Manual 3-spd-Automatic 9-spd                        -4.73904 0.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Automatic 9-spd                        -1.03486 0.0037
## Manual 5-spd-Automatic 9-spd                         3.42077 0.9998
## Manual 5 spd-Automatic 9-spd                         7.67818 0.8960
## Manual 6-spd-Automatic 9-spd                         3.38192 0.9997
## Manual 7-spd-Automatic 9-spd                         4.82689 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Automatic 9-spd                          19.67818 1.0000
## Manual 4-spd-Manual 3-spd                            6.61350 0.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Manual 3-spd                           11.03492 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Manual 3-spd                           18.46718 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Manual 3-spd                           11.01642 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Manual 3-spd                           13.65123 0.0000
## Manual(M7)-Manual 3-spd                             30.46718 1.0000
## Manual 5-spd-Manual 4-spd                            5.10022 0.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Manual 4-spd                           14.21584 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Manual 4-spd                            5.16708 0.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Manual 4-spd                            8.93674 0.0279
## Manual(M7)-Manual 4-spd                             26.21584 1.0000
## Manual 5 spd-Manual 5-spd                            9.73254 0.9944
## Manual 6-spd-Manual 5-spd                            0.47457 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Manual 5-spd                            4.42856 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Manual 5-spd                             21.73254 1.0000
## Manual 6-spd-Manual 5 spd                           32.77758 0.9948
## Manual 7-spd-Manual 5 spd                           33.34127 0.9957
## Manual(M7)-Manual 5 spd                             42.09094 1.0000
## Manual 7-spd-Manual 6-spd                            4.49848 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Manual 6-spd                             21.78774 1.0000
## Manual(M7)-Manual 7-spd                             22.09127 1.0000
## 
## $<NA>
##      diff lwr upr p adj

Tukey’s HSD Results

Above are three Tukey’s HSD tests which compare the mean highway gas mileage values which resulted from each change in fuel type, drive type, and transmission type. For individual tests that return a p-adj.value<0.05 there is a statistical difference between the mean highway gas mileage of those two factor levels that can be attributed to something other than randomization with a confidence level of 95%.

Diagnostics/Model Adequacy Checking

To check the adequacy of using the ANOVA as a means of analyzing this set of data I performed Quantile-Quantile (Q-Q) tests on the residual errors to determine if the residuals followed a normal distribution. I also created an interaction plot to see if there was an interaction effect between the factors of interest.

The nearly linear fit of the residuals in the three QQ plots are an indication that the ANOVA model may be adequate for this analysis. A perfectly linear fit in these QQ plots would mean that the model that I used perfectly satisfies the assumptions of normality.

The interaction plots following the QQ plots show the interactions of the three possible combinations of the factors of interest working together to cause an effect in the highway gas mileage response variable. Interactions between two factors are evident whenever there is an intersection of two or more curves, or a slope change of curves. As can be seen in all three interaction plots there are plenty of intersections and slope changes and thus it can be concluded that the factors work in concert to cause a change in highway gas mileage.

The third type of plot is a Residuals vs. Fits plot which is used to identify the linearity of the residual values and to determine if there are any outlying values. Because the residual values seem to be centered around zero for the models it can be concluded that the models used in these analyses are accurate for determining the effect of fuel type, drive type, and transmission type on the highway gas mileage of vehicles.

# QQ Plot for residuals in analysis of fuel type effect on highway gas mileage
qqnorm(residuals(model_fuelyear))
qqline(residuals(model_fuelyear))

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# QQ Plot for residuals in analysis of drive effect on highway gas mileage
qqnorm(residuals(model_driveyear))
qqline(residuals(model_driveyear))

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# QQ Plot for residuals in analysis of transmission effect on highway gas mileage
qqnorm(residuals(model_transyear))
qqline(residuals(model_transyear))

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interaction.plot(data$fuel,data$drive,data$hwy)

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interaction.plot(data$trans,data$fuel,data$hwy)

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interaction.plot(data$trans,data$drive,data$hwy)

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plot(fitted(model_fuelyear),residuals(model_fuelyear))

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plot(fitted(model_driveyear),residuals(model_driveyear))

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plot(fitted(model_transyear),residuals(model_transyear))

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4.Appendices

The data from the fueleconomy data set can be accessed at https://github.com/hadley/fueleconomy.

5. References to the Literature

*Source: http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/download.shtml