HW1

1.1

• 1. Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, summarizing, and analyzing information to draw conclusions or answer questions. In addition, statistics is about providing a measure of confidence in any conclusions. It is the logic of uncertainty.
• 3. Individual
• 5. Statistic
• 7. Parameter
• 9. Statistic
• 11. Parameter
• 13. Statistic
• 15. Qualitative
• 17. Quantitative
• 19. Quantitative
• 21. Qualitative
• 23. Discrete
• 25. Continuous
• 27. Continuous
• 29. Discrete
• 39. The population is teenagers between the ages of 13 and 17 living in the United States. The sample is the 1028 13-17 year old teenagers contacted by the Gallup Organization.
• 40. The population is Coca-Cola bottles filled on October 15th. The sample is the 50 randomly selected bottles filled on October 15th.
• 41. The population is all of the farmers soybean crops. The sample is the 100 plants that the farmer randomly selected.
• 42. The population is every household counted in the U.S. Census. The sample is the 50,000 houses that the survey is based on. ###1.2
• 13. Observational study
• 14. Observational study
• 15. Experiment
• 16. Observational study
• 17. 1. This is a cohort study because a group of people were observed over a long period of time. b) The response variable is whether or whether not the individual got heart disease. The explanatory variable is whether or whether not the individual is happy. c) There is possibility that a confounding variable is at play. There may be a factor as a result of being happy that determines whether or whether not an individual will have heart disease, instead of the happiness itself.
• 18. 1. This is a cross-sectional study because it was done to individuals who were drinking coffee at the time of the study, and it was over a short period of time. b) The response variable is whether or whether not the individual got nonmelanoma skin cancer. The explanatory variable is whether or whether not the individual drank more than six cups of caffinated coffe per day. c) It is important to adjust for lifestyle variables becuase it helps to rule out the possibility of a lurking or confounding variable.