Homework 8
Hepp
December 3, 2017
Restaurant Reviews Data Set
This data set is 50 reviews from 5 different restaurants in the Minneapolis/St. Paul area, gathered by Yelp. The following exercise looks to quickly create generalizations from the reviews using text mining.
library(dplyr)##
## Attaching package: 'dplyr'## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
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## filter, lag## The following objects are masked from 'package:base':
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## intersect, setdiff, setequal, unionlibrary(stringr)
library(tidytext)
library(textir)## Loading required package: distrom## Loading required package: Matrix## Loading required package: gamlr## Loading required package: parallel##
## Attaching package: 'distrom'## The following object is masked from 'package:dplyr':
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## collapserests <- read.csv("C:/DataMining/Data/Yelp Reviews Fall2017.csv")
rests## Restauraunt X5StarRating
## 1 O<U+0092>Gara<U+0092>s Bar And Grill 4
## 2 O<U+0092>Gara<U+0092>s Bar And Grill 2
## 3 O<U+0092>Gara<U+0092>s Bar And Grill 1
## 4 O<U+0092>Gara<U+0092>s Bar And Grill 3
## 5 O<U+0092>Gara<U+0092>s Bar And Grill 1
## 6 O<U+0092>Gara<U+0092>s Bar And Grill 4
## 7 O<U+0092>Gara<U+0092>s Bar And Grill 4
## 8 Butcher & The Boar 5
## 9 Butcher & The Boar 5
## 10 Butcher & The Boar 4
## 11 Butcher & The Boar 5
## 12 Butcher & The Boar 3
## 13 Butcher & The Boar 5
## 14 Butcher & The Boar 5
## 15 112 Eatery 5
## 16 112 Eatery 4
## 17 112 Eatery 5
## 18 112 Eatery 5
## 19 112 Eatery 4
## 20 112 Eatery 5
## 21 112 Eatery 5
## 22 Hell's Kitchen 5
## 23 Hell's Kitchen 1
## 24 Hell's Kitchen 2
## 25 Hell's Kitchen 4
## 26 Hell's Kitchen 2
## 27 Hell's Kitchen 4
## 28 Hell's Kitchen 5
## 29 Bar La Grassa 5
## 30 Bar La Grassa 5
## 31 Bar La Grassa 4
## 32 Bar La Grassa 5
## 33 Bar La Grassa 4
## 34 Bar La Grassa 5
## 35 Bar La Grassa 5
## 36 The Lowry 5
## 37 The Lowry 5
## 38 The Lowry 5
## 39 The Lowry 4
## 40 The Lowry 3
## 41 The Lowry 5
## 42 The Lowry 5
## 43 The Happy Gnome 5
## 44 The Happy Gnome 4
## 45 The Happy Gnome 3
## 46 The Happy Gnome 5
## 47 The Happy Gnome 4
## 48 The Happy Gnome 4
## 49 The Happy Gnome 5
## 50 The Happy Gnome 5
## Review
## 1 "My hubbie and I walked over after a long day of work in and out of the house. I was hungry for a burger. I almost never have a burger. When I do I'm often disappointed. Not tonight. I had the jalapeno business. It was juicy and delicious. The waiter was attentive, nice looking too :) It's a bit expensive, but most places are for someone who usually cooks"
## 2 "It's ok. Been there three times, and underwhelmed with their food. Nice tap beer selection however."
## 3 "Nasty rude staff. I was recently accosted by a woman who came outside while I was taking a smoke break from my overpriced drink"
## 4 " I had fish and chips the first time that I was there and corned beef and cabbage the second time...both were ehhh. Fish and chips were crispy though which is a plus, not greasy, and the corned beef and cabbage was a little blah. Keep in mind that this was during their week of specials, so maybe it wasn't typical of their regular "
## 5 "It smells like a porta potty inside. The staff comes off very dull and lifeless. But I got to meet the local drunk! That was definitely the only highlight of this place. Typical bad Irish bar."
## 6 "I was surprised by how good the food was - I honestly expected some boring bar food, but the Jalapeno Business burger was killer good. I don't even like french fries, but I loved these."
## 7 "I did not notice the smell. The shepherds pie was great. Beer selection phenomenal. This place had a sense of being a neighborhood bar."\nService was good.
## 8 "I've eaten here several time over the years. Always go back when downtown for an event or when the weather starts to cool down and I need to warm up!"
## 9 "We had a really great dining experience here. A few of us out-of-towners met up with some local friends at Butcher & The Boar (their recommendation). We were among the first few people to walk in just after they opened and the place filled up fast."
## 10 "I'd give this place 5 stars, except in a week moment I ordered the crab legs. They looked impressive when the arrived at the table, but they were not tasty: my colleagues said, Who orders crab in Minneapolis anyway? They're right, but still ..."
## 11 "I had my own combo with a group here. Service was awesome. And the cap of smoked beef I had was one of the finest things I've ever tasted. Ever. Really. We had virtually every side as well. All of them were fine, but that beef! And we did indulge in a few sausage plates for our group to share. They were spicy and salty and delicious. I'm glad I don't live in Minneapolis nor can I afford this place often. I'd be dead from overeating. But I'd be a smiling corpse!"
## 12 "Charcuterie plate: this felt like a deconstructed banh mi (Vietnamese baguette sandwich), minus the bread. Nothing really stuck out as special. The head cheese had little flavor. The smoked turkey pate was not too bad. The elk was not memorable. Glad I tried, but probably wouldn't recommend this as it fell short of expectations.. Especially with all these reviews and high ratings.."
## 13 "Finally had the chance to visit this iconic restaurant in downtown Minneapolis. Butcher & The Boar was a solid, American restaurant. Followed recommendations of fellow Yelpers and had a great experience. "
## 14 "Beer-battered french fries and ultra cheesy croquettes. What better late-night snack food is there? We sat at the bar last Saturday night, had some wine, met a few, friendly regulars and made jokes with the bartenders. I would love to go back for a full meal, but the french fries and croquettes were divine."
## 15 "I came here for a birthday celebration while in town. Everything was spectacular. We got three dishes to split among two people and it was the perfect amount. We ordered the lamb pasta dish, fried bread with prosciutto, and gnocchi. It was all delicious, but especially the lamb and the gnocchi."
## 16 "Food was 5 stars but service was only 3. Loved the food but disappointed in the service. I felt like the waitress treated us like we weren't good enough to be there."
## 17 "This place was really cool - ambience was very romantic and intimate - the place is smaller than I expected which was lovely. Now, onto the good stuff - good! Olives and candied almonds greeted us - tasty. The menu is similar to Bar LaGrassa - smaller plates, then a few main courses, then sides."
## 18 "It has been way too long since I have enjoyed this spot. I went recently to celebrate my wedding anniversary with my husband. I have not been here for a few years as I have been making my way around town tasting what Minneapolis & St. Paul chefs have to offer. But, my fond memories of this place brought me back here and they did not disappoint tonight!"
## 19 "Really great food and terrific service. The pasta is freshly made and definitely on point. Fresh and yummy ingredients. The ambience is a bit cramped. Definitely didn't feel like fine dining but more than a decent option in Minneapolis. Not sure why it gets such glowing reviews however."
## 20 "We had the Scallops and Tagliatelle with Foie Gras Meatballs and it was all DELICIOUS! We are at the upstairs bar and the old fashioned' Swede delicious as well!"
## 21 "I've eaten here many times but not in several years. I have always loved this place and about 7-8 years ago it was the hottest place in town and hard to get a reservation. Now that's a little easier but it's still bustling."
## 22 "Hell yes! Great vibe, live music, amazing menu. No brainer, definitely come for brunch or grab a sandwich. Make a reservation for the weekends or try your luck grabbing a stool at the bar for one or two. I'm in Minneapolis in Business and was tired of strip mall food. And Hell answered my prayers. Haha."
## 23 "Place smells like old bar smell.... So why didn't we walk out? The reviews, people were nice and the menu was intriguing so had to stick it out. Benefit of the doubt sort of thing."
## 24 "While the staff were great, the food really did not leave up to its hype, as is the story with many of these highly-reviewed restaurants. I got the Juicy Loosy burger which Minneapolis is known for, the lemon ricotta pancakes and the Caesar salad. The burger was SO disappointing - the patty was so dry! The pancakes were forgetful. Gotta say though that I was impressed with the salad. It tasted super fresh and the Caesar dressing was incredibly flavorful with a hints of lemon and anchovies."
## 25 "I enjoyed the theme and ambiance. Food was really good also. We went at around 12pm brunch time on a Sunday on the weekend before Halloween!"
## 26 "But the food was unsatisfactory. I ordered the Bison Egg Benedict and substituted the hashbrowns for a mixed greens salad. The bison benedict was drowning in the lukewarm jalapeno-hollandaise sauce, so was hard to eat, but I was mostly disappointed with the bison itself. The menu indicated that it would be cooked to medium-rare, which is how I prefer my meat, but it unfortunately, was overcooked - so the texture was rough to cut and chew. I was not impressed. At least the poached egg had that runny yolk once I cut into it, and did like the greens with a pear vinaigrette, making the dish lighter. But I would not recommend this dish, given the overcooked bison, drenched in the hollandaise sauce. "
## 27 "Tried this spot after the Vikings game this past weekend on the recommendation of a friend who raved about it. And it didn't disappoint. Cool spot underground in downtown Minneapolis. We sat on the bar side. Really cool décor. They have a good tap selection of local Minnesota craft beers, and a special "secret beer" for $2 each day where you don't know what you are getting until it is served. My buddy Bob tried ordering it but was swayed not to by our waiter as he noted "it wasn't very good and your not going to like it". Cheers to honesty!"
## 28 "Stopped in for Saturday breakfast on recommendation from Renaissance hotel staff. Wait time was 30 min, but they do take reservations. They had great live music, patrons clapping and dancing, the waitress was very nice and attentive, the food was really good (4 stars) but the overall experience was 5 star all the way. It's a fun place with quirky decor. Would go back again without hesitating."
## 29 "I had an excellent time here with great service and delicious food. Only downside was waiting 45 minutes for a table but that's gonna happen when the food is THIS GOOD."
## 30 "If you're in the mood for a calm place to sit down, relax and enjoy some exquisite Italian food then Bar La Grassa is one establishment that will not disappoint. The cozy and modern atmosphere with its warm lighting sets the stage to loosen up and enjoy a fabulous night with dinner and drinks. A perfect setting for those on a first date (where I saw a couple tables way too tense and clearly on a first date....yea I like to people watch. So?"
## 31 "I see the hype surrounding Bar La Grassa - their food is fantastic! To start, we had the Soft Eggs & Lobster Bruschetta and my God- that ish was so damn good. It was as soft as I'd imagine the clouds in heaven would be. It's quite pricy for the size (and as an app in general) to be honest, but if you're willing to splurge, you'll be well rewarded for it. For dinner, I had the Gnocchi with cauliflower and orange. Loved it! Great texture, soft, and flavorful- though I wish it had weaker notes of the orange to it, but that's just me. For dessert, we had the salted caramel crespelle (good, but overly heavy on the caramel flavor) and the coconut lime panna cotta (lets just say it wasn't for me. Too tart). We'll probably skip dessert next time, but the pasta (and the soft eggs and lobster)!? Oooooh wwweeeee. We'll be back."
## 32 "Amazing atmosphere and food! Great spot for a date night or for a group dinner. This spot is so good I CRAVE their pasta. You must get the Tuna calamarata and you can't get anything like the orange gnocchi anywhere else. Service is top notch. If you're going with a group you'll definitely need to make a reservation. "
## 33 "I was very excited to try Bar La Grassa and was impressed by the food and our server. The other staff seemed a bit cold. My husband liked the pork and I enjoyed the eggs and lobster although there wasn't much lobster for the $20. The entrees were all excellent and for dessert we enjoyed the Crespelle the best. The Bellinis were also excellent. Pricey dinner for the amount of food."
## 34 "This place is incredible - from the ambience to the wait staff to the food you just can't go wrong! The soft egg and lobster bruschetta is just plain stupid good - seriously it's like heaven on a plate. The spaghetti with brown butter and lobster can't be described you just have to come and taste it. The salted caramel crepes are literally everything you could want in a dessert - come here - right now!"
## 35 "Ummm if you don't eat here when you're in Minneapolis, you're definitely missing out. Make sure to order the pasta negra! DELICIOUS. I have to say the pasta here is on par, if not, better than what I've had in Italy! Needless to say, pretty impressed. Also tried the bruschetta with carpaccio--amazing. Never had steak carpaccio sliced so thick; they literally give you slabs!"
## 36 "This is my favorite brunch venue. I don't think there is a single breakfast item on the menu that I dislike. But I still always order the oatmeal pancakes. They are THE BEST. They are also super yummy as cold leftovers, FYI."
## 37 "Great all around restaurant to bring friends and family. I've had both brunch and dinner here and were very much pleased both times by the food and service. Their bloody marys are perfection here with their great blend of seasonings, alcohol, and fixings (that jalapeno cheese cube... yasss). I'm keto/low carb and they were able to substitute the hashbrowns and toast with a delicious side salad with no extra charge alongside my Denver frittata which was also full of cheesy goodness."
## 38 "New to the Minneapolis area and it was our first time here! Absolutely wonderful! They were so helpful and brought us their favorite things to try! Honestly I'm so relieved to find a place so welcoming and delicious close to our new home! Special shout out to our waiter JJ!! Thank you"
## 39 "I liked my food and the service was great. Too often you have to ask for your free refills of Diet Coke, and that's not right. Here, that's not the case. I ordered the beet salad and found it spot on. Great flavors, fresh, and delightful! We ordered the deviled eggs as an appetizer, which were good (if you're a fan of curry)."
## 40 "Service is great. Food is subpar. I was here a few weeks ago and had their eggs Benedict which I enjoyed. This time around I had their chicken and waffles and it was good if you like chicken nuggets and waffles which is pretty basic. The "gravy" was basically a house sauce that was complimentary and would've been better on the side or not on the dish at all. I'm from the south and keeping it simple makes chicken and waffles that much better. Also had the deviled eggs which I thought was extra as far as what was on it and the side sauce that they spread on the side. Felt like they were trying to hard to make something simple into something unique. Beer selection is good. Very accommodating for larger parties. Waiters/waitresses are polite and professional. I probably won't come back for food but that's just my opinion. Service is great if that's what you're looking for."
## 41 "If you want a good, classic brunch or breakfast this is the place to go in Uptown! The entire Blue Plate chain of restaurants knows how to have their own twist on their menus and The Lowry is definitely feel-good-food meets home cooking."
## 42 "It's been a year. But we came back for a wedding anniversary lunch. The food was SO great!!! And we really like the casual atmosphere so you can relax, kick back, and enjoy yourself. I also like that you can always find off-street parking, despite being so close to Uptown and Downtown."
## 43 "Absolutely delicious lunch- I had a Bloody Mary and a chopped salad on their gorgeous patio. But even better- the service was fantastic. We needed to catch a flight and they were efficient event though they were busy. My three year old son dropped his ice cream and they promptly handled it with a great attitude. Can't say enough good things. Thank you!"
## 44 "I came here on a chilly Sunday afternoon, and it was that perfect spot to just hang out, have a beer, relax, and cozy up inside. We only came for beer and appetizers. The beer list is super long and they have plenty of options. For food I get a big pretzel; the pretzel was just okay as it was kind of "airy"/not dense and the beer-cheese fondue was just fine. Our service was good and it was a great time to casually sit around and drink/eat with friends."
## 45 "I have only been here once, but found the food and service to be pretty underwhelming. They have a great menu with a variety of options, but there's not much value here. I ordered a $20 pumpkin tortellini special, which was 5 pieces of very, very firm pasta. There was a random clump of blue cheese somewhere in the dish, which was a little surprising. The burger with brisket was good, but probably not worth a trip back.
## 46 "Selection: the brunch menu is smaller than expected but has PRIME options. Hard to go wrong with either but I only tried two things so who am I to say ? Food: one word GNOMMIIIEEEE! I got the hot brown and my friend got the croque madame! Side note: I actually don't know why they call it that. There's no bread or ham here! Instead it's biscuit and turkey. Yikes! Wouldn't advise authentic croque madame lovers to order this Beverages: we did the Bloody Mary buffet which had ALL the options. I can't think of any Bloody Mary topping that was not on the line up. They did everything and more with this one! Service: We had slow service and it took a while to process simple requests. We only started eating 1.5 hours after arrival. Based on other reviews, my experience may not exactly be typical Ambiance: I recommend getting a patio seat during daylight hours"
## 47 "The food was really good. The Lobster Mac was the bomb. Huge pieces of lobster. Wait staff was a little slow to warm up, but improved with the meal. Like others warned bathroom water is scalding hot. Overall a good experience."
## 48 "I was in town for work and my coworker said she had to take me to her favorite restaurant, the Happy Gnome, and I was like where?!? The Happy Gnome! Lol We ordered some appetizers, the short rib spring rolls and the pretzel with beer cheese sauce OMG! The short rib spring rolls were dynamite!! So yummy!! The pretzel was so soft and fresh baked too. For my dinner I ordered the duck burger because it was unique sounding and it was crazy delicious, what a treat! Great selection of craft beers and a very cozy warm dining room and awesome patio. So happy I got to experience the Gnome!!"
## 49 "Every year I travel up to the Twin Cities area for work while attending Back to the Fifties, which is a huge hotrod show. Always a good time. My coworker and I always stop at The Happy Gnome. I can get into the food, but what is there to say that hasn't been said in other reviews. It's damn good. I have tried many dishes here and never have been let down. The craft beer selection is top notch, staff is friendly and knowledgeable. "
## 50 "Our waiter was helpful in helping us decide on our meal choices. He would let you know the items he likes, then comment that he doesn't eat certain foods like salmon.\nYou will want to make reservations several weeks in advance, maybe even a month in advance. The place is quite popular with the locals. I would go back, but my husband was not very impressed. The other guests loved the Happy Gnome."dim(rests)## [1] 50 3Each word is counted as an individual and put in list form.
rest_df<-data_frame(line=1:50,text=as.character(rests$Review))
rest_df## # A tibble: 50 x 2
## line
## <int>
## 1 1
## 2 2
## 3 3
## 4 4
## 5 5
## 6 6
## 7 7
## 8 8
## 9 9
## 10 10
## # ... with 40 more rows, and 1 more variables: text <chr>tidy_rests<-rest_df %>% unnest_tokens(word,text)
tidy_rests## # A tibble: 3,178 x 2
## line word
## <int> <chr>
## 1 1 my
## 2 1 hubbie
## 3 1 and
## 4 1 i
## 5 1 walked
## 6 1 over
## 7 1 after
## 8 1 a
## 9 1 long
## 10 1 day
## # ... with 3,168 more rowsJunk words, that are not of interest are removed. The frequency of each word is calculated and then all of the words are put in order of most often occurring. It is not surprising that “food” is the most frequently used word in restaurant reviews.
data(stop_words)
tidy_rests<-tidy_rests %>% anti_join(stop_words)## Joining, by = "word"tidy_rests## # A tibble: 1,163 x 2
## line word
## <int> <chr>
## 1 1 hubbie
## 2 1 walked
## 3 1 day
## 4 1 house
## 5 1 hungry
## 6 1 burger
## 7 1 burger
## 8 1 disappointed
## 9 1 tonight
## 10 1 jalapeno
## # ... with 1,153 more rowstidy_rests %>% count(word,sort=TRUE)## # A tibble: 681 x 2
## word n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 food 31
## 2 service 16
## 3 bar 12
## 4 beer 11
## 5 delicious 11
## 6 time 11
## 7 minneapolis 10
## 8 lobster 8
## 9 staff 8
## 10 burger 7
## # ... with 671 more rowsWords that are associated with “joy” are filtered out and listed by frequency. After food and beer, the word “delicious” was the most frequently used, being mentioned 11 times.
rests_joy<-get_sentiments("nrc") %>%
filter(sentiment=="joy")
rests_joy## # A tibble: 689 x 2
## word sentiment
## <chr> <chr>
## 1 absolution joy
## 2 abundance joy
## 3 abundant joy
## 4 accolade joy
## 5 accompaniment joy
## 6 accomplish joy
## 7 accomplished joy
## 8 achieve joy
## 9 achievement joy
## 10 acrobat joy
## # ... with 679 more rowstidy_rests %>% inner_join(rests_joy) %>% count(word,sort=TRUE)## Joining, by = "word"## # A tibble: 46 x 2
## word n
## <chr> <int>
## 1 food 31
## 2 beer 11
## 3 delicious 11
## 4 happy 5
## 5 special 4
## 6 enjoy 3
## 7 excellent 3
## 8 favorite 3
## 9 perfect 3
## 10 pretty 3
## # ... with 36 more rowsA word cloud was created. There are only a few words that really stand out from the rest. Food, bar, beer, delicious, and service are the most noticeable.
library(wordcloud)## Loading required package: RColorBrewertidy_rests %>% anti_join(stop_words) %>% count(word) %>% with(wordcloud(word,n,max.words=50))## Joining, by = "word"
This word cloud includes the most commonly used negative words (top) and positive words (bottom). So, delicious is counterpointed with hard, bloody, and disappointment. Some words that are probably in this case related to food are listed as negative, such as “smells” and “lemon”.In this circumstance they were probably neutral or positive uses of the words.
library(reshape2)
tidy_rests %>%
inner_join(get_sentiments("bing")) %>%
count(word,sentiment,sort=TRUE) %>%
acast(word~sentiment,vaue.var="n",fill=0) %>%
comparison.cloud(colors=c("gray30","gray60"),max.words=50)## Joining, by = "word"## Using n as value column: use value.var to override.
Words are placed in pairs of two and then ordered by frequency. The most common word pairs used are “beer selection”, “happy gnome”(name of a restaurant), and “bar la”-“la grassa”(another name).
rests_bigrams<-rest_df %>% unnest_tokens(bigram,text,token="ngrams",n=2)
rests_bigrams## # A tibble: 3,128 x 2
## line bigram
## <int> <chr>
## 1 1 my hubbie
## 2 1 hubbie and
## 3 1 and i
## 4 1 i walked
## 5 1 walked over
## 6 1 over after
## 7 1 after a
## 8 1 a long
## 9 1 long day
## 10 1 day of
## # ... with 3,118 more rowslibrary(tidyr)##
## Attaching package: 'tidyr'## The following object is masked from 'package:reshape2':
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## smiths## The following object is masked from 'package:Matrix':
##
## expandbigrams_separated<-rests_bigrams %>% separate(bigram,c("word1","word2"),sep=" ")
bigrams_separated## # A tibble: 3,128 x 3
## line word1 word2
## * <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 1 my hubbie
## 2 1 hubbie and
## 3 1 and i
## 4 1 i walked
## 5 1 walked over
## 6 1 over after
## 7 1 after a
## 8 1 a long
## 9 1 long day
## 10 1 day of
## # ... with 3,118 more rowsbigrams_filtered=bigrams_separated %>%
filter(!word1 %in% stop_words$word) %>%
filter(!word2 %in% stop_words$word)
bigrams_filtered## # A tibble: 383 x 3
## line word1 word2
## <int> <chr> <chr>
## 1 1 jalapeno business
## 2 1 attentive nice
## 3 1 bit expensive
## 4 2 food nice
## 5 2 nice tap
## 6 2 tap beer
## 7 2 beer selection
## 8 3 nasty rude
## 9 3 rude staff
## 10 3 recently accosted
## # ... with 373 more rowsbigram_counts<-bigrams_filtered %>%
count(word1,word2,sort=TRUE)
bigram_counts## # A tibble: 350 x 3
## word1 word2 n
## <chr> <chr> <int>
## 1 beer selection 4
## 2 happy gnome 4
## 3 bar la 3
## 4 bloody mary 3
## 5 french fries 3
## 6 la grassa 3
## 7 5 stars 2
## 8 beer cheese 2
## 9 corned beef 2
## 10 craft beers 2
## # ... with 340 more rows