---
title: "More About Data Visualization"
author: "Homer White"
date: "9/14/2017"
output:
  flexdashboard::flex_dashboard:
    source_code: embed
    storyboard: true
---

```{r include = FALSE}
knitr::opts_chunk$set(echo = TRUE, message = FALSE, warning = FALSE)
library(tidyverse)
data("BabyNames", package = "DataComputing")
library(plotly)
library(highcharter)
```

### Have a look at the `iris` data.  (From the **datasets** package, loaded by default when you start R.){data-commentary-width=450}

```{r echo = FALSE}
DT::datatable(iris, options = list(
  pageLength = 8
))
```

***

This is data on 150 irises.  Variables recorded are:

* Sepal Length
* Sepal Width
* Petal Length
* Petal Width
* Species:
    * setosa
    * versicolor
    * virginica

### The **plotly** package uses Javascript to add interactivity to a plot. {data-commentary-width=550}

```{r echo = FALSE}
plot_ly(data = iris, x = ~Sepal.Length, y = ~Petal.Length, 
        color = ~Species,
        text = ~paste("Sepal Width: ", Sepal.Width,
                      '
Petal Width:', Petal.Width))
```

***

Here's the code.

```{r eval = FALSE}
plot_ly(data = iris, x = ~Sepal.Length,
        y = ~Petal.Length, 
        color = ~Species,
        text = ~paste("Sepal Width: ", Sepal.Width,
                      '
Petal Width:', Petal.Width))
```

You can see the Grammar of Graphics at work, especially in the aesthetic mappings.  Note also the use of the HTML tag `
`.

### Plotly can attempt to make a ggplot interactive. {data-commentary-width=500}


```{r echo = FALSE}
p <-
  iris %>%
  ggplot(aes(x = Sepal.Length, y = Petal.Length)) +
    geom_point(aes(color = Species))
plotly::ggplotly(p)
```


***

Here's the code:

```{r eval = FALSE}
p <-
  iris %>%
  ggplot(aes(x = Sepal.Length, 
             y = Petal.Length)) +
    geom_point(aes(color = Species))
plotly::ggplotly(p)
```

But quite often the plot is a bit distorted, as you can see in this case.  Hence when you want interactive graphics for *production* (final version of your report) rather than for preliminary exploration, you should switch from **ggplot** to a package like **plotly**.


### Plotly has the capacity to produce 3D plots. {data-commentary-width=450}

```{r echo = FALSE}
plot_ly(iris, x = ~Sepal.Length, y = ~Petal.Length,
        z = ~Petal.Width, color = ~Species,
        text = ~paste("Sepal Width: ", Sepal.Width)) %>%
  add_markers() %>%
  layout(scene = list(xaxis = list(title = 'Sepal Length'),
                     yaxis = list(title = 'Petal Length'),
                     zaxis = list(title = 'Petal Width')))
```

***

Here's how to do it:

```{r eval = FALSE}
plot_ly(iris, x = ~Sepal.Length,
        y = ~Petal.Length,
        z = ~Petal.Width,
        color = ~Species,
        text = ~paste("Sepal Width: ",
                      Sepal.Width)) %>%
  add_markers() %>%
  layout(scene = list(
    xaxis = list(title = 'Sepal Length'),
    yaxis = list(title = 'Petal Length'),
    zaxis = list(title = 'Petal Width')))
```



### Another popular interactive graphing package is **highcharter**. {data-commentary-width=450}

```{r echo = F}
BabyNames %>%
  filter(name %in% c("Mary", "Maria")) %>%
  group_by(year, name) %>%
  summarise(popularity = sum(count)) %>% 
  hchart("line", hcaes(x = year, 
                       y = popularity,
                       group = name))
```

***

Here's the code (`BabyNames` is from the **DataComputing** package).

```{r eval = F}
BabyNames %>%
  filter(name %in% c("Mary", "Maria")) %>%
  group_by(year, name) %>%
  summarise(popularity = sum(count)) %>% 
  hchart("line", hcaes(x = year, 
                       y = popularity,
                       group = name))
```


Note that **highcharter** is not free for commercial or governmental use.

**Data Visualization as a Career**:  For much more inspiring examples of data visualization, and for advice on pursuing data vis as a career or as a skill-set in your career, consult Jim Vallandingham's blog post:

>[Becoming a Data Visualization Practitioner](http://vallandingham.me/becoming_datavis_practitioner.html)