Analysis of 1000 top universities
Aveek Mukherjee
1/17/2017
The data
For this work we will be analysing the 2015 World university Ranking data which is freely available here here. The Center for World University Rankings, is a listing that comes from Saudi Arabia, it was founded in 2012. The data can be downloaded upon registration here as CSV.
Let’s load the data and the libraries that we will use.
library(plyr)
library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)
library(psych)
top1000uni = read.csv('data/top1000uni2015.csv')Data description
- world_rank - world rank for university.
- university_name - name of university.
- country - country of each university.
- national_rank - rank of university within its country.
- quality_of_education - rank for quality of education.
- alumni_employment - rank for alumni employment.
- quality_of_faculty - rank for quality of faculty.
- publications - rank for publications.
- influence - rank for influence.
- citations - rank for citations.
- broad_impact - rank for broad impact
- patents - rank for patents.
- score - total score, used for determining world rank.
- year - year of ranking (2015).
The Hypothesis
We would like to understand how the different factors (quality of education, quality of faculty, publications, influence, etc) affect the overall score and the final rank. Therefore we will first treat score as the dependent variable and the other factors are the independent variable for the experiement. We weill also find the most important factors for the final Rank. More specifically we will try to answer:
- What are the factors that affect score mostly?
- How is rank related to the factors?
- Given the fact that US Universities are in top 3 best in world rankings, is US in overall a good country to study in? If not what are the top 5 countries?
Correlations between the factors
Let’s first start by finding out what factors have high correlations.
pairs.panels(top1000uni[c(2,6:14)])
Observations
- We see that quality of faculty rank has the highest correlation with score followed by quality of education rank (<= -0.60).
- We see a very high correlation (> 0.80) between publication and broad impact , influence and broad impact , citation and broad impact , publications and influence , influence and citations
So we will study score as a factor of quality of education and quality of faculty.
Analysis of scores
Let’s see the distribution of score.
x <- top1000uni$score
h<-hist(x, breaks=10, col="red", xlab="Score",
main="Histogram of Score")
summary(x)## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 44.02 44.30 44.78 46.86 46.54 100.00Now let’s see score vs rank
ggplot(top1000uni, aes(x=world_rank, y =score, color=top1000uni$score))+geom_point(size=5)+geom_smooth()
Let’s plot 1st to 3rd quartile of scores only
top1000uniSub = top1000uni %>% filter(score >= 44.30) %>% filter(score <= 46.54)
ggplot(top1000uniSub, aes(x=world_rank, y =score, color=top1000uniSub$score))+geom_point(size=5)+geom_smooth()
We see that successive ranks differ by very minute score changes.
Score vs :
quality_of_faculty
Let’s just see the distribution of Quality of faculty in details
x <- top1000uni$quality_of_faculty
h<-hist(x, breaks=10, col="red", xlab="Quality of faculty",
main="Histogram of Quality of faculty")
summary(top1000uni$quality_of_faculty)## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 1.0 218.0 218.0 194.3 218.0 218.0It seems that out of 1000 universities around 800 have a quality of education of 218. Let’s see the distibution of score of these universities vs the quality of faculty.
ggplot(top1000uni , aes(x=quality_of_faculty, y=score, color=(top1000uni$quality_of_faculty)))+geom_point(size=5)+ggtitle("Correlation between Score and Quality of faculty") +geom_smooth()
We see that if the quality of faculty rank is very low (<25) we have a linear relationship with the score. Between 25 and 50 the slope decreases and after 50 it decrease even further.
Let’s try to analyse the distribution of scores when quality_of_faculty = 218 as the 1st quartile = 3rd quartile= mean = 218.
top1000uniSubset <- top1000uni %>% filter(quality_of_faculty == 218)
ggplot(top1000uniSubset , aes(x=quality_of_faculty, y=score, color=(top1000uniSubset$quality_of_faculty)))+geom_point(size=5)+ggtitle("Correlation between Score and Quality of faculty") +geom_smooth()
We see a huge variation of scores here. So probably we cannot counclude anything for these values from just observing the Quality of faculty
Discussion
We see that for 75% of values for Quality of faculty we do not have a direct impact on the score. So we must explore another factor.
Broad impact
Let’s just see the distribution of Broad impact in details
x <- top1000uni$broad_impact
h<-hist(x, breaks=10, col="red", xlab="Broad impact",
main="Histogram of Broad impact")
summary(top1000uni$broad_impact)## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 1.0 250.0 495.0 496.7 741.0 1000.0It seems broad impact is evenly distributed among all the 1000 universities. We have Mean is approximately equal to median. Lets Plot it vs Score.
ggplot(top1000uni , aes(x=broad_impact, y=score, color=(top1000uni$broad_impact)))+geom_point(size=5)+ggtitle("Correlation between Score and Quality of faculty") +geom_smooth()
Let’s zoom in on values less than 1st quartile.
top1000uniSubset <- top1000uni %>% filter(broad_impact < 250)
ggplot(top1000uniSubset , aes(x=broad_impact, y=score, color=(top1000uniSubset$broad_impact)))+geom_point(size=5)+ggtitle("Correlation between Score and Quality of faculty") +geom_smooth()
We see that for broad_impact ranks from 0 to 50 we have a linear correlation with score and the slope is pretty steep. Beyond 50 the slope decreases but we still have a correlation. Let’s plot 1st to 3rd quartile.
top1000uniSubset <- top1000uni %>% filter(broad_impact > 250) %>% filter(broad_impact < 750)
ggplot(top1000uniSubset , aes(x=broad_impact, y=score, color=(top1000uniSubset$broad_impact)))+geom_point(size=5)+ggtitle("Correlation between Score and Quality of faculty") +geom_smooth()
We see correlation still but the slope is even smaller. Let’s see beyond 3rd quartile.
top1000uniSubset <- top1000uni %>% filter(broad_impact > 740)
ggplot(top1000uniSubset , aes(x=broad_impact, y=score, color=(top1000uniSubset$broad_impact)))+geom_point(size=5)+ggtitle("Correlation between Score and Quality of faculty") +geom_smooth()
So if the broad_impact rank > 741, probably it does not impact the overall score so much.
Discussion
We see that for 75% of values of Broad impact till the 3rd quartile we have a correlation with final score. For the last 25% we do not observe much correlation.
Publications and Influence
Publications and Influence are very highly correlated to Broad impact. So the effect should be similar on score. Let’s just run summary on each and see the values.
summary(top1000uni$publications)## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 1.0 250.8 500.5 500.4 750.0 1000.0summary(top1000uni$influence)## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 1.0 250.8 500.5 500.3 750.2 991.0And summary confirms it, so we will skip them.
Patents
Let’s just see the distribution of Patents in details.
x <- top1000uni$patents
h<-hist(x, breaks=10, col="red", xlab="Patents",
main="Histogram of Patents")
summary(top1000uni$patents)## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max.
## 1.0 250.8 500.5 491.7 749.0 871.0This data is again well distributed mostly with a skewness above 800. Let’s try to plot it vs score.
ggplot(top1000uni , aes(x=patents, y=score, color=(top1000uni$patents)))+geom_point(size=5)+ggtitle("Correlation between Score and Patents") +geom_smooth()
Discussion
We see that till rank 100 of patents we have a linear correlation with score but beyon that probably there is not much effect. So for 75% of data lying between 250 and 871 we don’t see much correlation between score and patents.
Factors that influenced score the most
Therefore, the factors that influenced score the most are: broad_impact, publications and influence.
How can we select top 5 countries?
We will now try to find out the top 5 countries based on their overall score. Lets try to find out the mean and median of the countries score’s
uni=ddply(top1000uni, .(country), summarize, median=median(score), mean=mean(score))Mean score plot
Let’s see the countries sorted by their mean score:
unitop = uni %>%
arrange(desc(mean))
print(head(unitop,5))## country median mean
## 1 Singapore 51.365 51.36500
## 2 Israel 49.120 51.18714
## 3 Switzerland 48.480 50.39667
## 4 USA 45.950 50.11022
## 5 Netherlands 49.300 48.23846Now let’s plot the total dataset to see the actual data distribution.
ggplot(top1000uni, aes(x=as.character(country) , y=score)) + geom_point()+stat_summary(fun.y = "mean", colour = "red", size = 2, geom = "point")+theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 0.5))+scale_y_log10()
We see that the data is pretty skewed for almost all countries so it is a better idea to not use mean as the measure to select the top 5 countries.
alpha<-0.05
top1000uni.summary <- data.frame(
country <- levels(top1000uni$country),
mean <- tapply(top1000uni$score, top1000uni$country, mean),
n <- tapply(top1000uni$score, top1000uni$country, length),
sd <- tapply(top1000uni$score, top1000uni$country, sd)
)
#Remove NA
top1000uni.summary <- na.omit(top1000uni.summary)
# Precalculate standard error of the mean (SEM)
top1000uni.summary$sem <- top1000uni.summary$sd/sqrt(top1000uni.summary$n)
# Precalculate margin of error for confidence interval
top1000uni.summary$me <- qt(1-alpha/2, df=top1000uni.summary$n)*top1000uni.summary$semScore Boxplot
Let’s see the countries sorted by their median score:
unitop = uni %>%
arrange(desc(median))
print(head(unitop,5))## country median mean
## 1 Singapore 51.365 51.36500
## 2 Netherlands 49.300 48.23846
## 3 Israel 49.120 51.18714
## 4 Switzerland 48.480 50.39667
## 5 Denmark 48.060 48.05400Let’s try to plot boxplots for score of each country. This way we can find out where each country stands against the others based on the median.
ggplot(top1000uni, aes(x=as.character(country) , y=score)) + geom_boxplot()+theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 0.5))+scale_y_log10() 
We see that USA has lots of colleges very high up in the rank but the boxplot is way below or in other words the best colleges in USA are the outliers for the country. This explains why when ranked using the mean the country was ranked high up but when we use Median to rank it falls below.
Summary of the factors per country
Let’s try to run R summary on the data set countrywise and see what comes up.
countries = unique(top1000uni$country)
for (c in countries){
print(c)
print(summary(top1000uni %>% filter(country == c)))
}## [1] "USA"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. : 1.0 Min. : 1.0 Albany Medical College : 1
## 1st Qu.:106.0 1st Qu.:106.0 Arizona State University : 1
## Median :300.0 Median :300.0 Auburn University : 1
## Mean :355.4 Mean :355.4 Baylor College of Medicine: 1
## 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 Baylor University : 1
## Max. :936.0 Max. :936.0 Binghamton University : 1
## (Other) :223
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## USA :229 Min. : 1 Min. : 1.0 Min. : 1.0
## Argentina: 0 1st Qu.: 58 1st Qu.:159.0 1st Qu.:114.0
## Australia: 0 Median :115 Median :341.0 Median :310.0
## Austria : 0 Mean :115 Mean :261.3 Mean :319.5
## Belgium : 0 3rd Qu.:172 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Brazil : 0 Max. :229 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) : 0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. : 1.0 Min. : 1.0 Min. : 1.0 Min. : 1.0
## 1st Qu.:116.0 1st Qu.:141.0 1st Qu.:106.0 1st Qu.: 93.0
## Median :218.0 Median :372.0 Median :311.0 Median :287.0
## Mean :170.2 Mean :415.1 Mean :341.4 Mean :320.8
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:672.0 3rd Qu.:542.0 3rd Qu.:511.0
## Max. :218.0 Max. :988.0 Max. :974.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. : 1.0 Min. : 1.0 Min. : 44.09 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:106.0 1st Qu.:121.0 1st Qu.: 44.59 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :324.0 Median :326.0 Median : 45.95 Median :2015
## Mean :351.8 Mean :367.4 Mean : 50.11 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:565.0 3rd Qu.:598.0 3rd Qu.: 50.26 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :946.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :100.00 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "United Kingdom"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. : 4.0 Min. : 4.0 Aberystwyth University : 1
## 1st Qu.:209.0 1st Qu.:209.0 Aston University : 1
## Median :343.0 Median :343.0 Bangor University : 1
## Mean :425.1 Mean :425.1 Birkbeck, University of London: 1
## 3rd Qu.:674.0 3rd Qu.:674.0 Brunel University : 1
## Max. :938.0 Max. :938.0 Cardiff University : 1
## (Other) :59
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## United Kingdom:65 Min. : 1 Min. : 2.0 Min. : 10.0
## Argentina : 0 1st Qu.:17 1st Qu.:151.0 1st Qu.:196.0
## Australia : 0 Median :33 Median :329.0 Median :358.0
## Austria : 0 Mean :33 Mean :262.8 Mean :352.5
## Belgium : 0 3rd Qu.:49 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Brazil : 0 Max. :65 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) : 0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. : 5.0 Min. : 7.0 Min. : 6.0 Min. : 7.0
## 1st Qu.:179.0 1st Qu.: 192.0 1st Qu.:172.0 1st Qu.:146.0
## Median :218.0 Median : 389.0 Median :340.0 Median :287.0
## Mean :182.6 Mean : 440.4 Mean :387.3 Mean :350.9
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.: 694.0 3rd Qu.:568.0 3rd Qu.:511.0
## Max. :218.0 Max. :1000.0 Max. :927.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. : 9.0 Min. : 15.0 Min. :44.09 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:164.0 1st Qu.:265.0 1st Qu.:44.40 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :361.0 Median :460.0 Median :45.53 Median :2015
## Mean :410.8 Mean :478.6 Mean :48.00 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:637.0 3rd Qu.:673.0 3rd Qu.:47.25 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :906.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :96.81 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Japan"
## X world_rank
## Min. : 13.0 Min. : 13.0
## 1st Qu.:465.8 1st Qu.:465.8
## Median :623.0 Median :623.0
## Mean :579.6 Mean :579.6
## 3rd Qu.:774.5 3rd Qu.:774.5
## Max. :970.0 Max. :970.0
##
## institution country
## Chiba University : 1 Japan :74
## Ehime University : 1 Argentina: 0
## Fukuoka University : 1 Australia: 0
## Gifu University : 1 Austria : 0
## Graduate University for Advanced Studies: 1 Belgium : 0
## Gunma University : 1 Brazil : 0
## (Other) :68 (Other) : 0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. : 1.00 Min. : 16.0 Min. : 3.0 Min. : 24.0
## 1st Qu.:19.25 1st Qu.:322.8 1st Qu.:327.0 1st Qu.:218.0
## Median :37.50 Median :367.0 Median :567.0 Median :218.0
## Mean :37.50 Mean :315.3 Mean :441.7 Mean :201.6
## 3rd Qu.:55.75 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :74.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. : 14.0 Min. : 19.0 Min. : 31.0 Min. : 29.0
## 1st Qu.:503.0 1st Qu.:396.5 1st Qu.:428.0 1st Qu.:410.0
## Median :723.0 Median :604.5 Median :645.0 Median :637.0
## Mean :667.4 Mean :568.9 Mean :538.5 Mean :578.0
## 3rd Qu.:908.8 3rd Qu.:759.8 3rd Qu.:645.0 3rd Qu.:738.8
## Max. :999.0 Max. :958.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :984.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. : 7.0 Min. :44.06 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:230.0 1st Qu.:44.27 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :371.0 Median :44.48 Median :2015
## Mean :386.7 Mean :46.27 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:535.8 3rd Qu.:44.90 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871.0 Max. :78.23 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Switzerland"
## X world_rank
## Min. : 20.0 Min. : 20.0
## 1st Qu.: 92.0 1st Qu.: 92.0
## Median :160.0 Median :160.0
## Mean :241.8 Mean :241.8
## 3rd Qu.:200.0 3rd Qu.:200.0
## Max. :758.0 Max. :758.0
##
## institution country
## Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne:1 Switzerland:9
## Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich :1 Argentina :0
## University of Basel :1 Australia :0
## University of Bern :1 Austria :0
## University of Fribourg :1 Belgium :0
## University of Geneva :1 Brazil :0
## (Other) :3 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1 Min. : 17.0 Min. : 64.0 Min. : 17.0
## 1st Qu.:3 1st Qu.: 83.0 1st Qu.:191.0 1st Qu.: 60.0
## Median :5 Median :115.0 Median :363.0 Median :116.0
## Mean :5 Mean :165.2 Mean :316.6 Mean :131.9
## 3rd Qu.:7 3rd Qu.:232.0 3rd Qu.:423.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :9 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact patents
## Min. : 44.0 Min. : 27 Min. : 39 Min. : 56 Min. : 57.0
## 1st Qu.:122.0 1st Qu.: 77 1st Qu.: 68 1st Qu.: 79 1st Qu.:137.0
## Median :163.0 Median :101 Median :115 Median :117 Median :433.0
## Mean :278.7 Mean :184 Mean :205 Mean :220 Mean :400.2
## 3rd Qu.:235.0 3rd Qu.:128 3rd Qu.:136 3rd Qu.:159 3rd Qu.:640.0
## Max. :863.0 Max. :635 Max. :812 Max. :671 Max. :787.0
##
## score year
## Min. :44.29 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:47.49 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :48.48 Median :2015
## Mean :50.40 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:51.46 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :66.93 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Israel"
## X world_rank
## Min. : 23.0 Min. : 23.0
## 1st Qu.: 62.5 1st Qu.: 62.5
## Median :136.0 Median :136.0
## Mean :264.9 Mean :264.9
## 3rd Qu.:435.0 3rd Qu.:435.0
## Max. :700.0 Max. :700.0
##
## institution
## Bar-Ilan University :1
## Ben-Gurion University of the Negev :1
## Hebrew University of Jerusalem :1
## Technion <c3><a2><e2><82><ac><e2><80><9c> Israel Institute of Technology:1
## Tel Aviv University :1
## University of Haifa :1
## (Other) :1
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Israel :7 Min. :1.0 Min. : 15.0 Min. :107.0
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:2.5 1st Qu.: 32.0 1st Qu.:172.0
## Australia:0 Median :4.0 Median : 77.0 Median :372.0
## Austria :0 Mean :4.0 Mean :167.1 Mean :335.6
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:5.5 3rd Qu.:323.5 3rd Qu.:479.5
## Brazil :0 Max. :7.0 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. : 15.0 Min. : 98.0 Min. : 63.0 Min. :136.0
## 1st Qu.: 36.0 1st Qu.:153.0 1st Qu.:107.0 1st Qu.:197.5
## Median : 55.0 Median :246.0 Median :221.0 Median :368.0
## Mean :113.7 Mean :266.6 Mean :252.3 Mean :397.7
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:340.5 3rd Qu.:394.5 3rd Qu.:536.5
## Max. :218.0 Max. :535.0 Max. :479.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :143.0 Min. : 35.0 Min. :44.36 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:148.5 1st Qu.: 42.0 1st Qu.:45.10 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :209.0 Median : 88.0 Median :49.12 Median :2015
## Mean :315.9 Mean :166.6 Mean :51.19 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:438.0 3rd Qu.:228.0 3rd Qu.:54.46 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :686.0 Max. :503.0 Max. :65.71 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "South Korea"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. : 24.0 Min. : 24.0 Ajou University : 1
## 1st Qu.:365.5 1st Qu.:365.5 Catholic University of Korea: 1
## Median :535.5 Median :535.5 Chonbuk National University : 1
## Mean :544.7 Mean :544.7 Chonnam National University : 1
## 3rd Qu.:812.2 3rd Qu.:812.2 Chosun University : 1
## Max. :973.0 Max. :973.0 Chung-Ang University : 1
## (Other) :30
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## South Korea:36 Min. : 1.00 Min. :245.0 Min. : 9.0
## Argentina : 0 1st Qu.: 9.75 1st Qu.:367.0 1st Qu.:397.8
## Australia : 0 Median :18.50 Median :367.0 Median :567.0
## Austria : 0 Mean :18.50 Mean :363.6 Mean :448.4
## Belgium : 0 3rd Qu.:27.25 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Brazil : 0 Max. :36.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) : 0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. : 36.0 Min. :163.0 Min. :146.0
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:393.5 1st Qu.:530.8 1st Qu.:413.0
## Median :218 Median :572.0 Median :761.0 Median :645.0
## Mean :218 Mean :577.9 Mean :687.2 Mean :594.1
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:814.0 3rd Qu.:886.8 3rd Qu.:812.0
## Max. :218 Max. :989.0 Max. :984.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :112.0 Min. : 6.0 Min. :44.06 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:433.8 1st Qu.: 79.5 1st Qu.:44.22 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :634.0 Median :143.0 Median :44.67 Median :2015
## Mean :639.2 Mean :193.1 Mean :45.88 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:888.5 3rd Qu.:297.2 3rd Qu.:45.42 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :997.0 Max. :565.0 Max. :64.82 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Canada"
## X world_rank institution country
## Min. : 32.0 Min. : 32.0 Brock University : 1 Canada :33
## 1st Qu.:193.0 1st Qu.:193.0 Carleton University : 1 Argentina: 0
## Median :362.0 Median :362.0 Concordia University: 1 Australia: 0
## Mean :442.5 Mean :442.5 Dalhousie University: 1 Austria : 0
## 3rd Qu.:663.0 3rd Qu.:663.0 Laval University : 1 Belgium : 0
## Max. :994.0 Max. :994.0 McGill University : 1 Brazil : 0
## (Other) :27 (Other) : 0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. : 1 Min. : 34.0 Min. : 37.0 Min. : 32.0
## 1st Qu.: 9 1st Qu.:320.0 1st Qu.:133.0 1st Qu.:218.0
## Median :17 Median :367.0 Median :278.0 Median :218.0
## Mean :17 Mean :312.1 Mean :319.1 Mean :198.7
## 3rd Qu.:25 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:538.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :33 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. : 2.0 Min. : 17.0 Min. : 9.0 Min. : 8.0
## 1st Qu.:171.0 1st Qu.:208.0 1st Qu.:182.0 1st Qu.:190.0
## Median :325.0 Median :333.0 Median :264.0 Median :344.0
## Mean :419.7 Mean :447.1 Mean :342.9 Mean :432.5
## 3rd Qu.:716.0 3rd Qu.:737.0 3rd Qu.:511.0 3rd Qu.:741.0
## Max. :957.0 Max. :969.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :975.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. : 81.0 Min. :44.03 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:275.0 1st Qu.:44.41 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :573.0 Median :45.40 Median :2015
## Mean :528.7 Mean :46.78 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:778.0 3rd Qu.:47.60 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871.0 Max. :60.04 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "France"
## X world_rank
## Min. : 36.0 Min. : 36.0
## 1st Qu.:236.0 1st Qu.:236.0
## Median :580.0 Median :580.0
## Mean :543.1 Mean :543.1
## 3rd Qu.:772.0 3rd Qu.:772.0
## Max. :989.0 Max. :989.0
##
## institution
## Aix-Marseille University : 1
## Blaise Pascal University : 1
## Claude Bernard University Lyon 1 : 1
## Grenoble Institute of Technology : 1
## Institut national des sciences Appliqu<c3><83><c2><a9>es de Lyon: 1
## Jean Monnet University : 1
## (Other) :43
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## France :49 Min. : 1 Min. : 8.0 Min. : 7.0
## Argentina: 0 1st Qu.:13 1st Qu.:207.0 1st Qu.:502.0
## Australia: 0 Median :25 Median :367.0 Median :567.0
## Austria : 0 Mean :25 Mean :283.6 Mean :493.1
## Belgium : 0 3rd Qu.:37 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Brazil : 0 Max. :49 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) : 0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. : 26.0 Min. : 31.0 Min. : 35.0 Min. : 68.0
## 1st Qu.:216.0 1st Qu.:327.0 1st Qu.:232.0 1st Qu.:287.0
## Median :218.0 Median :547.0 Median :495.0 Median :511.0
## Mean :194.7 Mean :553.6 Mean :478.7 Mean :516.2
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:826.0 3rd Qu.:722.0 3rd Qu.:812.0
## Max. :218.0 Max. :996.0 Max. :991.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. : 63.0 Min. : 87.0 Min. :44.04 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:295.0 1st Qu.:414.0 1st Qu.:44.27 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :579.0 Median :579.0 Median :44.56 Median :2015
## Mean :548.1 Mean :575.6 Mean :46.09 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:809.0 3rd Qu.:787.0 3rd Qu.:46.81 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :991.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :59.20 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "China"
## X world_rank
## Min. : 56.0 Min. : 56.0
## 1st Qu.: 430.5 1st Qu.: 430.5
## Median : 749.0 Median : 749.0
## Mean : 671.6 Mean : 671.6
## 3rd Qu.: 901.5 3rd Qu.: 901.5
## Max. :1000.0 Max. :1000.0
##
## institution country
## Beihang University : 1 China :83
## Beijing Institute of Technology : 1 Argentina: 0
## Beijing Normal University : 1 Australia: 0
## Beijing University of Chemical Technology: 1 Austria : 0
## Beijing University of Technology : 1 Belgium : 0
## Capital Medical University : 1 Brazil : 0
## (Other) :77 (Other) : 0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. : 1.0 Min. : 57.0 Min. : 38.0 Min. :218
## 1st Qu.:21.5 1st Qu.:367.0 1st Qu.:287.0 1st Qu.:218
## Median :42.0 Median :367.0 Median :486.0 Median :218
## Mean :42.0 Mean :351.3 Mean :414.2 Mean :218
## 3rd Qu.:62.5 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :83.0 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. : 52.0 Min. :131.0 Min. : 65.0 Min. :125.0
## 1st Qu.:347.5 1st Qu.:623.0 1st Qu.:511.0 1st Qu.:480.0
## Median :609.0 Median :809.0 Median :645.0 Median :754.0
## Mean :569.0 Mean :745.5 Mean :624.9 Mean :688.8
## 3rd Qu.:798.5 3rd Qu.:935.5 3rd Qu.:812.0 3rd Qu.:906.0
## Max. :976.0 Max. :991.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :999.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. : 20.0 Min. :44.02 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:385.0 1st Qu.:44.13 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :601.0 Median :44.30 Median :2015
## Mean :568.6 Mean :44.87 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:780.0 3rd Qu.:45.05 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871.0 Max. :54.26 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Taiwan"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. : 57.0 Min. : 57.0 Chang Gung University : 1
## 1st Qu.:544.0 1st Qu.:544.0 China Medical University (Taiwan): 1
## Median :803.0 Median :803.0 Chung Shan Medical University : 1
## Mean :704.7 Mean :704.7 Chung Yuan Christian University : 1
## 3rd Qu.:932.0 3rd Qu.:932.0 Feng Chia University : 1
## Max. :983.0 Max. :983.0 Fu Jen Catholic University : 1
## (Other) :15
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Taiwan :21 Min. : 1 Min. : 92.0 Min. : 25.0
## Argentina: 0 1st Qu.: 6 1st Qu.:367.0 1st Qu.:413.0
## Australia: 0 Median :11 Median :367.0 Median :567.0
## Austria : 0 Mean :11 Mean :336.5 Mean :444.9
## Belgium : 0 3rd Qu.:16 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Brazil : 0 Max. :21 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) : 0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. : 46.0 Min. :223.0 Min. :182.0
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:345.0 1st Qu.:598.0 1st Qu.:511.0
## Median :218 Median :499.0 Median :883.0 Median :645.0
## Mean :218 Mean :539.5 Mean :765.7 Mean :656.3
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:779.0 3rd Qu.:962.0 3rd Qu.:812.0
## Max. :218 Max. :984.0 Max. :991.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :204.0 Min. :436.0 Min. :44.04 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:520.0 1st Qu.:823.0 1st Qu.:44.10 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :781.0 Median :871.0 Median :44.24 Median :2015
## Mean :702.2 Mean :804.7 Mean :44.95 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:921.0 3rd Qu.:871.0 3rd Qu.:44.65 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :975.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :54.23 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Russia"
## X world_rank
## Min. : 59 Min. : 59
## 1st Qu.:250 1st Qu.:250
## Median :406 Median :406
## Mean :491 Mean :491
## 3rd Qu.:755 3rd Qu.:755
## Max. :985 Max. :985
##
## institution country
## Lomonosov Moscow State University :1 Russia :5
## Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology:1 Argentina:0
## National Research Nuclear University MEPhI:1 Australia:0
## Novosibirsk State University :1 Austria :0
## Saint Petersburg State University :1 Belgium :0
## AGH University of Science and Technology :0 Brazil :0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1 Min. : 14.0 Min. :175.0 Min. : 48
## 1st Qu.:2 1st Qu.: 23.0 1st Qu.:250.0 1st Qu.:218
## Median :3 Median : 47.0 Median :339.0 Median :218
## Mean :3 Mean :111.4 Mean :379.6 Mean :184
## 3rd Qu.:4 3rd Qu.:167.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :5 Max. :306.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :268.0 Min. :254 Min. :287.0 Min. : 344
## 1st Qu.:621.0 1st Qu.:574 1st Qu.:428.0 1st Qu.: 671
## Median :819.0 Median :605 Median :645.0 Median : 754
## Mean :722.8 Mean :598 Mean :563.4 Mean : 752
## 3rd Qu.:949.0 3rd Qu.:699 3rd Qu.:645.0 3rd Qu.: 991
## Max. :957.0 Max. :858 Max. :812.0 Max. :1000
##
## patents score year
## Min. :816.0 Min. :44.04 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:839.0 1st Qu.:44.29 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :861.0 Median :45.14 Median :2015
## Mean :851.6 Mean :46.84 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:871.0 3rd Qu.:46.55 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871.0 Max. :54.19 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Singapore"
## X world_rank
## Min. : 65.0 Min. : 65.0
## 1st Qu.: 82.5 1st Qu.: 82.5
## Median :100.0 Median :100.0
## Mean :100.0 Mean :100.0
## 3rd Qu.:117.5 3rd Qu.:117.5
## Max. :135.0 Max. :135.0
##
## institution country
## Nanyang Technological University :1 Singapore:2
## National University of Singapore :1 Argentina:0
## AGH University of Science and Technology:0 Australia:0
## Aalborg University :0 Austria :0
## Aalto University :0 Belgium :0
## Aarhus University :0 Brazil :0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1.00 Min. :367 Min. : 98.0 Min. :218
## 1st Qu.:1.25 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:215.2 1st Qu.:218
## Median :1.50 Median :367 Median :332.5 Median :218
## Mean :1.50 Mean :367 Mean :332.5 Mean :218
## 3rd Qu.:1.75 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:449.8 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :2.00 Max. :367 Max. :567.0 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. : 34 Min. :125 Min. : 78.0 Min. : 90.0
## 1st Qu.: 51 1st Qu.:184 1st Qu.:111.5 1st Qu.:118.5
## Median : 68 Median :243 Median :145.0 Median :147.0
## Mean : 68 Mean :243 Mean :145.0 Mean :147.0
## 3rd Qu.: 85 3rd Qu.:302 3rd Qu.:178.5 3rd Qu.:175.5
## Max. :102 Max. :361 Max. :212.0 Max. :204.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :25.00 Min. :49.29 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:26.75 1st Qu.:50.33 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :28.50 Median :51.37 Median :2015
## Mean :28.50 Mean :51.37 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:30.25 3rd Qu.:52.40 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :32.00 Max. :53.44 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Sweden"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. : 71.0 Min. : 71.0 Chalmers University of Technology :1
## 1st Qu.:125.0 1st Qu.:125.0 Karolinska Institute :1
## Median :237.0 Median :237.0 Link<c3><83><c2><b6>ping University:1
## Mean :267.5 Mean :267.5 Lund University :1
## 3rd Qu.:378.5 3rd Qu.:378.5 Royal Institute of Technology :1
## Max. :639.0 Max. :639.0 Stockholm University :1
## (Other) :5
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Sweden :11 Min. : 1.0 Min. : 73.0 Min. : 30.0
## Argentina: 0 1st Qu.: 3.5 1st Qu.:141.0 1st Qu.:265.5
## Australia: 0 Median : 6.0 Median :199.0 Median :321.0
## Austria : 0 Mean : 6.0 Mean :231.9 Mean :360.7
## Belgium : 0 3rd Qu.: 8.5 3rd Qu.:364.0 3rd Qu.:548.0
## Brazil : 0 Max. :11.0 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) : 0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. : 36.0 Min. : 51.0 Min. : 54.0 Min. : 52.0
## 1st Qu.:110.5 1st Qu.:148.5 1st Qu.:112.0 1st Qu.: 90.5
## Median :187.0 Median :221.0 Median :198.0 Median :212.0
## Mean :161.2 Mean :276.8 Mean :262.7 Mean :237.0
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:345.0 3rd Qu.:350.5 3rd Qu.:398.0
## Max. :218.0 Max. :816.0 Max. :747.0 Max. :428.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. : 34.0 Min. :743.0 Min. :44.44 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:141.0 1st Qu.:855.0 1st Qu.:45.31 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :219.0 Median :871.0 Median :46.79 Median :2015
## Mean :244.1 Mean :849.7 Mean :47.55 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:336.5 3rd Qu.:871.0 3rd Qu.:49.55 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :549.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :52.79 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Denmark"
## X world_rank
## Min. : 74.0 Min. : 74.0
## 1st Qu.:122.0 1st Qu.:122.0
## Median :174.0 Median :174.0
## Mean :258.2 Mean :258.2
## 3rd Qu.:356.0 3rd Qu.:356.0
## Max. :565.0 Max. :565.0
##
## institution country national_rank
## Aalborg University :1 Denmark :5 Min. :1
## Aarhus University :1 Argentina:0 1st Qu.:2
## Technical University of Denmark :1 Australia:0 Median :3
## University of Copenhagen :1 Austria :0 Mean :3
## University of Southern Denmark :1 Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:4
## AGH University of Science and Technology:0 Brazil :0 Max. :5
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty publications
## Min. :117.0 Min. :149 Min. : 64.0 Min. : 38.0
## 1st Qu.:310.0 1st Qu.:165 1st Qu.:106.0 1st Qu.: 91.0
## Median :351.0 Median :439 Median :202.0 Median :220.0
## Mean :302.4 Mean :366 Mean :161.6 Mean :266.2
## 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:510 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:386.0
## Max. :367.0 Max. :567 Max. :218.0 Max. :596.0
##
## influence citations broad_impact patents
## Min. : 31.0 Min. : 59.0 Min. : 31.0 Min. : 46.0
## 1st Qu.: 81.0 1st Qu.:101.0 1st Qu.: 95.0 1st Qu.:154.0
## Median :230.0 Median :161.0 Median :216.0 Median :320.0
## Mean :265.8 Mean :185.8 Mean :231.4 Mean :270.6
## 3rd Qu.:327.0 3rd Qu.:287.0 3rd Qu.:295.0 3rd Qu.:401.0
## Max. :660.0 Max. :321.0 Max. :520.0 Max. :432.0
##
## score year
## Min. :44.59 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:45.46 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :48.06 Median :2015
## Mean :48.05 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:49.65 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :52.51 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Germany"
## X world_rank
## Min. : 76.0 Min. : 76.0
## 1st Qu.:207.5 1st Qu.:207.5
## Median :318.0 Median :318.0
## Mean :388.2 Mean :388.2
## 3rd Qu.:518.5 3rd Qu.:518.5
## Max. :902.0 Max. :902.0
##
## institution country national_rank
## Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg : 1 Germany :55 Min. : 1.0
## Bielefeld University : 1 Argentina: 0 1st Qu.:14.5
## Braunschweig University of Technology: 1 Australia: 0 Median :28.0
## Darmstadt University of Technology : 1 Austria : 0 Mean :28.0
## Dresden University of Technology : 1 Belgium : 0 3rd Qu.:41.5
## Free University of Berlin : 1 Brazil : 0 Max. :55.0
## (Other) :49 (Other) : 0
## quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty publications
## Min. : 37.0 Min. :118.0 Min. : 51.0 Min. : 66.0
## 1st Qu.:166.5 1st Qu.:323.5 1st Qu.:176.5 1st Qu.:190.5
## Median :367.0 Median :548.0 Median :218.0 Median :322.0
## Mean :276.8 Mean :445.4 Mean :190.3 Mean :375.7
## 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:477.5
## Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0 Max. :916.0
##
## influence citations broad_impact patents
## Min. : 55.0 Min. : 46.0 Min. : 46.0 Min. : 98.0
## 1st Qu.:184.0 1st Qu.:171.5 1st Qu.:169.0 1st Qu.:303.5
## Median :282.0 Median :321.0 Median :289.0 Median :376.0
## Mean :332.5 Mean :360.2 Mean :340.6 Mean :440.7
## 3rd Qu.:445.5 3rd Qu.:511.0 3rd Qu.:452.0 3rd Qu.:598.5
## Max. :903.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :867.0 Max. :871.0
##
## score year
## Min. :44.13 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:44.72 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :45.79 Median :2015
## Mean :46.24 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:47.30 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :52.32 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Belgium"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. : 82.0 Min. : 82.0 Ghent University :1
## 1st Qu.:180.0 1st Qu.:180.0 Hasselt University :1
## Median :296.0 Median :296.0 Katholieke Universiteit Leuven :1
## Mean :371.2 Mean :371.2 University of Antwerp :1
## 3rd Qu.:627.8 3rd Qu.:627.8 University of Li<c3><83><c2><a8>ge:1
## Max. :741.0 Max. :741.0 University of Mons :1
## (Other) :4
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Belgium :10 Min. : 1.00 Min. :110.0 Min. :110.0
## Argentina: 0 1st Qu.: 3.25 1st Qu.:148.2 1st Qu.:280.2
## Australia: 0 Median : 5.50 Median :270.0 Median :402.0
## Austria : 0 Mean : 5.50 Mean :254.8 Mean :397.7
## Brazil : 0 3rd Qu.: 7.75 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Bulgaria : 0 Max. :10.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) : 0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. : 69.0 Min. : 35.0 Min. : 92.0 Min. : 53.0
## 1st Qu.:144.8 1st Qu.:243.2 1st Qu.:215.0 1st Qu.:104.5
## Median :218.0 Median :288.5 Median :304.0 Median :197.5
## Mean :176.5 Mean :403.6 Mean :400.3 Mean :290.1
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:688.2 3rd Qu.:606.2 3rd Qu.:542.2
## Max. :218.0 Max. :881.0 Max. :904.0 Max. :645.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. : 46.0 Min. : 74.0 Min. :44.31 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:180.8 1st Qu.:170.0 1st Qu.:44.67 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :248.0 Median :328.5 Median :46.02 Median :2015
## Mean :340.1 Mean :370.5 Mean :46.77 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:569.2 3rd Qu.:514.2 3rd Qu.:47.93 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :699.0 Max. :761.0 Max. :52.03 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Netherlands"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. : 85.0 Min. : 85.0 Delft University of Technology :1
## 1st Qu.:110.0 1st Qu.:110.0 Eindhoven University of Technology:1
## Median :134.0 Median :134.0 Erasmus University Rotterdam :1
## Mean :228.3 Mean :228.3 Leiden University :1
## 3rd Qu.:276.0 3rd Qu.:276.0 Maastricht University :1
## Max. :689.0 Max. :689.0 Radboud University Nijmegen :1
## (Other) :7
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Netherlands:13 Min. : 1 Min. : 84.0 Min. : 46.0
## Argentina : 0 1st Qu.: 4 1st Qu.:128.0 1st Qu.:274.0
## Australia : 0 Median : 7 Median :313.0 Median :317.0
## Austria : 0 Mean : 7 Mean :273.5 Mean :346.7
## Belgium : 0 3rd Qu.:10 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:511.0
## Brazil : 0 Max. :13 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) : 0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :102 Min. : 39.0 Min. : 44.0 Min. : 53.0
## 1st Qu.:186 1st Qu.: 79.0 1st Qu.: 96.0 1st Qu.: 68.0
## Median :212 Median : 89.0 Median :147.0 Median : 93.0
## Mean :191 Mean :180.6 Mean :260.9 Mean :179.7
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:224.0 3rd Qu.:354.0 3rd Qu.:264.0
## Max. :218 Max. :566.0 Max. :878.0 Max. :428.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. : 44.0 Min. :146.0 Min. :44.37 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.: 60.0 1st Qu.:279.0 1st Qu.:46.26 1st Qu.:2015
## Median : 79.0 Median :288.0 Median :49.30 Median :2015
## Mean :190.2 Mean :395.2 Mean :48.24 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:247.0 3rd Qu.:429.0 3rd Qu.:50.10 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :732.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :51.78 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Australia"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. : 88.0 Min. : 88.0 Australian National University: 1
## 1st Qu.:275.5 1st Qu.:275.5 Charles Darwin University : 1
## Median :579.0 Median :579.0 Curtin University : 1
## Mean :519.5 Mean :519.5 Deakin University : 1
## 3rd Qu.:719.5 3rd Qu.:719.5 Flinders University : 1
## Max. :942.0 Max. :942.0 Griffith University : 1
## (Other) :21
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Australia:27 Min. : 1.0 Min. :105.0 Min. : 70.0
## Argentina: 0 1st Qu.: 7.5 1st Qu.:244.0 1st Qu.:298.0
## Austria : 0 Median :14.0 Median :367.0 Median :457.0
## Belgium : 0 Mean :14.0 Mean :306.2 Mean :417.4
## Brazil : 0 3rd Qu.:20.5 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Bulgaria : 0 Max. :27.0 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) : 0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. : 52.0 Min. : 42 Min. : 68.0 Min. : 46.0
## 1st Qu.:218.0 1st Qu.:190 1st Qu.:212.0 1st Qu.:304.0
## Median :218.0 Median :436 Median :455.0 Median :511.0
## Mean :204.4 Mean :436 Mean :420.7 Mean :459.1
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:592 3rd Qu.:607.5 3rd Qu.:645.0
## Max. :218.0 Max. :938 Max. :929.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. : 71.0 Min. : 68.0 Min. :44.09 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:253.0 1st Qu.:407.0 1st Qu.:44.34 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :529.0 Median :520.0 Median :44.56 Median :2015
## Mean :492.1 Mean :508.2 Mean :45.81 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:696.0 3rd Qu.:675.5 3rd Qu.:46.34 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :932.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :51.61 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Norway"
## X world_rank
## Min. : 99.0 Min. : 99.0
## 1st Qu.:243.0 1st Qu.:243.0
## Median :283.0 Median :283.0
## Mean :388.2 Mean :388.2
## 3rd Qu.:527.0 3rd Qu.:527.0
## Max. :789.0 Max. :789.0
##
## institution
## Norwegian University of Life Sciences :1
## Norwegian University of Science and Technology :1
## University of Bergen :1
## University of Oslo :1
## University of Troms<c3><83><c2><b8> - The Arctic University of Norway:1
## AGH University of Science and Technology :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Norway :5 Min. :1 Min. : 53.0 Min. :119.0
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:2 1st Qu.:252.0 1st Qu.:286.0
## Australia:0 Median :3 Median :367.0 Median :567.0
## Austria :0 Mean :3 Mean :281.2 Mean :421.2
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:4 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Brazil :0 Max. :5 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. : 40.0 Min. :106.0 Min. :134.0 Min. :101.0
## 1st Qu.: 75.0 1st Qu.:229.0 1st Qu.:201.0 1st Qu.:212.0
## Median :218.0 Median :279.0 Median :366.0 Median :212.0
## Mean :153.8 Mean :375.2 Mean :335.6 Mean :264.6
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:493.0 3rd Qu.:407.0 3rd Qu.:287.0
## Max. :218.0 Max. :769.0 Max. :570.0 Max. :511.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :102.0 Min. :302.0 Min. :44.26 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:227.0 1st Qu.:327.0 1st Qu.:44.70 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :273.0 Median :782.0 Median :46.18 Median :2015
## Mean :352.8 Mean :621.2 Mean :46.52 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:447.0 3rd Qu.:824.0 3rd Qu.:46.67 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :715.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :50.81 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Finland"
## X world_rank
## Min. :111.0 Min. :111.0
## 1st Qu.:383.0 1st Qu.:383.0
## Median :442.0 Median :442.0
## Mean :461.4 Mean :461.4
## 3rd Qu.:577.0 3rd Qu.:577.0
## Max. :735.0 Max. :735.0
##
## institution country
## Aalto University :1 Finland :9
## Tampere University of Technology :1 Argentina:0
## University of Eastern Finland :1 Australia:0
## University of Helsinki :1 Austria :0
## University of Jyv<c3><83><c2><a4>skyl<c3><83><c2><a4>:1 Belgium :0
## University of Oulu :1 Brazil :0
## (Other) :3 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1 Min. : 56.0 Min. :156.0 Min. :111.0
## 1st Qu.:3 1st Qu.:367.0 1st Qu.:297.0 1st Qu.:218.0
## Median :5 Median :367.0 Median :525.0 Median :218.0
## Mean :5 Mean :322.2 Mean :420.8 Mean :206.1
## 3rd Qu.:7 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:551.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :9 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. : 80.0 Min. : 79.0 Min. : 88.0 Min. : 65.0
## 1st Qu.:336.0 1st Qu.:344.0 1st Qu.:368.0 1st Qu.:330.0
## Median :432.0 Median :403.0 Median :645.0 Median :375.0
## Mean :456.1 Mean :415.6 Mean :538.6 Mean :435.6
## 3rd Qu.:526.0 3rd Qu.:443.0 3rd Qu.:645.0 3rd Qu.:622.0
## Max. :816.0 Max. :679.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :796.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :246.0 Min. :44.32 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:521.0 1st Qu.:44.56 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :679.0 Median :45.02 Median :2015
## Mean :619.7 Mean :45.45 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:746.0 3rd Qu.:45.27 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :861.0 Max. :50.04 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Italy"
## X world_rank
## Min. :112.0 Min. :112.0
## 1st Qu.:336.0 1st Qu.:336.0
## Median :456.0 Median :456.0
## Mean :493.3 Mean :493.3
## 3rd Qu.:669.0 3rd Qu.:669.0
## Max. :922.0 Max. :922.0
##
## institution country
## Catholic University of the Sacred Heart : 1 Italy :47
## G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti-Pescara : 1 Argentina: 0
## International School for Advanced Studies : 1 Australia: 0
## Magna Gr<c3><83><c2><a6>cia University of Catanzaro: 1 Austria : 0
## Marche Polytechnic University : 1 Belgium : 0
## Polytechnic University of Milan : 1 Brazil : 0
## (Other) :41 (Other) : 0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. : 1.0 Min. : 67.0 Min. :181.0 Min. : 45.0
## 1st Qu.:12.5 1st Qu.:358.5 1st Qu.:518.5 1st Qu.:218.0
## Median :24.0 Median :367.0 Median :567.0 Median :218.0
## Mean :24.0 Mean :336.7 Mean :518.4 Mean :203.6
## 3rd Qu.:35.5 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :47.0 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. : 83.0 Min. :105.0 Min. :182.0 Min. :106.0
## 1st Qu.:355.0 1st Qu.:328.0 1st Qu.:287.0 1st Qu.:283.0
## Median :465.0 Median :482.0 Median :428.0 Median :396.0
## Mean :478.5 Mean :502.4 Mean :460.8 Mean :434.4
## 3rd Qu.:615.5 3rd Qu.:639.0 3rd Qu.:645.0 3rd Qu.:584.5
## Max. :948.0 Max. :900.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :867.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :283.0 Min. :44.12 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:561.5 1st Qu.:44.40 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :712.0 Median :44.92 Median :2015
## Mean :672.1 Mean :45.25 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:810.5 3rd Qu.:45.58 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871.0 Max. :49.97 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Spain"
## X world_rank
## Min. :116.0 Min. :116.0
## 1st Qu.:422.8 1st Qu.:422.8
## Median :666.5 Median :666.5
## Mean :621.0 Mean :621.0
## 3rd Qu.:816.2 3rd Qu.:816.2
## Max. :999.0 Max. :999.0
##
## institution country
## Autonomous University of Barcelona : 1 Spain :40
## Autonomous University of Madrid : 1 Argentina: 0
## Carlos III University of Madrid : 1 Australia: 0
## Complutense University of Madrid : 1 Austria : 0
## Jaume I University : 1 Belgium : 0
## Miguel Hern<c3><83><c2><a1>ndez University of Elche: 1 Brazil : 0
## (Other) :34 (Other) : 0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. : 1.00 Min. : 86.0 Min. : 68.0 Min. :214.0
## 1st Qu.:10.75 1st Qu.:367.0 1st Qu.:490.5 1st Qu.:218.0
## Median :20.50 Median :367.0 Median :567.0 Median :218.0
## Mean :20.50 Mean :356.1 Mean :501.3 Mean :217.9
## 3rd Qu.:30.25 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :40.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. : 61.0 Min. :108.0 Min. : 93.0 Min. : 83.0
## 1st Qu.:381.5 1st Qu.:474.5 1st Qu.:428.0 1st Qu.:477.8
## Median :577.5 Median :666.0 Median :578.0 Median :606.0
## Mean :556.7 Mean :633.0 Mean :568.5 Mean :613.2
## 3rd Qu.:704.8 3rd Qu.:830.2 3rd Qu.:812.0 3rd Qu.:784.8
## Max. :972.0 Max. :974.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :975.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. : 85.0 Min. :44.02 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:265.0 1st Qu.:44.22 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :500.0 Median :44.41 Median :2015
## Mean :454.7 Mean :44.84 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:630.8 3rd Qu.:45.09 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :809.0 Max. :49.79 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Brazil"
## X world_rank
## Min. :132.0 Min. :132.0
## 1st Qu.:584.5 1st Qu.:584.5
## Median :916.5 Median :916.5
## Mean :752.1 Mean :752.1
## 3rd Qu.:940.5 3rd Qu.:940.5
## Max. :998.0 Max. :998.0
##
## institution country
## Federal University of ABC : 1 Brazil :18
## Federal University of Bahia : 1 Argentina: 0
## Federal University of Cear<c3><83><c2><a1> : 1 Australia: 0
## Federal University of Minas Gerais : 1 Austria : 0
## Federal University of Paran<c3><83><c2><a1>: 1 Belgium : 0
## Federal University of Pernambuco : 1 Bulgaria : 0
## (Other) :12 (Other) : 0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. : 1.00 Min. :125.0 Min. : 71.0 Min. :218
## 1st Qu.: 5.25 1st Qu.:367.0 1st Qu.:403.2 1st Qu.:218
## Median : 9.50 Median :367.0 Median :550.5 Median :218
## Mean : 9.50 Mean :349.7 Mean :464.6 Mean :218
## 3rd Qu.:13.75 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :18.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. : 59.0 Min. :186.0 Min. :136.0 Min. :164.0
## 1st Qu.:411.8 1st Qu.:586.8 1st Qu.:511.0 1st Qu.:534.0
## Median :709.5 Median :811.5 Median :645.0 Median :896.0
## Mean :620.2 Mean :727.2 Mean :619.8 Mean :740.8
## 3rd Qu.:805.8 3rd Qu.:905.5 3rd Qu.:812.0 3rd Qu.:939.8
## Max. :962.0 Max. :974.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :975.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :197.0 Min. :44.03 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:647.8 1st Qu.:44.09 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :773.0 Median :44.12 Median :2015
## Mean :678.3 Mean :44.63 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:835.2 3rd Qu.:44.55 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871.0 Max. :49.31 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "South Africa"
## X world_rank
## Min. :149.0 Min. :149.0
## 1st Qu.:248.0 1st Qu.:248.0
## Median :306.0 Median :306.0
## Mean :371.8 Mean :371.8
## 3rd Qu.:478.0 3rd Qu.:478.0
## Max. :678.0 Max. :678.0
##
## institution country
## Stellenbosch University :1 South Africa:5
## University of Cape Town :1 Argentina :0
## University of KwaZulu-Natal :1 Australia :0
## University of Pretoria :1 Austria :0
## University of the Witwatersrand :1 Belgium :0
## AGH University of Science and Technology:0 Brazil :0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1 Min. : 61.0 Min. : 32.0 Min. :146.0
## 1st Qu.:2 1st Qu.:104.0 1st Qu.: 66.0 1st Qu.:172.0
## Median :3 Median :367.0 Median :126.0 Median :218.0
## Mean :3 Mean :253.2 Mean :126.8 Mean :194.4
## 3rd Qu.:4 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:148.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :5 Max. :367.0 Max. :262.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :319.0 Min. :236.0 Min. :234 Min. :265.0
## 1st Qu.:442.0 1st Qu.:237.0 1st Qu.:321 1st Qu.:447.0
## Median :520.0 Median :397.0 Median :321 Median :486.0
## Mean :492.6 Mean :377.2 Mean :351 Mean :503.6
## 3rd Qu.:562.0 3rd Qu.:503.0 3rd Qu.:368 3rd Qu.:579.0
## Max. :620.0 Max. :513.0 Max. :511 Max. :741.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :219.0 Min. :44.39 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:268.0 1st Qu.:44.85 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :291.0 Median :45.92 Median :2015
## Mean :384.2 Mean :46.10 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:539.0 3rd Qu.:46.58 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :604.0 Max. :48.75 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Hong Kong"
## X world_rank
## Min. :170.0 Min. :170.0
## 1st Qu.:244.8 1st Qu.:244.8
## Median :336.5 Median :336.5
## Mean :347.5 Mean :347.5
## 3rd Qu.:368.2 3rd Qu.:368.2
## Max. :649.0 Max. :649.0
##
## institution country
## Chinese University of Hong Kong :1 Hong Kong:6
## City University of Hong Kong :1 Argentina:0
## Hong Kong Baptist University :1 Australia:0
## Hong Kong Polytechnic University :1 Austria :0
## Hong Kong University of Science and Technology:1 Belgium :0
## University of Hong Kong :1 Brazil :0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1.00 Min. :100.0 Min. :128.0 Min. :116
## 1st Qu.:2.25 1st Qu.:307.0 1st Qu.:214.2 1st Qu.:218
## Median :3.50 Median :367.0 Median :419.0 Median :218
## Mean :3.50 Mean :309.2 Mean :369.2 Mean :201
## 3rd Qu.:4.75 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:506.8 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :6.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :139.0 Min. :204.0 Min. :128.0 Min. :147.0
## 1st Qu.:184.5 1st Qu.:383.5 1st Qu.:251.0 1st Qu.:231.8
## Median :254.0 Median :615.0 Median :439.5 Median :319.5
## Mean :276.7 Mean :600.2 Mean :373.5 Mean :322.5
## 3rd Qu.:258.2 3rd Qu.:846.5 3rd Qu.:511.0 3rd Qu.:366.0
## Max. :592.0 Max. :937.0 Max. :511.0 Max. :565.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :168.0 Min. :44.43 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:190.0 1st Qu.:45.37 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :267.0 Median :45.62 Median :2015
## Mean :327.5 Mean :46.03 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:372.5 3rd Qu.:46.73 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :691.0 Max. :48.15 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Ireland"
## X world_rank
## Min. :185.0 Min. :185.0
## 1st Qu.:386.5 1st Qu.:386.5
## Median :634.5 Median :634.5
## Mean :600.6 Mean :600.6
## 3rd Qu.:845.5 3rd Qu.:845.5
## Max. :981.0 Max. :981.0
##
## institution country
## Dublin City University :1 Ireland :8
## National University of Ireland, Galway :1 Argentina:0
## National University of Ireland, Maynooth:1 Australia:0
## Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland :1 Austria :0
## Trinity College, Dublin :1 Belgium :0
## University College Cork :1 Brazil :0
## (Other) :2 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1.00 Min. :241.0 Min. : 78.0 Min. :200.0
## 1st Qu.:2.75 1st Qu.:314.5 1st Qu.:350.5 1st Qu.:218.0
## Median :4.50 Median :367.0 Median :548.0 Median :218.0
## Mean :4.50 Mean :332.2 Mean :427.1 Mean :215.8
## 3rd Qu.:6.25 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :8.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :288.0 Min. :233.0 Min. :115.0 Min. :204.0
## 1st Qu.:391.8 1st Qu.:394.5 1st Qu.:308.0 1st Qu.:363.2
## Median :695.5 Median :628.0 Median :439.5 Median :574.5
## Mean :645.8 Mean :589.4 Mean :469.9 Mean :578.8
## 3rd Qu.:889.0 3rd Qu.:751.2 3rd Qu.:686.8 3rd Qu.:819.2
## Max. :992.0 Max. :933.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :969.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :153.0 Min. :44.05 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:257.2 1st Qu.:44.19 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :320.0 Median :44.48 Median :2015
## Mean :348.6 Mean :45.12 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:463.5 3rd Qu.:45.47 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :561.0 Max. :47.73 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Austria"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :223.0 Min. :223.0 Graz University of Technology :1
## 1st Qu.:383.0 1st Qu.:383.0 Innsbruck Medical University :1
## Median :579.0 Median :579.0 Johannes Kepler University of Linz:1
## Mean :545.2 Mean :545.2 Medical University of Graz :1
## 3rd Qu.:722.0 3rd Qu.:722.0 Medical University of Vienna :1
## Max. :848.0 Max. :848.0 University of Graz :1
## (Other) :6
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Austria :12 Min. : 1.00 Min. :191.0 Min. :185.0
## Argentina: 0 1st Qu.: 3.75 1st Qu.:359.5 1st Qu.:371.0
## Australia: 0 Median : 6.50 Median :367.0 Median :510.0
## Belgium : 0 Mean : 6.50 Mean :336.3 Mean :452.9
## Brazil : 0 3rd Qu.: 9.25 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Bulgaria : 0 Max. :12.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) : 0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :101.0 Min. :231.0 Min. :154.0 Min. :161.0
## 1st Qu.:199.0 1st Qu.:416.8 1st Qu.:339.8 1st Qu.:312.5
## Median :218.0 Median :572.0 Median :587.0 Median :511.0
## Mean :195.4 Mean :575.3 Mean :499.6 Mean :522.0
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:751.0 3rd Qu.:666.0 3rd Qu.:812.0
## Max. :218.0 Max. :933.0 Max. :738.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :197.0 Min. :171.0 Min. :44.19 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:320.8 1st Qu.:432.5 1st Qu.:44.33 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :498.5 Median :588.0 Median :44.56 Median :2015
## Mean :500.8 Mean :550.3 Mean :44.99 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:662.0 3rd Qu.:658.2 3rd Qu.:45.26 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :809.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :47.03 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Portugal"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :257.0 Min. :257.0 Universidade Nova de Lisboa:1
## 1st Qu.:407.5 1st Qu.:407.5 University of Aveiro :1
## Median :557.0 Median :557.0 University of Coimbra :1
## Mean :552.3 Mean :552.3 University of Lisbon :1
## 3rd Qu.:620.5 3rd Qu.:620.5 University of Minho :1
## Max. :996.0 Max. :996.0 University of Porto :1
## (Other) :1
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Portugal :7 Min. :1.0 Min. : 94.0 Min. :316.0
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:2.5 1st Qu.:348.0 1st Qu.:516.0
## Australia:0 Median :4.0 Median :367.0 Median :567.0
## Austria :0 Mean :4.0 Mean :322.6 Mean :516.6
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:5.5 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Brazil :0 Max. :7.0 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. : 90.0 Min. :155.0 Min. :296.0 Min. :197.0
## 1st Qu.:185.0 1st Qu.:339.5 1st Qu.:401.5 1st Qu.:275.5
## Median :218.0 Median :415.0 Median :477.0 Median :511.0
## Mean :190.3 Mean :467.0 Mean :536.1 Mean :480.1
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:547.0 3rd Qu.:666.0 3rd Qu.:645.0
## Max. :218.0 Max. :926.0 Max. :845.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :251.0 Min. :212.0 Min. :44.03 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:382.5 1st Qu.:384.0 1st Qu.:44.48 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :540.0 Median :459.0 Median :44.61 Median :2015
## Mean :531.6 Mean :477.1 Mean :44.95 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:598.0 3rd Qu.:542.5 3rd Qu.:45.33 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :969.0 Max. :816.0 Max. :46.43 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "New Zealand"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :266.0 Min. :266.0 Massey University :1
## 1st Qu.:401.0 1st Qu.:401.0 University of Auckland :1
## Median :560.5 Median :560.5 University of Canterbury :1
## Mean :556.5 Mean :556.5 University of Otago :1
## 3rd Qu.:640.5 3rd Qu.:640.5 University of Waikato :1
## Max. :937.0 Max. :937.0 Victoria University of Wellington:1
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## New Zealand:6 Min. :1.00 Min. :190.0 Min. :195.0
## Argentina :0 1st Qu.:2.25 1st Qu.:255.5 1st Qu.:261.5
## Australia :0 Median :3.50 Median :342.0 Median :398.0
## Austria :0 Mean :3.50 Mean :307.2 Mean :364.0
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:4.75 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:460.2
## Brazil :0 Max. :6.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :496.0
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :253.0 Min. :260.0 Min. :234.0
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:376.2 1st Qu.:374.0 1st Qu.:322.2
## Median :218 Median :569.5 Median :453.0 Median :469.5
## Mean :218 Mean :542.5 Mean :490.5 Mean :486.2
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:597.0 3rd Qu.:532.8 3rd Qu.:611.5
## Max. :218 Max. :945.0 Max. :870.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :256.0 Min. :125.0 Min. :44.09 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:379.5 1st Qu.:582.2 1st Qu.:44.45 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :592.5 Median :713.0 Median :44.61 Median :2015
## Mean :551.0 Mean :628.8 Mean :44.92 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:636.0 3rd Qu.:787.5 3rd Qu.:45.25 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :906.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :46.38 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Czech Republic"
## X world_rank
## Min. :270.0 Min. :270.0
## 1st Qu.:702.0 1st Qu.:702.0
## Median :716.0 Median :716.0
## Mean :678.4 Mean :678.4
## 3rd Qu.:724.0 3rd Qu.:724.0
## Max. :980.0 Max. :980.0
##
## institution country
## Charles University in Prague :1 Czech Republic:5
## Czech Technical University in Prague :1 Argentina :0
## Masaryk University :1 Australia :0
## Palack<c3><83><c2><bd> University, Olomouc :1 Austria :0
## University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague:1 Belgium :0
## AGH University of Science and Technology :0 Brazil :0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1 Min. :238.0 Min. :560.0 Min. :116.0
## 1st Qu.:2 1st Qu.:347.0 1st Qu.:567.0 1st Qu.:218.0
## Median :3 Median :367.0 Median :567.0 Median :218.0
## Mean :3 Mean :337.2 Mean :565.6 Mean :197.6
## 3rd Qu.:4 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :5 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :228.0 Min. :238.0 Min. :182.0 Min. :227
## 1st Qu.:645.0 1st Qu.:519.0 1st Qu.:428.0 1st Qu.:622
## Median :673.0 Median :562.0 Median :511.0 Median :646
## Mean :655.2 Mean :600.6 Mean :515.6 Mean :620
## 3rd Qu.:739.0 3rd Qu.:816.0 3rd Qu.:645.0 3rd Qu.:659
## Max. :991.0 Max. :868.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :946
##
## patents score year
## Min. :475.0 Min. :44.05 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:582.0 1st Qu.:44.33 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :636.0 Median :44.34 Median :2015
## Mean :635.2 Mean :44.68 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:705.0 3rd Qu.:44.36 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :778.0 Max. :46.32 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Greece"
## X world_rank
## Min. :301.0 Min. :301.0
## 1st Qu.:487.0 1st Qu.:487.0
## Median :582.0 Median :582.0
## Mean :585.4 Mean :585.4
## 3rd Qu.:668.0 3rd Qu.:668.0
## Max. :905.0 Max. :905.0
##
## institution country
## Aristotle University of Thessaloniki :1 Greece :7
## National Technical University of Athens :1 Argentina:0
## National and Kapodistrian University of Athens:1 Australia:0
## University of Crete :1 Austria :0
## University of Ioannina :1 Belgium :0
## University of Patras :1 Brazil :0
## (Other) :1 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1.0 Min. :187.0 Min. :200.0 Min. :218
## 1st Qu.:2.5 1st Qu.:367.0 1st Qu.:567.0 1st Qu.:218
## Median :4.0 Median :367.0 Median :567.0 Median :218
## Mean :4.0 Mean :341.3 Mean :514.6 Mean :218
## 3rd Qu.:5.5 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :7.0 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :245.0 Min. :416.0 Min. :428.0 Min. :273.0
## 1st Qu.:415.5 1st Qu.:600.5 1st Qu.:511.0 1st Qu.:400.5
## Median :510.0 Median :704.0 Median :511.0 Median :495.0
## Mean :510.3 Mean :727.3 Mean :561.3 Mean :520.4
## 3rd Qu.:555.5 3rd Qu.:893.0 3rd Qu.:578.0 3rd Qu.:612.0
## Max. :875.0 Max. :984.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :850.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :731.0 Min. :44.13 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:813.5 1st Qu.:44.41 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :871.0 Median :44.55 Median :2015
## Mean :834.6 Mean :44.72 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:871.0 3rd Qu.:44.82 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871.0 Max. :45.94 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Thailand"
## X world_rank
## Min. :311.0 Min. :311.0
## 1st Qu.:421.5 1st Qu.:421.5
## Median :532.0 Median :532.0
## Mean :553.7 Mean :553.7
## 3rd Qu.:675.0 3rd Qu.:675.0
## Max. :818.0 Max. :818.0
##
## institution country national_rank
## Chiang Mai University :1 Thailand :3 Min. :1.0
## Chulalongkorn University :1 Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1.5
## Mahidol University :1 Australia:0 Median :2.0
## AGH University of Science and Technology:0 Austria :0 Mean :2.0
## Aalborg University :0 Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:2.5
## Aalto University :0 Brazil :0 Max. :3.0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty publications
## Min. :367 Min. : 57.0 Min. :218 Min. :476.0
## 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:303.5 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:530.0
## Median :367 Median :550.0 Median :218 Median :584.0
## Mean :367 Mean :391.3 Mean :218 Mean :635.7
## 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:558.5 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:715.5
## Max. :367 Max. :567.0 Max. :218 Max. :847.0
##
## influence citations broad_impact patents
## Min. :372.0 Min. :368.0 Min. :447.0 Min. :861.0
## 1st Qu.:553.0 1st Qu.:439.5 1st Qu.:502.5 1st Qu.:866.0
## Median :734.0 Median :511.0 Median :558.0 Median :871.0
## Mean :619.7 Mean :463.3 Mean :586.3 Mean :867.7
## 3rd Qu.:743.5 3rd Qu.:511.0 3rd Qu.:656.0 3rd Qu.:871.0
## Max. :753.0 Max. :511.0 Max. :754.0 Max. :871.0
##
## score year
## Min. :44.21 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:44.45 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :44.69 Median :2015
## Mean :44.92 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:45.27 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :45.86 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Mexico"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :334 Min. :334 National Autonomous University of Mexico:1
## 1st Qu.:447 1st Qu.:447 National Polytechnic Institute :1
## Median :560 Median :560 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Mean :560 Mean :560 Aalborg University :0
## 3rd Qu.:673 3rd Qu.:673 Aalto University :0
## Max. :786 Max. :786 Aarhus University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Mexico :2 Min. :1.00 Min. :282 Min. :546.0
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1.25 1st Qu.:294 1st Qu.:551.2
## Australia:0 Median :1.50 Median :306 Median :556.5
## Austria :0 Mean :1.50 Mean :306 Mean :556.5
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1.75 3rd Qu.:318 3rd Qu.:561.8
## Brazil :0 Max. :2.00 Max. :330 Max. :567.0
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :199.0 Min. :219 Min. :368
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:292.5 1st Qu.:309 1st Qu.:383
## Median :218 Median :386.0 Median :399 Median :398
## Mean :218 Mean :386.0 Mean :399 Mean :398
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:479.5 3rd Qu.:489 3rd Qu.:413
## Max. :218 Max. :573.0 Max. :579 Max. :428
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :330.0 Min. :486.0 Min. :44.26 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:432.8 1st Qu.:519.5 1st Qu.:44.59 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :535.5 Median :553.0 Median :44.92 Median :2015
## Mean :535.5 Mean :553.0 Mean :44.92 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:638.2 3rd Qu.:586.5 3rd Qu.:45.25 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :741.0 Max. :620.0 Max. :45.58 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "India"
## X world_rank
## Min. :341.0 Min. :341.0
## 1st Qu.:523.2 1st Qu.:523.2
## Median :626.0 Median :626.0
## Mean :650.1 Mean :650.1
## 3rd Qu.:795.5 3rd Qu.:795.5
## Max. :925.0 Max. :925.0
##
## institution country
## All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi: 1 India :16
## Banaras Hindu University : 1 Argentina: 0
## Indian Institute of Science : 1 Australia: 0
## Indian Institute of Technology Bombay : 1 Austria : 0
## Indian Institute of Technology Delhi : 1 Belgium : 0
## Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur : 1 Brazil : 0
## (Other) :10 (Other) : 0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. : 1.00 Min. :140.0 Min. : 59.0 Min. :209.0
## 1st Qu.: 4.75 1st Qu.:310.5 1st Qu.:223.2 1st Qu.:218.0
## Median : 8.50 Median :367.0 Median :370.5 Median :218.0
## Mean : 8.50 Mean :322.9 Mean :363.3 Mean :217.4
## 3rd Qu.:12.25 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:528.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :16.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :315.0 Min. :450.0 Min. :368.0 Min. :447.0
## 1st Qu.:522.5 1st Qu.:780.2 1st Qu.:490.2 1st Qu.:655.8
## Median :711.5 Median :893.0 Median :645.0 Median :728.0
## Mean :686.6 Mean :826.9 Mean :618.7 Mean :722.6
## 3rd Qu.:853.8 3rd Qu.:934.0 3rd Qu.:812.0 3rd Qu.:796.0
## Max. :964.0 Max. :991.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :994.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :176.0 Min. :44.11 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:443.5 1st Qu.:44.25 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :689.5 Median :44.47 Median :2015
## Mean :620.5 Mean :44.55 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:827.8 3rd Qu.:44.71 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871.0 Max. :45.54 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Argentina"
## X world_rank
## Min. :367.0 Min. :367.0
## 1st Qu.:555.5 1st Qu.:555.5
## Median :744.0 Median :744.0
## Mean :681.3 Mean :681.3
## 3rd Qu.:838.5 3rd Qu.:838.5
## Max. :933.0 Max. :933.0
##
## institution country
## National University of C<c3><83><c2><b3>rdoba:1 Argentina:3
## National University of La Plata :1 Australia:0
## University of Buenos Aires :1 Austria :0
## AGH University of Science and Technology :0 Belgium :0
## Aalborg University :0 Brazil :0
## Aalto University :0 Bulgaria :0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1.0 Min. :126.0 Min. :500.0 Min. :180.0
## 1st Qu.:1.5 1st Qu.:246.5 1st Qu.:506.5 1st Qu.:199.0
## Median :2.0 Median :367.0 Median :513.0 Median :218.0
## Mean :2.0 Mean :286.7 Mean :526.7 Mean :205.3
## 3rd Qu.:2.5 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:540.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :3.0 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :276.0 Min. :350.0 Min. :321.0 Min. :344
## 1st Qu.:411.0 1st Qu.:454.5 1st Qu.:416.0 1st Qu.:515
## Median :546.0 Median :559.0 Median :511.0 Median :686
## Mean :513.0 Mean :568.3 Mean :492.3 Mean :642
## 3rd Qu.:631.5 3rd Qu.:677.5 3rd Qu.:578.0 3rd Qu.:791
## Max. :717.0 Max. :796.0 Max. :645.0 Max. :896
##
## patents score year
## Min. :871 Min. :44.10 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:871 1st Qu.:44.20 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :871 Median :44.31 Median :2015
## Mean :871 Mean :44.59 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:871 3rd Qu.:44.84 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871 Max. :45.37 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Chile"
## X world_rank
## Min. :376.0 Min. :376.0
## 1st Qu.:412.8 1st Qu.:412.8
## Median :615.0 Median :615.0
## Mean :641.5 Mean :641.5
## 3rd Qu.:843.8 3rd Qu.:843.8
## Max. :960.0 Max. :960.0
##
## institution
## Federico Santa Mar<c3><83><c2><ad>a Technical University:1
## Pontifical Catholic University of Chile :1
## University of Chile :1
## University of Concepci<c3><83><c2><b3>n :1
## AGH University of Science and Technology :0
## Aalborg University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Chile :4 Min. :1.00 Min. :242.0 Min. :139.0
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1.75 1st Qu.:317.8 1st Qu.:164.5
## Australia:0 Median :2.50 Median :355.0 Median :370.0
## Austria :0 Mean :2.50 Mean :329.8 Mean :361.5
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:3.25 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Brazil :0 Max. :4.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :418.0 Min. :310.0 Min. :368.0
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:439.0 1st Qu.:340.8 1st Qu.:575.8
## Median :218 Median :579.0 Median :401.0 Median :645.0
## Mean :218 Mean :632.8 Mean :508.8 Mean :617.5
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:772.8 3rd Qu.:569.0 3rd Qu.:686.8
## Max. :218 Max. :955.0 Max. :923.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :388 Min. :396.0 Min. :44.07 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:415 1st Qu.:465.8 1st Qu.:44.19 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :589 Median :497.0 Median :44.66 Median :2015
## Mean :628 Mean :508.8 Mean :44.67 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:802 3rd Qu.:540.0 3rd Qu.:45.14 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :946 Max. :645.0 Max. :45.31 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Poland"
## X world_rank
## Min. :451.0 Min. :451.0
## 1st Qu.:646.0 1st Qu.:646.0
## Median :890.0 Median :890.0
## Mean :774.6 Mean :774.6
## 3rd Qu.:921.0 3rd Qu.:921.0
## Max. :964.0 Max. :964.0
##
## institution
## AGH University of Science and Technology :1
## Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna<c3><85><e2><80><9e> :1
## Jagiellonian University :1
## Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru<c3><85><e2><80><9e>:1
## University of Silesia :1
## University of Warsaw :1
## (Other) :3
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Poland :9 Min. :1 Min. :118.0 Min. :279.0
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:3 1st Qu.:267.0 1st Qu.:545.0
## Australia:0 Median :5 Median :355.0 Median :567.0
## Austria :0 Mean :5 Mean :300.2 Mean :514.4
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:7 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Brazil :0 Max. :9 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :150.0 Min. :403 Min. :462.0 Min. :287
## 1st Qu.:218.0 1st Qu.:675 1st Qu.:757.0 1st Qu.:511
## Median :218.0 Median :708 Median :821.0 Median :511
## Mean :210.4 Mean :685 Mean :758.2 Mean :555
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:798 3rd Qu.:864.0 3rd Qu.:645
## Max. :218.0 Max. :873 Max. :947.0 Max. :812
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :375.0 Min. :355.0 Min. :44.06 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:579.0 1st Qu.:657.0 1st Qu.:44.12 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :880.0 Median :716.0 Median :44.14 Median :2015
## Mean :760.4 Mean :694.6 Mean :44.34 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:932.0 3rd Qu.:861.0 3rd Qu.:44.43 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :946.0 Max. :871.0 Max. :44.94 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Hungary"
## X world_rank
## Min. :458.0 Min. :458.0
## 1st Qu.:629.5 1st Qu.:629.5
## Median :699.0 Median :699.0
## Mean :697.3 Mean :697.3
## 3rd Qu.:797.0 3rd Qu.:797.0
## Max. :892.0 Max. :892.0
##
## institution
## Budapest University of Technology and Economics :1
## E<c3><83><c2><b6>tv<c3><83><c2><b6>s Lor<c3><83><c2><a1>nd University:1
## Semmelweis University :1
## University of Debrecen :1
## University of P<c3><83><c2><a9>cs :1
## University of Szeged :1
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Hungary :6 Min. :1.00 Min. : 89.0 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:2.25 1st Qu.:283.8 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :3.50 Median :367.0 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :3.50 Mean :302.2 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:4.75 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :6.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :116.0 Min. :559.0 Min. :444.0 Min. :287.0
## 1st Qu.:208.2 1st Qu.:651.8 1st Qu.:516.0 1st Qu.:448.8
## Median :218.0 Median :672.0 Median :670.5 Median :578.0
## Mean :198.8 Mean :709.2 Mean :639.8 Mean :582.5
## 3rd Qu.:218.0 3rd Qu.:726.8 3rd Qu.:750.8 3rd Qu.:770.2
## Max. :218.0 Max. :962.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :812.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :495.0 Min. :499.0 Min. :44.14 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:544.2 1st Qu.:508.0 1st Qu.:44.24 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :624.5 Median :530.5 Median :44.36 Median :2015
## Mean :650.7 Mean :575.8 Mean :44.41 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:750.5 3rd Qu.:635.5 3rd Qu.:44.46 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :850.0 Max. :724.0 Max. :44.92 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Iceland"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :461 Min. :461 University of Iceland :1
## 1st Qu.:461 1st Qu.:461 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :461 Median :461 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :461 Mean :461 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:461 3rd Qu.:461 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :461 Max. :461 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Iceland :1 Min. :1 Min. :367 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :1 Median :367 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :367 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :367 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :612 Min. :295 Min. :321
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:612 1st Qu.:295 1st Qu.:321
## Median :218 Median :612 Median :295 Median :321
## Mean :218 Mean :612 Mean :295 Mean :321
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:612 3rd Qu.:295 3rd Qu.:321
## Max. :218 Max. :612 Max. :295 Max. :321
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :369 Min. :839 Min. :44.91 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:369 1st Qu.:839 1st Qu.:44.91 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :369 Median :839 Median :44.91 Median :2015
## Mean :369 Mean :839 Mean :44.91 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:369 3rd Qu.:839 3rd Qu.:44.91 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :369 Max. :839 Max. :44.91 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Turkey"
## X world_rank
## Min. :470.0 Min. :470.0
## 1st Qu.:656.8 1st Qu.:656.8
## Median :760.5 Median :760.5
## Mean :745.8 Mean :745.8
## 3rd Qu.:840.8 3rd Qu.:840.8
## Max. :954.0 Max. :954.0
##
## institution country
## Ankara University :1 Turkey :10
## Bilkent University :1 Argentina: 0
## Bo<c3><84><c5><b8>azi<c3><83><c2><a7>i University:1 Australia: 0
## Dokuz Eyl<c3><83><c2><bc>l University :1 Austria : 0
## Ege University :1 Belgium : 0
## Gazi University :1 Brazil : 0
## (Other) :4 (Other) : 0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. : 1.00 Min. :253.0 Min. :120.0 Min. :218
## 1st Qu.: 3.25 1st Qu.:367.0 1st Qu.:399.5 1st Qu.:218
## Median : 5.50 Median :367.0 Median :471.5 Median :218
## Mean : 5.50 Mean :355.6 Mean :445.0 Mean :218
## 3rd Qu.: 7.75 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:555.0 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :10.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :550.0 Min. :560.0 Min. :368.0 Min. :549.0
## 1st Qu.:664.5 1st Qu.:737.5 1st Qu.:511.0 1st Qu.:669.0
## Median :746.5 Median :814.0 Median :511.0 Median :699.0
## Mean :734.7 Mean :796.5 Mean :575.4 Mean :715.5
## 3rd Qu.:776.0 3rd Qu.:878.0 3rd Qu.:645.0 3rd Qu.:792.2
## Max. :931.0 Max. :957.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :906.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :824.0 Min. :44.07 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:871.0 1st Qu.:44.19 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :871.0 Median :44.29 Median :2015
## Mean :863.1 Mean :44.33 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:871.0 3rd Qu.:44.42 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871.0 Max. :44.87 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Malaysia"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :482 Min. :482 Putra University, Malaysia :1
## 1st Qu.:490 1st Qu.:490 University of Malaya :1
## Median :498 Median :498 University of Science, Malaysia :1
## Mean :530 Mean :530 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## 3rd Qu.:554 3rd Qu.:554 Aalborg University :0
## Max. :610 Max. :610 Aalto University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Malaysia :3 Min. :1.0 Min. :367 Min. :138.0
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1.5 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:352.5
## Australia:0 Median :2.0 Median :367 Median :567.0
## Austria :0 Mean :2.0 Mean :367 Mean :424.0
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:2.5 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:567.0
## Brazil :0 Max. :3.0 Max. :367 Max. :567.0
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :572.0 Min. :877.0 Min. :428
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:620.5 1st Qu.:882.5 1st Qu.:428
## Median :218 Median :669.0 Median :888.0 Median :428
## Mean :218 Mean :700.3 Mean :888.3 Mean :556
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:764.5 3rd Qu.:894.0 3rd Qu.:620
## Max. :218 Max. :860.0 Max. :900.0 Max. :812
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :741.0 Min. : 94.0 Min. :44.49 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:775.0 1st Qu.:104.0 1st Qu.:44.64 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :809.0 Median :114.0 Median :44.79 Median :2015
## Mean :846.3 Mean :160.7 Mean :44.71 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:899.0 3rd Qu.:194.0 3rd Qu.:44.81 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :989.0 Max. :274.0 Max. :44.84 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Slovenia"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :504 Min. :504 University of Ljubljana :1
## 1st Qu.:583 1st Qu.:583 University of Maribor :1
## Median :662 Median :662 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Mean :662 Mean :662 Aalborg University :0
## 3rd Qu.:741 3rd Qu.:741 Aalto University :0
## Max. :820 Max. :820 Aarhus University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Slovenia :2 Min. :1.00 Min. :367 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1.25 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :1.50 Median :367 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :1.50 Mean :367 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1.75 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :2.00 Max. :367 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :341 Min. :415.0 Min. :321.0
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:469 1st Qu.:516.2 1st Qu.:368.5
## Median :218 Median :597 Median :617.5 Median :416.0
## Mean :218 Mean :597 Mean :617.5 Mean :416.0
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:725 3rd Qu.:718.8 3rd Qu.:463.5
## Max. :218 Max. :853 Max. :820.0 Max. :511.0
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :457.0 Min. :507.0 Min. :44.21 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:531.2 1st Qu.:568.2 1st Qu.:44.35 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :605.5 Median :629.5 Median :44.49 Median :2015
## Mean :605.5 Mean :629.5 Mean :44.49 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:679.8 3rd Qu.:690.8 3rd Qu.:44.63 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :754.0 Max. :752.0 Max. :44.77 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Estonia"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :537 Min. :537 University of Tartu :1
## 1st Qu.:537 1st Qu.:537 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :537 Median :537 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :537 Mean :537 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:537 3rd Qu.:537 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :537 Max. :537 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Estonia :1 Min. :1 Min. :365 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:365 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :1 Median :365 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :365 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:365 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :365 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :586 Min. :318 Min. :368
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:586 1st Qu.:318 1st Qu.:368
## Median :218 Median :586 Median :318 Median :368
## Mean :218 Mean :586 Mean :318 Mean :368
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:586 3rd Qu.:318 3rd Qu.:368
## Max. :218 Max. :586 Max. :318 Max. :368
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :457 Min. :426 Min. :44.68 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:457 1st Qu.:426 1st Qu.:44.68 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :457 Median :426 Median :44.68 Median :2015
## Mean :457 Mean :426 Mean :44.68 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:457 3rd Qu.:426 3rd Qu.:44.68 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :457 Max. :426 Max. :44.68 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Croatia"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :551 Min. :551 University of Zagreb :1
## 1st Qu.:551 1st Qu.:551 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :551 Median :551 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :551 Mean :551 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:551 3rd Qu.:551 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :551 Max. :551 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Croatia :1 Min. :1 Min. :367 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :1 Median :367 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :367 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :367 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :553 Min. :541 Min. :428
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:553 1st Qu.:541 1st Qu.:428
## Median :218 Median :553 Median :541 Median :428
## Mean :218 Mean :553 Mean :541 Mean :428
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:553 3rd Qu.:541 3rd Qu.:428
## Max. :218 Max. :553 Max. :541 Max. :428
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :471 Min. :650 Min. :44.62 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:471 1st Qu.:650 1st Qu.:44.62 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :471 Median :650 Median :44.62 Median :2015
## Mean :471 Mean :650 Mean :44.62 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:471 3rd Qu.:650 3rd Qu.:44.62 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :471 Max. :650 Max. :44.62 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Saudi Arabia"
## X world_rank
## Min. :569.0 Min. :569.0
## 1st Qu.:670.2 1st Qu.:670.2
## Median :775.5 Median :775.5
## Mean :778.8 Mean :778.8
## 3rd Qu.:884.0 3rd Qu.:884.0
## Max. :995.0 Max. :995.0
##
## institution country
## King Abdulaziz University :1 Saudi Arabia:4
## King Abdullah University of Science and Technology:1 Argentina :0
## King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals :1 Australia :0
## King Saud University :1 Austria :0
## AGH University of Science and Technology :0 Belgium :0
## Aalborg University :0 Brazil :0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1.00 Min. :367 Min. :182.0 Min. :126
## 1st Qu.:1.75 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:221.0 1st Qu.:195
## Median :2.50 Median :367 Median :341.5 Median :218
## Mean :2.50 Mean :367 Mean :358.0 Mean :195
## 3rd Qu.:3.25 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:478.5 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :4.00 Max. :367 Max. :567.0 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :560.0 Min. :430.0 Min. :645.0 Min. :837.0
## 1st Qu.:586.2 1st Qu.:504.2 1st Qu.:645.0 1st Qu.:918.8
## Median :643.0 Median :534.0 Median :728.5 Median :965.0
## Mean :695.0 Mean :612.0 Mean :728.5 Mean :940.2
## 3rd Qu.:751.8 3rd Qu.:641.8 3rd Qu.:812.0 3rd Qu.:986.5
## Max. :934.0 Max. :950.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :994.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :182.0 Min. :44.03 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:219.5 1st Qu.:44.15 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :535.5 Median :44.27 Median :2015
## Mean :531.0 Mean :44.29 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:847.0 3rd Qu.:44.42 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871.0 Max. :44.59 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Colombia"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :652 Min. :652 National University of Colombia :1
## 1st Qu.:731 1st Qu.:731 University of Los Andes (Colombia) :1
## Median :810 Median :810 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Mean :810 Mean :810 Aalborg University :0
## 3rd Qu.:889 3rd Qu.:889 Aalto University :0
## Max. :968 Max. :968 Aarhus University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Colombia :2 Min. :1.00 Min. :367 Min. :189.0
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1.25 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:219.8
## Australia:0 Median :1.50 Median :367 Median :250.5
## Austria :0 Mean :1.50 Mean :367 Mean :250.5
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1.75 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:281.2
## Brazil :0 Max. :2.00 Max. :367 Max. :312.0
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :871.0 Min. :561.0 Min. :428
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:877.8 1st Qu.:603.8 1st Qu.:524
## Median :218 Median :884.5 Median :646.5 Median :620
## Mean :218 Mean :884.5 Mean :646.5 Mean :620
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:891.2 3rd Qu.:689.2 3rd Qu.:716
## Max. :218 Max. :898.0 Max. :732.0 Max. :812
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :837.0 Min. :749 Min. :44.06 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:876.2 1st Qu.:777 1st Qu.:44.15 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :915.5 Median :805 Median :44.24 Median :2015
## Mean :915.5 Mean :805 Mean :44.24 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:954.8 3rd Qu.:833 3rd Qu.:44.34 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :994.0 Max. :861 Max. :44.43 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Lebanon"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :682 Min. :682 American University of Beirut :1
## 1st Qu.:682 1st Qu.:682 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :682 Median :682 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :682 Mean :682 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:682 3rd Qu.:682 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :682 Max. :682 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Lebanon :1 Min. :1 Min. :114 Min. :247
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:114 1st Qu.:247
## Australia:0 Median :1 Median :114 Median :247
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :114 Mean :247
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:114 3rd Qu.:247
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :114 Max. :247
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :915 Min. :892 Min. :812
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:915 1st Qu.:892 1st Qu.:812
## Median :218 Median :915 Median :892 Median :812
## Mean :218 Mean :915 Mean :892 Mean :812
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:915 3rd Qu.:892 3rd Qu.:812
## Max. :218 Max. :915 Max. :892 Max. :812
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :880 Min. :871 Min. :44.38 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:880 1st Qu.:871 1st Qu.:44.38 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :880 Median :871 Median :44.38 Median :2015
## Mean :880 Mean :871 Mean :44.38 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:880 3rd Qu.:871 3rd Qu.:44.38 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :880 Max. :871 Max. :44.38 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Slovak Republic"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :685 Min. :685 Comenius University in Bratislava :1
## 1st Qu.:685 1st Qu.:685 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :685 Median :685 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :685 Mean :685 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:685 3rd Qu.:685 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :685 Max. :685 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Slovak Republic:1 Min. :1 Min. :367 Min. :567
## Argentina :0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:567
## Australia :0 Median :1 Median :367 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :367 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :367 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :707 Min. :624 Min. :645
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:707 1st Qu.:624 1st Qu.:645
## Median :218 Median :707 Median :624 Median :645
## Mean :218 Mean :707 Mean :624 Mean :645
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:707 3rd Qu.:624 3rd Qu.:645
## Max. :218 Max. :707 Max. :624 Max. :645
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :590 Min. :871 Min. :44.38 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:590 1st Qu.:871 1st Qu.:44.38 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :590 Median :871 Median :44.38 Median :2015
## Mean :590 Mean :871 Mean :44.38 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:590 3rd Qu.:871 3rd Qu.:44.38 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :590 Max. :871 Max. :44.38 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Iran"
## X world_rank
## Min. :697.0 Min. :697.0
## 1st Qu.:832.5 1st Qu.:832.5
## Median :913.0 Median :913.0
## Mean :873.8 Mean :873.8
## 3rd Qu.:937.2 3rd Qu.:937.2
## Max. :958.0 Max. :958.0
##
## institution country
## Amirkabir University of Technology :1 Iran :8
## Isfahan University of Technology :1 Argentina:0
## Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences:1 Australia:0
## Sharif University of Technology :1 Austria :0
## Shiraz University :1 Belgium :0
## Tarbiat Modares University :1 Brazil :0
## (Other) :2 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1.00 Min. :116.0 Min. :567 Min. :218
## 1st Qu.:2.75 1st Qu.:320.5 1st Qu.:567 1st Qu.:218
## Median :4.50 Median :367.0 Median :567 Median :218
## Mean :4.50 Mean :312.4 Mean :567 Mean :218
## 3rd Qu.:6.25 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :8.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :489.0 Min. :899.0 Min. :511.0 Min. :732.0
## 1st Qu.:652.2 1st Qu.:922.2 1st Qu.:645.0 1st Qu.:789.5
## Median :747.0 Median :956.0 Median :728.5 Median :873.5
## Mean :712.1 Mean :948.9 Mean :711.8 Mean :848.0
## 3rd Qu.:786.5 3rd Qu.:967.5 3rd Qu.:812.0 3rd Qu.:894.8
## Max. :865.0 Max. :991.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :932.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :871 Min. :44.07 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:871 1st Qu.:44.09 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :871 Median :44.12 Median :2015
## Mean :871 Mean :44.16 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:871 3rd Qu.:44.20 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871 Max. :44.37 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Serbia"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :726 Min. :726 University of Belgrade :1
## 1st Qu.:726 1st Qu.:726 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :726 Median :726 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :726 Mean :726 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:726 3rd Qu.:726 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :726 Max. :726 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Serbia :1 Min. :1 Min. :276 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:276 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :1 Median :276 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :276 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:276 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :276 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :422 Min. :694 Min. :511
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:422 1st Qu.:694 1st Qu.:511
## Median :218 Median :422 Median :694 Median :511
## Mean :218 Mean :422 Mean :694 Mean :511
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:422 3rd Qu.:694 3rd Qu.:511
## Max. :218 Max. :422 Max. :694 Max. :511
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :715 Min. :824 Min. :44.33 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:715 1st Qu.:824 1st Qu.:44.33 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :715 Median :824 Median :44.33 Median :2015
## Mean :715 Mean :824 Mean :44.33 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:715 3rd Qu.:824 3rd Qu.:44.33 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :715 Max. :824 Max. :44.33 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Lithuania"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :791 Min. :791 Vilnius University :1
## 1st Qu.:791 1st Qu.:791 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :791 Median :791 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :791 Mean :791 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:791 3rd Qu.:791 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :791 Max. :791 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Lithuania:1 Min. :1 Min. :340 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:340 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :1 Median :340 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :340 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:340 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :340 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :799 Min. :642 Min. :645
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:799 1st Qu.:642 1st Qu.:645
## Median :218 Median :799 Median :642 Median :645
## Mean :218 Mean :799 Mean :642 Mean :645
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:799 3rd Qu.:642 3rd Qu.:645
## Max. :218 Max. :799 Max. :642 Max. :645
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :715 Min. :684 Min. :44.25 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:715 1st Qu.:684 1st Qu.:44.25 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :715 Median :684 Median :44.25 Median :2015
## Mean :715 Mean :684 Mean :44.25 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:715 3rd Qu.:684 3rd Qu.:44.25 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :715 Max. :684 Max. :44.25 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Egypt"
## X world_rank
## Min. :796.0 Min. :796.0
## 1st Qu.:922.8 1st Qu.:922.8
## Median :976.5 Median :976.5
## Mean :936.5 Mean :936.5
## 3rd Qu.:990.2 3rd Qu.:990.2
## Max. :997.0 Max. :997.0
##
## institution country
## Ain Shams University :1 Egypt :4
## Alexandria University :1 Argentina:0
## Cairo University :1 Australia:0
## Mansoura University :1 Austria :0
## AGH University of Science and Technology:0 Belgium :0
## Aalborg University :0 Brazil :0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1.00 Min. :236.0 Min. :469.0 Min. :180.0
## 1st Qu.:1.75 1st Qu.:272.8 1st Qu.:541.8 1st Qu.:208.5
## Median :2.50 Median :326.0 Median :566.5 Median :218.0
## Mean :2.50 Mean :313.8 Mean :542.2 Mean :208.5
## 3rd Qu.:3.25 3rd Qu.:367.0 3rd Qu.:567.0 3rd Qu.:218.0
## Max. :4.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567.0 Max. :218.0
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :697.0 Min. :730.0 Min. :511 Min. :781.0
## 1st Qu.:830.5 1st Qu.:806.5 1st Qu.:511 1st Qu.:894.2
## Median :931.0 Median :870.0 Median :578 Median :945.0
## Mean :889.0 Mean :859.8 Mean :578 Mean :913.0
## 3rd Qu.:989.5 3rd Qu.:923.2 3rd Qu.:645 3rd Qu.:963.8
## Max. :997.0 Max. :969.0 Max. :645 Max. :981.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :871 Min. :44.03 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:871 1st Qu.:44.04 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :871 Median :44.05 Median :2015
## Mean :871 Mean :44.09 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:871 3rd Qu.:44.11 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871 Max. :44.25 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Bulgaria"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :845 Min. :845 Sofia University :1
## 1st Qu.:845 1st Qu.:845 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :845 Median :845 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :845 Mean :845 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:845 3rd Qu.:845 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :845 Max. :845 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Bulgaria :1 Min. :1 Min. :254 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:254 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :1 Median :254 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :254 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:254 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :254 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :814 Min. :881 Min. :645
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:814 1st Qu.:881 1st Qu.:645
## Median :218 Median :814 Median :881 Median :645
## Mean :218 Mean :814 Mean :881 Mean :645
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:814 3rd Qu.:881 3rd Qu.:645
## Max. :218 Max. :814 Max. :881 Max. :645
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :796 Min. :871 Min. :44.19 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:796 1st Qu.:871 1st Qu.:44.19 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :796 Median :871 Median :44.19 Median :2015
## Mean :796 Mean :871 Mean :44.19 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:796 3rd Qu.:871 3rd Qu.:44.19 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :796 Max. :871 Max. :44.19 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Uruguay"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :867 Min. :867 University of the Republic (Uruguay) :1
## 1st Qu.:867 1st Qu.:867 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :867 Median :867 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :867 Mean :867 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:867 3rd Qu.:867 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :867 Max. :867 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Uruguay :1 Min. :66 Min. :367 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:66 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :66 Median :367 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :66 Mean :367 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:66 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :66 Max. :367 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :814 Min. :669 Min. :812
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:814 1st Qu.:669 1st Qu.:812
## Median :218 Median :814 Median :669 Median :812
## Mean :218 Mean :814 Mean :669 Mean :812
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:814 3rd Qu.:669 3rd Qu.:812
## Max. :218 Max. :814 Max. :669 Max. :812
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :809 Min. :871 Min. :44.16 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:809 1st Qu.:871 1st Qu.:44.16 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :809 Median :871 Median :44.16 Median :2015
## Mean :809 Mean :871 Mean :44.16 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:809 3rd Qu.:871 3rd Qu.:44.16 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :809 Max. :871 Max. :44.16 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Uganda"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :869 Min. :869 Makerere University :1
## 1st Qu.:869 1st Qu.:869 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :869 Median :869 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :869 Mean :869 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:869 3rd Qu.:869 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :869 Max. :869 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Uganda :1 Min. :1 Min. :367 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :1 Median :367 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :367 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :367 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :882 Min. :656 Min. :645
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:882 1st Qu.:656 1st Qu.:645
## Median :218 Median :882 Median :656 Median :645
## Mean :218 Mean :882 Mean :656 Mean :645
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:882 3rd Qu.:656 3rd Qu.:645
## Max. :218 Max. :882 Max. :656 Max. :645
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :809 Min. :871 Min. :44.16 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:809 1st Qu.:871 1st Qu.:44.16 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :809 Median :871 Median :44.16 Median :2015
## Mean :809 Mean :871 Mean :44.16 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:809 3rd Qu.:871 3rd Qu.:44.16 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :809 Max. :871 Max. :44.16 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Cyprus"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :928 Min. :928 University of Cyprus :1
## 1st Qu.:928 1st Qu.:928 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :928 Median :928 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :928 Mean :928 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:928 3rd Qu.:928 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :928 Max. :928 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment
## Cyprus :1 Min. :1 Min. :367 Min. :567
## Argentina:0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:567
## Australia:0 Median :1 Median :367 Median :567
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :367 Mean :567
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:567
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :367 Max. :567
## (Other) :0
## quality_of_faculty publications influence citations
## Min. :218 Min. :820 Min. :896 Min. :645
## 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:820 1st Qu.:896 1st Qu.:645
## Median :218 Median :820 Median :896 Median :645
## Mean :218 Mean :820 Mean :896 Mean :645
## 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:820 3rd Qu.:896 3rd Qu.:645
## Max. :218 Max. :820 Max. :896 Max. :645
##
## broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :886 Min. :816 Min. :44.1 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:886 1st Qu.:816 1st Qu.:44.1 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :886 Median :816 Median :44.1 Median :2015
## Mean :886 Mean :816 Mean :44.1 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:886 3rd Qu.:816 3rd Qu.:44.1 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :886 Max. :816 Max. :44.1 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "United Arab Emirates"
## X world_rank institution
## Min. :950 Min. :950 United Arab Emirates University :1
## 1st Qu.:950 1st Qu.:950 AGH University of Science and Technology:0
## Median :950 Median :950 Aalborg University :0
## Mean :950 Mean :950 Aalto University :0
## 3rd Qu.:950 3rd Qu.:950 Aarhus University :0
## Max. :950 Max. :950 Aberystwyth University :0
## (Other) :0
## country national_rank quality_of_education
## United Arab Emirates:1 Min. :1 Min. :367
## Argentina :0 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:367
## Australia :0 Median :1 Median :367
## Austria :0 Mean :1 Mean :367
## Belgium :0 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:367
## Brazil :0 Max. :1 Max. :367
## (Other) :0
## alumni_employment quality_of_faculty publications influence
## Min. :521 Min. :218 Min. :994 Min. :851
## 1st Qu.:521 1st Qu.:218 1st Qu.:994 1st Qu.:851
## Median :521 Median :218 Median :994 Median :851
## Mean :521 Mean :218 Mean :994 Mean :851
## 3rd Qu.:521 3rd Qu.:218 3rd Qu.:994 3rd Qu.:851
## Max. :521 Max. :218 Max. :994 Max. :851
##
## citations broad_impact patents score year
## Min. :812 Min. :906 Min. :689 Min. :44.08 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:812 1st Qu.:906 1st Qu.:689 1st Qu.:44.08 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :812 Median :906 Median :689 Median :44.08 Median :2015
## Mean :812 Mean :906 Mean :689 Mean :44.08 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:812 3rd Qu.:906 3rd Qu.:689 3rd Qu.:44.08 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :812 Max. :906 Max. :689 Max. :44.08 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Puerto Rico"
## X world_rank
## Min. :962 Min. :962
## 1st Qu.:962 1st Qu.:962
## Median :962 Median :962
## Mean :962 Mean :962
## 3rd Qu.:962 3rd Qu.:962
## Max. :962 Max. :962
##
## institution country
## University of Puerto Rico at Mayag<c3><83><c2><bc>ez:1 Puerto Rico:1
## AGH University of Science and Technology :0 Argentina :0
## Aalborg University :0 Australia :0
## Aalto University :0 Austria :0
## Aarhus University :0 Belgium :0
## Aberystwyth University :0 Brazil :0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1 Min. :367 Min. :567 Min. :218
## 1st Qu.:1 1st Qu.:367 1st Qu.:567 1st Qu.:218
## Median :1 Median :367 Median :567 Median :218
## Mean :1 Mean :367 Mean :567 Mean :218
## 3rd Qu.:1 3rd Qu.:367 3rd Qu.:567 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :1 Max. :367 Max. :567 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact patents
## Min. :998 Min. :793 Min. :645 Min. :921 Min. :871
## 1st Qu.:998 1st Qu.:793 1st Qu.:645 1st Qu.:921 1st Qu.:871
## Median :998 Median :793 Median :645 Median :921 Median :871
## Mean :998 Mean :793 Mean :645 Mean :921 Mean :871
## 3rd Qu.:998 3rd Qu.:793 3rd Qu.:645 3rd Qu.:921 3rd Qu.:871
## Max. :998 Max. :793 Max. :645 Max. :921 Max. :871
##
## score year
## Min. :44.06 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:44.06 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :44.06 Median :2015
## Mean :44.06 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:44.06 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :44.06 Max. :2015
##
## [1] "Romania"
## X world_rank
## Min. :986.0 Min. :986.0
## 1st Qu.:986.2 1st Qu.:986.2
## Median :986.5 Median :986.5
## Mean :986.5 Mean :986.5
## 3rd Qu.:986.8 3rd Qu.:986.8
## Max. :987.0 Max. :987.0
##
## institution country
## Babe<c3><88><e2><84><a2>-Bolyai University:1 Romania :2
## University of Bucharest :1 Argentina:0
## AGH University of Science and Technology :0 Australia:0
## Aalborg University :0 Austria :0
## Aalto University :0 Belgium :0
## Aarhus University :0 Brazil :0
## (Other) :0 (Other) :0
## national_rank quality_of_education alumni_employment quality_of_faculty
## Min. :1.00 Min. :237.0 Min. :567 Min. :218
## 1st Qu.:1.25 1st Qu.:269.5 1st Qu.:567 1st Qu.:218
## Median :1.50 Median :302.0 Median :567 Median :218
## Mean :1.50 Mean :302.0 Mean :567 Mean :218
## 3rd Qu.:1.75 3rd Qu.:334.5 3rd Qu.:567 3rd Qu.:218
## Max. :2.00 Max. :367.0 Max. :567 Max. :218
##
## publications influence citations broad_impact
## Min. :845.0 Min. :804.0 Min. :645.0 Min. :958.0
## 1st Qu.:852.2 1st Qu.:816.8 1st Qu.:686.8 1st Qu.:962.2
## Median :859.5 Median :829.5 Median :728.5 Median :966.5
## Mean :859.5 Mean :829.5 Mean :728.5 Mean :966.5
## 3rd Qu.:866.8 3rd Qu.:842.2 3rd Qu.:770.2 3rd Qu.:970.8
## Max. :874.0 Max. :855.0 Max. :812.0 Max. :975.0
##
## patents score year
## Min. :871 Min. :44.04 Min. :2015
## 1st Qu.:871 1st Qu.:44.04 1st Qu.:2015
## Median :871 Median :44.04 Median :2015
## Mean :871 Mean :44.04 Mean :2015
## 3rd Qu.:871 3rd Qu.:44.04 3rd Qu.:2015
## Max. :871 Max. :44.04 Max. :2015
##