Sinking of the RMS Titanic

The sinking of the RMS Titanic occurred on the night of 14 April through to the morning of 15 April 1912 in the North Atlantic Ocean, four days into the ship’s maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City. The largest passenger liner in service at the time, Titanic had an estimated 2,224 people on board when she struck an iceberg at around 23:40 (ship’s time) on Sunday, 14 April 1912. Her sinking two hours and forty minutes later at 02:20 (05:18 GMT) on Monday, 15 April resulted in the deaths of more than 1,500 people, which made it one of the deadliest peacetime maritime disasters in history.

creating a data frame of Titanic

setwd("C:/Users/admin/Downloads")
titanic.df <- read.csv(paste("Titanic Data.csv",sep=""))
View(titanic.df)

By creating the data frame we can view the data with the variable like Survived,Pclass,Sex,Age,SibSp,Parch,Fare,Embarked.

R code to count the total number of passenger on board the titanic

mytable <- with( titanic.df,table(Sex))
addmargins(mytable)
## Sex
## female   male    Sum 
##    312    577    889

This output shows there are 889 passenger in titanic.

R Code to find the total number of passenger who survived

mytable1 <- xtabs(~Sex+Survived,data = titanic.df)
addmargins(mytable1)
##         Survived
## Sex        0   1 Sum
##   female  81 231 312
##   male   468 109 577
##   Sum    549 340 889

This shows that out of 312 female passengers only 231 survives and out of 577 male passengers only 109 survives.We can clearly come to the judgement that male passengers death rate is higher than the female.

R Code to find the percentage of passenger who survived

prop.table(mytable1)*100
##         Survived
## Sex              0         1
##   female  9.111361 25.984252
##   male   52.643420 12.260967

Out of 100 percentage only 25 percent of female and 12 percent of male survives.

R Code to find the number of first class passenger who survived

mytable2 <- xtabs(~Pclass+Survived,data = titanic.df)
addmargins(mytable2)
##       Survived
## Pclass   0   1 Sum
##    1    80 134 214
##    2    97  87 184
##    3   372 119 491
##    Sum 549 340 889
mytable2[Survived = '1', Pclass='1']
## [1] 134

Output shows out of 214 first class passengers 80 died and 134 survives.

R Code to find the percentage of first class passenger who survived

prop.table(mytable2)*100
##       Survived
## Pclass         0         1
##      1  8.998875 15.073116
##      2 10.911136  9.786277
##      3 41.844769 13.385827

Comparing all classes of passengers only 15 percent of first class passenger survives.

R code to find number of female first class passenger who survived

mytable3 <- xtabs(~Sex+Pclass+Survived,data = titanic.df)
mytable3
## , , Survived = 0
## 
##         Pclass
## Sex        1   2   3
##   female   3   6  72
##   male    77  91 300
## 
## , , Survived = 1
## 
##         Pclass
## Sex        1   2   3
##   female  89  70  72
##   male    45  17  47

Output depicts that 89 females of first class passengers survives and 3 females died.

R Code to measure the percentage of survivors who were female

mytable4 <- xtabs(~Sex+Survived,data = titanic.df)
prop.table(mytable4)*100
##         Survived
## Sex              0         1
##   female  9.111361 25.984252
##   male   52.643420 12.260967

Out of cent percent of passengers almost 26 percent of female passengers survives.

R Code for chi-squared test to find the proportion of male and female who survived

chisq.test(mytable4)
## 
##  Pearson's Chi-squared test with Yates' continuity correction
## 
## data:  mytable4
## X-squared = 258.43, df = 1, p-value < 2.2e-16

Since,the value of p is below the level of sinificance(0.05) we can reject null hypothesis. We can conclude that the proportion of females onboard who survived the sinking of the Titanic was higher than the proportion of males onboard who survived the sinking of the Titanic.