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NCG602A Assignment 2: Herr Bach’s Vacation

Introduction

Johann Sebastian Bach is visiting the United Kingdom – and he’ll be dropping across the Irish Sea for a brief visit to Dublin as well. Johann tends to eschew holidays to places such as the Algarve, the Canaries, or Majorca. Instead, he’ll be flying on Ryanair, with his friend Dietrich Buxtehude, from Lübeck to Stansted with the intention of visiting as many cathedrals as possible. Johann and Dietrich like to attend the evening service at each cathedral, where the music is usually sung by the resident cathedral choir. Then, in keeping with their thirst after righteousness, they will repair to a local hostelry for a couple of gentle pints, before thinking about finding some suitable evening meal.

All this requires some planning. Over biers in a bar near the Marienkirche in Lübeck, they searched on Google for some information and found the website www.imbibit.co.uk. However, what they find there is a little unwieldy. “But Johann”, complained Dietrich, “how will we find the Black Rock in Wakefield. The choir describes it as their Emergency Pub1, so we must pay it a visit. But I cannot carry street maps of every cathedral city around with me. And those spreadsheets will be too difficult to read after we’d had too much English beer.”

The assignment

The spreadsheets (and they’re in both XLS and CSV form at imbibit) are not quite the answer, but some R based mapping using leaflet would help them a long way. The thoughtful individuals who set up imbibit have provided the latitude and longitude of all the establishments: cathedrals, pubs, and eateries. This gives you the basic tools.

As a group your task is to design and implement a simple tool using R, leaflet, dplyr and whatever other libraries you need, to create a simple interface which will assist Johann and Dietrich in their English Journey (not forgetting, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland) using a browser like Chrome. Your maps should allow zoom and pan, and after having found the cathedral, it should also show them the locations of the establishments at which they will drink and dine. They should be able to pull up details of the individual pubs and restaurants to help them make a choice. You can use rpubs.com for your mapping.

You will submit an individual report on your work – it will need to discuss context, details of your system, how you implemented it, and some examples of it in use to help Johann and Dietrich make their choices.

Maximum word count: 3000 words Submission: Friday January 19th 2018 at 17:00

Answer:

cathedrals <- read.csv("imbibit_cathedrals.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE) #reads the cathedrals csv file into the R workspace and ensures the data are read as strings and not as factors
eateries <- read.csv("imbibit_eateries.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE) # reads the eateries csv file into the R workspace and ensures the data are read as strings and not as factors
pubs <- read.csv("imbibit_pubs.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE) #reads in the pubs csv file and ensures the data are read as strings and not as factors

Now that the csv files have been read into the R workspace, we can now explore them as data frames

colnames(cathedrals) #displays the column names
## [1] "Cathedral.City"       "Cathedral.Name"       "Cathedral.Full.Title"
## [4] "Cathedral.Website"    "Choir.Website"        "Cathedral.Postcode"  
## [7] "Cathedral.Longitude"  "Cathedral.Latitude"
dim(cathedrals) #establishes the dimensions of the cathedrals data frame
## [1] 89  8
head(cathedrals, n = 20) #displays the first twenty rows of the cathedrals data frame 
##    Cathedral.City           Cathedral.Name
## 1      Birmingham                Cathedral
## 2      Birmingham St Chad's Cathedral (RC)
## 3       Blackburn                Cathedral
## 4        Bradford                Cathedral
## 5         Bristol                Cathedral
## 6      Canterbury                Cathedral
## 7        Carlisle                Cathedral
## 8      Chelmsford                Cathedral
## 9         Chester                Cathedral
## 10     Chichester                Cathedral
## 11       Coventry                Cathedral
## 12          Derby                Cathedral
## 13         Durham                Cathedral
## 14            Ely                Cathedral
## 15         Exeter                Cathedral
## 16     Gloucester                Cathedral
## 17      Guildford                Cathedral
## 18       Hereford                Cathedral
## 19          Leeds           Cathedral (RC)
## 20      Leicester                Cathedral
##                    Cathedral.Full.Title
## 1                  Birmingham Cathedral
## 2  St Chad's Cathedral (RC), Birmingham
## 3                   Blackburn Cathedral
## 4                    Bradford Cathedral
## 5                     Bristol Cathedral
## 6                  Canterbury Cathedral
## 7                    Carlisle Cathedral
## 8                  Chelmsford Cathedral
## 9                     Chester Cathedral
## 10                 Chichester Cathedral
## 11                   Coventry Cathedral
## 12                      Derby Cathedral
## 13                     Durham Cathedral
## 14                        Ely Cathedral
## 15                     Exeter Cathedral
## 16                 Gloucester Cathedral
## 17                  Guildford Cathedral
## 18                   Hereford Cathedral
## 19                Cathedral (RC), Leeds
## 20                  Leicester Cathedral
##                                     Cathedral.Website Choir.Website
## 1                         www.birminghamcathedral.com              
## 2  birminghamdiocese.org.uk/ourstandard.asp?pageid=66              
## 3      www.blackburn.anglican.org/cathedral/index.htm              
## 4                         www.bradfordcathedral.co.uk              
## 5                         www.bristol-cathedral.co.uk              
## 6                        www.canterbury-cathedral.org              
## 7                        www.carlislecathedral.org.uk              
## 8                      www.chelmsfordcathedral.org.uk              
## 9                            www.chestercathedral.com              
## 10                     www.chichestercathedral.org.uk              
## 11                       www.coventrycathedral.org.uk              
## 12                             www.derbycathedral.org              
## 13                          www.durhamcathedral.co.uk              
## 14                     www.cathedral.ely.anglican.org              
## 15                        www.exeter-cathedral.org.uk              
## 16                     www.gloucestercathedral.org.uk              
## 17                        www.guildford-cathedral.org              
## 18                          www.herefordcathedral.org              
## 19                             www.leedscathedral.com              
## 20               www.cathedral.leicester.anglican.org              
##    Cathedral.Postcode Cathedral.Longitude Cathedral.Latitude
## 1              B3 2QB           -1.899167           52.48118
## 2              B4 6EU           -1.898258           52.48570
## 3             BB1 5AA           -2.482054           53.74701
## 4             BD1 4EH           -1.748219           53.79545
## 5             BS1 5TJ           -2.600616           51.45181
## 6             CT1 2EH            1.082324           51.27978
## 7             CA3 8TZ           -2.939155           54.89433
## 8             CM1 1TY            0.472605           51.73513
## 9             CH1 2HU           -2.891035           53.19228
## 10           PO19 1PX           -0.780909           50.83592
## 11            CV1 5AB           -1.508060           52.40922
## 12            DE1 3GP           -1.478237           52.92433
## 13            DH1 3EH           -1.576173           54.77401
## 14            CB7 4DL            0.264165           52.39867
## 15            EX1 1HS           -3.530502           50.72222
## 16            GL1 2LR           -2.246989           51.86666
## 17         GU2 7UP            -0.590846           51.24143
## 18            HR1 2NG           -2.716090           52.05429
## 19            LS2 8BE           -1.547046           53.80062
## 20            LE1 5DE           -1.135484           52.63451
tail(cathedrals, n = 20) #displays the last twenty rows of the cathedrals data frame
##    Cathedral.City                     Cathedral.Name
## 70          Leeds                      Parish Church
## 71         London    Chapel Royal, St James's Palace
## 72         London Chapel Royal, Hampton Court Palace
## 73     Nottingham        St Barnabas' Cathedral (RC)
## 74         London                  Westminster Abbey
## 75        Arundel                     Cathedral (RC)
## 76         London                     King's College
## 77         Oxford                   Magdalen College
## 78         Oxford                        New College
## 79     Tewkesbury                              Abbey
## 80        Warwick       Collegiate Church of St Mary
## 81        Windsor                 St George's Chapel
## 82      St Albans           St Peter's Parish Church
## 83      Cambridge                  Magdalene College
## 84         London         St George's Cathedral (RC)
## 85       Beverley                   Beverley Minster
## 86      Edinburgh                St Giles' Cathedral
## 87         Dublin             St Patrick's Cathedral
## 88         Dublin            Christ Church Cathedral
## 89         Dublin            St Mary's Pro Cathedral
##                          Cathedral.Full.Title
## 70                       Parish Church, Leeds
## 71    Chapel Royal, St James's Palace, London
## 72 Chapel Royal, Hampton Court Palace, London
## 73    St Barnabas' Cathedral (RC), Nottingham
## 74                  Westminster Abbey, London
## 75                    Cathedral (RC), Arundel
## 76                     King's College, London
## 77                   Magdalen College, Oxford
## 78                        New College, Oxford
## 79                           Tewkesbury Abbey
## 80      Collegiate Church of St Mary, Warwick
## 81                St George's Chapel, Windsor
## 82        St Peter's Parish Church, St Albans
## 83               Magdalene College, Cambridge
## 84         St George's Cathedral (RC), London
## 85                 Beverley Minster, Beverley
## 86             St Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh
## 87             St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
## 88            Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin
## 89            St Mary's Pro Cathedral, Dublin
##                                              Cathedral.Website
## 70                                www.leedsparishchurch.org.uk
## 71                                                            
## 72                                                            
## 73                             www.stbarnabasnottingham.org.uk
## 74                                   www.westminster-abbey.org
## 75                                    www.arundelcathedral.org
## 76 www.kcl.ac.uk/about/structure/dean/chaplaincy/strand/chapel
## 77                 www.magd.ox.ac.uk/college_life/chapel.shtml
## 78             www.new.ox.ac.uk/The_Chapel_and_Choir/index.php
## 79                                  www.tewkesburyabbey.org.uk
## 80                                   www.stmaryswarwick.org.uk
## 81                                   www.stgeorges-windsor.org
## 82                                   www.stpeterschurch.uk.com
## 83                                                            
## 84                           www.southwark-rc-cathedral.org.uk
## 85                                      beverleyminster.org.uk
## 86                                 www.stgilescathedral.org.uk
## 87                                  www.stpatrickscathedral.ie
## 88                                   www.christchurchdublin.ie
## 89                                         www.procathedral.ie
##                Choir.Website Cathedral.Postcode Cathedral.Longitude
## 70                                      LS2 7DJ           -1.536068
## 71                                      W1K 5SH           -0.147384
## 72                                      KT8 9AU           -0.337670
## 73                                      NG1 5AE           -1.157686
## 74                                     SW1P 3PA           -0.128108
## 75                                     BN18 9AY           -0.558484
## 76                                     WC2R 2LS           -0.116938
## 77                                      OX1 4AU           -1.246466
## 78   www.newcollegechoir.com            OX1 3BN           -1.251524
## 79                                     GL20 5RZ           -2.160766
## 80 www.stmaryswarwick.org.uk           CV34 4RA           -1.588296
## 81                                      SL4 1NJ           -0.606570
## 82                                      AL1 3HG           -0.335472
## 83 www.magdalenechoir.org.uk            CB3 0AG            0.115976
## 84                                      SE1 7HY           -0.108837
## 85                                                        -0.424593
## 86                                      EH1 1RE           -3.190890
## 87                                                        -6.271538
## 88                                                        -6.271328
## 89                                                        -6.259059
##    Cathedral.Latitude
## 70           53.79518
## 71           51.51370
## 72           51.40381
## 73           52.95431
## 74           51.49876
## 75           50.85442
## 76           51.51073
## 77           51.75182
## 78           51.75431
## 79           51.99081
## 80           52.28220
## 81           51.48399
## 82           51.75494
## 83           52.21025
## 84           51.49825
## 85           53.83930
## 86           55.94954
## 87           53.33959
## 88           53.34348
## 89           53.35094

Even from these preliminary engagements with the data, a number of issues are immediately clear. Postcodes are absent from Beverley Minister in Yorkshire and the Dublin Cathedrals. The data has not been rigorously standardised, and there is some visible redundancy; some cathedrals are named twice, some have their denomination highlighted, others do not, for some of the cathedrals the towns have been added to the csv file but not all.Furthermore, after preliminary experiments with mapping the data in leaflet, it was discovered that many of the URLs lead to dead sites or missing pages.

The Beverley Minster postcode was added as well as the Eircodes, derived from a system of postcodes instated in Ireland in 2015 for St. Patrick’s Cathedral, Christchurch and the Pro Cathedral, all located in Dublin. These presumably were not available when the Imbibit website was first launched, but it was judged that they would nevertheless prove useful for tourists visting Ireland for ease of direction, access and help particularly in the case the emergency services being required during their visit, as Eircodes provide an excellent means of navigation for people otherwise unfamiliar with the area.

All the above operations were initially carried out within the R working environment, but once the extent of the gaps in subsequent csv files, partially the pub dataset became clear, these websites were added within a software more suited to the editing of spreadsheets and were saved in the working directory.

cathedrals <- read.csv("cathedrals.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE) #reads in the updated cathedrals.csv file and ensures the data are read as strings and not as factors
cathedrals$Cathedral.Website #prints the entireity of the cathedrals websites, including those added or updated
##  [1] "www.birminghamcathedral.com"                                                                                           
##  [2] "https://www.stchadscathedral.org.uk"                                                                                   
##  [3] "http://www.blackburncathedral.com"                                                                                     
##  [4] "www.bradfordcathedral.co.uk"                                                                                           
##  [5] "www.bristol-cathedral.co.uk"                                                                                           
##  [6] "www.canterbury-cathedral.org"                                                                                          
##  [7] "www.carlislecathedral.org.uk"                                                                                          
##  [8] "www.chelmsfordcathedral.org.uk"                                                                                        
##  [9] "www.chestercathedral.com"                                                                                              
## [10] "www.chichestercathedral.org.uk"                                                                                        
## [11] "www.coventrycathedral.org.uk"                                                                                          
## [12] "www.derbycathedral.org"                                                                                                
## [13] "www.durhamcathedral.co.uk"                                                                                             
## [14] "www.cathedral.ely.anglican.org"                                                                                        
## [15] "https://www.exeter-cathedral.org.uk"                                                                                   
## [16] "www.gloucestercathedral.org.uk"                                                                                        
## [17] "www.guildford-cathedral.org"                                                                                           
## [18] "www.herefordcathedral.org"                                                                                             
## [19] "http://www.dioceseofleeds.org.uk/cathedral/"                                                                           
## [20] "www.cathedral.leicester.anglican.org"                                                                                  
## [21] "www.lichfield-cathedral.org"                                                                                           
## [22] "www.lincolncathedral.com"                                                                                              
## [23] "www.liverpoolcathedral.org.uk"                                                                                         
## [24] "www.liverpoolmetrocathedral.org.uk"                                                                                    
## [25] "www.stpauls.co.uk"                                                                                                     
## [26] "www.southwark.anglican.org/cathedral/"                                                                                 
## [27] "www.westminstercathedral.org.uk"                                                                                       
## [28] "www.manchestercathedral.org"                                                                                           
## [29] "http://stnicholascathedral.co.uk"                                                                                      
## [30] "www.cathedral.org.uk"                                                                                                  
## [31] "www.chch.ox.ac.uk"                                                                                                     
## [32] "www.peterborough-cathedral.org.uk"                                                                                     
## [33] "www.portsmouthcathedral.org.uk"                                                                                        
## [34] "www.riponcathedral.org.uk"                                                                                             
## [35] "www.rochestercathedral.org"                                                                                            
## [36] "www.stalbanscathedral.org.uk"                                                                                          
## [37] "www.stedscathedral.co.uk/"                                                                                             
## [38] "www.salisburycathedral.org.uk"                                                                                         
## [39] "http://www.sheffieldcathedral.org"                                                                                     
## [40] "www.southwellminster.org.uk"                                                                                           
## [41] "www.trurocathedral.org.uk"                                                                                             
## [42] "www.wakefield-cathedral.org.uk"                                                                                        
## [43] "www.wellscathedral.org.uk"                                                                                             
## [44] "www.winchester-cathedral.org.uk"                                                                                       
## [45] "http://www.worcestercathedral.co.uk"                                                                                   
## [46] "www.yorkminster.org"                                                                                                   
## [47] "www.stpatricks-cathedral.org"                                                                                          
## [48] "www.belfastcathedral.org"                                                                                              
## [49] "http://www.stcolumbscathedral.org"                                                                                     
## [50] "www.cathedral.aberdeen.anglican.org"                                                                                   
## [51] "http://www.saintpaulscathedral.net"                                                                                    
## [52] "http://grimsbyminster.com"                                                                                             
## [53] "www.cathedral.net"                                                                                                     
## [54] "www.cathedral.glasgow.anglican.org"                                                                                    
## [55] "www.invernesscathedral.co.uk"                                                                                          
## [56] "http://stjohnsoban.org.uk"                                                                                             
## [57] "www.perthcathedral.co.uk"                                                                                              
## [58] "http://bangorcathedral.churchinwales.org.uk"                                                                           
## [59] "www.breconcathedral.org.uk"                                                                                            
## [60] "www.llandaffcathedral.org.uk"                                                                                          
## [61] "www.churchinwales.org.uk/monmouth/diocese/cathedral/"                                                                  
## [62] "www.stasaphcathedral.org.uk"                                                                                           
## [63] "http://www.stdavidscathedral.org.uk/?id=760"                                                                           
## [64] "http://www.kings.cam.ac.uk/chapel/index.html"                                                                          
## [65] "www.joh.cam.ac.uk/chapel_and_choir"                                                                                    
## [66] "http://www.clare.cam.ac.uk/Chapel-and-Choir/"                                                                          
## [67] "http://stmariecathedral.org"                                                                                           
## [68] "www.stmaryscathedral.co.uk"                                                                                            
## [69] "https://www.joh.cam.ac.uk/chapel_and_choir"                                                                            
## [70] "www.leedsparishchurch.org.uk"                                                                                          
## [71] "http://www.royalhistorian.com/the-chapel-royal-at-st-jamess-palace-from-king-henry-viii-to-prince-george-of-cambridge/"
## [72] "http://www.chapelroyal.org"                                                                                            
## [73] "https://www.nottinghamcathedralmusic.com"                                                                              
## [74] "www.westminster-abbey.org"                                                                                             
## [75] "www.arundelcathedral.org"                                                                                              
## [76] "http://www.kings.cam.ac.uk/chapel/index.html"                                                                          
## [77] "http://www.magd.ox.ac.uk/chapel-and-choir/"                                                                            
## [78] "http://www.new.ox.ac.uk/chapel-choir"                                                                                  
## [79] "www.tewkesburyabbey.org.uk"                                                                                            
## [80] "www.stmaryswarwick.org.uk"                                                                                             
## [81] "www.stgeorges-windsor.org"                                                                                             
## [82] "www.stpeterschurch.uk.com"                                                                                             
## [83] "https://www.magd.cam.ac.uk/college-life/chapel"                                                                        
## [84] "www.southwark-rc-cathedral.org.uk"                                                                                     
## [85] "beverleyminster.org.uk"                                                                                                
## [86] "www.stgilescathedral.org.uk"                                                                                           
## [87] "www.stpatrickscathedral.ie"                                                                                            
## [88] "www.christchurchdublin.ie"                                                                                             
## [89] "www.procathedral.ie"
tail(cathedrals) #prints the cathedral postcodes which have been updated or added 
##    Cathedral.City             Cathedral.Name
## 84         London St George's Cathedral (RC)
## 85       Beverley           Beverley Minster
## 86      Edinburgh        St Giles' Cathedral
## 87         Dublin     St Patrick's Cathedral
## 88         Dublin    Christ Church Cathedral
## 89         Dublin    St Mary's Pro Cathedral
##                  Cathedral.Full.Title                 Cathedral.Website
## 84 St George's Cathedral (RC), London www.southwark-rc-cathedral.org.uk
## 85         Beverley Minster, Beverley            beverleyminster.org.uk
## 86     St Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh       www.stgilescathedral.org.uk
## 87     St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin        www.stpatrickscathedral.ie
## 88    Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin         www.christchurchdublin.ie
## 89    St Mary's Pro Cathedral, Dublin               www.procathedral.ie
##    Choir.Website Cathedral.Postcode Cathedral.Longitude Cathedral.Latitude
## 84                          SE1 7HY           -0.108837           51.49825
## 85                         HU17 0DP           -0.424593           53.83930
## 86                          EH1 1RE           -3.190890           55.94954
## 87                         D08 H6X3           -6.271538           53.33959
## 88                         D08 TF98           -6.271328           53.34348
## 89                         D01 DK83           -6.259059           53.35094
colnames(eateries) #displays the column names
## [1] "Eatery.Name"        "Eatery.Website"     "Eatery.Longitude"  
## [4] "Eatery.Latitude"    "Choir"              "Eatery.Description"
dim(eateries) #establishes the dimensions of the data frame
## [1] 39  6
head(eateries, n = 20) #displays the first fifty rows of the eateries data frame 
##                    Eatery.Name
## 1                   The Castle
## 2                  Asia Fusion
## 3                       Olives
## 4                     La Tasca
## 5                    The Bothy
## 6         The Viceroy of India
## 7  Akbar\\'s Indian Restaurant
## 8               Gurkha Kitchen
## 9              Lloyds no1 JDWS
## 10              Chinese Buffet
## 11          Malaysian Delights
## 12                      Nazmah
## 13                    Umbertos
## 14          The Sussex Brewery
## 15             The Gribble Inn
## 16                Lucky Dragon
## 17                 Curry Fever
## 18                      Aagrah
## 19            The Spice Lounge
## 20                Verulam Arms
##                                                     Eatery.Website
## 1                         http://www.cambridge-pubs.co.uk/red.html
## 2                                                                 
## 3                                                                 
## 4                                         http://www.latasca.co.uk
## 5  http://www.socialanimal.co.uk/site/content/default.asp?page=s28
## 6                                                                 
## 7                                          http://www.akbars.co.uk
## 8                                                                 
## 9                                                                 
## 10                                                                
## 11                                                                
## 12                                                                
## 13                                                                
## 14                                                                
## 15                                                                
## 16                                                                
## 17                                                                
## 18                                           http://www.aagrah.com
## 19                                                                
## 20                                                                
##    Eatery.Longitude Eatery.Latitude                                  Choir
## 1          0.114240        52.21166           Magdalene College, Cambridge
## 2         -2.886400        53.19102                      Chester Cathedral
## 3          1.297566        52.63233                      Norwich Cathedral
## 4          1.299476        52.63116                      Norwich Cathedral
## 5         -4.294409        55.87532 St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral, Glasgow
## 6         -1.077003        53.96332                           York Minster
## 7         -1.538343        53.79865                   Parish Church, Leeds
## 8         -1.313509        51.06365                   Winchester Cathedral
## 9          1.304132        52.62569                      Norwich Cathedral
## 10         1.304669        52.62611                      Norwich Cathedral
## 11         1.295163        52.62667                      Norwich Cathedral
## 12         1.296848        52.63392                      Norwich Cathedral
## 13         1.287996        52.63112                      Norwich Cathedral
## 14        -0.936584        50.84584                   Chichester Cathedral
## 15        -0.722007        50.83803                   Chichester Cathedral
## 16        -1.537485        53.79933                   Parish Church, Leeds
## 17        -1.121978        52.64942                    Leicester Cathedral
## 18        -1.533880        53.79731                   Parish Church, Leeds
## 19        -1.576495        54.77780                       Durham Cathedral
## 20        -0.346970        51.75334                    St Albans Cathedral
##                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Eatery.Description
## 1  This Adnams pub, with two storeys, two bars, a two level patio beer garden and two personalities, has a mixture of modern and old fashioned architecture, which has not changed much over the years. Originally two separate buildings, it retains many of the features of each. Bare wooden floors, wooden furniture and old pictures of Cambridge, give it a Victorian feel. There is a \\"snug\\" at one end of the lower bar. The menu consists of several fish dishes, Steaks, and lots of fabulous desserts and specials. Your meal can be washed down with any of a wide range of Adnams beers. The toilets are excellent and bar staff are friendly. You cannot visit Cambridge without a \\"Castle Burger\\". Pub is located at the bottom of the ONLY hill in Cambridge. Castle Hill has a good view of Cambridge. Parking in Cambridge is free after 5pm in most of the streets around Castle Hill and Pound Hill. You can also park in the Council Offices (Shire Hall) after 6pm for free, which is helpfully located directly behind the Castle pub!
## 2                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Our current favorite for all our curry needs. You can find lay clerks et al on most sunday evenings tucking in to a reasonably priced curry buffet washed down with cobra beer!
## 3                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Nice little coffee house. Great for just a coffee or a spot of lunch also
## 4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Spanish Tapas plenty of room, reasonably priced.
## 5                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The steak in The Bothy is absolutely fantastic, there\\'s a private room upstairs which can be booked free, and they serve excellent Sunday lunches.
## 6                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Indian Restaurant
## 7                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     A fantastic curry house on Eastgate five minutes walk from Leeds Parish Church.
## 8                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Quality curry at good prices
## 9                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Wetherspoons Lloyds bar with the usual eatery and beer associated with Wetherspoons
## 10                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Chinese Buffet, eat as much as you like! for a fixed price.
## 11                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Malaysian buffet type restuarant eat as much as you like! Cheaper at lunchtimes.
## 12                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      One of many Curry houses to choose from down magdalen St. All worth visiting.
## 13                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Italian, a little gem of a restaurant, everything cooked fresh so be prepared to wait. many other eateries down this road worth a visit.
## 14                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          36 Main Road, Hermitage, Sussex, PO10 8AU Tel: 01243 371533 Huge portions, huge sausage menu, own beer. This pub is that good, the Wakefield contingency ate there twice.
## 15                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Oving, Chichester, West Sussex, PO20 6BP  Tel: 01763 786893  Thatched pub, own beer, huge portions. Again, this pub is that good the Wakefield contingency ate there twice.     
## 16                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Templar Lane LS2 7LP 0113 245 0520.  Although the Gents of Leeds Parish Church Choir are curry eater\\'s at heart this is a superb Chinese restaurant with Chinese clientèle - probably the only place in Leeds that serves dim sum at night. Handy for Leeds Grand Theatre too!
## 17                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             139 Belgrave Rd, LE4 6AS - 0116 266 2941 Curry Fever is as good as any around Bradford. The VC10 onion salad is worthy of the \\"mile-high club\\".I had garlic chilli chicken (phew!!) and the locals were asking for it extra-hot. Phone first - they do shut occasional weeknights.
## 18                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         The newest addition to Leeds\\' Indian restaurants, residing beneath the new BBC Yorkshire Building joined to Leeds College of Music. Lovely food at not too dear a price.
## 19                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Conveniently close to the Tavern, for all our currying needs.
## 20
tail(eateries, n = 20) #displays the last five rows of the eateries data frame
##                               Eatery.Name
## 20                           Verulam Arms
## 21                       Bombay Brasserie
## 22           The Coldstreamer Inn, Gulval
## 23                      Shanaz, Edward St
## 24                            The Khukuri
## 25            Cafe Romna (Caveat Vorator)
## 26 Thaal, Doncaster Road Darfield S73 9HH
## 27                                  Jenas
## 28                                Arkaans
## 29                                Saffron
## 30                           Mughal Rasoi
## 31        Kings Headt at Redlynch SP5 2JT
## 32                                   Zouk
## 33                                 Aagrah
## 34                                 Gandhi
## 35                            Shahi Balti
## 36                        The Eastern Eye
## 37                     The Indian Village
## 38                               Ailshaan
## 39                       Kathmandu Palace
##                                                                             Eatery.Website
## 20                                                                                        
## 21                                                                                        
## 22                                                 http://www.coldstreamer-penzance.co.uk/
## 23                                                             http://www.theshanaz.co.uk/
## 24                                                            http://www.thekhukuri.co.uk/
## 25                                                                                        
## 26                                                                                        
## 27                                                                http://www.jenas-uk.com/
## 28 http://www.thomsonlocal.com/Arkaans-Restaurant/0354391911806488000/map/companyinfo.html
## 29              http://www.screenmenus.co.uk/restaurant_homepage.cfm?restaurantid=SAF00046
## 30                                                                                        
## 31                                                                                        
## 32                                                                                        
## 33                                                                                        
## 34                                               http://www.gandhirestaurant.com/Home.html
## 35                                                                                        
## 36                                                                                        
## 37                                                                                        
## 38                                                          http://www.alishaandurham.com/
## 39                                                 http://www.kathmandutruro.co.uk/&#8206;
##    Eatery.Longitude Eatery.Latitude
## 20        -0.346970        51.75334
## 21        -0.240261        52.57694
## 22        -5.476684        50.14347
## 23        -5.056672        50.26391
## 24        -3.215475        55.94656
## 25        -2.646331        51.20957
## 26        -1.369171        53.53214
## 27        -0.237885        52.57617
## 28        -1.393890        53.65074
## 29        -0.537665        53.23517
## 30        -0.954180        53.07885
## 31        -1.682281        51.00641
## 32        -1.714232        53.79501
## 33        -1.704168        53.79928
## 34        -1.310570        51.06169
## 35        -2.248539        51.86678
## 36        -1.831155        52.68331
## 37        -1.824846        52.68421
## 38        -1.582332        54.77799
## 39        -5.049804        50.26429
##                                       Choir
## 20                      St Albans Cathedral
## 21                   Peterborough Cathedral
## 22                          Truro Cathedral
## 23                          Truro Cathedral
## 24 St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral, Edinburgh
## 25                          Wells Cathedral
## 26                      Wakefield Cathedral
## 27                   Peterborough Cathedral
## 28                      Wakefield Cathedral
## 29                        Lincoln Cathedral
## 30                        Southwell Minster
## 31                      Salisbury Cathedral
## 32                       Bradford Cathedral
## 33                       Bradford Cathedral
## 34                     Winchester Cathedral
## 35                     Gloucester Cathedral
## 36                      Lichfield Cathedral
## 37                      Lichfield Cathedral
## 38                         Durham Cathedral
## 39                          Truro Cathedral
##                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Eatery.Description
## 20                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## 21                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Rony Choudhary has been serving delicious food in Peterborough for more than 25 years
## 22                                                                                                                                                                                   A bit of a trip but well worth it - as usual the Wakefield contingency went twice. A proper pub with decent guest real ales  and large portions of excellent grub.
## 23                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Well above average Indian (by Northern standards), again Wakefield crew went twice.
## 24                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## 25                                                                                                             Wakefield gentlemen ate here - the curry was top class (even by Bradford standards) BIG BUT ............ the waiter put a £22 gratuity on the credit card and denied it when challenged. Watch your card statement if you do eat here!!
## 26                                                                                                          This place is very good - the dishes have a \\"different\\" twist, portions are good. We haven\\'t had a bad experience there yet. Handy for all churches in the Pontefract Diocese - Well worth the diversion off the A1 Good idea to book
## 27                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 Somewhat hidden-away, but well worth seeking out. One of Peterborough\\'s better Indian restaurants.
## 28                                                                                                                                                                                                          Ex-Windmill pub Excellent curry, very cheap, cash only, bring your own booze  733 Doncaster Road, Crofton, Wakefield, WF4 1PX 01924 863399 
## 29 An endearing venue, with comically incompetent staff who take several hours to bring you your food. When it comes, however, the cuisine is marvellous. Try the Saffron Special Lamb Shank, or the mixed grill for a palatably titillating feed. Fill the waiting time with a bottle or three of Cobra with good friends, and while away an evening. 
## 30                                                                                                                                                                                  Now the curry house of choice for the Lay Clerks on Thursday nights. The Rector Chori says it makes him ill - but we think the curry is far superior to the Khyber.
## 31                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Ringwoods and Hopback beer. Food is top class - Wakefield went twice.
## 32                                                                                                                                                                                          We are spoilt for choice where curry is concerned in Bradford. This is the most recent of our finds. Excellent food and some unusual dishes. Moroccan beer!
## 33                                                                                                                                                                                                                A fairly regular haunt. Standard Aagrah chain fare but plenty of room and good parking. Handy for Leeds Ring Road and Pudsey By-pass.
## 34                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Exquisite Bangladeshi cuisine. 
## 35                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The best curry in town. Friendly and efficient.
## 36                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## 37                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## 38                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             A new curry house in Durham.  Very good.
## 39                                                                                                                              Only a stone\\'s throw away from both the Cathedral and the Scholars\\' house, the Kathmandu Palace is famed for its hospitality and fine food.  Friendly staff who are always happy to have the Cathedral choir party.

As before, a number of aporias in the eateries dataset become clear immediately. The websites are missing for many of the restaurants, and there is a wide disparity between the amount of information provided in each description. In many of them, there is no information whatsoever.

Seeing as Herrs Bach and Buxtehude are non-native English speakers, and it would be a priority of this webmap to attenuate the extent of their cultural dislocation in their travels around Albion, it was decided that standardising the formatting and spelling of these descriptions would be appropriate. As such, the backslashes and other formatting artefacts were removed and apostrophes were inserted where appropriate. The spelling of restaurants were changed where they were found to be incorrect, for example, ‘Nazmah’ was changed to ‘Nazma’.

It was also decided that each restaurant website would be validated as was done in the cathedrals dataset in order to avoid Herrs Bach and Buxtehude being sent to locations based on incorrect or outdated information. In the course of researching these newly updated websites, it was discovered that some of the restaurants derived from the initial imbibit dataset are no longer operational. These include Shahi Balti in Gloucester, Cafe Romna in Wells, Umbertos and Malaysian Delights in Norwich and Asia Fusion in Chester. With the rationale that the web map should be as reliable and contemporary as is possible to achieve, these restaurants were removed. As before, this was initially carried out within the R environment itself but in order to expedite the process, the websites and information were added into a copy of the initial imbibit spreadsheet and saved the the relevant working directory.

Restaurants which did not have their own websites within the csv file were added. These included establishments such as the aforementioned Nazma, Olive’s, Chinese Buffet, the King’s Head and the Lloyd’s, all located in Norwich, The Viceroy of India in York, Gurka’s in Winchester, The Sussex Brewery and the Gribble Inn in Sussex, the Lucky Dragon in Leeds, Curry Fever in Leicester, The Spice Lounge in Oxford, Verulam Arms in London, Bombay Brasserie in Kensington, Thaal in South Yorkshire, Mughal Rasoi in Nottinghamshire, Zouk in Bradford, Aagrah in Leeds, The Eastern Eye in Staffordshire and the Indian Village in Suffolk.

In instances in which the restaurants do not have their own websites, their Facebook page was used. If this was not extant, their TripAdvisor page and, failing that, their Yelp or Facebook page.

In instances in which descriptions were missing, the most recent review, which most closely corresponded to the restaurant’s rating on TripAdvisor was used. This was the case for restaurants such as The Foragers and Verulam Arms.

Postcodes and phone numbers were also removed from the restaurant name columns with the rationale that they were accessible on TripAdvisor and restaurant homepages.

This newly edited spreadsheet was saved in the form of a .csv file in the R working directory.

eateries <- read.csv("eateries.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE) #reads in the updated eateries.csv file and ensures the data are read as strings and not as factors

head(eateries) 
##                 Eatery.Name
## 1                The Castle
## 2                    Olives
## 3                  La Tasca
## 4                 The Bothy
## 5      The Viceroy of India
## 6 Akbar's Indian Restaurant
##                                                    Eatery.Website
## 1                        http://www.cambridge-pubs.co.uk/red.html
## 2                                  http://www.olivesnorwich.co.uk
## 3                                        http://www.latasca.co.uk
## 4 http://www.socialanimal.co.uk/site/content/default.asp?page=s28
## 5   https://take-a-way.co.uk/menu/5615/the-viceroy-of-india-york/
## 6                                         http://www.akbars.co.uk
##   Eatery.Longitude Eatery.Latitude                                  Choir
## 1         0.114240        52.21166           Magdalene College, Cambridge
## 2         1.297566        52.63233                      Norwich Cathedral
## 3         1.299476        52.63116                      Norwich Cathedral
## 4        -4.294409        55.87532 St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral, Glasgow
## 5        -1.077003        53.96332                           York Minster
## 6        -1.538343        53.79865                   Parish Church, Leeds
##                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Eatery.Description
## 1 This Adnams pub, with two storeys, two bars, a two level patio beer garden and two personalities, has a mixture of modern and old fashioned architecture, which has not changed much over the years. Originally two separate buildings, it retains many of the features of each. Bare wooden floors, wooden furniture and old pictures of Cambridge, give it a Victorian feel. There is a "snug" at one end of the lower bar. The menu consists of several fish dishes, Steaks, and lots of fabulous desserts and specials. Your meal can be washed down with any of a wide range of Adnams beers. The toilets are excellent and bar staff are friendly. You cannot visit Cambridge without a "Castle Burger". Pub is located at the bottom of the ONLY hill in Cambridge. Castle Hill has a good view of Cambridge. Parking in Cambridge is free after 5pm in most of the streets around Castle Hill and Pound Hill. You can also park in the Council Offices (Shire Hall) after 6pm for free, which is helpfully located directly behind the Castle pub!
## 2                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Nice little coffee house. Great for just a coffee or a spot of lunch also
## 3                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Spanish Tapas plenty of room, reasonably priced.
## 4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         The steak in The Bothy is absolutely fantastic, there's a private room upstairs which can be booked free, and they serve excellent Sunday lunches.
## 5                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Indian Restaurant
## 6                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            A fantastic curry house on Eastgate five minutes walk from Leeds Parish Church.
tail(eateries) # allows us to view the top and the bottom of the dataframe to validate all the data has been added and updated
##           Eatery.Name
## 29             Aagrah
## 30             Gandhi
## 31    The Eastern Eye
## 32 The Indian Village
## 33           Ailshaan
## 34   Kathmandu Palace
##                                                                                                               Eatery.Website
## 29         https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Restaurant_Review-g186408-d1448392-Reviews-Aagrah-Bradford_West_Yorkshire_England.html
## 30                                                                                 http://www.gandhirestaurant.com/Home.html
## 31                                                                                          http://easterneyelichfield.co.uk
## 32 https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Restaurant_Review-g186376-d2374130-Reviews-Indian_Village-Lichfield_Staffordshire_England.html
## 33                                                                                            http://www.alishaandurham.com/
## 34                                                                                   http://www.kathmandutruro.co.uk/&#8206;
##    Eatery.Longitude Eatery.Latitude                Choir
## 29        -1.704168        53.79928   Bradford Cathedral
## 30        -1.310570        51.06169 Winchester Cathedral
## 31        -1.831155        52.68331  Lichfield Cathedral
## 32        -1.824846        52.68421  Lichfield Cathedral
## 33        -1.582332        54.77799     Durham Cathedral
## 34        -5.049804        50.26429      Truro Cathedral
##                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Eatery.Description
## 29                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               A fairly regular haunt. Standard Aagrah chain fare but plenty of room and good parking. Handy for Leeds Ring Road and Pudsey By-pass.
## 30                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Exquisite Bangladeshi cuisine. 
## 31                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Came here with family a few days ago, food was prepared and served to a good standard. Lamb Shank was excellent compared to others Ive had in the past at other establishments and the Garlic and Corriander rice was superb. Spices were balanced and not overwhelming. Excellent service too, rebooked for the new year! My aunt at the Chicken Tikka Choyla - healthy and delicious.
## 32 Visited here on a Saturday night early doors. Pleasant dining room with modern decor. I had the scallops starter which was excellent and extremely good value, for £6 I was only expecting perhaps 3 scallops but it was a large portion of 6 or 7 and the accompanying sauce was lovely. Another diner had the lamb chop main course, she enjoyed this a lot and again was a very generous portion. I particularly liked that they offer a half & half main course where you can choose two different curries and receive them in a dual serving bowl giving you the opportunity to experience two different curries. Will definitely return. Only downside was the draft Indian lager was flat which I think was probably down to the glass it was served in. They replaced however with no fuss.
## 33                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            A new curry house in Durham.  Very good.
## 34                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Only a stone\\'s throw away from both the Cathedral and the Scholars\\' house, the Kathmandu Palace is famed for its hospitality and fine food.  Friendly staff who are always happy to have the Cathedral choir party.
colnames(pubs) #displays the column names
## [1] "Pub.Name"        "Pub.Website"     "Pob.Longitude"   "Pub.Latitude"   
## [5] "Choir"           "Pub.Description"
dim(pubs) #establishes the dimensions of the data frame
## [1] 181   6
head(pubs, n = 20) #displays the first five rows of the pubs dataframe 
##                     Pub.Name
## 1                 Briar Rose
## 2        The Old Joint Stock
## 3                  Old Royal
## 4             The Corn Dolly
## 5            The Alma Tavern
## 6               Bag O' Nails
## 7              The City Arms
## 8           The Olive Branch
## 9              The Boardroom
## 10               Park Tavern
## 11                   Brown's
## 12 The Standing Order (JDWS)
## 13    The Shakespeare Tavern
## 14              The Fountain
## 15            The Well House
## 16   The Great Western Hotel
## 17      The White Hart Hotel
## 18         The George Abbott
## 19                  The Ship
## 20                The Plough
##                                                           Pub.Website
## 1         www.jdwetherspoon.co.uk/pubfinder/details.php?PubNumber=791
## 2                    www.pubs247.co.uk/pubPages/pub_main.asp?id=23815
## 3                       www.beerintheevening.com/pubs/show.shtml/4340
## 4                   www.pubfoodguide.com/pubs/bradford-corn-dolly.htm
## 5   www.britishpubguide.com/cgi-bin/pubsearch.cgi?results:Bristol:148
## 6                                               www.bagonails.org.uk/
## 7                                                                    
## 8                                                                    
## 9                  www.pubfoodguide.co.uk/pubs/carlisle-boardroom.htm
## 10 www.travelpublishing.co.uk/HiddenInnsSouthEast/Sussex/ise19151.htm
## 11                                      www.brownsindependentbar.com/
## 12      www.jdwetherspoon.co.uk/pubfinder/details.php?OutletNumber=32
## 13                                     www.pubsgalore.co.uk/pubs/5568
## 14                             www.localsecrets.com/review.cfm?id=162
## 15                                    www.greatbeer.co.uk/devweho.htm
## 16                                       www.great-western-hotel.com/
## 17                 english-inns.co.uk/Eldridge-Pope/WhiteHart-Exeter/
## 18  www.britishpubguide.com/cgi-bin/pubsearch.cgi?results:Surrey:3505
## 19                       www.beerintheevening.com/pubs/show.shtml/294
## 20                       www.beerintheevening.com/pubs/show.shtml/724
##    Pob.Longitude Pub.Latitude                Choir
## 1      -1.900053     52.47993 Birmingham Cathedral
## 2      -1.900096     52.48073 Birmingham Cathedral
## 3      -1.901474     52.48321 Birmingham Cathedral
## 4      -1.747351     53.79839   Bradford Cathedral
## 5      -2.614666     51.46260    Bristol Cathedral
## 6      -2.607055     51.45094    Bristol Cathedral
## 7       1.081365     51.27873 Canterbury Cathedral
## 8       1.081517     51.27885 Canterbury Cathedral
## 9      -2.939518     54.89519   Carlisle Cathedral
## 10     -0.777626     50.83879 Chichester Cathedral
## 11     -1.506972     52.40712   Coventry Cathedral
## 12     -1.478165     52.92416      Derby Cathedral
## 13     -1.574513     54.77584     Durham Cathedral
## 14      0.261440     52.39657        Ely Cathedral
## 15     -3.531140     50.72310     Exeter Cathedral
## 16     -3.542194     50.73056     Exeter Cathedral
## 17     -3.530185     50.72034     Exeter Cathedral
## 18     -0.579490     51.22640  Guildford Cathedral
## 19     -0.597480     51.26494  Guildford Cathedral
## 20     -0.578493     51.23505  Guildford Cathedral
##                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Pub.Description
## 1                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Cheap, but Wetherspoons chain
## 2                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## 3                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Sunday lunch
## 4      This is the only pub that the Bradford Lay Clerks visit now on a regular basis. It is very convenient for the cathedral, has excellent beer and a good ambience. Updated 2012. This is still our usual haunt on Mondays & Tuesdays and Sundays after Evensong. 
## 5  Alma Vale Road, Clifton, Bristol - Friendly mix of students and grown-ups, Courage Best and Smiles IPA + 1 guest ale, good food (not 'pub grub' but not 'gastro-pub' either), small back garden, theatre upstairs and good curry house just down the round as well.
## 6                                               Jacobs Well Road, Bristol - Very small real ale pub, most unfriendly landlord in Bristol, 5 or 6 real ales which change weekly, no proper food - once featured in FHM Magazine in their 'Worst pub in Britain' column.
## 7                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## 8                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## 9                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
## 10                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## 11                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## 12                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## 13                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## 14              Beautiful and traditional, Her Majesty's Fountain is truly the Cathedral pub! With a wide selection of real ales (including a weekly guest) and a large open fire, the pub is cosy and warm, and a favourite of cathedral types. NB no food is served.
## 15                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
## 16                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Fridays, over a mile from the Cathedral
## 17                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        occasionally
## 18                                                                                                                            A large town centre pub, but quite quiet on weeknights and they keep a good drop of beer. Don't eat there though - the food is shocking!
## 19                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           Sunday lunchtimes usually
## 20
tail(pubs, n = 20) #displays the last five rows of the pubs dataframe
##                                      Pub.Name
## 162                         The Final Whistle
## 163                         The Bramley Apple
## 164            Black Boy, Winchester SO23 9NP
## 165 Flowerpot Brewery Tap, Cheriton SO24 0QQ 
## 166                               The Beehive
## 167                                 Pied Bull
## 168                             Midland Hotel
## 169                               The Sun Inn
## 170                          The Thomas Lloyd
## 171                         George and Dragon
## 172                          Horse and Jockey
## 173                           The Jolly Judge
## 174                                   Astolat
## 175                      The Dick Whittington
## 176                               The Pelican
## 177                                White Hart
## 178                           The Lord Edward
## 179                       The Bull and Castle
## 180                             The John Duck
## 181                         St Aldates Tavern
##                                                   Pub.Website
## 162                                                          
## 163                                                          
## 164                                                          
## 165                                   www.flowerpots.f2s.com/
## 166                  www.jimsyard.biz/thebeehivepeterborough/
## 167                                        www.piedbull.co.uk
## 168                                                          
## 169                                 www.suninnbeverley.co.uk/
## 170        www.jdwetherspoon.co.uk/home/pubs/the-thomas-lloyd
## 171                                                          
## 172                                                          
## 173                                      www.jollyjudge.co.uk
## 174 www.beerintheevening.com/pubs/s/38/3880/Astolat/Guildford
## 175                                                          
## 176                                                          
## 177                                                          
## 178                                        www.lordedward.ie/
## 179                             bull-and-castle.fxbuckley.ie/
## 180                                                          
## 181                              staldatestavernoxford.co.uk/
##     Pob.Longitude Pub.Latitude                                 Choir
## 162     -0.947067     53.08198                     Southwell Minster
## 163     -0.949059     53.07623                     Southwell Minster
## 164     -1.307845     51.05750                  Winchester Cathedral
## 165     -1.165924     51.05132                  Winchester Cathedral
## 166     -0.245377     52.57025                Peterborough Cathedral
## 167     -2.892902     53.19296                     Chester Cathedral
## 168     -1.753639     53.79672                    Bradford Cathedral
## 169     -0.423540     53.83928            Beverley Minster, Beverley
## 170     -1.590252     52.28223 Collegiate Church of St Mary, Warwick
## 171     -1.833580     52.68614                   Lichfield Cathedral
## 172     -1.830790     52.68255                   Lichfield Cathedral
## 173     -3.193913     55.94939        St Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh
## 174     -0.589099     51.23699                   Guildford Cathedral
## 175     -2.249418     51.86716                  Gloucester Cathedral
## 176     -2.247037     51.86901                  Gloucester Cathedral
## 177     -0.339890     51.75233                   St Albans Cathedral
## 178     -6.270103     53.34310       Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin
## 179     -6.269905     53.34345        St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
## 180     -1.573867     54.77795                      Durham Cathedral
## 181     -1.257216     51.75109       Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford
##                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Pub.Description
## 162                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Superb range of 10 real ales and 6 real ciders. Excellent bar snacks include various sizes of pork pies, pasties, cheese and biscuits etc.
## 163                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Springhead Brewery pub. New landlord had reintroduced carvery and it was looking good - but then the floods of July 2013 wrecked it - so currently shut
## 164                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Quirky pub - flagstones with lots of snugs,sofas etc. Large selection of local beers - look out for Flowerpot and NorthStar beers. Beer heaven.
## 165                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Gorgeous beer - unpretentious pub food. Brewery on the premses
## 166                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     A smart pub, fairly recently refurbished (rather more up-market than one would expect to find on the corner of an Asda car park). Guest beers from Castor Ales and elsewhere. Part of the Jim's Restaurants group.
## 167                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The Coach House and The Pied Bull are used by the lay clerks and the voluntary Nave Choir. Duttons and The Shropshire Arms have not been used for a long time so should be removed.
## 168                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        A favourite with some for Sunday Lunch. A grand Victorian former railway hotel.
## 169 This recommendation is not from a member of the Minster Choir, but that of a member of the choir of St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral, Glasgow when we sang in the Minster for a weekend in July 2012.  The Sun Inn, right across from the east end of the Minster, served good Real Ale and the staff were very friendly. Decent live music included Blues and covers of Rolling Stones tracks, and we managed to use the smallish beer garden to avoid the loudest of this!  Although they did Sunday lunch, which by all accounts was good, it seems they don't do any food at other times, but they handed round plates of free hotdogs on the Saturday night, and on the Sunday after Evensong they were switched on enough to agree to allow us to discreetly bring takeaway pizzas into the beer garden (via the yard door) so that we didn't just up sticks and go elsewhere!  One negative comment from a chorister was that they didn't sell Port, but we also found the Dog and Duck at the other end of the town which did so she ended up happy (since in any case that's where several of us were staying - which is also well recommended).  So, for visiting Beverley, stay at the Dog and Duck, and drink in the Sun Inn.
## 170                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## 171                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## 172                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## 173                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Rehearsal night - Thursday.  Has free wi-fi.  Excellent range of Scottish beers and single malts.
## 174                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## 175                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Well kept beer in historic suroundings. Beer garden down a steep slope with view of the Cathedral Tower.
## 176                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Wye Valley Bitter at its very best. Cheeper than most pubs unless you like Wetherspoons. Happy Hour 5-6, £2 a pint - no good for Lay Cerks!
## 177                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Our Ex-Choristers Association also favour this pub
## 178                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## 179                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
## 180                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           A great pub slightly \\"lively\\" at weekends but great mid-week. At least 10 real ales on tap all the time.
## 181

As was the case in the previous two dataframes, much of the information to be derived from this pubs dataset is absent, such as websites and descriptions.

In the process of researching errant information on websites such as TripAdvisor, Yelp and Facebook, it became clear that there are many pubs which have changed names, locations or closed down, such as Fourpence and Firkin, which is now called O’Neill’s. Insofar as could be determined through the internet, without visiting these locations themselves, this information was updated, and pubs which were found to have closed were removed.

Websites were adjusted to provide access to live pages, as in the cases of Olive Branch Canterbury, Peter Kavanagh’s in Liverpool, The Pickerel Inn in Cambridge, The Cooper’s Arms in Derby, Harry’s Bar in Leeds and Teuchter’s Bar in Edinburgh amongst others.

Ossian’s in Edinburgh, The Plough in Worcester, the Globe in Leicester, Brown’s in Birmingham, Mason’s Arms in Ipswich, Cast in Nottingham, The Cloisters in Solisbury, The Plough in Guildford and Dogma in Coventry were all removed from the dataset, as they were found to have been closed, insofar as this can be validated from online sources, and not visiting the establishments in person. One instance of Barley Mow in Westminster, which has been entered twice, was removed.

This newly edited spreadsheet was saved in the form of a csv file in the R working directory.

pubs <- read.csv("pubs.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE) #reads in the updated pubs.csv file and ensures the data are read as strings and not as factors

head(pubs, n = 20) 
##                     Pub.Name Pob.Longitude Pub.Latitude
## 1                 Briar Rose     -1.900053     52.47993
## 2        The Old Joint Stock     -1.900096     52.48073
## 3                  Old Royal     -1.901474     52.48321
## 4             The Corn Dolly     -1.747351     53.79839
## 5            The Alma Tavern     -2.614666     51.46260
## 6               Bag O' Nails     -2.607055     51.45094
## 7              The City Arms      1.081365     51.27873
## 8       The Old Buttermarket      1.081517     51.27885
## 9              The Boardroom     -2.939518     54.89519
## 10               Park Tavern     -0.777626     50.83879
## 11 The Standing Order (JDWS)     -1.478165     52.92416
## 12    The Shakespeare Tavern     -1.574513     54.77584
## 13              The Fountain      0.261440     52.39657
## 14            The Well House     -3.531140     50.72310
## 15   The Great Western Hotel     -3.542194     50.73056
## 16      The White Hart Hotel     -3.530185     50.72034
## 17         The George Abbott     -0.579490     51.22640
## 18          Ye Olde Ship Inn     -0.597480     51.26494
## 19               Wates House     -0.587946     51.24257
## 20    Rutland and Derby Arms     -1.136042     52.63241
##                                                                                                                    Pub.Website
## 1                                  https://www.jdwetherspoon.com/pubs/all-pubs/england/west-midlands/the-briar-rose-birmingham
## 2                                                                                               http://www.oldjointstock.co.uk
## 3                                                                                      https://www.theoldroyalbirmingham.co.uk
## 4                                                                                                     http://www.corndolly.pub
## 5                                                                                        http://www.almatavernandtheatre.co.uk
## 6                                                                                       https://www.facebook.com/TheBagofCats/
## 7                                                                                              http://www.thecityarmspub.co.uk
## 8                                          https://www.nicholsonspubs.co.uk/restaurants/southeast/theoldbuttermarketcanterbury
## 9            https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Restaurant_Review-g190736-d8461961-Reviews-The_Boardroom-Carlisle_Cumbria_England.html
## 10                                                                                     http://www.park-tavern-chichester.co.uk
## 11                                     https://www.jdwetherspoon.com/pubs/all-pubs/england/derbyshire/the-standing-order-derby
## 12 https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Attraction_Review-g190832-d10106462-Reviews-Shakespeare_Tavern-Durham_County_Durham_England.html
## 13                                                                                    https://www.facebook.com/FountainElyPub/
## 14           https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Restaurant_Review-g186254-d1874050-Reviews-Well_House_Tavern-Exeter_Devon_England.html
## 15                                                                                          http://www.greatwesternhotel.co.uk
## 16                                                                                        https://www.whitehartpubexeter.co.uk
## 17                                                                 https://www.greeneking-pubs.co.uk/pubs/surrey/george-abbot/
## 18                                                                                               https://www.yeoldeshipinn.pub
## 19                                                                                        https://www.facebook.com/WatesHouse/
## 20                                                                                         http://www.therutlandandderby.co.uk
##                   Choir
## 1  Birmingham Cathedral
## 2  Birmingham Cathedral
## 3  Birmingham Cathedral
## 4    Bradford Cathedral
## 5     Bristol Cathedral
## 6     Bristol Cathedral
## 7  Canterbury Cathedral
## 8  Canterbury Cathedral
## 9    Carlisle Cathedral
## 10 Chichester Cathedral
## 11      Derby Cathedral
## 12     Durham Cathedral
## 13        Ely Cathedral
## 14     Exeter Cathedral
## 15     Exeter Cathedral
## 16     Exeter Cathedral
## 17  Guildford Cathedral
## 18  Guildford Cathedral
## 19  Guildford Cathedral
## 20  Leicester Cathedral
##                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Pub.Description
## 1                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Cheap, but Wetherspoons chain
## 2                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            We are always compelled to return here for a drink when we visit Birmingham ; it seems like there is always something new to see. Beers are always well kept and a good choice and the place always appears clean and welcoming. 
## 3                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Nice traditional style city centre boozer. Speedy service, clean tables and a good atmosphere. Always head here when out in town.
## 4                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               This is the only pub that the Bradford Lay Clerks visit now on a regular basis. It is very convenient for the cathedral, has excellent beer and a good ambience. Updated 2012. This is still our usual haunt on Mondays & Tuesdays and Sundays after Evensong.
## 5                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Alma Vale Road, Clifton, Bristol - Friendly mix of students and grown-ups, Courage Best and Smiles IPA + 1 guest ale, good food (not 'pub grub' but not 'gastro-pub' either), small back garden, theatre upstairs and good curry house just down the round as well.
## 6                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       Jacobs Well Road, Bristol - Very small real ale pub, most unfriendly landlord in Bristol, 5 or 6 real ales which change weekly, no proper food - once featured in FHM Magazine in their 'Worst pub in Britain' column.
## 7                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Went here for lunch on a whim .it doesn't look much from the outside or in but looks can be deceiving, staff were nice and the food was even nicer . I had chicken pate and my wife had brie and it was lovely and everyone in there said how good the food is especially the salad.
## 8  traditional pub fayre, with pleasant atmosphere. Upon arrival at bar, we were ignored, until Dave appeared. We decided to go straight to our table, which he had to finish off preparing. It took a while for everyone to decide what they wanted to eat. Sadly, quite a bit of the menu was not available.. However, our guests enjoyed what they ordered. I did not. It was not hot enough, and was served on cold plates. As the kitchen is upstairs, the travelling time from plating up the food to actual service delivery affects the temperature! There were no biscuits for the cheese on this visit either. Not an unpleasant experience, just 1 or 2 things that need improving.
## 9                                                                                                                                                                                     We visited on a quick stopover to Carlisle. It is conveniently situated next to the cathedral- Paternoster Row gives you a clue. I ordered Cumberland sausage which came promptly and was served with chips and peas which was ok. My friend had a tuna and cheese melt panini and certainly not ok. She took it back as it was inedible. The only reason I am giving a 3 rating instead of a 2 is because it was replaced with another meal which was ok. The bar lacked atmosphere and we didn't stay.
## 10                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Always great. Feel welcome whenever. Best homemade bar snacks. Events and musicians. Highly recommended for all!
## 11                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Normally my reviews are reasonably positive, and when I find an establishment I like it takes a lot for me to pick on the negative. Sadly, this is the case with my recent visit to The Standing Order for breakfast. 
## 12                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Stopped in here for a quick drink and stopped a while! The staff are lovely and the clientele are amazing.
## 13                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Beautiful and traditional, Her Majesty's Fountain is truly the Cathedral pub! With a wide selection of real ales (including a weekly guest) and a large open fire, the pub is cosy and warm, and a favourite of cathedral types. NB no food is served.
## 14                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   I had checked into the Rougement hotel earlier in the afternoon & headed toward the centre of town to spend a couple of hours whiling away the afternoon. It was a pleasant sunny afternoon, so where better to take a drink than close to the Cathedral.
## 15                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Fridays, over a mile from the Cathedral
## 16                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                occasionally
## 17                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    A large town centre pub, but quite quiet on weeknights and they keep a good drop of beer. Don't eat there though - the food is shocking!
## 18                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Sunday lunchtimes usually
## 19                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The staff & postgrad bar of the University of Surrey (just down the hill from the cathedral)
## 20                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           We came in by chance and find fine food ,friendly people,the choise of draft beers correct I do recommend it!!!!!
tail(pubs, n = 20) # examines the top and bottom of the pubs dataframe to ensure the data has been added and updated
##                  Pub.Name Pob.Longitude Pub.Latitude
## 151     The Final Whistle     -0.947067     53.08198
## 152     The Bramley Apple     -0.949059     53.07623
## 153             Black Boy     -1.307845     51.05750
## 154 Flowerpot Brewery Tap     -1.165924     51.05132
## 155           The Beehive     -0.245377     52.57025
## 156             Pied Bull     -2.892902     53.19296
## 157         Midland Hotel     -1.753639     53.79672
## 158           The Sun Inn     -0.423540     53.83928
## 159      The Thomas Lloyd     -1.590252     52.28223
## 160     George and Dragon     -1.833580     52.68614
## 161      Horse and Jockey     -1.830790     52.68255
## 162       The Jolly Judge     -3.193913     55.94939
## 163               Astolat     -0.589099     51.23699
## 164  The Dick Whittington     -2.249418     51.86716
## 165           The Pelican     -2.247037     51.86901
## 166            White Hart     -0.339890     51.75233
## 167       The Lord Edward     -6.270103     53.34310
## 168   The Bull and Castle     -6.269905     53.34345
## 169         The John Duck     -1.573867     54.77795
## 170     St Aldates Tavern     -1.257216     51.75109
##                                                                                                                                          Pub.Website
## 151 https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Restaurant_Review-g1173140-d11624229-Reviews-The_Final_Whistle-Southwell_Newark_on_Trent_Nottinghamshire_England.html
## 152   https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Hotel_Review-g1173140-d2100416-Reviews-The_Bramley_Apple_Inn-Southwell_Newark_on_Trent_Nottinghamshire_England.html
## 153                                                                                                                    http://www.theblackboypub.com
## 154                                                                                                              http://www.flowerpotscheriton.co.uk
## 155                                                                                                                      http://www.beehivepub.co.uk
## 156                                                                                                                        http://www.piedbull.co.uk
## 157                               https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Hotel_Review-g186408-d192694-Reviews-Midland_Hotel-Bradford_West_Yorkshire_England.html
## 158                                                                                                                  http://www.suninnbeverley.co.uk
## 159                                                                                                                  http://www.suninnbeverley.co.uk
## 160                     https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Attraction_Review-g186376-d6680632-Reviews-George_and_Dragon-Lichfield_Staffordshire_England.html
## 161                                                                                                           https://www.horseandjockeyfreeford.com
## 162                                                                                                                      http://www.jollyjudge.co.uk
## 163                                                                                                                http://www.astolatpub.co.uk/index
## 164                                                                                                              http://www.thedickwhittington.co.uk
## 165                              https://www.tripadvisor.ie/Attraction_Review-g187047-d8746041-Reviews-The_Pelican-Gloucester_Cotswolds_England.html
## 166                                                                                                          http://www.whiteharthotelstalbans.co.uk
## 167                                                                                                                         http://www.lordedward.ie
## 168                                                                                                    https://www.fxbuckley.ie/the-bull-and-castle/
## 169                                                                                                          https://www.facebook.com/john.duck.581/
## 170                                                                                                           http://www.staldatestavernoxford.co.uk
##                                     Choir
## 151                     Southwell Minster
## 152                     Southwell Minster
## 153                  Winchester Cathedral
## 154                  Winchester Cathedral
## 155                Peterborough Cathedral
## 156                     Chester Cathedral
## 157                    Bradford Cathedral
## 158            Beverley Minster, Beverley
## 159 Collegiate Church of St Mary, Warwick
## 160                   Lichfield Cathedral
## 161                   Lichfield Cathedral
## 162        St Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh
## 163                   Guildford Cathedral
## 164                  Gloucester Cathedral
## 165                  Gloucester Cathedral
## 166                   St Albans Cathedral
## 167       Christ Church Cathedral, Dublin
## 168        St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin
## 169                      Durham Cathedral
## 170       Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford
##                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Pub.Description
## 151                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             Superb range of 10 real ales and 6 real ciders. Excellent bar snacks include various sizes of pork pies, pasties, cheese and biscuits etc.
## 152                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Springhead Brewery pub. New landlord had reintroduced carvery and it was looking good - but then the floods of July 2013 wrecked it - so currently shut
## 153                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Quirky pub - flagstones with lots of snugs,sofas etc. Large selection of local beers - look out for Flowerpot and NorthStar beers. Beer heaven.
## 154                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Gorgeous beer - unpretentious pub food. Brewery on the premses
## 155                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     A smart pub, fairly recently refurbished (rather more up-market than one would expect to find on the corner of an Asda car park). Guest beers from Castor Ales and elsewhere. Part of the Jim's Restaurants group.
## 156                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The Coach House and The Pied Bull are used by the lay clerks and the voluntary Nave Choir. Duttons and The Shropshire Arms have not been used for a long time so should be removed.
## 157                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        A favourite with some for Sunday Lunch. A grand Victorian former railway hotel.
## 158 This recommendation is not from a member of the Minster Choir, but that of a member of the choir of St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral, Glasgow when we sang in the Minster for a weekend in July 2012.  The Sun Inn, right across from the east end of the Minster, served good Real Ale and the staff were very friendly. Decent live music included Blues and covers of Rolling Stones tracks, and we managed to use the smallish beer garden to avoid the loudest of this!  Although they did Sunday lunch, which by all accounts was good, it seems they don't do any food at other times, but they handed round plates of free hotdogs on the Saturday night, and on the Sunday after Evensong they were switched on enough to agree to allow us to discreetly bring takeaway pizzas into the beer garden (via the yard door) so that we didn't just up sticks and go elsewhere!  One negative comment from a chorister was that they didn't sell Port, but we also found the Dog and Duck at the other end of the town which did so she ended up happy (since in any case that's where several of us were staying - which is also well recommended).  So, for visiting Beverley, stay at the Dog and Duck, and drink in the Sun Inn.
## 159                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Went here as I have eaten at this chain previously. I found the staff very rude and abrupt and did not give me chance to add extras to my order - I had to get her to add it on!! I sat outside and my food was more or less thrown at me with no info on where the cutlery and condiments were! Get your act together - you are a disappointment.
## 160                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Traditional 2 roomed pub with car park and beer garden close to Lichfield Cathedral. Eight well kept cask ales served. Friendly environment and cosy interior.
## 161                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           best lasagne I have ever had. portion sizes are great. had the brownie for desert which was also delicious. would come again
## 162                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Rehearsal night - Thursday.  Has free wi-fi.  Excellent range of Scottish beers and single malts.
## 163                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The food was excellent especially for the price and the staff were nice and friendly. I definitely recommend this pub and having the Sunday roast dinner!!!
## 164                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Well kept beer in historic suroundings. Beer garden down a steep slope with view of the Cathedral Tower.
## 165                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Wye Valley Bitter at its very best. Cheeper than most pubs unless you like Wetherspoons. Happy Hour 5-6, £2 a pint - no good for Lay Cerks!
## 166                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Our Ex-Choristers Association also favour this pub
## 167                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     The Lord Ed has been a long time favourite of mine. The upstairs bar is cozy and a great place to meet friends, the downstairs bar is a bit rougher round the edges but welcoming nonetheless. For aficionados the Guinness downstairs is better and the perfect accompaniment is one of their toasted sandwiches.
## 168                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Five of us had excellent food in a great surrounding. The meat was really well aged and cooked, everyone raved about the chips in beef dripping.and the selection of craft beers was perfect. Waiters were very helpful and efficient. Will definitely go back, especially if on my way to vicar st.
## 169                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           A great pub slightly \\"lively\\" at weekends but great mid-week. At least 10 real ales on tap all the time.
## 170                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Love going here for drinks post work and at weekends
webmap <- leaflet() %>%  #creates object webmap, which is a leaflet object
  addTiles() %>%         #tiles added
  addCircleMarkers(lng = cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude, lat = cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude, color = "firebrick", weight = 8, label = cathedrals$Cathedral.Full.Title, popup = paste(cathedrals$Cathedral.Website, cathedrals$Cathedral.Postcode)) %>% #cathedrals circlemarkers added, longitude and latitude assigned based on the contents of the dataframe. The colour "firebrick" was used in order to differentiate the cathedrals from the other data points as these are, after all, the objects of Bach and Buxtehude's journey. A label was used with the full title of the cathedral when it is hovered over, and the popup contains the cathedral website as well as the cathedral's postcode, should more information about choral performances or locations (for logistical and directional purposes be required)
  addCircleMarkers(lng = eateries$Eatery.Longitude, lat = eateries$Eatery.Latitude, color = "blue", weight = 8, label = eateries$Eatery.Name, popup = paste(eateries$Eatery.Description, eateries$Eatery.Website)) %>% #eateries circlemarkers added, longitude and latitude assigned based on the contents of the eateries dataframe. The colour "blue" is used, and a weight of 8. The label provides the eatery name while the popup contains a description of the restaurant, which was derived either from the original dataset, or a representative comment from TripAdvisor, and the restaurant website.
  addCircleMarkers(lng = pubs$Pob.Longitude, pubs$Pub.Latitude, color = "green", weight = 8, label = pubs$Pub.Name, popup = paste(pubs$Pub.Description, pubs$Pub.Website)) #adds the pubs circlemarkers, longitude and latitude are assigned, and the colour green was used. The label contains the name of the pub, while the popup contains a description of the pub, either from the original dataset or a representative comment from TripAdvisor and the Pub Website.
webmap

The default leaflet map was used, for the reason that it provides street data and other useful information such as landmarks, as opposed to the more indistinct, albeit perhaps more visually pleasing maps such as the watercolour or toner options.

As was clear from the data exploration above, which becomes even clearer when the data is mapped visually, there are far more pubs (170), denoted in green, than there are restaurants (34), or indeed, cathedrals (89). This has the consequence that the pubs tend to occlude the cathedrals or retaurants unless one zooms into town centres quite closely as, obviously, these cathedrals, pubs and restaurants are all located in town centres rather than in isolated or more rural areas. The only exceptions to this are Chelmsford, Scotland, Northern Ireland and Bangor in North West Wales, the only parts of the map in which red points can be discerned from the default zoom setting.

It was also found, on examining the circle markers closer, that some of the cathedrals are longitudes and latitudes are insufficiently accurate. The coordinates for Derby Cathedral, for instance, would place the two men in a European restaurant across the road. It would therefore be necessary to update the co-ordinates in the case of the aforementioned Derby, Gloucester Cathedral, Carlisle Cathedral, Inverness Cathedral, St. Patrick’s Cathedral in Armagh, Bangor Cathedral in Wales, St. John’s Episcopal Church in Oban, St. Ninian’s Cathedral in Perth, Leicester Cathedral and Newport cathedral amongst others. Changes that were made to the coordinates were discretionary – if the circle marker was located in a car park across the road from the cathedral, the archbishop’s house on the premises, or a graveyard adjacent, the circle marker was left where it was. If the church to which the circle marker was most closely aligned was not immediately clear due to the number of churches in the area, as is the case in Armagh, the co-ordinates were emended based on information derived from Google Maps. The correction was then validated in Leaflet.

#these are all the cathedrals to which 

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[7] <- -2.939155
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[7] <- 54.894722

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[12] <- -1.477315
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[12] <- 52.924835

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[16] <- -2.246816
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[16] <- 51.867354

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[47] <- -6.656344
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[47] <- 54.347812

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[49] <- -7.323069
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[49] <- 54.993897

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[58] <- -4.127665
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[58] <- 53.226429

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[56] <- -5.473477
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[56] <- 56.416613

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[57] <- -3.435288
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[57] <- 56.399009

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[20] <- -1.137146
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[20] <- 52.634650

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[29] <- -1.611337
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[29] <- 54.970076

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[31] <- -1.254741
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[31] <- 51.750027

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[57] <- -4.229163
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[57] <- 57.474440

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[61] <- -2.997261
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[61] <- 51.582730

cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude[71] <- -0.137794
cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude[71] <- 51.504647
webmap <- leaflet() %>%  #creates object webmap, which is a leaflet object
  addTiles() %>%         #tiles added
  addCircleMarkers(lng = cathedrals$Cathedral.Longitude, lat = cathedrals$Cathedral.Latitude, color = "firebrick", weight = 8, label = cathedrals$Cathedral.Full.Title, popup = paste(cathedrals$Cathedral.Website, cathedrals$Cathedral.Postcode)) %>% #cathedrals circlemarkers added, longitude and latitude assigned based on the contents of the dataframe. The colour "firebrick" was used in order to differentiate the cathedrals from the other data points as these are, after all, the objects of Bach and Buxtehude's journey. A label was used with the full title of the cathedral when it is hovered over, and the popup contains the cathedral website as well as the cathedral's postcode, should more information about choral performances or locations (for logistical and directional purposes be required)
  addCircleMarkers(lng = eateries$Eatery.Longitude, lat = eateries$Eatery.Latitude, color = "blue", weight = 8, label = eateries$Eatery.Name, popup = paste(eateries$Eatery.Description, eateries$Eatery.Website)) %>% #eateries circlemarkers added, longitude and latitude assigned based on the contents of the eateries dataframe. The colour "blue" is used, and a weight of 8. The label provides the eatery name while the popup contains a description of the restaurant, which was derived either from the original dataset, or a representative comment from TripAdvisor, and the restaurant website.
  addCircleMarkers(lng = pubs$Pob.Longitude, pubs$Pub.Latitude, color = "green", weight = 8, label = pubs$Pub.Name, popup = paste(pubs$Pub.Description, pubs$Pub.Website), fillOpacity = 0.1) #adds the pubs circlemarkers, longitude and latitude are assigned, and the colour green was used. The label contains the name of the pub, while the popup contains a description of the pub, either from the original dataset or a representative comment from TripAdvisor and the Pub Website.
webmap

This change to the opacity makes only a small difference from above, due to the sheer volume of pubs in the dataset, but is only moderately adjusted precisely due to the fact that when one zooms in on a particular town, the circle markers become more dispersed, making them easier to see in isolation. It makes for a somewhat congested and unsightly map at first, but when it comes to making the web interface fit for purpose, it is the best available option.

Example:

Say Herrs Bach and Buxtehude’s first port of call is Norwich Cathedral in the South east of the country. If the vector of their movements as outlined in the brief is to be adhered to, i.e. choir -> pub -> restaurant, they would be ‘The Wig and Pen’. However, following investigation of some of the other green data points, they discover that The King’s Head, not too far of a distance to walk, was voted pub of the year in 2006. After a few drinks at this location, they check the web interface again, and find Nazma to not only be the most proximate, but also the most agreeable to their current need for curry, as the comment informs them.

Based on this projected hypothetical, the web interface works quite well. However, it’s not perfect. The popup displays the website of each restaurant or drinking establishment, but due to the syntax of the popup command, it seems to prevent the addition of html components without breaking the pipeline and therefore r script. Various experiments were tried using apostrophes as opposed to quotation marks but these proved unsuccessful. However, most smartphones are provided with copy and paste functionality and, assuming that these are the devices on which Herrs Bach and Buxtehude will be using their web interface, they should be well prepared to take advantage of the URL’s should they require more information beyond what has been provided in the popup.

Furthermore the original is very out of date and presumably a number of establishments which have closed down since the initial .csv file was created, in a way that has not been made clear even through the extensive internet searches which were carried out in the process of constructing this interface. Therefore it is hoped that through trial and error Herrs Bach and Buxtehude can provide feedback as to which restaurants they enjoyed and which pubs were guilty of serving inferior pints, so that they can be stricken from the original spreadsheet, with a view to sparing any future traveller.

Perhaps also some scraping techniques could be used to harvest comments from TripAdvisor and visually code each datapoint in line with the average commenter, controlling for irritability and outlier values as one-offs. Finally, Herrs Bach and Buxtehude might solicit the choirs of Scotland, Northern Ireland and North West Wales for the precise coordinates of their best eateries and public houses, as they are completely absent from this dataset. Whether this is for denominational reasons, is unclear, and must be left to future scholars to determine.