Level Plot

1. load library and data

library("lattice")    # for plotting
library("dplyr")      # for data manipulatio
library("gridExtra")  # for multiple plot
data <- read.csv("BandungData.csv", header=TRUE)

2. subsetting data by year

Here we subsetted the data using dplyr package. We used only signatures variables, which were grouped by year.:

• common variables: x coord, y coord, water type, year
• river signatures: NO3 and NO2
• groundwater signatures: Cl and SO4
• geology signatures:
  • volcanic origin: SiO2, Fe, and Mg
  • non volcanic origin: Mn

We used the select function as the following example,

NO3_1997 <- select(data, x, y, type, year, NO3, year==1997)

to use data data frame and select columns: x, y, type, year, NO3, that collected in year 1997 only.

3. making level plot

In this section, the level plots are stored in objects before plotted together using grid.arrange() function from gridExtra package. We made total plot (all year) and yearly plot for each element to see the possible timely change.

3.1 river’s signature (NO3 and NO2)

### NO3
plotNO3 <- levelplot(NO3 ~ x*y, data=data,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO3",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

plotNO3_1997 <- levelplot(NO3 ~ x*y, data=NO3_1997,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO3 1997",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotNO3_1998 <- levelplot(NO3 ~ x*y, data=NO3_1998,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO3 1998",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotNO3_2007 <- levelplot(NO3 ~ x*y, data=NO3_2007,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO3 2007",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotNO3_2011 <- levelplot(NO3 ~ x*y, data=NO3_2011,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO3 2011",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotNO3_2012 <- levelplot(NO3 ~ x*y, data=NO3_2012,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO3 2012",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

### NO2
plotNO2 <- levelplot(NO2 ~ x*y, data=data,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO2",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

plotNO2_1997 <- levelplot(NO2 ~ x*y, data=NO2_1997,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO2 1997",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotNO2_1998 <- levelplot(NO2 ~ x*y, data=NO2_1998,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO2 1998",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotNO2_2007 <- levelplot(NO2 ~ x*y, data=NO2_2007,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO2 2007",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotNO2_2011 <- levelplot(NO2 ~ x*y, data=NO2_2011,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO2 2011",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotNO2_2012 <- levelplot(NO2 ~ x*y, data=NO2_2012,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot NO2 2012",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

grid.arrange(plotNO3, plotNO3_1997, plotNO3_1998,
             plotNO3_2007, plotNO3_2011, plotNO3_2012,
             ncol=2)

grid.arrange(plotNO2, plotNO2_1997, plotNO2_1998,
             plotNO2_2007, plotNO2_2011, plotNO2_2012,
             ncol=2)

3.2 groundwater’s signature (SO4 and Cl)

### SO4
plotSO4 <- levelplot(SO4 ~ x*y, data=data,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SO4",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

plotSO4_1997 <- levelplot(SO4 ~ x*y, data=SO4_1997,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SO4 1997",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotSO4_1998 <- levelplot(SO4 ~ x*y, data=SO4_1998,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SO4 1998",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotSO4_2007 <- levelplot(SO4 ~ x*y, data=SO4_2007,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SO4 2007",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotSO4_2011 <- levelplot(SO4 ~ x*y, data=SO4_2011,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SO4 2011",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotSO4_2012 <- levelplot(SO4 ~ x*y, data=SO4_2012,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SO4 2012",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

### Cl
plotCl <- levelplot(Cl ~ x*y, data=data,
          xlab= "X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main= "Level plot Cl",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

plotCl_1997 <- levelplot(Cl ~ x*y, data=Cl_1997,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Cl 1997",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotCl_1998 <- levelplot(Cl ~ x*y, data=Cl_1998,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Cl 1998",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotCl_2007 <- levelplot(Cl ~ x*y, data=Cl_2007,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Cl 2007",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotCl_2011 <- levelplot(Cl ~ x*y, data=Cl_2011,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Cl 2011",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotCl_2012 <- levelplot(Cl ~ x*y, data=Cl_2012,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Cl 2012",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

grid.arrange(plotSO4, plotSO4_1997, plotSO4_1998,
             plotSO4_2007, plotSO4_2011, plotSO4_2012,
             ncol=2)

grid.arrange(plotCl, plotCl_1997, plotCl_1998,
             plotCl_2007, plotCl_2011, plotCl_2012,
             ncol=2)

3.3 geology signature (SiO2, Fe, Mg, and Mn)

### SiO2
plotSiO2 <- levelplot(SiO2 ~ x*y, data=data,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SiO2",
          col.regions= terrain.colors(100))

plotSiO2_1997 <- levelplot(SiO2 ~ x*y, data=SiO2_1997,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SiO2 1997",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotSiO2_1998 <- levelplot(SiO2 ~ x*y, data=SiO2_1998,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SiO2 1998",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotSiO2_2007 <- levelplot(SiO2 ~ x*y, data=SiO2_2007,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SiO2 2007",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotSiO2_2011 <- levelplot(SiO2 ~ x*y, data=SiO2_2011,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SiO2 2011",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotSiO2_2012 <- levelplot(SiO2 ~ x*y, data=SiO2_2012,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot SiO2 2012",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

### Fe
plotFe <- levelplot(Fe ~ x*y, data=data,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Fe",
          col.regions= terrain.colors(100))

plotFe_1997 <- levelplot(Fe ~ x*y, data=Fe_1997,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Fe 1997",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotFe_1998 <- levelplot(Fe ~ x*y, data=Fe_1998,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Fe 1998",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotFe_2007 <- levelplot(Fe ~ x*y, data=Fe_2007,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Fe 2007",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotFe_2011 <- levelplot(Fe ~ x*y, data=Fe_2011,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Fe 2011",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotFe_2012 <- levelplot(Fe ~ x*y, data=Fe_2012,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Fe 2012",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

### Mg
plotMg <- levelplot(Mg ~ x*y, data=data,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mg",
          col.regions= terrain.colors(100))

plotMg_1997 <- levelplot(Mg ~ x*y, data=Mg_1997,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mg 1997",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotMg_1998 <- levelplot(Mg ~ x*y, data=Mg_1998,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mg 1998",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotMg_2007 <- levelplot(Mg ~ x*y, data=Mg_2007,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mg 2007",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotMg_2011 <- levelplot(Mg ~ x*y, data=Mg_2011,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mg 2011",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotMg_2012 <- levelplot(Mg ~ x*y, data=Mg_2012,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mg 2012",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

### Mn
plotMn <- levelplot(Mn ~ x*y, data=data,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mn",
          col.regions= terrain.colors(100))

plotMn_1997 <- levelplot(Mn ~ x*y, data=Mn_1997,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mn 1997",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotMn_1998 <- levelplot(Mn ~ x*y, data=Mn_1998,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mn 1998",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotMn_2007 <- levelplot(Mn ~ x*y, data=Mn_2007,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mn 2007",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotMn_2011 <- levelplot(Mn ~ x*y, data=Mn_2011,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mn 2011",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))
plotMn_2012 <- levelplot(Mn ~ x*y, data=Mn_2012,
          xlab="X coord", ylab="Y coord",
          main="Level plot Mn 2012",
          col.regions=terrain.colors(100))

grid.arrange(plotSiO2, plotSiO2_1997, plotSiO2_1998,
             plotSiO2_2007, plotSiO2_2011, plotSiO2_2012,
             ncol=2)

grid.arrange(plotMg, plotMg_1997, plotMg_1998,
             plotMg_2007, plotMg_2011, plotMg_2012,
             ncol=2)

grid.arrange(plotFe, plotFe_1997, plotFe_1998,
             plotFe_2007, plotFe_2011, plotFe_2012,
             ncol=2)

grid.arrange(plotMn, plotMn_1997, plotMn_1998,
             plotMn_2007, plotMn_2011, plotMn_2012,
             ncol=2)

4. Remarks

• The groundwater flows to the river and assumed to be constant.
• In all plots, we can’t see significant difference between all year plot with yearly plot.
• There is no significant change of concentration and distribution in different year.
• River signature:
  • NO2 plots show a slight increase of concentration in the river, while NO3 plots don’t show significant change.
  • the northern part is covered dominantly with agriculture field, while the southern lowland and along the riverbank is highly urbanised area.
• Groundwater signature:
  • SO4 plots don’t show any significant change in concentration, whereas the Cl plots show hotspots at the north-west part of the area. The concentration of both elements decreases towards the river.
• Geology signature:
  • SiO2 plots show the decreasing concentration towards the river, in east-west trend. In north-south direction, we can see the high concentration of SiO2 at the north part and decreasing to the south. This pattern is consistent with the majority of volcanic deposits at northern highland part and majority of non-volcanic deposita at the southern lowland part. Mg plots show high spots at the north-west part and at the river.
  • Mn plots show the high concentration at the north-western part of the area. The concentration then decrease towards southern part and also in the direction to the river. The high Mn concentration in the north-west part is confirmed by the distribution of lake deposit in the area. Along with the Mn, Fe plots, as another indicator of lake deposit, show a slight increase southwards in the river stream.