Erika S.Ochoa Final Project Introduction In this project I will provide diﬀerent information that I’ve analyzed to help me understand who would and wouldn’t survived on my shipwreck disaster. My ship is Ms. Estonia. Ms. Estonia sank in 1994 in the Baltic Sea on one of the worst maritime disaster of 20th century. It was the deadliest European shipwreck disaster. About 852 lives were lost in this shipwreck. I believe that this information is useful and interesting as well as helpful for people understand the sociological problems that we faced in this society. All of this things play a factor in whether some people survive and some die in horrible natural disaster. I believe that the ship I am wrecking will have more man as the survivors, followed by women, and the least to survive will be the Crew members. Background The Ms. Estonia disaster occurred on Wednesday September 28th in 1994.This happened between 00:55 to 1:50 the ship was crossing the Baltic Sea the route was Tallin. Ms. Estonia was scheduled to cross with departure at 19:00 on September 27th. Ms. Estonia was expected in Stockholm the next morning at 9:30 am. MS Estonia had 989 people. They were 803 passengers and 186 were part of the Crew. Most of the passengers were Scandinavian, most of the Crew Were Estonian. The reports show the weather was rough. The winds were 15 to 20 meters per second (29 to 39 kn;34 to 45 mph) force 7.8 on the Beaufort scale and a signiﬁcant wave height of 4 to 6 metres. It was a ﬁrst sign of trouble was aboard Estonia was when a metallic bang was heard. This was caused because of heavy wave hitting the bow doors around 1:00.The ship that i did my work is Ms Estonia .This ship sank in the early morning of september 28,1994.The ship sank in the Baltic Sea this was one of the worst maritime.This was one of the deadlist disaster it cost the lives of 852 passenger.This was worst then the Civil war.The Estonia ferry was 500 feet long.Estonia is the capital of Italia.The ferry navigated for 6 hours it reach the halfway point..In the ship most of the passengers were Scandinavian.The Crew were Estonian.The nationality of the victims were Sweden and 501 died.They were Estonian 285 died.The other one was Latvia 17 died.From Germany 11 died.In the ship 11 Russians died.From Findland they were 10 that died.From Norway 6 died.From Denmark 5 died.People from Lithuania 3 died.From Morrocco 2 died.The other countries such as Belarus,Canada,France,The Netherlands,Nigeria,Ukraine,United Kingdom they all have death of 1 passenger for each country. The final disaster report shows that the weather was rough,with the wind of 15 to 20 metres per second.The Estonia ship was also going to fast.Everybody in the Estonia heard a bang the was the first sign .This happened when a heavy wave hit the bows rows around 1:00 am.Around 1:15 the ship bows door opened and it took on a heavy starboard list.At 1:20 a alarm came on to the Crew and a minute later the general lifeboat alarm turn on.The report recall that locks on the bow door had failed from the strain of the waves. Mariella was the first of te five ferries to arrived to the scene .This happened at 2:12 am.From 989 on board only 138 were rescued alive.One of them didnt make it and died in the hospital.The ships rescued 34 and the helicopter rescued.The ferries couldnt help much because of the bad weather.Most of the passengers died because they either drowned or hypothermia.The water temperature was 10-11.c/50-52.F.A singer Urmas Alender died in the ship.They were 94 recovered,93 were recovered within 33 days of the accident,and the last one within 18 months later.The people that survived of the shipwreck were mostly young.They had strong physical composition and male.The children of ages under 12 died. Theory and Hypotheses hypothesis:1 People who were on the lower level of the ship were more likely to not survive than the people who were on the top of the ship, they could have jump right into the water. Hypothesis :2 When you panic the ship sinks quicker because you don’t know what to do. Hypothesis:3That more man is going to survive than man, Ms Estonia had 989 on board,138 were rescued alive, but one died later on in the hospital.The accident claim 852 lives( 501 Swedes,285 Estonians,17 Latvians,10 Finns and 44 people from Morocco,3 from Lithuania,5 from Denmark,6 from Norway,10 from Germany,11 from Russia).Most of the people who were in the shipwreck died from drowning and hypothermia.The water temperature was 10-11C /50-52 F.Most of the bodies were recovered :93 were recovered within 33 days of the accident.The last bodies were found gotta escaped from the Estonia died from hypothermia and half of the other people managed to leave the ship were rescued. Most of the survivors from the shipwreck were mostly young. They had a better physical composition, and male. In the shipwreck 7 people of 55 years survived. There were no survivors under age 12. In the boat they were 650 people were inside the ship when it sank. Both the Titanic disaster and Ms Estonia it had and impact of the world concept ferry safety. Data ‘”’{r}Crosstabs(MS_Estonia,row.vars=”Survival”col.vars=c(‘’Crew”,”Gender”),type=‘’c”)MS_EstoniaSurvival < −as.numeric(MSEstoniaAge) <=15 Results The variables i am focusing on are the Crew and Gender Survival since most of the people that survive in the ship are from the Crew and males. (Intercept)-1.405076e+01 Nationality of PassengerBritish1.405076e+01Nationality of PassengerCanadian -1.845376e-09 Nationality of PassengerDanish 1.260195e+01 Nationality of PassengerDutch 1.405076e+01 Nationality of PassengerEstonian 1.310391e+01 Nationality of PassengerFinnish 1.384735e+01 Nationality of PassengerFrench -1.860575e-09 Nationality of PassengerGerman 1.368543e+01 Nationality of PassengerLatvian 1.314558e+01 Nationality of PassengerLithuanian 1.356505e+01 Nationality of PassengerMorrocian -1.515308e+00 Nationality of PassengerNigerian -1.515308e+00 Nationality of PassengerNorwegian 1.361599e+01 Nationality of PassengerRussian 1.246561e+01 Nationality of PassengerSwedish 1.232056e+01 Gender -1.515308e+00 In my results it shown that my hypothesis was correct that there is more men than women that survived. Crew members also part of the survival rate. This information I provided shows that most of the people in the ship died. It was about 86.15%. Very little survivors in this ship. The results show that there is a disadvantages with gender. Also that the Crew member had a higher possibility of surviving than any other class.The diﬀerence between Estonia and the Titanic The diﬀerence between Estonia and the Titanic is that in the Titanic more people survived.Also in the Titanic a lot of women and children were saved they put them ﬁrst.In MS Estonia mostly man survived.Ms Estonia was one of the most deadliest disaster that occur during the time. Conclusions and Future Research MS Estonia, has sank in the Baltic Sea with 950 people on board. She was carrying 989 people:803 were passengers and 186 were from the Crew. Most of the passengers were Scandinavian, while most of the Crew Were Estonian. About 138 were rescued alive, but one of them died later on in the hospital. Helicopters rescued 104 and other ships rescued 34. Most of the ferries didn’t played a big role in rescuing people during to the dangerous weather. Most of the survivors were from the Crew. Most of the passenger die. They were very few survivors.I found out that there were no children in this shipwreck.Also that most of the people that survived were man and they were young. # References Network, MI News. “The MS Estonia Ship Disaster.” Marine Insight. N.p., 28 Dec. 2015. Web. 18 Oct. 2016. By MarEx 2014-10-07 18:32:00. “The Legacy of the MS Estonia Tragedy.” The Maritime Executive. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2016. The ship sank into the bottom of the Baltic Sea.For example we could use a histogram. In that case we need a new plot object that only has an x variable.In this essay were going to be using histogram and box plots to describe the data in both ships Ms Estonia and the Titanic.When using the Histogram we notice that.My ship compares to the rest of the ships because in most of the ships the survivors were mostly man .There are other ways we can display a variable that are different because they do not focus on individual observations. For example we could use a histogram. In that case we need a new plot object that only has an x variable.The data that is use is a histogram .The problem when using this histogram is that is a little confusing.I prefer the line segment because it shows more the name of the ship.It is easier to see to what line does each dot shows.summary(ships$`No. of passengers`) This is what is the data shown for the ships. Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. ## 113.0 272.2 733.0 622.1 873.0 1317.0 The box plots relate to histogram in many ways.Plots charts help us see how the number are related to each other even though something has been counted, the histogram helps us see how useful it is to see observed frequencies for certain data. The most important thing the histogram shows is variance among the frequencies and the the box plot shows distribution through the normal values.The comparison in this last chart of plot 3 are that is showing all the different causes of the number of the ships.With the number of passenger. plot1 + title1 + geom_point() +_boxplot(). geom_segment(aes(yend = `Name of Ship`), xend = 0, color = "grey50") plot2<-ggplot(ships, aes(y=reorder(`Name of Ship`, `No. of passengers`) , x=`No. of passengers` )) plot2 + title1 + geom_point() plot2<- ggplot(ships, aes(x=`No. of passengers`)) summary(ships$No. of passengers) plot2 + geom_histogram(binwidth = 30) plot3<-ggplot(ships, aes(x=factor(0) , y=No. of passengers )) plot3<-ggplot(ships, aes(x=Cause, y=No. of passengers)) plot3+geom

geom_point( aes(colour = Titanic)) plot1 + geom_bar(stat=“identity”)+theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 60, hjust =1))

plot1<-ggplot(ships, aes(y=Name of Ship , x=No. of passengers )) title1<-ggtitle(“ships”) plot1 + title1 + geom_point() plot1 + title1 + geom_point() + geom_segment(aes(yend = Name of Ship), xend = 0, color = “grey50”) plot2<-ggplot(ships, aes(y=reorder(Name of Ship, No. of passengers) , x=No. of passengers )) plot2 + title1 + geom_point() plot2 + title1 + geom_point()+ ylab(“Name of Ship”) summary(ships$`No. of passengers`) ## Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. ## 113.0 272.2 733.0 622.1 873.0 1317.0 The number of the passenger in the ship.It shows which one had more and less passengers.In class i was guessing about the variables.We were kind on track on the median but ﬁrst and third quartile we were a little oﬀ. plot3<-ggplot(ships, aes(x=factor(0) , y=`No. of passengers` )) plot3+geom_boxplot() plot3<-ggplot(ships, aes(x=`Cause`, y=`No. of passengers`)) plot3+geom_boxplot() Plots charts help us see how the number are related to eachother even though something has been counted, the histogram helps us see how useful it is to see obveseved frequencies for certain data. The most important thing the hisgram shows is variance among the frequencies and the the box plot shows distrivution through the normal values. hips$Estonia <- ifelse(ships$`Name of Ship` == 'MS Estonia', TRUE, FALSE) ships$Estonia ## [1] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE ## [12] FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE TRUE FALSE FALSE plot1 <- ggplot(ships, aes(y=No. of women passengers, x=No_of_male_passengers, color = Titanic)) plot1 + geom_point()+ ## Since we keep repeating this we could assign it to an object and just use the name of the object. ggtitle(“Relationship between the number of male and female passengers”) plot1 <- ggplot(ships, aes(y=No. of women passengers, x=No_of_male_passengers, color = Estonia)) plot1 + geom_point()+ ## Since we keep repeating this we could assign it to an object and just use the name of the object. ggtitle(“Relationship between the number of male and female passengers”) ships$two_ships <- ships$Titanic | ships$Estonia hline <- geom_hline(yintercept = mean(ships$No_of_male_passengers), color = “blue”) vline <- geom_vline(xintercept = mean(ships$No. of women passengers), color = “red”) plot1 + geom_point() + ggtitle(“Estonia vs.Titanic :Women vs Male”) + hline + vline plot1 + geom_point() + ggtitle(“Estonia vs.Titanic :Women vs Male”) + hline + vline + geom_smooth(method) geom_smooth(method = “loess”,se=FALSE) geom_smooth(method = “loess”,se=TRUE) The smoother lines diﬀer becuase from the straight lines to across the middle of the graph.They diﬀere in either true or false and in color. They would each be useful because they’re both diﬀerentiated by color.I believe they are nearer to the mean lines than they are to the smooth lines.The two ships realte with the ribbons because the two ships are close to each other. The ships fall inside the ribbons. Use the code below to get the number of male passengers on the Titanic and your ship. .The two ships realte with the ribbons because the two ships are close to each other. The ships fall inside the ribbons. Use the code below to get the number of male passengers on the Titanic and your ship. GLM(Code on R studio,also took a picture on my phone)-Survival is the indepent variable and class combined,Gender,child are the depndent variable.We also want the coefficients

In conclusion with this graphs is shows that in mostly all the cases man were the one the survive.Also that the CRew members were the one the survive too.This was because they were men also because they knew weere they were going .Women didnt have a chance.In my ship thye had no children .The difference between my ship and the other ships are that my ship had didfferent nationality as passengers .The other ships had passenger class.The suggestions for futher research is to maybe focus more of the nationality of the class.