MINI PROJECT ON THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY
Nikhil
December 21, 2017
airline <- read.csv(paste("SixAirlinesDataV2.csv",sep=""))
View(airline)library(psych)
summary(airline)## Airline Aircraft FlightDuration TravelMonth
## AirFrance: 74 AirBus:151 Min. : 1.250 Aug:127
## British :175 Boeing:307 1st Qu.: 4.260 Jul: 75
## Delta : 46 Median : 7.790 Oct:127
## Jet : 61 Mean : 7.578 Sep:129
## Singapore: 40 3rd Qu.:10.620
## Virgin : 62 Max. :14.660
## IsInternational SeatsEconomy SeatsPremium PitchEconomy
## Domestic : 40 Min. : 78.0 Min. : 8.00 Min. :30.00
## International:418 1st Qu.:133.0 1st Qu.:21.00 1st Qu.:31.00
## Median :185.0 Median :36.00 Median :31.00
## Mean :202.3 Mean :33.65 Mean :31.22
## 3rd Qu.:243.0 3rd Qu.:40.00 3rd Qu.:32.00
## Max. :389.0 Max. :66.00 Max. :33.00
## PitchPremium WidthEconomy WidthPremium PriceEconomy
## Min. :34.00 Min. :17.00 Min. :17.00 Min. : 65
## 1st Qu.:38.00 1st Qu.:18.00 1st Qu.:19.00 1st Qu.: 413
## Median :38.00 Median :18.00 Median :19.00 Median :1242
## Mean :37.91 Mean :17.84 Mean :19.47 Mean :1327
## 3rd Qu.:38.00 3rd Qu.:18.00 3rd Qu.:21.00 3rd Qu.:1909
## Max. :40.00 Max. :19.00 Max. :21.00 Max. :3593
## PricePremium PriceRelative SeatsTotal PitchDifference
## Min. : 86.0 Min. :0.0200 Min. : 98 Min. : 2.000
## 1st Qu.: 528.8 1st Qu.:0.1000 1st Qu.:166 1st Qu.: 6.000
## Median :1737.0 Median :0.3650 Median :227 Median : 7.000
## Mean :1845.3 Mean :0.4872 Mean :236 Mean : 6.688
## 3rd Qu.:2989.0 3rd Qu.:0.7400 3rd Qu.:279 3rd Qu.: 7.000
## Max. :7414.0 Max. :1.8900 Max. :441 Max. :10.000
## WidthDifference PercentPremiumSeats
## Min. :0.000 Min. : 4.71
## 1st Qu.:1.000 1st Qu.:12.28
## Median :1.000 Median :13.21
## Mean :1.633 Mean :14.65
## 3rd Qu.:3.000 3rd Qu.:15.36
## Max. :4.000 Max. :24.69describe(airline)## vars n mean sd median trimmed mad min
## Airline* 1 458 3.01 1.65 2.00 2.89 1.48 1.00
## Aircraft* 2 458 1.67 0.47 2.00 1.71 0.00 1.00
## FlightDuration 3 458 7.58 3.54 7.79 7.57 4.81 1.25
## TravelMonth* 4 458 2.56 1.17 3.00 2.58 1.48 1.00
## IsInternational* 5 458 1.91 0.28 2.00 2.00 0.00 1.00
## SeatsEconomy 6 458 202.31 76.37 185.00 194.64 85.99 78.00
## SeatsPremium 7 458 33.65 13.26 36.00 33.35 11.86 8.00
## PitchEconomy 8 458 31.22 0.66 31.00 31.26 0.00 30.00
## PitchPremium 9 458 37.91 1.31 38.00 38.05 0.00 34.00
## WidthEconomy 10 458 17.84 0.56 18.00 17.81 0.00 17.00
## WidthPremium 11 458 19.47 1.10 19.00 19.53 0.00 17.00
## PriceEconomy 12 458 1327.08 988.27 1242.00 1244.40 1159.39 65.00
## PricePremium 13 458 1845.26 1288.14 1737.00 1799.05 1845.84 86.00
## PriceRelative 14 458 0.49 0.45 0.36 0.42 0.41 0.02
## SeatsTotal 15 458 235.96 85.29 227.00 228.73 90.44 98.00
## PitchDifference 16 458 6.69 1.76 7.00 6.76 0.00 2.00
## WidthDifference 17 458 1.63 1.19 1.00 1.53 0.00 0.00
## PercentPremiumSeats 18 458 14.65 4.84 13.21 14.31 2.68 4.71
## max range skew kurtosis se
## Airline* 6.00 5.00 0.61 -0.95 0.08
## Aircraft* 2.00 1.00 -0.72 -1.48 0.02
## FlightDuration 14.66 13.41 -0.07 -1.12 0.17
## TravelMonth* 4.00 3.00 -0.14 -1.46 0.05
## IsInternational* 2.00 1.00 -2.91 6.50 0.01
## SeatsEconomy 389.00 311.00 0.72 -0.36 3.57
## SeatsPremium 66.00 58.00 0.23 -0.46 0.62
## PitchEconomy 33.00 3.00 -0.03 -0.35 0.03
## PitchPremium 40.00 6.00 -1.51 3.52 0.06
## WidthEconomy 19.00 2.00 -0.04 -0.08 0.03
## WidthPremium 21.00 4.00 -0.08 -0.31 0.05
## PriceEconomy 3593.00 3528.00 0.51 -0.88 46.18
## PricePremium 7414.00 7328.00 0.50 0.43 60.19
## PriceRelative 1.89 1.87 1.17 0.72 0.02
## SeatsTotal 441.00 343.00 0.70 -0.53 3.99
## PitchDifference 10.00 8.00 -0.54 1.78 0.08
## WidthDifference 4.00 4.00 0.84 -0.53 0.06
## PercentPremiumSeats 24.69 19.98 0.71 0.28 0.23Hypothesis - There is no relation between seating prices and other factors like width and pitch difference
boxplot(FlightDuration~Aircraft,data=airline,xlab="Aircraft type", ylab="Flight duration",col = c("blue","red"))
airline_agg_air_eco<-aggregate(PriceEconomy~Airline,data=airline,mean)
airline_agg_air_eco## Airline PriceEconomy
## 1 AirFrance 2769.7838
## 2 British 1293.4800
## 3 Delta 560.9348
## 4 Jet 276.1639
## 5 Singapore 860.2500
## 6 Virgin 1603.5323library(lattice)
barchart(PriceEconomy~Airline, data=airline_agg_air_eco,xlab="Airlines",ylab="Economy price in $")
boxplot(FlightDuration~Airline,data=airline,xlab="Airline", ylab="Flight duration",col = c("violet","blue","green","yellow","orange"))
airline_agg_air_pre<-aggregate(PricePremium~Airline,data=airline,mean)
airline_agg_air_pre## Airline PricePremium
## 1 AirFrance 3065.2162
## 2 British 1937.0286
## 3 Delta 684.6739
## 4 Jet 483.3607
## 5 Singapore 1239.9250
## 6 Virgin 2721.6935library(lattice)
barchart(PricePremium~Airline, data=airline_agg_air_pre, xlab="Airlines",ylab="Premium Economy price in $")
plot(airline$FlightDuration,airline$PriceEconomy, xlab = "Flight duration(hrs)", ylab="Economy price n $")
plot(airline$FlightDuration,airline$PricePremium, xlab = "Flight duration(hrs)", ylab="Premium Economy price in $")
airline_agg_trav_eco <-aggregate(PriceEconomy~TravelMonth, data=airline,mean)
airline_agg_trav_eco## TravelMonth PriceEconomy
## 1 Aug 1344.661
## 2 Jul 1280.493
## 3 Oct 1295.370
## 4 Sep 1368.062barchart(PriceEconomy~TravelMonth,data=airline_agg_trav_eco, xlab="Month", ylab="Average economy price", )
airline_agg_trav_pre<-aggregate(PricePremium~TravelMonth, data=airline,mean)
airline_agg_trav_pre## TravelMonth PricePremium
## 1 Aug 1871.126
## 2 Jul 1743.427
## 3 Oct 1836.055
## 4 Sep 1888.054barchart(PricePremium~TravelMonth,data=airline_agg_trav_pre, xlab="Month", ylab="Average premium economy price")
library(car)
scatterplot(PriceRelative ~PitchDifference, data=airline,
spread=FALSE, smoother.args=list(lty=2),
main="Scatter plot of price relative vs pitch difference",
xlab="pitch difference",
ylab="price relative")
scatterplot(PriceRelative ~ WidthDifference, data= airline,
spread=FALSE, smoother.args=list(lty=2),
main="Scatter plot of price relative vs Width difference",
xlab="Width difference",
ylab="Price relative")
library(corrgram)
corrgram(airline, order=TRUE, upper.panel=panel.pie,lower.panel=panel.shade, text.panel=panel.txt,main="Correlogram")
attach(airline)
cor.test(PriceRelative,WidthPremium)##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: PriceRelative and WidthPremium
## t = 12.469, df = 456, p-value < 2.2e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.4326084 0.5695593
## sample estimates:
## cor
## 0.5042476cor.test(PriceEconomy,PitchEconomy)##
## Pearson's product-moment correlation
##
## data: PriceEconomy and PitchEconomy
## t = 8.469, df = 456, p-value = 3.428e-16
## alternative hypothesis: true correlation is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## 0.2867196 0.4452479
## sample estimates:
## cor
## 0.3686612t.test(airline$PriceEconomy, airline$PricePremium)##
## Welch Two Sample t-test
##
## data: airline$PriceEconomy and airline$PricePremium
## t = -6.8304, df = 856.56, p-value = 1.605e-11
## alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0
## 95 percent confidence interval:
## -667.0831 -369.2793
## sample estimates:
## mean of x mean of y
## 1327.076 1845.258airline_reg_1 <- lm(PriceRelative ~ PitchEconomy + PitchPremium + WidthPremium + PriceEconomy + PitchDifference + WidthDifference + PercentPremiumSeats, data = airline)
summary(airline_reg_1)##
## Call:
## lm(formula = PriceRelative ~ PitchEconomy + PitchPremium + WidthPremium +
## PriceEconomy + PitchDifference + WidthDifference + PercentPremiumSeats,
## data = airline)
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -0.90093 -0.22133 -0.02915 0.15791 1.16165
##
## Coefficients: (1 not defined because of singularities)
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -1.102e+00 1.752e+00 -0.629 0.529437
## PitchEconomy -6.810e-02 4.511e-02 -1.510 0.131826
## PitchPremium 3.359e-02 2.192e-02 1.533 0.126056
## WidthPremium 1.371e-01 3.827e-02 3.583 0.000377 ***
## PriceEconomy -1.056e-04 2.085e-05 -5.064 5.99e-07 ***
## PitchDifference NA NA NA NA
## WidthDifference 7.238e-03 3.769e-02 0.192 0.847790
## PercentPremiumSeats -6.789e-03 4.267e-03 -1.591 0.112312
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 0.3688 on 451 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.339, Adjusted R-squared: 0.3302
## F-statistic: 38.56 on 6 and 451 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16airline_reg_2<-lm(PriceRelative ~ PitchDifference + WidthPremium + PriceEconomy)
coefficients(airline_reg_2)## (Intercept) PitchDifference WidthPremium PriceEconomy
## -2.5405744540 0.0432138143 0.1484583578 -0.0001144987