R语言分析宋词300首

其实做法很简单，大概就是分这么几步：

• 把文本拆分成一个一个的单词
  
• 把单词按照出现的频率、次数进行排序
  
• 用可视化把结果展示出来

导入文本库

fileName <- "F:\\Code\\R\\Song\\songci300.txt"
SC <- readChar(fileName, file.info(fileName)$size)

can only read in bytes in a non-UTF-8 MBCS locale

substr(SC, 1000, 1100)

[1] "伤春，不如怜取眼前人。\r\n晏殊\r\n红笺小字，说尽平生意。鸿雁在云鱼在水，惆怅此情难寄。\r\n斜阳独倚西楼，遥山恰对帘钩。人面不知何处，绿波依旧东流。\r\n晏殊\r\n金风细细，叶叶梧桐坠。绿酒初尝人易醉，一枕窗"

用分词包『结巴R』里面的 worker() 公式完成分词

library(jiebaR)
cc = worker()
analysis <- as.data.frame(table(cc[SC]))
names(analysis) <- c("word","freq")
analysis <- analysis[order(-analysis$freq),]
analysis$word <- as.character(analysis$word)
head(analysis)

用R包wordcloud2把结果简单地进行了一下可视化

library(wordcloud2)

package 愼㸱愼㹥wordcloud2愼㸱愼㹦 was built under R version 3.3.3

wordcloud2(analysis)

根据分词结果的字数（一字，二字，三字）重新进行了可视化，结果如下

wordcloud2(analysis[analysis$freq>1& analysis$freq < 300 & nchar(analysis$word) == 1,])

wordcloud2(analysis[analysis$freq>1& analysis$freq < 300 & nchar(analysis$word) == 2,])

wordcloud2(analysis[analysis$freq>1 & analysis$freq < 300 & nchar(analysis$word) == 3,])

诗词创作

分析准备

In strsplit(code, "\n", fixed = TRUE) :
  input string 1 is invalid in this locale

tagger <- worker("tag")
cipai_2 <- tagger <= cipai
cipai_2

     n      x      x      n      v      a      n      g      v 
"画堂" "晨起" "来报" "雪花"   "坠" 
1,  高" "卷帘"   "栊" 
1,  看" 
     x      x      a      v      x      n      x      x      x 
"佳瑞" "皓色"   "远" 
1,  迷" "庭砌" "盛气" "光引" "炉烟" "素草" 
     x     nr      x      n      x      d      p     nr      v 
"寒生" "玉佩" "应是" "天仙" "狂醉"   "乱" 
1,  把" "白云" "揉碎" 

从之前提炼的宋词词频库中，选取了至少出现过 两次 的一字或两字词语，作为诗词创作的素材库；然后提取词性文件，将素材根据词性分类：

example <- subset(analysis, freq >1 & nchar(word) <3 & freq < 300)
cixing <- attributes(cipai_2)$names
example_2 <- tagger <= example$word

开始创作

从范本词牌的 第一个词 开始，随机在素材库中选取 词性相同，字数相等 的单词，填入提前设置好的空白字符串中。

write_songci <- function(m){
set.seed(m)
empty <- ""
for (i in 1:length(cipai_2)){
  temp_file <- example_2[attributes(example_2)$name == cixing[i]]
  temp_file <- temp_file[nchar(temp_file) == nchar(cipai_2[i])] 
  empty <- paste0(empty, sample(temp_file,1))
  }
result <- paste0(substr(empty, 1,4), ",", substr(empty,5,9),".", 
      substr(empty, 10,16), ",", substr(empty, 17,22),".",
      substr(empty, 23,28), ",", substr(empty, 29,34),".",
      substr(empty, 35,40), ",", substr(empty, 41,46),".")
}

看看创作成果

lapply(1:5, write_songci)

[[1]]
[1] "乱鸦初静,帘外心眼断.慢银钩榭吐灯前,轻寒暖抱春空.青草何似诗酒,竹槛春恨翩翩.犹在垂柳平芜,欲凭佩环归来."

[[2]]
[1] "楼头若到,帘外风味闻.嫩春色旆舞看尽,困倚绿干泪满.华表心似争忍,声里芳思苏轼.轻鸥归路湘天,却为言语衰草."

[[3]]
[1] "风味午梦,春空踪迹认.碎游丝栊觅难留,荒台阴赋赖有.万事香凝残醉,沙际遥山王孙.时见芳草更苦,都凭清香更阑."

[[4]]
[1] "草草双燕,赵令青苔聚.红琉璃醺卧绿杨,天角难听云来.画图非烟长向,柳花怎得蓬壶.声住滋味呼灯,只从秋水不负."

[[5]]
[1] "小窗情伤,倚楼情味望.浓一梦髻引残醉,已断细晴阑角.楼台轻别春山,燕股赖有双飞.燕股留人人去,便在晓色闲愁."