The Data: Dr. Arbuthnot’s Baptism Records
source("http://www.openintro.org/stat/data/arbuthnot.R")
arbuthnot
## year boys girls
## 1 1629 5218 4683
## 2 1630 4858 4457
## 3 1631 4422 4102
## 4 1632 4994 4590
## 5 1633 5158 4839
## 6 1634 5035 4820
## 7 1635 5106 4928
## 8 1636 4917 4605
## 9 1637 4703 4457
## 10 1638 5359 4952
## 11 1639 5366 4784
## 12 1640 5518 5332
## 13 1641 5470 5200
## 14 1642 5460 4910
## 15 1643 4793 4617
## 16 1644 4107 3997
## 17 1645 4047 3919
## 18 1646 3768 3395
## 19 1647 3796 3536
## 20 1648 3363 3181
## 21 1649 3079 2746
## 22 1650 2890 2722
## 23 1651 3231 2840
## 24 1652 3220 2908
## 25 1653 3196 2959
## 26 1654 3441 3179
## 27 1655 3655 3349
## 28 1656 3668 3382
## 29 1657 3396 3289
## 30 1658 3157 3013
## 31 1659 3209 2781
## 32 1660 3724 3247
## 33 1661 4748 4107
## 34 1662 5216 4803
## 35 1663 5411 4881
## 36 1664 6041 5681
## 37 1665 5114 4858
## 38 1666 4678 4319
## 39 1667 5616 5322
## 40 1668 6073 5560
## 41 1669 6506 5829
## 42 1670 6278 5719
## 43 1671 6449 6061
## 44 1672 6443 6120
## 45 1673 6073 5822
## 46 1674 6113 5738
## 47 1675 6058 5717
## 48 1676 6552 5847
## 49 1677 6423 6203
## 50 1678 6568 6033
## 51 1679 6247 6041
## 52 1680 6548 6299
## 53 1681 6822 6533
## 54 1682 6909 6744
## 55 1683 7577 7158
## 56 1684 7575 7127
## 57 1685 7484 7246
## 58 1686 7575 7119
## 59 1687 7737 7214
## 60 1688 7487 7101
## 61 1689 7604 7167
## 62 1690 7909 7302
## 63 1691 7662 7392
## 64 1692 7602 7316
## 65 1693 7676 7483
## 66 1694 6985 6647
## 67 1695 7263 6713
## 68 1696 7632 7229
## 69 1697 8062 7767
## 70 1698 8426 7626
## 71 1699 7911 7452
## 72 1700 7578 7061
## 73 1701 8102 7514
## 74 1702 8031 7656
## 75 1703 7765 7683
## 76 1704 6113 5738
## 77 1705 8366 7779
## 78 1706 7952 7417
## 79 1707 8379 7687
## 80 1708 8239 7623
## 81 1709 7840 7380
## 82 1710 7640 7288
dim(arbuthnot)
## [1] 82 3
names(arbuthnot)
## [1] "year" "boys" "girls"
#What command would you use to extract just the counts of girls baptized?
# counts of girls baptized by year
arbuthnot$girls
## [1] 4683 4457 4102 4590 4839 4820 4928 4605 4457 4952 4784 5332 5200 4910
## [15] 4617 3997 3919 3395 3536 3181 2746 2722 2840 2908 2959 3179 3349 3382
## [29] 3289 3013 2781 3247 4107 4803 4881 5681 4858 4319 5322 5560 5829 5719
## [43] 6061 6120 5822 5738 5717 5847 6203 6033 6041 6299 6533 6744 7158 7127
## [57] 7246 7119 7214 7101 7167 7302 7392 7316 7483 6647 6713 7229 7767 7626
## [71] 7452 7061 7514 7656 7683 5738 7779 7417 7687 7623 7380 7288
# total counts of girls baptized
sum(arbuthnot$girls)
## [1] 453841
plot(x = arbuthnot$year, y = arbuthnot$girls)
plot(x = arbuthnot$year, y = arbuthnot$girls, type = "l")
#Is there an apparent trend in the number of girls baptized over the years?
#How would you describe it?
#Yes. Girls baptized has increased from period 1660 to 1700.
# Now, make a plot of the proportion of boys over time. What do you see?
tot <- arbuthnot$boys + arbuthnot$girls
bp <- arbuthnot$boys / tot
gp <- arbuthnot$girls / tot
plot(x = arbuthnot$year, y = bp, col="blue" , type = "l",
xlab="Year", ylab="Proportion", main="Proportion of Boys over time" )
abline(lm(bp ~ arbuthnot$year))
plot(x = arbuthnot$year, y = gp, col="red" , type = "l",
xlab="Year", ylab="Proportion", main="Proportion of Girls over time")
abline(lm(gp ~ arbuthnot$year))
Proportion of Boys decreases over a period of time where as Proportion of girls increases over period of time.