Simple Social Network Analysis: Who Retweets Whom

Social Network Analysis

Focusing on relationships among social entities, social network analysis is used widely in the social and behavioral sciences, economics, marketing and industrial engineering. Retweets of a Tweet shows the information flow occurance in today’s information age. Product List, Product Review, and Technology Trends, just named a few research benifit you may get by study the retweet trend.

library(twitteR)

## Warning: package 'twitteR' was built under R version 3.3.3

library(igraph)

## 
## Attaching package: 'igraph'

## The following objects are masked from 'package:stats':
## 
##     decompose, spectrum

## The following object is masked from 'package:base':
## 
##     union

library(stringr)

## Warning: package 'stringr' was built under R version 3.3.3

## 
## Attaching package: 'stringr'

## The following object is masked from 'package:igraph':
## 
##     %>%

Step 0: You need to use OAuth from Twitter

1. Log into the Twitter Developers section.

2. Get Consumer Key & Consumer Secret, you have to create an app in Twitter via https://apps.twitter.com/app/new.

3. Then you’ll be taken to a page containing Consumer Key & Consumer Secret.

Step 1: Load the data from Twitter API

# you need to use your own key, which can be obtain from tweeter
# api_key <- "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
# api_secret <- "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
# access_token <- "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
# access_token_secret <- "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"

setup_twitter_oauth(api_key,api_secret,access_token,access_token_secret)

## [1] "Using direct authentication"

tweets = searchTwitter("#MachineLearning", n=150)

tweet_txt = sapply(tweets, function(x) x$getText())

Finding Retweet

# regular expressions to find retweets
grep("(RT|via)((?:\\b\\W*@\\w+)+)", tweets, ignore.case=TRUE, value=TRUE)

## character(0)

# which tweets are retweets
rt_patterns = grep("(RT|via)((?:\\b\\W*@\\w+)+)", tweet_txt, ignore.case=TRUE)
 
# show retweets (these are the ones we want to focus on)
tweet_txt[rt_patterns]

##   [1] "RT @jlmico: #MachineLearning and #CyberSecurity Resources: https://t.co/YVqNc1MaJ4 #ML #BigData #DataScience #InfoSec\nhttps://t.co/dQ4s99Rm…"        
##   [2] "RT @DD_Wen_: Cluster Analysis and Unsupervised Machine Learning in Python https://t.co/0vG8f9GGY7 #Python #MachineLearning"                           
##   [3] "RT @DeepLearn007: Machine Learning Enhances Processes Greatly\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #ML #CX #tech \nhttps://t.co/sC5RgfM2HB https://…"       
##   [4] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##   [5] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##   [6] "RT @JimMarous: The Cognitive Banking Ecosystem for 1:1 Targeting\n\nhttps://t.co/pkbZbo5ITN  \n\n#fintech #banking #AI #machinelearning #data #…"     
##   [7] "RT @DeepLearn007: #MachineLearning vs. Quants: Advantages of Machine Learning in Finance\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #BigData #ML #tech http…"        
##   [8] "RT @TamaraMcCleary: #AI: By 2020, smart agents will manage 40% of #mobile interactions. #bots #machinelearning https://t.co/NYz1WvcRzC"               
##   [9] "RT @DeepLearn007: #MachineLearning vs. Quants: Advantages of Machine Learning in Finance\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #BigData #ML #tech http…"        
##  [10] "RT @DeepLearn007: 5 Tech Forces That Will Change Insurance for Good\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #insurtech #ML #tech \nhttps://t.co/W7tNl3…"       
##  [11] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Google’s #MachineLearning #software can recognize human voices with 95% accuracy\n#AI #IoT #Bigdata @Google https://t.…"        
##  [12] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Google’s #MachineLearning #software can recognize human voices with 95% accuracy\n#AI #IoT #Bigdata @Google https://t.…"        
##  [13] "RT @porestar: It's been an amazing #hackathon thanks to the fantastic organisers of #subhack from @Total and @agilegeo #MachineLearning htt…"         
##  [14] "RT @SentiNewsApp: Using #MachineLearning and #BigData #Analytics to Improve Existing #Business Syste\nhttps://t.co/RhuAc4kewn #AI #ML #IoT #…"        
##  [15] "RT @DeepLearn007: Machine Learning Enhances Processes Greatly\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #ML #CX #tech \nhttps://t.co/sC5RgfM2HB https://…"       
##  [16] "RT @porestar: 4 way camera system plus desktop sharing and mentimeter live voting! #hackathon #MachineLearning https://t.co/KcLFZaoq5u"               
##  [17] "RT @mapr: 4 Hot #BusinessIntelligence Trends: #PredictiveAnalytics & #MachineLearning Hits Its Stride (Part 3 of 4): https://t.co/Xr8tpgxkP…"     
##  [18] "RT @jlmico: 5 Career Paths in #BigData and #DataScience, Explained: https://t.co/aVrV3EPQXJ #MachineLearning #Analytics\nhttps://t.co/Aro8uI…"        
##  [19] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [20] "RT @porestar: It's demo time! #subhack #machinelearning #hackathon @Total @agilegeo https://t.co/GKQionYoAZ"                                          
##  [21] "RT @porestar: 4 way camera system plus desktop sharing and mentimeter live voting! #hackathon #MachineLearning https://t.co/KcLFZaoq5u"               
##  [22] "RT @royalsociety: How #machinelearning is already shaping the world around us in surprising & exciting ways https://t.co/D6ClpeOZbl  #rsmac…"     
##  [23] "RT @ALSALHAN: How do you describe what #AI can do? #machinelearning #bigdata #fintech #ArtificialIntelligence #robotics #neuroscience #Ente…"         
##  [24] "RT @DeepLearn007: #MachineLearning vs. Quants: Advantages of Machine Learning in Finance\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #BigData #ML #tech http…"        
##  [25] "RT @Anita_Pralija: The Future Of #AI https://t.co/aiyMtaCYVu … @kuriharan @evankirstel #machinelearning #BigData #deeplearning #CyberSecuri…"         
##  [26] "RT @JimMarous: A Guide to the @intel #IoT Infographic\n\nhttps://t.co/Hssr0iynDB \n\n #MachineLearning #IIoT #Industry40 #AI #bigdata #Internet…"     
##  [27] "RT @DeepLearn007: 5 Tech Forces That Will Change Insurance for Good\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #insurtech #ML #tech \nhttps://t.co/W7tNl3…"       
##  [28] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [29] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [30] "RT @jlmico: #MachineLearning overtaking #BigData? https://t.co/jjIyBvHwXt #DataScience #Analytics #ML\nhttps://t.co/n6zf7DZTqx"                       
##  [31] "RT @JimMarous: Great Explanation of #AR, #MR and #VR by @LoharPrasanna\n\n@LoharPrasanna\n\n#machinelearning #AugmentedReality #VirtualReality…"      
##  [32] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [33] "RT @DeepLearn007: Machine Learning Enhances Processes Greatly\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #ML #CX #tech \nhttps://t.co/sC5RgfM2HB https://…"       
##  [34] "RT @AnsonMcCade: How do you describe what #AI can do? #machinelearning #bigdata #fintech #ArtificialIntelligence #robotics #neuroscience ht…"         
##  [35] "RT @Anita_Pralija: The Future Of #AI https://t.co/aiyMtaCYVu … @kuriharan @evankirstel #machinelearning #BigData #deeplearning #CyberSecuri…"         
##  [36] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [37] "RT @ALSALHAN: How do you describe what #AI can do? #machinelearning #bigdata #fintech #ArtificialIntelligence #robotics #neuroscience #Ente…"         
##  [38] "RT @royalsociety: How #machinelearning is already shaping the world around us in surprising & exciting ways https://t.co/D6ClpeOZbl  #rsmac…"     
##  [39] "RT @DeepLearn007: #MachineLearning vs. Quants: Advantages of Machine Learning in Finance\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #BigData #ML #tech http…"        
##  [40] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [41] "RT @JimMarous: Harnessing the power of #artificialintelligence and #machinelearning.\n\nhttps://t.co/2JhrMLnTMO\n\n@DeepLearn007 #digital #AI #…"     
##  [42] "RT @psb_dc: The State of Artificial Intelligence Report\n\n#AI #MachineLearning #healthcare #fintech #insurtech @CBinsights \n\nhttps://t.co/gH…"     
##  [43] "RT @kdnuggets: 20+ hottest research papers on Computer Vision, #MachineLearning #KDN https://t.co/2th9Cdr4Ln https://t.co/mOQxoWxx2x"                 
##  [44] "RT @orzota: Check Out These Top 6 #MachineLearning Trends! #BigData #ML\n\nhttps://t.co/BY1rqTJz8L"                                                   
##  [45] "RT @DeepLearn007: Machine Learning Enhances Processes Greatly\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #ML #CX #tech \nhttps://t.co/sC5RgfM2HB https://…"       
##  [46] "RT @DeepLearn007: Machine Learning Enhances Processes Greatly\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #ML #CX #tech \nhttps://t.co/sC5RgfM2HB https://…"       
##  [47] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [48] "RT @orzota: Find Out How Mount Sinai Uses #MachineLearning for Heart Imaging Analytics | #BigData #ML\n\nhttps://t.co/hZtM1OiSBv"                     
##  [49] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [50] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [51] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [52] "RT @DeepLearn007: 5 Tech Forces That Will Change Insurance for Good\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #insurtech #ML #tech \nhttps://t.co/W7tNl3…"       
##  [53] "RT @DeepLearn007: JP Morgan on Machine Learning & Big Data\n#AI #machinelearning #bigdata #fintech #deeplearning #ML #DL #tech\nhttps://t.co/…"   
##  [54] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [55] "RT @marcusborba: #MachineLearning and #AI: When to Start? | #DataScience \nhttps://t.co/tPNZ8coqzc"                                                   
##  [56] "RT @orzota: #MachineLearning To Reinvent Business | via @vivianrosenthal #BigData #ML\n\nhttps://t.co/PfvsoRyQAG"                                     
##  [57] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [58] "RT @KirkDBorne: Incorporating #MachineLearning into Enterprises: https://t.co/lsGns02bLE #BigData #DataScience #MachineIntelligence #AI by…"          
##  [59] "RT @royalsociety: How #machinelearning is already shaping the world around us in surprising & exciting ways https://t.co/D6ClpeOZbl  #rsmac…"     
##  [60] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
##  [61] "RT @DeepLearn007: JP Morgan on Machine Learning & Big Data\n#AI #machinelearning #bigdata #fintech #deeplearning #ML #DL #tech\nhttps://t.co/…"   
##  [62] "RT @gp_pulipaka: Cheat Sheets of #MachineLearning and Python (and #Math). #BigData #DataScience #AI #Azure #Mathematics #Python \nhttps://t.…"        
##  [63] "RT @DeepLearn007: #MachineLearning vs. Quants: Advantages of Machine Learning in Finance\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #BigData #ML #tech http…"        
##  [64] "RT @KirkDBorne: What is #RPA?\n\n#Robotics\n#AI\n#ArtificialIntelligence\n#MachineIntelligence\n#MachineLearning\n#DataScience\n#BigData\nat @Pega #…"
##  [65] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [66] "#MachineLearning in Real Life: Tales from the Trenches to the #Cloud –Part 1 https://t.co/SpwIAqrXL5 via @kdnuggets  https://t.co/pRPZfBw3mD"         
##  [67] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [68] "RT @BourseetTrading: #Machinelearning in the world around you\n#AI #IoT #smartcity #M2M #defstar5 #makeyourownlane #Mpgvip\nhttps://t.co/QYIH…"       
##  [69] "RT @KirkDBorne: What is #RPA?\n\n#Robotics\n#AI\n#ArtificialIntelligence\n#MachineIntelligence\n#MachineLearning\n#DataScience\n#BigData\nat @Pega #…"
##  [70] "RT @jblefevre60: JP Morgan on #MachineLearning & #BigData\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #ML #DL #tech\nhttps://t.co/ByYROWMJyy\nHT @DeepLearn007…"  
##  [71] "RT @DeepLearn007: JP Morgan on Machine Learning & Big Data\n#AI #machinelearning #bigdata #fintech #deeplearning #ML #DL #tech\nhttps://t.co/…"   
##  [72] "RT @DeepLearn007: Machine Learning Enhances Processes Greatly\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #ML #CX #tech \nhttps://t.co/sC5RgfM2HB https://…"       
##  [73] "RT @royalsociety: How #machinelearning is already shaping the world around us in surprising & exciting ways https://t.co/D6ClpeOZbl  #rsmac…"     
##  [74] "RT @DeepLearn007: 5 Tech Forces That Will Change Insurance for Good\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #insurtech #ML #tech \nhttps://t.co/W7tNl3…"       
##  [75] "RT @KirkDBorne: The #MachineLearning Paradigm: mathematical #algorithms that learn from experience!\n#AI #DeepLearning #DataScience #Predict…"        
##  [76] "RT @ipfconline1: What is #MachineLearning Really?\n#AI #BigData #Analytics\n#Marketing #Startups #makeyourownlane #SMM #defstar5  #CMO #CEO\n[…"      
##  [77] "RT @cloudpreacher: Small Data versus #BigData! #Transactions #Interactions #Observations #IoT #IIoT #MachineLearning #ArtificialIntelligenc…"         
##  [78] "RT @jblefevre60: #fintech world infographic\n#Insurtech #BigData #Analytics #regtech #payments #WealthTech #AI #IoT #MachineLearning #ML #so…"        
##  [79] "RT @DeepLearn007: #MachineLearning vs. Quants: Advantages of Machine Learning in Finance\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #BigData #ML #tech http…"        
##  [80] "RT @DeepLearn007: 5 Tech Forces That Will Change Insurance for Good\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #insurtech #ML #tech \nhttps://t.co/W7tNl3…"       
##  [81] "RT @kdnuggets: 20+ hottest research papers on Computer Vision, #MachineLearning #KDN https://t.co/2th9Cdr4Ln https://t.co/mOQxoWxx2x"                 
##  [82] "RT @orzota: #MachineLearning Can Be Utilized to Automate How Businesses Connect to its Data #BigData #ML\n\nhttps://t.co/B3AfnjiGjz"                  
##  [83] "RT @jblefevre60: Top 5 future #technology inventions 2019-2050\n#mobile #mobility #fintech #tech #AI #machinelearning #hologram #smartcard h…"        
##  [84] "RT @DeepLearn007: Machine Learning Enhances Processes Greatly\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #ML #CX #tech \nhttps://t.co/sC5RgfM2HB https://…"       
##  [85] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
##  [86] "RT @ipfconline1: A Simple Neural Network w/ #Python + #Keras\nhttps://t.co/nxLwlqJGFG   #DataScience #MachineLearning #DeepLearning @PyImage…"        
##  [87] "RT @DeepLearn007: RFID Journal Unlocking Intelligence\n#AI #machinelearning #bigdata #ML #IoT #tech \nhttps://t.co/rZgAJX7qHP https://t.co/5L…"       
##  [88] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
##  [89] "RT @KirkDBorne: Incorporating #MachineLearning into Enterprises: https://t.co/lsGns02bLE #BigData #DataScience #MachineIntelligence #AI by…"          
##  [90] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
##  [91] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
##  [92] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
##  [93] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
##  [94] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
##  [95] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
##  [96] "RT @DeepLearn007: #MachineLearning vs. Quants: Advantages of Machine Learning in Finance\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #BigData #ML #tech http…"        
##  [97] "RT @DeepLearn007: #MachineLearning vs. Quants: Advantages of Machine Learning in Finance\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #BigData #ML #tech http…"        
##  [98] "RT @ipfconline1: A Simple Neural Network w/ #Python + #Keras\nhttps://t.co/nxLwlqJGFG   #DataScience #MachineLearning #DeepLearning @PyImage…"        
##  [99] "RT @gp_pulipaka: How to automate deep learning training with #Kubernetes. #BigData #DeepLearning #MachineLearning #DataScience #AI \nhttps:/…"        
## [100] "RT @MikeTamir: Build a super fast #AI #DeepLearning #MachineLearning machine for under $1,000 https://t.co/qSbCRYitl1  #DataScience https:/…"         
## [101] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
## [102] "RT @MaarekClaire: #bigdata: Machine Learning overtaking Big Data? #MachineLearning https://t.co/rlgy0YVLCX"                                           
## [103] "RT @DeepLearn007: The Big Data banking revolution\n#AI #machinelearning #bigdata #Fintech #ML #Banking #tech \nhttps://t.co/tFoMjOHBzb https:…"       
## [104] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
## [105] "RT @gp_pulipaka: Adversarial autoencoders create new medicines in oncology. #BigData #DeepLearning #MachineLearning #DataScience #AI\nhttps:…"        
## [106] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
## [107] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
## [108] "RT @alhalabi_: Great read for anyone thinking about deploying #artificialintelligence , #machinelearning and #deeplearning on their data ht…"         
## [109] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
## [110] "RT @unioslo_titan: Video for deg som vil vite hva #AI og #machinelearning er, hvordan det virker og hva det kan gjøre for oss: https://t.co…"         
## [111] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
## [112] "RT @v_vashishta: Quantum Learning Speed-up with Classical Training Data https://t.co/qsxxi5Spog #Quantumcomputing #MachineLearning"                   
## [113] "RT @DeepLearn007: The Big Data banking revolution\n#AI #machinelearning #bigdata #Fintech #ML #Banking #tech \nhttps://t.co/tFoMjOHBzb https:…"       
## [114] "RT @reworkhealth: Computer scientists to develop machine learning tools to analyze massive sets of genomic data #machinelearning https://t.…"         
## [115] "RT @gp_pulipaka: Adversarial autoencoders create new medicines in oncology. #BigData #DeepLearning #MachineLearning #DataScience #AI\nhttps:…"        
## [116] "RT @alisovino: RT DeepLearn007: Machine Learning Enhances Processes Greatly\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #ML #CX #tech \n… https://t.co/Ehq…"       
## [117] "RT @DeepLearn007: 5 Tech Forces That Will Change Insurance for Good\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #insurtech #ML #tech \nhttps://t.co/W7tNl3…"       
## [118] "RT @cloudpreacher: Small Data versus #BigData! #Transactions #Interactions #Observations #IoT #IIoT #MachineLearning #ArtificialIntelligenc…"         
## [119] "RT @DeepLearn007: Machine Learning Enhances Processes Greatly\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #ML #CX #tech \nhttps://t.co/sC5RgfM2HB https://…"       
## [120] "RT @ALSALHAN: How do you describe what #AI can do? #machinelearning #bigdata #fintech #ArtificialIntelligence #robotics #neuroscience #Ente…"         
## [121] "RT @gp_pulipaka: Reasons to Switch from TensorFlow to #CNTK. #BigData #DeepLearning #MachineLearning #DataScience #AI #TensorFlow\nhttps://t…"        
## [122] "RT @DeepLearn007: #MachineLearning vs. Quants: Advantages of Machine Learning in Finance\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #BigData #ML #tech http…"        
## [123] "RT @gp_pulipaka: Artificial Intelligence in Natural Language Processing.#BigData #DeepLearning #MachineLearning #DataScience #AI #NLP\nhttps…"        
## [124] "RT @DeepLearn007: #MachineLearning vs. Quants: Advantages of Machine Learning in Finance\n#AI #fintech #deeplearning #BigData #ML #tech http…"        
## [125] "RT @gp_pulipaka: AI Predicts Autism Based on Infant Brain Scans. #BigData #DeepLearning #MachineLearning #DataScience #AI \nhttps://t.co/PFz…"        
## [126] "RT @DeepLearn007: 5 Tech Forces That Will Change Insurance for Good\n#AI #MachineLearning #fintech #insurtech #ML #tech \nhttps://t.co/W7tNl3…"

Visualize Retweets with R

# we create a list to store user names
who_retweet = as.list(1:length(rt_patterns))
who_post = as.list(1:length(rt_patterns))
 
# for loop
for (i in 1:length(rt_patterns))
{
# get tweet with retweet entity
twit = tweets[[rt_patterns[i]]]
# get retweet source
poster = str_extract_all(twit$getText(),"(RT|via)((?:\\b\\W*@\\w+)+)")
#remove ':'
poster = gsub(":", "", unlist(poster))
# name of retweeted user
who_post[[i]] = gsub("(RT @|via @)", "", poster, ignore.case=TRUE)
# name of retweeting user
who_retweet[[i]] = rep(twit$getScreenName(), length(poster))
}
 
# and we put it off the list
who_post = unlist(who_post)
who_retweet = unlist(who_retweet)

Generate Network Graph

# two column matrix of edges
retweeter_poster = cbind(who_retweet, who_post)
 
# generate graph
rt_graph = graph.edgelist(retweeter_poster)
 
# get vertex names
ver_labs = get.vertex.attribute(rt_graph, "name", index=V(rt_graph))

Plot the Network Graph with The Kamada-Kawai layout algorithm

# choose some layout

glay = layout_with_kk(rt_graph)
 
# plot
par(bg="white", mar=c(1,1,1,1))
plot(rt_graph, layout=glay,
vertex.color="black",
vertex.size=10,
vertex.label=ver_labs,
vertex.label.family="sans",
vertex.shape="none",
vertex.label.color=hsv(h=.165, s=.28, v=.08, alpha=1),
vertex.label.cex=0.85,
edge.arrow.size=0.8,
edge.arrow.width=0.5,
edge.width=3,
edge.color=hsv(h=0, s=1, v=1, alpha=1))
# edge.color=("#408080")
# add title
title("nTweets on #MachineLearning : Who retweets whom",
cex.main=1, col.main="black")

The Fruchterman-Reingold layout algorithm on Network Graph

# for loop
for (i in 1:3)
{
# get tweet with retweet entity
twit = tweets[[rt_patterns[i]]]
# get retweet source
poster = str_extract_all(twit$getText(),"(RT|via)((?:\\b\\W*@\\w+)+)")
#remove ':'
poster = gsub(":", "", unlist(poster))
# name of retweeted user
who_post[[i]] = gsub("(RT @|via @)", "", poster, ignore.case=TRUE)
# name of retweeting user
who_retweet[[i]] = rep(twit$getScreenName(), length(poster))
}
 
# and we put it off the list
who_post = unlist(who_post)
who_retweet = unlist(who_retweet)

# two column matrix of edges
retweeter_poster = cbind(who_retweet, who_post)
 
# generate graph
rt_graph = graph.edgelist(retweeter_poster)
 
# get vertex names
ver_labs = get.vertex.attribute(rt_graph, "name", index=V(rt_graph))

# choose some layout

glay = layout_with_fr(rt_graph)
 
# plot
par(bg="white", mar=c(1,1,1,1))
plot(rt_graph, layout=glay,
vertex.color="black",
vertex.size=10,
vertex.label=ver_labs,
vertex.label.family="sans",
vertex.shape="none",
vertex.label.color=hsv(h=.165, s=.28, v=.08, alpha=1),
vertex.label.cex=0.85,
edge.arrow.size=0.8,
edge.arrow.width=0.5,
edge.width=3,
edge.color=hsv(h=0, s=1, v=1, alpha=1))
# edge.color=("#408080")
# add title
title("nTweets on #MachineLearning : Who retweets whom",
cex.main=1, col.main="black")