TITANIC INCIDENT: The sinking of the RMS Titanic occurred on the night of 14 April through to the morning of 15 April 1912 in the North Atlantic Ocean, four days into the ship’s maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City. The largest passenger liner in service at the time, Titanic had an estimated 2,224 people on board when she struck an iceberg at around 23:40 (ship’s time) on Sunday, 14 April 1912. Her sinking two hours and forty minutes later at 02:20 (05:18 GMT) on Monday, 15 April resulted in the deaths of more than 1,500 people, which made it one of the deadliest peacetime maritime disasters in history.
Creating Titanic Data set, by creating titanic Dataframe
setwd("C:/Users/hp/Desktop/IIML/My Project files")
titanic.df <- read.csv(paste("Titanic Data.csv", sep=""))
View(titanic.df)
Calculate No. of Passender
## [1] 889 8
## [1] 889
Ans- 889
the number of passengers who survived the sinking of the Titanic.
sum(titanic.df$Survived==1)
## [1] 340
Or
mytable <- with(titanic.df, table(Survived))
mytable
## Survived
## 0 1
## 549 340
340 Survived
the percentage of passengers who survived the sinking of the Titanic
sum(titanic.df$Survived==1)/length(titanic.df$Survived)*100
## [1] 38.24522
Or
prop.table(mytable)*100
## Survived
## 0 1
## 61.75478 38.24522
38 percent survived
the number of first-class passengers who survived the sinking of the Titanic.
mytable <- xtabs(~ Survived + Pclass, data= titanic.df)
mytable
## Pclass
## Survived 1 2 3
## 0 80 97 372
## 1 134 87 119
Ans 134
the percentage of first-class passengers who survived the sinking of the Titanic
prop.table(mytable,2)*100
## Pclass
## Survived 1 2 3
## 0 37.38318 52.71739 75.76375
## 1 62.61682 47.28261 24.23625
Ans- 62.6
the number of females from First-Class who survived the sinking of the Titanic
mytable <- xtabs(~ Survived+Pclass+Sex, data=titanic.df)
mytable
## , , Sex = female
##
## Pclass
## Survived 1 2 3
## 0 3 6 72
## 1 89 70 72
##
## , , Sex = male
##
## Pclass
## Survived 1 2 3
## 0 77 91 300
## 1 45 17 47
or
sum(titanic.df$Survived==1 & titanic.df$Pclass==1 & titanic.df$Sex=="female")
## [1] 89
Ans- 89
the percentage of survivors who were female
mytable <- xtabs(~ Survived+Sex, data=titanic.df)
mytable
## Sex
## Survived female male
## 0 81 468
## 1 231 109
prop.table(mytable,1)*100
## Sex
## Survived female male
## 0 14.75410 85.24590
## 1 67.94118 32.05882
Ans- 85.24
the percentage of females on board the Titanic who survived
prop.table(mytable,2)*100
## Sex
## Survived female male
## 0 25.96154 81.10919
## 1 74.03846 18.89081
Ans- 74
Pearson’s Chi-squared test to test the following hypothesis:
Hypothesis: The proportion of females onboard who survived the sinking of the Titanic was higher than the proportion of males onboard who survived the sinking of the Titanic.
mytable <- xtabs(~ Sex+Survived, data=titanic.df)
mytable
## Survived
## Sex 0 1
## female 81 231
## male 468 109
chisq.test(mytable)
##
## Pearson's Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction
##
## data: mytable
## X-squared = 258.43, df = 1, p-value < 2.2e-16
Since p valve is very less than 0.05 Null hypothesis rejected.