Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 1
All Rights Reserved.
CALIBER Leadership Inventory
Pat Jones
Innovate Inc.
December 28, 2016
Discover
Nurture
Strengthen
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 2
All Rights Reserved.
CALIBER Leadership
Learned
Characteristics
Developed
Characteristics
Transactional
Behaviors
Low Uncertainty Avoidance /
High Uncertainty Avoidance
Low Individualism /
High Individualism
Low Masculinity /
High Masculinity
Low Long-Term Orientation /
High Long-Term Orientation
Stewardship
Creativity
Vision
Confidence
Authenticity
Communication
Empowerment
Competence
Culture
Reinforcement
Leadership is about being and doing. The effectiveness of a leader depends on his or her behaviors
and characteristics as experienced by others. A part of who we are is shaped by our mind’s software
programmed by the social environments in which we were born and brought up. Through each of our
national cultures, we become predisposed to certain ways of thinking, judging, and doing (Hofstede,
2001). National culture is difficult to unlearn and change: it takes a lifetime to alter its influences. The
more aligned we are to our natural predilections, the more authentic we feel and the more sustainable
our performance. The second part, our developed character, is internalized by repeated thoughts and
behaviors. In this sense, we become what we do. Developed character can be groomed by careful
practice, thinking, and reflection over a sustained period. Finally, we have the greatest control over
our behaviors each and every day. Everyday behaviors comprise transactional practices that are
relatively easier to modify. They can be learned, adapted, and altered to bring others along and get
things done in service of a broader goal.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 3
All Rights Reserved.
Leadership and Organizational Context
An organization’s context evolves over its lifecycle. Long periods of ideation, experimentation, and creative focus
lead to innovation, which may then drive the need for operational discipline to get new products and services to
market in the fastest way possible with the best possible quality. The leadership qualities needed when we are
leading the start-up or innovation phase are different than those we need when we are leading the operational or
growth phase. Innovation leadership comprises the leadership qualities needed to lead an organization through
the innovation phase. Similarly, leadership qualities required to get all hands on deck such that the products and
services can be delivered to market on time, in volume, and with quality is operational leadership. In this sense,
leadership is contextual. Note that in practice innovation and operational phases co-exist in an organization, thus
necessitating need for both innovation and operational leadership at the same time.
Innovation Phase
Operational Phase
Innovation Phase
Operational Phase
Innovation Leadership
Operational Leadership
Innovation Leadership
Operational Leadership
Stewardship
Communication
Empowerment
Creativity
Vision
National Culture
Competence
Culture
Confidence
Authenticity
Reinforcement
National Culture
Stewardship
Communication
Empowerment
Creativity
Vision
National Culture
Competence
Culture
Confidence
Authenticity
Reinforcement
National Culture
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 4
All Rights Reserved.
Your CALIBER Leadership Profile
Your Score takes responses from all
your participants and calculates the
overall score.
Your Score
Benchmark
Benchmark shows the average
score of all leaders assessed on
CALIBER.
You are an Innovation Leader.
Your profile points to particular strengths in encouraging questioning and experimenting, taking risks, building a
sense of community, and synthesizing diverse ideas in pursuit of new and useful outcomes. Regardless of your
scores, it is important to keep in mind that every leader needs constant work, because without it, even the best
leaders stray toward dysfunction.
You will need to surround yourself with team members who excel at operational leadership and complement your
own strengths. Collectively, this mix of strengths and skill set will help create the outcomes you desire throughout
your organization’s context and lifecycle.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 5
All Rights Reserved.
HR
Legal
Engineering
Operations / IT
Supply Chain
Team Leadership
No leader, however gifted, can resolve the paradox between innovation and operations alone. Team, functions, and
departments in each company need to balance innovation and operational skills. Innovation skills strengthen
questioning and experimenting, risk taking, community building, and talent synthesis in pursuit of new and useful
outcomes, while operational skills bring attention to detailed analysis, planning, process-orientation, execution at
scale, personal discipline, and quality effectiveness. While innovation and operational skills don’t have to be in
perfect balance, there is definitely a need to have both skill sets in place on the team, with proportion of this blend
depending on context and lifecycle of the organization.
The figure below illustrates your position relative to the desired skills composition in different types of teams.
Effective leaders pay special attention to team composition and include talented individuals skilled in both innovation
and operational leadership. Ask yourself:
Who has what skills on my team?
How can I bring together and combine complementary skills to innovate, scale, and create an impact?
It takes team leadership to address the organizational paradox between innovation and operations.
Innovation Leadership
Operational Leadership
0
50
100
75
25
25
50
75
100
R&D
Quality Assurance
Sales / Services
Marketing
You are here
Innovation: 63
Operation: 35
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 6
All Rights Reserved.
Your Leadership Strengths
The five qualities that comprise innovation leadership are Stewardship, Communication, Empowerment, Creativity,
and Vision. On the other hand, operational leadership is a blend of Competence, Culture, Confidence, Authenticity,
and Reinforcement.
The following figure shows how your leadership qualities stack up, based on the ratings given by your observers.
Your dominant leadership strengths are:
1. Stewardship
2. Communication
3. Empowerment
4. Creativity
5. Reinforcement
The rest of this report will help you uncover the activities you engage in frequently and intensely that compose your
current qualities. The report will also help you identify and plan the specific skills you need to hone and use to build
your overall leadership capacity.
0
100
100
Results-Orientation
(Competence)
Employee-Orientation
(Stewardship)
0
100
100
Sense of Unity
(Culture)
Creative Confrontation
(Communication)
0
100
100
Consultation &
Coaching
(Confidence)
Self-Management
(Empowerment)
0
100
100
Steadiness &
Consistency
(Authenticity)
Exploration & Renewal
(Creativity)
0
100
100
Compliance &
Rewards
(Reinforcement)
Personal Commitment
(Vision)
Innovation Leadership
Operational Leadership
68
58
70
50
63
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 7
All Rights Reserved.
Perceptions of Self and Others
Many leaders think they exercise their leadership qualities, but in reality colleagues often don’t experience them in
the same way. On average, higher-performing leaders in our research gave themselves lower ratings than the
ratings their managers, peers, and direct reports gave them. In direct contrast, lower-performing leaders rated
themselves higher than how their observers rated them. Leadership is about engaging others and creating a space
for them to produce results. In order to tell reality from fantasy, leaders need to stay tuned to how their followers
really experience them. An honest self-understanding is the beginning of leadership.
The following report illustrates how you ranked yourself in relation to how your observers ranked you on leadership
qualities.
A leader’s first challenge is to identify and correct cognitive bias, which occurs as a result of holding on to one’s
preconceived notions and preferences even in the face of contrary information. It results in misjudgments and
mistakes in reasoning, evaluation, and action.
The chart illustrates the extent to which you exhibit cognitive bias on the 10 leadership dimensions. The list is
rank-ordered as follows: 1) Stewardship, 2) Communication, 3) Empowerment, 4) Creativity, 5) Vision, 6)
Competence, 7) Culture, 8) Confidence, 9) Authenticity, and 10) Reinforcement.
One demonstrates an authentic commitment to hearing and supporting everyone’s ideas through an understanding
and correction of the gaps between self and others. Use the results of this 360-degree assessment to get a better
grasp of where the gaps are coming from and what is going on.
Developing Your Leadership
As mentioned previously, an honest self-understanding is the beginning of leadership. To this end, you should
begin by considering the gaps between your own rating and the rating providing by your manager, direct report,
and peer constituencies: a) where your self-rating is higher, consider the reasons your observers are not
experiencing you the way you would like them to, and b) where your self-rating is lower, think of the skills and
abilities that you possess and exhibit but are not consciously aware of. You might think about identifying these
qualities and leveraging them more openly.
0
20
40
60
80
100
Leadership: Perception of Self and Observers
Self Manager Direct Report Peer
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 8
All Rights Reserved.
Stewardship
Stewardship is an employee-oriented approach to leadership. Leaders who model stewardship are willing and able
to share power and control with employees. They work with an assumption of equality and lead without domination.
Employees are empowered to make decisions and given the latitude to self-manage their work.
In our research, the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 85
th
percentile on innovation scored 32% higher on
stewardship than the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 15
th
percentile. Stewardship is the primary quality
that differentiates the leader’s ability to lead innovation in an organization.
The following illustrates how you ranked yourself in relation to how your observers ranked you on stewardship.
Developing Your Stewardship
Based on your scores on stewardship, we suggest that you take the following steps:
1. Assess your stewardship skills. Get a more refined and specific sense of your stewardship strengths and
weaknesses. To get a better sense for where to focus, you should consider the gaps between your own rating
and the rating provided by your manager, direct report, and peer constituencies.
2. Review your priorities. Consider how much you spend your time at work on operational versus innovation
tasks. Depending on your organization’s life cycle stage, devote more time to activities that highlight your
stewardship skills to improve your ability as an innovation leader.
3. Practice your stewardship skills. Reflect on the time and energy you spend on the following skills and
conscientiously practice them. The heat map below shows your current effectiveness level.
53 Making people at all levels feel important
62 Instilling a feeling of belonging and togetherness in the team
75 Demonstrating a deep desire to serve others
52 Matching employee reward to actual performance
48 Encouraging people to pursue ideas they really care about
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 9
All Rights Reserved.
Communication
Developing Your Communication
Based on your scores on communication, we suggest that you take the following steps:
1. Assess your communication skills. Get a more refined and specific sense of your communication strengths
and weaknesses. To get a better sense for where to focus, you should consider the gaps between your own
rating and the rating provided by your manager, direct report, and peer constituencies.
2. Review your priorities. Consider how much you spend your time at work on operational versus innovation
tasks. Depending on your organization’s life cycle stage, devote more time to activities that highlight your
communication skills to improve your ability as an innovation leader.
3. Practice your communication skills. Reflect on the time and energy you spend on the following skills and
conscientiously practice them. The heat map below shows your current effectiveness level.
36 Paying attention to others' words, reactions, and feelings
38 Articulating complex ideas in simple and effective terms
28 Actively soliciting and using feedback and ideas
73 Facilitating a free flow of information across the team
98 Clarifying mutual intentions and expectations with true concern for others
The process of innovation begins with an exchange and synthesis of human ideas. While human tendency is to
keep thoughts private, communication leaders build an expectation for openness and create a dependable social
environment in which people feel safe enough and motivated enough to share their ideas. The diversity of opinions
and ideas creates contradictions, confrontation, and stress. Leaders manage this paradox by modeling openness,
creating an environment for free exchanges, and producing win-win resolutions without alienating people.
In our research, the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 85
th
percentile on innovation scored 28% higher on
communication than the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 15
th
percentile.
The following illustrates how you ranked yourself in relation to how your observers ranked you on communication.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 10
All Rights Reserved.
Empowerment
Developing Your Empowerment
Based on your scores on empowerment, we suggest that you take the following steps:
1. Assess your empowerment skills. Get a more refined and specific sense of your empowerment strengths
and weaknesses. To get a better sense for where to focus, you should consider the gaps between your own
rating and the rating provided by your manager, direct report, and peer constituencies.
2. Review your priorities. Consider how much you spend your time at work on operational versus innovation
tasks. Depending on your organization’s life cycle stage, devote more time to activities that highlight your
empowerment skills to improve your ability as an innovation leader.
3. Practice your empowerment skills. Reflect on the time and energy you spend on the following skills and
conscientiously practice them. The heat map below shows your current effectiveness level.
62 Sharing decision making with team members
50 Persuading team members to take on more responsibility as their capacity grows
82 Creating opportunities for team members to act on their specific strengths
70 Motivating in-team and cross-team collaboration
62 Knowing when to debate and when to make a decision
Empowerment is a state of team development in which members are able to handle their tasks and relationships.
In this state, the leadership approach is low task and low relationship. Unless there is a breakdown, the leader’s
role is to assign followers the kind of tasks that reinforce successively positive experiences, build self-efficacy, and
increase self-confidence. An empowerment leader shares leadership responsibility with members of the team and
provides them with consistent feedback and encouragement.
In our research, the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 85
th
percentile on innovation scored 26% higher on
empowerment than the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 15
th
percentile. The following illustrates how you
ranked yourself in relation to how your observers ranked you on empowerment.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 11
All Rights Reserved.
Creativity
Developing Your Creative Leadership
Based on your scores on creativity, we suggest that you take the following steps:
1. Assess your creativity skills. Get a more refined and specific sense of your creative strengths and
weaknesses. To get a better sense for where to focus, you should consider the gaps between your own rating
and the rating provided by your manager, direct report, and peer constituencies.
2. Review your priorities. Consider how much you spend your time at work on operational versus innovation
tasks. Depending on your organization’s life cycle stage, devote more time to activities that highlight your
creativity skills to improve your ability as an innovation leader.
3. Practice your creativity skills. Reflect on the time and energy you spend on the following skills and
conscientiously practice them. The heat map below shows your current effectiveness level.
7 Creating a climate in which anyone can disagree with anyone
64 Persistently asking, What If…? Why…? How…?
36 Rejuvenating the team spirit when failures occur
97 Synthesizing the diverse ideas that arise from team members
38 Tapping into the life experiences of team members to tackle complex problems
Companies that thrive into the next century will be those who can leverage the creativity of their people. Creativity
is the key to finding innovative solutions to the challenges the organization and customers care about. For people
to express their ideas, a climate of entrepreneurship, openness, and experimentation is needed. Creativity leaders
have a mindset for building such a social climate of exploration and renewal. Under the right conditions, employees
can collaborate to identify problems and gaps in the market, come up with problem-solving ideas, and test solutions
to create change. One of the most significant aspects of creativity leadership is to rejuvenate the team when faced
with occasional failures, which are inevitable when exploring new horizons and testing new grounds.
In our research, the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 85
th
percentile on innovation scored 26% higher on
creativity than the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 15
th
percentile.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 12
All Rights Reserved.
Vision
Developing Your Visionary Leadership
Based on your scores on vision, we suggest that you take the following steps:
1. Assess your visionary skills. Get a more refined and specific sense of your visionary strengths and
weaknesses. To get a better sense for where to focus, you should consider the gaps between your own rating
and the rating provided by your manager, direct report, and peer constituencies.
2. Review your priorities. Consider how much you spend your time at work on operational versus innovation
tasks. Depending on your organization’s life cycle stage, devote more time to activities that highlight your
visionary skills to improve your ability as an innovation leader.
3. Practice your visionary skills. Reflect on the time and energy you spend on the following skills and
conscientiously practice them. The heat map below shows your current effectiveness level.
61 Compelling new ways of thinking and doing in the team
39 Working with team members to answer the question, "What do we want to build?"
62 Keeping the big picture in mind despite short-term distractions
64 Seeing the interconnectedness across the team, broader organization, and external environment
16 Articulating a vision that binds team members together by a common purpose
Visionary leadership is not only about articulating a vision of the future that is better than the present, but also about
making team members feel responsible for bringing the vision to life. Such a commitment comes from choice when
employees feel that the team’s vision also encompasses their own personal vision. The role of a visionary leader is
set a vision that is right for everyone in the organization. When organizational vision is consistent with the values of
each of its members, it inspires enthusiasm, personal commitment, and collaboration in the team.
In our research, the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 85
th
percentile on innovation scored 21% higher on
vision than the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 15
th
percentile. The following illustrates how you ranked
yourself in relation to how your observers ranked you on vision.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 13
All Rights Reserved.
Competence
Developing Your Competence Leadership
Based on your scores on competence, we suggest that you take the following steps:
1. Assess your competence skills. Get a more refined and specific sense of your competence strengths and
weaknesses. To get a better sense for where to focus, you should consider the gaps between your own rating
and the rating provided by your manager, direct report, and peer constituencies.
2. Review your priorities. Consider how much you spend your time at work on operational versus innovation
tasks. Depending on your organization’s life cycle stage, devote more time to activities that highlight your
competence skills to improve your ability as an operations leader.
3. Practice your competence skills. Reflect on the time and energy you spend on the following skills and
conscientiously practice them. The heat map below shows your current effectiveness level.
73 Setting high standards for the team and always pressing for better solutions
14 Aligning work with focus on the new and what is emerging
75 Hiring the right people and putting them in the right roles
38 Confronting problems and removing roadblocks that get in the way of the team
36 Continuously developing expertise by committing to learning
Competence is about developing and leveraging skills to produce the results that are consistent with the intended
purpose. Competent leaders realize the results they desire by continually clarifying their sense of mission and
focusing their energies into what they want from their lives and careers. One of their principal responsibilities is to
get the right people in the right jobs and provide them with the resources needed to do their jobs. Competence is
also about being disciplined and rigorous in decisions related to people, processes, and productsas well as the
ability to act when any of these need to change.
In our research, the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 85
th
percentile on innovation scored 15% higher on
competence than the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 15
th
percentile.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 14
All Rights Reserved.
Culture
Developing Your Cultural Leadership
Based on your scores on culture, we suggest that you take the following steps:
1. Assess your cultural skills. Get a more refined and specific sense of your cultural strengths and weaknesses.
To get a better sense for where to focus, you should consider the gaps between your own rating and the rating
provided by your manager, direct report, and peer constituencies.
2. Review your priorities. Consider how much you spend your time at work on operational versus innovation
tasks. Depending on your organization’s life cycle stage, devote more time to activities that highlight your
cultural skills to improve your ability as an operations leader.
3. Practice your cultural skills. Reflect on the time and energy you spend on the following skills and
conscientiously practice them. The heat map below shows your current effectiveness level.
27 Internalizing what worked and what did not work after each project
73 Creating a climate in which people are not afraid to fail in pursuit of new ideas
27 Giving team members the influence to shape the team's outcomes
25 Working with team members to create, symbolize, and perserve the team's identity
25 Helping diverse people find common ground
Unity develops in an organization that welcomes and values employees and listens to them. Building a culture with
a strong sense of community and belonging rests on the shoulders of leaders. An inclusive culture is the basis not
only for implanting trust and loyalty in the organization, but also expanding knowledge flows, building networks, and
working collaboratively. Cultural leaders demonstrate the ability and willingness to create a climate in which others
can focus on putting in their best work without fear of failure in the pursuit of new ideas or the need to feel defensive
when things go wrong. Through team learning, employees cope with uncertainty, find calm in chaos, and get power
to go from one challenge to the next. In our research, the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 85
th
percentile
on innovation scored 13% higher on culture than the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 15
th
percentile.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 15
All Rights Reserved.
Confidence
Developing Your Confidence Leadership
Based on your scores on confidence, we suggest that you take the following steps:
1. Assess your confidence skills. Get a more refined and specific sense of your strengths and weaknesses on
confidence. To get a better sense for where to focus, you should consider the gaps between your own rating
and the rating provided by your manager, direct report, and peer constituencies.
2. Review your priorities. Consider how much you spend your time at work on operational versus innovation
tasks. Depending on your organization’s life cycle stage, devote more time to activities that highlight your
confidence skills to improve your ability as an operations leader.
3. Practice your confidence skills. Reflect on the time and energy you spend on the following skills and
conscientiously practice them. The heat map below shows your current effectiveness level.
59 Being deeply concerned about the prospect of letting the team down
84 Following a course of action you believes in, regardless of opposition
38 Giving coaching feedback through a supportive relationship
16 Seeking to continually clarify the understanding of what you care about most
52 Maturely dealing with conflicts that arise among people
Confidence is a sense of self-assurance arising from one’s sense of one’s own ambitions, morals, strengths, and
weaknesses; however, this self-assurance is first and foremost for the benefit of the team. Confidence is also the
ability to create a similar self-believe in others by giving them motivational feedback, coaching, and consulting. All
leaders need effective co-leaders and followers to maintain and improve their team’s performance. Therefore,
developing supportive relationships, giving praise and recognition, role modeling the courage to follow a course of
action in the face of strong opposition, training, dealing with conflicts among people, and giving and receiving
honest feedback are part of a confident leader’s responsibility. In our research, the leaders whose organizations
ranked in the 85
th
percentile on innovation scored 19% higher on confidence than the leaders whose organizations
ranked in the 15
th
percentile.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 16
All Rights Reserved.
Authenticity
Developing Your Authenticity Leadership
Based on your scores on authenticity, we suggest that you take the following steps:
1. Assess your authenticity skills. Get a more refined and specific sense of your strengths and weaknesses on
authenticity. To get a better sense for where to focus, you should consider the gaps between your own rating
and the rating provided by your manager, direct report, and peer constituencies.
2. Review your priorities. Consider how much you spend your time at work on operational versus innovation
tasks. Depending on your organization’s life cycle stage, devote more time to activities that highlight your
authenticity skills to improve your ability as an operations leader.
3. Practice your authenticity skills. Reflect on the time and energy you spend on the following skills and
conscientiously practice them. The heat map below shows your current effectiveness level.
59 Willingly making personal sacrifices for the good of the team
84 Being acutely aware of your own biases
38 Being trusted to speak and act honestly
16 Making everyone feel like an equal partner
52 Being experienced by others the way you truly are
Authenticity is the extent to which one is steady and consistent in the pursuit of one’s core values. It underpins how
one acts on day-to-day, while pursuing the team’s vision. Authentic leaders constantly keep a mirror turned inward
in order to keep their biases, stereotypes, and patterns of decision making in check. The proof of a leader’s words
is in the actions that follow. Authentic leaders strive for a congruence between words and deeds. Their credibility
rests on their actions along the path of achieving integrity, openness, quality, merit, and freedom. Authentic leaders
have a deep concern for both production and people, and they use good humor as part of their behavioral approach
to work. In our research, the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 85
th
percentile on innovation scored 17%
higher on authenticity than the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 15
th
percentile.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 17
All Rights Reserved.
Reinforcement
Developing Your Reinforcement Leadership
Based on your scores on reinforcement, we suggest that you take the following steps:
1. Assess your reinforcement skills. Get a more refined and specific sense of your strengths and weaknesses
on reinforcement. To get a better sense for where to focus, you should consider the gaps between your own
rating and the rating provided by your manager, direct report, and peer constituencies.
2. Review your priorities. Consider how much you spend your time at work on operational versus innovation
tasks. Depending on your organization’s life cycle stage, devote more time to activities that highlight your
reinforcement skills to improve your ability as an operations leader.
3. Practice your reinforcement skills. Reflect on the time and energy you spend on the following skills and
conscientiously practice them. The heat map below shows your current effectiveness level.
75 Openly admitting your mistakes and weaknesses
50 Understanding the rewards team members truly value
73 Believing in the talent of each team member
27 Expecting results and holding team members accountable
27 Always sharing credit for success with the team
Leadership is a platform for reinforcement. Leaders use positive reinforcement to motivate desired behavior. The
instruments of reinforcement may include extrinsic and intrinsic rewards. Reinforcement leaders develop a sense
for the kind of rewards their employees really want and desire, and then by setting clear mutual expectations they
guide productive behaviors. Rewards are only a part of the reinforcement strategy. When performance does not
ultimately improve, leader may use disciplinary action. To remain effective, however, reinforcement leaders have to
demonstrate that they are fair and just in all their dealings. Reinforcement allows leaders to keep the right people in
the right seats and combine individual outputs to build a large impact for the organization. In our research, the
leaders whose organizations ranked in the 85
th
percentile on innovation scored 20% higher on reinforcement than
the leaders whose organizations ranked in the 15
th
percentile.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 18
All Rights Reserved.
Learned Characteristics
A part of who we are is shaped by the software of our minds, programmed by the social environment of the nation
in which we were born and brought up. National culture predisposes us to certain ways of thinking, judging, and
doing. The more aligned we are to our natural predilections, the more authentic we feel and the more sustainable
our performance. National culture is measured on five dimensions given by Hofstede (2001).
Your dominant profile:
1. Large Power Distance: You lean strongly toward large power distance, with preference for self-realization,
benevolence, independence, consistency, and conformity as compared to service, equality, fairness, freedom,
and interdependence.
2. Low Uncertainty Avoidance: You lean strongly toward low uncertainty avoidance, with preference for
building relationships, being modest, believing you have the ability to change outcomes, regarding “different” as
exciting rather than perilous, and having an optimistic view about people’s motives.
3. Individualism: You lean strongly toward individualism with preference for “me-orientation, working
objectively, thinking and acting individually rather than collectively, focusing on How and What?, and working to
adapt and have an influence.
4. Masculinity: You lean strongly toward masculinity, with preference for competing, working hard, competing,
growing, and asserting your viewpoints.
5. Long-Term Orientation: You lean strongly toward long-term orientation, with preference for persevering even
in the face of opposition and hard work, delaying gratification, building a shared vision, synthesizing diverse
ideas, and seeing the interconnectedness in the world and among people.
0
100
100
Smallest
Power Distance
Largest
Power Distance
0
100
100
Lowest
Uncertainty
Avoidance
Highest
Uncertainty
Avoidance
0
100
100
Highest
Collectivism
Highest
Individualism
0
100
100
Strongest
Femininity
Strongest
Masculinity
0
100
100
Highest Short-
Term Orientation
Highest Long-
Term Orientation
73
97
84
98
84
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 19
All Rights Reserved.
USING FEEDBACK FOR PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT
Review the heat map below to get a specific sense of your strengths and areas of growth. Consider how much you
spend your time and effort on the behaviors and characteristics. Conscientiously leverage the qualities you excel in,
and devote more time to developing your areas of growth. Surround yourself with people who complement you.
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 20
All Rights Reserved.
HR
Legal
Engineering
Operations / IT
Supply Chain
Using the Feedback for Team Development
No leader, however gifted, can resolve the paradox between innovation and operations alone. Team, functions, and
departments in each company need to balance innovation and operational skills. Innovation skills strengthen
questioning and experimenting, risk taking, community building, and talent synthesis in pursuit of new and useful
outcomes, while operational skills bring attention to detailed analysis, planning, process-orientation, execution at
scale, personal discipline, and quality effectiveness. It takes team leadership to address the leadership paradox.
While innovation and operational skills don’t have to be in perfect balance, there is definitely a need to have both
skill sets in place on the team, with proportion of this blend depending on context and lifecycle of the organization.
Effective leaders pay special attention to team composition and include talented individuals skilled in both innovation
and operational leadership. Ask yourself: Who has what skills on my team? How can I bring together and combine
complementary skills to innovate, scale, and create an impact?
You might consider assessing the unique gifts and talents your team members bring to the table.
Innovation Leadership
Operational Leadership
0
50
100
75
25
25
50
75
100
R&D
Quality Assurance
Sales / Services
Marketing
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 21
All Rights Reserved.
We encourage you to use the 10 qualities assessed in this report as a map and protocol for everyday practice. To
this end, we can specifically assist you leverage the CALIBER inventory results with our coaching and consulting
solutions by:
Helping you understand your and your team members’ unique strengths.
Helping you leverage and grow through your strengths to navigate the organizational context.
Helping you create high-performing teams consisting of both innovation and operational leaders.
Helping you translate team performance into organizational performance and business results.
In this regard, Victor Frankl’s words on human potential are worth remembering: “Man is ultimately self-determining.
What he becomes he has made out of himself.” In a world far from being fully understood, striving should be every
leader’s responsibility and joy.
We would welcome questions, comments, or feedback. Please send them our way at info@magnaleadership.com.
Closing
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 22
All Rights Reserved.
Charles Handy: Beyond Certainty.
Clay Christensen et al.: The Innovator’s Dilemma and The Innovator’s DNA.
Ed Catmull: Creativity, Inc.
Erik Brynjolfsson & Andrew McAfee: The Second Machine Age.
Everett Rogers: Diffusion of Innovations.
Geert Hofstede et al.: Culture’s Consequences and Cultures and Organizations.
Harry Triandis: Individualism and Collectivism and Culture and Social Behavior.
Jeffrey Liker: The Toyota Way.
Jeffrey Pfeffer: Leadership BS.
Jim Collins: Good to Great.
John Kotter: Leading Change.
Kevin Gazzara & Murtuza Ali Lakhani: The Leader of OZ.
Linda Hill et al.: Collective Genius and Being the Boss.
Malcolm Gladwell: Outliers.
Marcus Buckingham: StandOut 2.0.
Marshall Sashkin & Molly Sashkin: Leadership that Matters.
Michael Porter: On Strategy.
Murtuza Ali Lakhani & Michelle Marquard: Mastering the Innovation Paradox.
Nassim Taleb: Antifragile.
Nicholas Wade: A Troublesome Inheritance.
Peter Senge: The Fifth Discipline.
Robert Lussier & Christoper Achua: Leadership.
Thomas Pyzdek: The Six Sigma Handbook.
Tom Kelley: The Art of Innovation.
Tom Kelley & David Kelley: Creative Confidence.
Vineet Nayar: Employees First, Customers Second.
Further Reading
Copyright © 2016 M.A. Lakhani & M.J. Marquard 23
All Rights Reserved.